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Yang YH, Chen YS, Chuang WT, Yang JS. Bifurcated Polymorphic Transition and Thermochromic Fluorescence of a Molecular Crystal Involving Three-Dimensional Supramolecular Gear Rotation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8131-8141. [PMID: 38471139 PMCID: PMC10979455 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The ability of molecules to move and rearrange in the solid state accounts for the polymorphic transition and stimuli-responsive properties of molecular crystals. However, how the crystal structure determines the molecular motion ability remains poorly understood. Here, we report that a three-dimensional (3D) supramolecular gear network in the green-emissive polymorph 1G of a dialkylamino-substituted anthracene-pentiptycene π-system (1) enables an unusual bifurcated polymorphic transition into a yellow-emissive polymorph (1Y) and a new green-emissive polymorph (1G*) via 3D correlated supramolecular rotation. The 90° forward correlated rotation causes the molecular conformation between the octyl and the anthracene units to change from syn to anti, the ladder-like supramolecular columns to constrict, and the gear network to disengage. This cooperative molecular motion is marked by the gradual formation of an intermediate state (1I) across the entire crystal from 170 to 230 °C, which then undergoes bifurcated (forward or backward rotation) and irreversible transitions to form polymorphs 1Y and 1G* at 230-235 °C. Notably, 1G* is similar to 1G but lacks gear engagement, preventing its transformation into 1Y. Nevertheless, 1G can be restored by grinding 1Y or 1G* or fuming with dichloromethane (DCM) vapor. This work illustrates the correlation between the crystal structure and solid-state molecular motion behavior and demonstrates how a 3D molecular gear system efficiently transmits thermal energy to drive the polymorphic transition and induce fluorochromism through significant conformational and packing changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hsuan Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National
Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30092, Taiwan
| | - Jye-Shane Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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2
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Wang CH, Busireddy MR, Huang SC, Nie H, Liu YS, Lai BY, Meng LH, Chuang WT, Scharber MC, Chen JT, Hsu CS. Phenoxy Group-Containing Asymmetric Non-Fullerene Acceptors Achieved Higher VOC over 1.0 V through Alkoxy Side-Chain Engineering for Organic Solar Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:58683-58692. [PMID: 38073043 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Alkoxy side chain engineering on the β-position of the thienothiophene units of Y6 derivatives plays a vital role in improving photovoltaic performances with simultaneously increasing open-circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF). In this work, we prepared a series of asymmetric non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) by introducing alkoxy side chains and phenoxy groups on the state-of-the-art Y6-derivative BTP-BO-4F. For the comparison, 2O-BO-4F with a symmetric alkoxy side chain on the outer thiophene units and BTP-PBO-4F with an asymmetric N-attached phenoxy alkyl chain on the pyrrole ring are synthesized from BTP-BO-4F. Thereafter, we construct four asymmetric NFAs by introducing different lengths of linear/branched alkoxy chains on the β-position of the thienothiophene units of BTP-PBO-4F. The resulting NFAs, named L10-PBO, L12-PBO, B12-PBO, and B16-PBO (L = linear and B = branched alkoxy side chains), are collectively called OR-PBO-series. Unexpectedly, all OR-PBO NFAs exhibit strong edge-on molecular packing and weaker π-π interactions in the film state, which diminish the charge transfer in organic solar cell (OSC) devices. As a consequence, the optimal devices of OR-PBO-based binary blends show poor photovoltaic performances [power conversion efficiency (PCE) = 6.52-9.62%] in comparison with 2O-BO-4F (PCE = 12.42%) and BTP-PBO-4F (PCE = 15.30%) reference blends. Nevertheless, the OR-PBO-based binary devices show a higher Voc and smaller Vloss. Especially, B12-PBO- and B16-PBO-based devices achieve Voc over 1.00 V, which is the highest value of Y-series OSC devices to the best of our knowledge. Therefore, by utilizing higher Voc of OR-PBO binary blends, B12-PBO and B16-PBO are incorporated into the PM6:BTP-PBO-4F-based binary blend and fabricated ternary devices. As a result, the PM6:BTP-PBO-4F:B12-PBO ternary device delivers the best PCE of 15.60% with an increasing Voc and FF concurrently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Hsin Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Manohar Reddy Busireddy
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Ci Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Hebing Nie
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shuo Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Yong Lai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Huan Meng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30073, Taiwan
| | - Markus C Scharber
- Linz Institute of Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, Linz 4040, Austria
| | - Jiun-Tai Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Chain-Shu Hsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
