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Yang YH, Chen YS, Chuang WT, Yang JS. Bifurcated Polymorphic Transition and Thermochromic Fluorescence of a Molecular Crystal Involving Three-Dimensional Supramolecular Gear Rotation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8131-8141. [PMID: 38471139 PMCID: PMC10979455 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The ability of molecules to move and rearrange in the solid state accounts for the polymorphic transition and stimuli-responsive properties of molecular crystals. However, how the crystal structure determines the molecular motion ability remains poorly understood. Here, we report that a three-dimensional (3D) supramolecular gear network in the green-emissive polymorph 1G of a dialkylamino-substituted anthracene-pentiptycene π-system (1) enables an unusual bifurcated polymorphic transition into a yellow-emissive polymorph (1Y) and a new green-emissive polymorph (1G*) via 3D correlated supramolecular rotation. The 90° forward correlated rotation causes the molecular conformation between the octyl and the anthracene units to change from syn to anti, the ladder-like supramolecular columns to constrict, and the gear network to disengage. This cooperative molecular motion is marked by the gradual formation of an intermediate state (1I) across the entire crystal from 170 to 230 °C, which then undergoes bifurcated (forward or backward rotation) and irreversible transitions to form polymorphs 1Y and 1G* at 230-235 °C. Notably, 1G* is similar to 1G but lacks gear engagement, preventing its transformation into 1Y. Nevertheless, 1G can be restored by grinding 1Y or 1G* or fuming with dichloromethane (DCM) vapor. This work illustrates the correlation between the crystal structure and solid-state molecular motion behavior and demonstrates how a 3D molecular gear system efficiently transmits thermal energy to drive the polymorphic transition and induce fluorochromism through significant conformational and packing changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hsuan Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National
Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30092, Taiwan
| | - Jye-Shane Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Moreno S, Royo D, El-Hachimi AG, Rodríguez-Castillo M, Monge M, Olmos ME, López-de-Luzuriaga JM. Vapochromic behaviour of a gold(I)-lead(II) complex as a VOC sensor. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17119-17131. [PMID: 37800283 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02000b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The reaction among [Au2Ag2(C6F5)4(OEt2)2]n, PbCl2 and terpyridine leads to the polymeric complex [{Au(C6F5)2}2{Pb(terpy)}]n (1). Its crystal structure reveals potential voids close to the lead centres large enough to hold different molecules. The availability of these free sites allows complex 1 to act as a VOC sensor. Thus, when 1 is exposed to different solvent vapours such as acetonitrile, toluene or THF, variations in its solid appearance and its photophysical properties are observed as a consequence of the formation of the new polymorphs [{Au(C6F5)2}2{Pb(terpy)(CH3CN)2}]n (2), [{Au(C6F5)2}2{Pb(terpy)}]n·Tol (3) and [{Au(C6F5)2}2{Pb(terpy)(THF)}]n·THF (4). Each polymorph displays a different emission energy depending on its structure and the presence of metallophilic interactions. In addition, the reversible solvent molecule exchange allows the tuning of the luminescence emissions in the greenish yellow-red range. DFT and TD-DFT calculations were performed to explain the origin of the luminescence of all these complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Moreno
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Complejo Científico-Tecnológico, 26006 - Logroño, Spain.
| | - David Royo
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Complejo Científico-Tecnológico, 26006 - Logroño, Spain.
| | - Abdel G El-Hachimi
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Complejo Científico-Tecnológico, 26006 - Logroño, Spain.
| | - María Rodríguez-Castillo
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Complejo Científico-Tecnológico, 26006 - Logroño, Spain.
| | - Miguel Monge
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Complejo Científico-Tecnológico, 26006 - Logroño, Spain.
| | - M Elena Olmos
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Complejo Científico-Tecnológico, 26006 - Logroño, Spain.
| | - José M López-de-Luzuriaga
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Complejo Científico-Tecnológico, 26006 - Logroño, Spain.
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Tsai C, Cheng C, Ho Y, Hsu Y, Liu Y, Peng S, Yang J. Pseudopolymorphism of a luminescent anthracene‐pentiptycene π‐system: The persistent alkyl‐pentiptycene threading mode. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202200366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia‐Ying Tsai
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chiao‐Min Cheng
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Chieh Ho
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ying‐Feng Hsu
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yi‐Hung Liu
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shie‐Ming Peng
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jye‐Shane Yang
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
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