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Khan A, Kisannagar RR, Mahmood S, Chuang WT, Katiyar M, Gupta D, Lin HC. Intrinsically Stretchable Conductive Self-Healable Organogels for Strain, Pressure, Temperature, and Humidity Sensing. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:42954-42964. [PMID: 37643238 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Intrinsically stretchable conductive self-healable organogels containing poly(lipoic acid), Al3+ ion, tannic acid, and reduced graphene oxide are produced in this report. These noncovalent networks interlocked through physical (hydrogen and coordination) bonds offered high stretchabilities and mechanical strengths as well as fast self-healing behaviors. The optimum organogel-based sensor showed outstanding pressure sensitivities (0.94 kPa-1 up to 10 and 1.07 kPa-1 for 10-50 kPa) and high strain responses (corresponding gauge factors of 1.1 and 0.4 for 0-50 and 50-100% stretching ratios). This organogel also revealed high stabilities at ambient atmosphere due to the presence of binary solvents of dimethyl sulfoxide and glycerol. Additionally, this stretchable thermistor displayed remarkable two-stage sensitivities of -2.6 and -0.4%/°C ranging over 0-30 and 30-80 °C, respectively. Besides, the signal variations of water droplet addition and removal with different temperatures were recorded by the organogel sensor to elucidate the practical applicabilities as a temperature sensor. Moreover, the organogel was utilized to demonstrate humidity sensing, where individual sensitivities of 0.89 and 0.55 were obtained in the respective relative humidity ranges of 10-30 and 40-90%. In the meanwhile, the sensor device illustrated distinct humidity signals during respiration monitoring of nose and mouth breathing detection. Accordingly, these quad-functional sensor applications in strain, pressure, temperature, and humidity detection enable this gel to act as a promising material for future multifunctional flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Khan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Ravinder Reddy Kisannagar
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Sadiq Mahmood
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Monica Katiyar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Dipti Gupta
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Hong-Cheu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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Chen JR, Wei PS, Ju YR, Tsai SY, Yen PY, Kao CH, Wang YH, Chuang WT, Wu KY. Triggering the Vapochromic Behavior in C 60 via the Supramolecular Wrapping of st-PMMA. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:23593-23601. [PMID: 37157130 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the physicochemical modulation of functional molecules is the primary step in exploring novel stimuli-responsive materials, and preventing the π-π stacking configuration of π-conjugated molecules has been an effective strategy of vapochromic material development, such as of nanoporous frameworks. Nevertheless, the more complicated synthetic strategy should in fact be applied in many circumstances. In this study, we explore a facile supramolecular strategy where the commodity plastic, syndiotactic-poly(methyl methacrylate) (st-PMMA), is utilized to wrap C60 to form the inclusion complex. The structural characterization revealed that C60s in the st-PMMA supramolecular helix had a lower coordination number (CN = 2) compared to the face-centered-cubic packing of pure C60s (CN = 12). Since the st-PMMA/C60 helical complex has structural flexibility, the π-π stacking structure of C60 was further interrupted by the intercalation of toluene vapors, and the complete isolation of C60 in the complex induced the desired vapochromic behavior. Furthermore, the aromatic interaction between C60 and aromatic solvent vapors enabled the st-PMMA/C60 inclusion complex to selectively encapsulate chlorobenzene, toluene, etc., and induce the color change. The st-PMMA/C60 inclusion complex exhibited a transparent film of sufficient structural integrity such that it can still induce a reversible color change after several cycles. As a result, a new strategy has been discovered for the development of novel vapochromic materials via host-guest chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Rong Chen
- Department of Textile Engineering, University of Chinese Culture University, 55 Hwa-Kang Road, Yang-Ming-Shan, Taipei 11114, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Sin Wei
- Department of Textile Engineering, University of Chinese Culture University, 55 Hwa-Kang Road, Yang-Ming-Shan, Taipei 11114, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ru Ju
- Department of Textile Engineering, University of Chinese Culture University, 55 Hwa-Kang Road, Yang-Ming-Shan, Taipei 11114, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Yu Tsai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yuan Yen
- Department of Textile Engineering, University of Chinese Culture University, 55 Hwa-Kang Road, Yang-Ming-Shan, Taipei 11114, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Han Kao
- Department of Textile Engineering, University of Chinese Culture University, 55 Hwa-Kang Road, Yang-Ming-Shan, Taipei 11114, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Wang
- Department of Textile Engineering, University of Chinese Culture University, 55 Hwa-Kang Road, Yang-Ming-Shan, Taipei 11114, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yi Wu
- Department of Textile Engineering, University of Chinese Culture University, 55 Hwa-Kang Road, Yang-Ming-Shan, Taipei 11114, Taiwan
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5
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Wu SD, Chuang WT, Ho JC, Wu HC, Hsu SH. Self-Healing of Recombinant Spider Silk Gel and Coating. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081855. [PMID: 37112001 PMCID: PMC10141599 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-healing properties, originating from the natural healing process, are highly desirable for the fitness-enhancing functionality of biomimetic materials. Herein, we fabricated the biomimetic recombinant spider silk by genetic engineering, in which Escherichia coli (E. coli) was employed as a heterologous expression host. The self-assembled recombinant spider silk hydrogel was obtained through the dialysis process (purity > 85%). The recombinant spider silk hydrogel with a storage modulus of ~250 Pa demonstrated autonomous self-healing and high strain-sensitive properties (critical strain ~50%) at 25 °C. The in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (in situ SAXS) analyses revealed that the self-healing mechanism was associated with the stick-slip behavior of the β-sheet nanocrystals (each of ~2-4 nm) based on the slope variation (i.e., ~-0.4 at 100%/200% strains, and ~-0.9 at 1% strain) of SAXS curves in the high q-range. The self-healing phenomenon may occur through the rupture and reformation of the reversible hydrogen bonding within the β-sheet nanocrystals. Furthermore, the recombinant spider silk as a dry coating material demonstrated self-healing under humidity as well as cell affinity. The electrical conductivity of the dry silk coating was ~0.4 mS/m. Neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferated on the coated surface and showed a 2.3-fold number expansion after 3 days of culture. The biomimetic self-healing recombinant spider silk gel and thinly coated surface may have good potential in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Da Wu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Chen Ho
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Chen Wu
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan
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Chen CY, Hsieh MJ, Raj A, Peng WC, Hamaguchi HO, Chuang WT, Wang X, Wang CL. Missing Piece in Colloidal Stability─Morphological Factor of Hydrophobic Nanoparticles. Langmuir 2023; 39:2922-2931. [PMID: 36786432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic nanoparticles (NPs) in water were considered unstable because they lack the repulsive electrostatic interaction and steric effect to prevent aggregation. In this study, porous hydrophobic NPs of two star-shaped giant molecules, POSS-(R)8, were found to be stable in water and able to retain their kinetic stability in a wide range of temperatures, pH values, and ionic strengths. Unlike the solid hydrophobic NPs that aggregate even with the negative zeta potential (ζ) induced by surface-structured hydrogen-bonded (SHB) water, the porous morphology of POSS-(R)8 NPs reduces the entropically driven hydrophobic effect to prevent aggregation. With the porous morphology, the hydrophobic NPs are stable without the hydrophilic or charged surface functional groups and demonstrate good encapsulation capability. The morphological factor of colloids is thus one of the missing pieces in the theory of colloidal stability that extends our understanding of colloidal science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yi Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ju Hsieh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Ankit Raj
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Peng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Hiro-O Hamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Xiaosong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo University, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Chien-Lung Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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Li HH, Nagarajan S, Chuang WT, Tsai YW, Woo EM. Microscopic and Small-/Wide-Angle Microbeam X-ray Analyses on Dendritic Crystals in Poly(butylene succinate). Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Hua Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Selvaraj Nagarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wei Tsai
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Eamor M. Woo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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Ngan VTT, Chiou PY, Ilhami FB, Bayle EA, Shieh YT, Chuang WT, Chen JK, Lai JY, Cheng CC. A CO 2-Responsive Imidazole-Functionalized Fluorescent Material Mediates Cancer Chemotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020354. [PMID: 36839677 PMCID: PMC9959563 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a breakthrough in the synthesis and development of functional gas-responsive materials as highly potent anticancer agents suitable for applications in cancer treatment. Herein, we successfully synthesised a stimuli-responsive multifunctional material (I-R6G) consisting of a carbon dioxide (CO2)-sensitive imidazole moiety and spirolactam-containing conjugated rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecule. The resulting I-R6G is highly hydrophobic and non- or weakly fluorescent. Simple CO2 bubbling treatment induces hydrophobic I-R6G to completely dissolve in water and subsequently form self-assembled nanoparticles, which exhibit unique optical absorption and fluorescence behaviours in water and extremely low haemolytic ability against sheep red blood cells. Reversibility testing indicated that I-R6G undergoes reversible CO2/nitrogen (N2)-dependent stimulation in water, as its structural and physical properties can be reversibly and stably switched by alternating cycles of CO2 and N2 bubbling. Importantly, in vitro cellular assays clearly demonstrated that the CO2-protonated imidazole moiety promotes rapid internalisation of CO2-treated I-R6G into cancer cells, which subsequently induces massive levels of necrotic cell death. In contrast, CO2-treated I-R6G was not internalised and did not affect the viability of normal cells. Therefore, this newly created system may provide an innovative and efficient route to remarkably improve the selectivity, safety and efficacy of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vo Thuy Thien Ngan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yen Chiou
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Fasih Bintang Ilhami
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Enyew Alemayehu Bayle
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Yeong-Tarng Shieh
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Jem-Kun Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Juin-Yih Lai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- R & D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chungli, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chia Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Li MC, Sato M, Chen FC, Chuang WT, Hirai T, Takahara A, Ho RM. Circular Polarization Luminescence of Groove Anchor Driving Optically Active Poly(methyl methacrylate) Stereocomplexes. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:1306-1311. [DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chia Li
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, China
| | - Masanao Sato
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Fa-Chung Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, China
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan, China
| | - Tomoyasu Hirai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka, 535-8585, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahara
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Rong-Ming Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, China
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Lin IM, Hsu CC, Yu TC, Kuo SW, Chuang WT, Chiang YW. Propagatable Hierarchical Architectures from Dispersive Fragments to Periodic Nanosheets within Phase-Separated Nanostructures by Controlling Guest–Host Interaction. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I-Ming Lin
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chiang Hsu
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chun Yu
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yeo-Wan Chiang
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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Busireddy MR, Chen TW, Huang SC, Su YJ, Wang YM, Chuang WT, Chen JT, Hsu CS. PBDB-T-Based Binary-OSCs Achieving over 15.83% Efficiency via End-Group Functionalization and Alkyl-Chain Engineering of Quinoxaline-Containing Non-Fullerene Acceptors. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:41264-41274. [PMID: 36041037 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular backbone modification, alkyl-chain engineering, and end-group functionalization are promising strategies for developing efficient high-performance non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). Herein, two new NFAs, named TPQ-eC7-4F and TPQ-eC7-4Cl, are designed and synthesized. Both molecules have linear octyl chains on fused quinoxaline-containing heterocyclics as the central backbone and difluorinated (2F)/dichlorinated (2Cl) 1,1-dicyanomethylene-3-indanone (IC) as the end-group units. The influences of alkyl-chains on fused quinoxaline backbone and different halogenated end-groups on optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic performances of organic solar cells (OSCs) are studied. In comparison with TPQ-eC7-4Cl, TPQ-eC7-4F exhibits blue-shifted absorptions with higher molar extinction coefficients in the film state as well as in the donor/acceptor (D/A) blend film state and up-shifting lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level. As a result, the OSC devices based on the PBDB-T:TPQ-eC7-4F display an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.83% with a simultaneously increased open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.85 V, a short-circuit current-density (Jsc) of 25.89 mA cm-2, and a fill factor (FF) of 72.20%, whereas the PBDB-T:TPQ-eC7-4Cl-based OSC device shows a decent PCE of 14.48% with a Voc of 0.84 V, a Jsc of 24.56 mA/cm2, and an FF of 69.77%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest photovoltaic performance of PBDB-T-based single-junction binary-OSCs. In comparison, ascribed to the high crystallinity and low solubility of BTP-eC7-4Cl, the corresponding PBDB-T:BTP-eC7-4Cl-based OSC device shows poor photovoltaic performance (PCE of 11.87%). The experimental results demonstrate that fine-tuning the fused quinoxaline backbone with alkyl-chain and end-group functionalization are promising strategies to construct high-performance NFAs for PBDB-T-based single-junction binary-OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manohar Reddy Busireddy
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Wei Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Ci Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jia Su
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Tai Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chain-Shu Hsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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12
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Liu YC, Lin JT, Lee YL, Hung CM, Chou TC, Chao WC, Huang ZX, Chiang TH, Chiu CW, Chuang WT, Chou PT. Recognizing the Importance of Fast Nonisothermal Crystallization for High-Performance Two-Dimensional Dion-Jacobson Perovskite Solar Cells with High Fill Factors: A Comprehensive Mechanistic Study. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14897-14906. [PMID: 35924834 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) Dion-Jacobson (DJ) perovskite solar cells (PSCs), despite their advantage in versatility of n-layer variation, are subject to poor photovoltaic efficiency, particularly in the fill factor (FF), compared to their three-dimensional counterparts. To enhance the performance of DJ PSCs, the process of growing crystals and hence the corresponding morphology of DJ perovskites are of prime importance. Herein, we report the fast nonisothermal (NIT) crystallization protocol that is previously unrecognized for 2D perovskites to significantly improve the morphology, orientation, and charge transport of the DJ perovskite films. Comprehensive mechanistic studies reveal that the NIT effect leads to the secondary crystallization stage, forming network-like channels that play a vital role in the FF's leap-forward improvement and hence the DJ PSC's performance. As a whole, the NIT crystallized PSCs demonstrate a high power conversion efficiency and an FF of up to 19.87 and 86.16%, respectively. This research thus provides new perspectives to achieve highly efficient DJ PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Tai Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Lin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Ming Hung
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Che Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Chao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Xuan Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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13
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Chen Y, Chang HY, Lee MT, Yang ZR, Wang CH, Wu KY, Chuang WT, Wang CL. Dual-Axis Alignment of Bulk Artificial Water Channels by Directional Water-Induced Self-Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7768-7777. [PMID: 35417167 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Approaching single-crystal-like morphology has always been important in driving materials toward their optimal properties. With only orientational order, liquid crystal (LC) materials require dual-axis orientational control to optimize their structural order in the bulk phase. However, current external guiding fields such as electrical, magnetic, and mechanical guiding fields are less effective in aligning amphiphilic LCs. In this study, water is developed as an excellent structural stabilizer and orientation-directing agent of an amphiphilic discotic molecule (AD) in the water-induced self-assembly (WISA) process. Thermal analysis and structural characterization results show that water increases the stability and domain sizes of the hexagonal columnar (Colh) phase of the AD by co-assembling with the ADs to form bulk artificial water channels (AWCs). Moreover, through control over the nucleation conditions (degree of supercooling and location of nucleation), dual-axis alignment in both the planar and vertical growth of the AWCs is achieved by applying water as the guiding field in the directional WISA. With precise control over the hierarchical structures, the bulk AWC array of the AD delivers excellent salt rejection properties and water permeability. Considering that all the amphiphilic LCs have hydrophilic segments, these new roles of water in the WISA process could launch the further development of functional amphiphilic LCs by providing a dynamic interaction and a readily available guiding field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Yen Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Tzu Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Zong-Ren Yang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yi Wu
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chinese Culture University, 55 Hwa-Kang Road, Yang-Ming-Shan, Taipei 11114, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Lung Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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14
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Abstract
The strain-stiffening and self-healing capabilities of biological tissues enable them to preserve the structures and functions from deformation and damage. However, biodegradable hydrogel materials with both of these biomimetic characteristics have not been explored. Here, a series of strain-stiffened, self-healing hydrogels are developed through dynamic imine crosslinking of semiflexible O-carboxymethyl chitosan (main chain) and flexible dibenzaldehyde-terminated telechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (crosslinker). The biomimetic hydrogels can be reversibly stiffened to resist the deformation and can even recover to their original state after repeated damages. The mechanical properties and stiffening responses of the hydrogels are tailored by varying the component contents (1-3%) and the crosslinker length (4 or 8 kDa). A combinatorial system of in situ coherent small-angle X-ray scattering with rheological testing is developed to investigate the network structures (in sizes 1.5-160 nm) of hydrogels under shear strains and reveals that the strain-stiffening originates from the fibrous chitosan network with poly(ethylene glycol) crosslinking fixation. The biomimetic hydrogels with biocompatibility and biodegradability promote wound healing. The study provides an insight into the nanoscale design of biomimetic strain-stiffening self-healing hydrogels for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617, R.O.C
| | - Shih-Ho Lin
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30076, R.O.C
| | - Niann-Tzyy Dai
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan 11490, R.O.C
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617, R.O.C
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan 35053, R.O.C
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15
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Khan A, Ahmed S, Sun BY, Chen YC, Chuang WT, Chan YH, Gupta D, Wu PW, Lin HC. Self-healable and anti-freezing ion conducting hydrogel-based artificial bioelectronic tongue sensing toward astringent and bitter tastes. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 198:113811. [PMID: 34823963 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Numerous efforts have been attempted to mimic human tongue since years. However, they still have limitations because of damages, temperature effects, detection ranges etc. Herein, a self-healable hydrogel-based artificial bioelectronic tongue (E-tongue) containing mucin as a secreted protein, sodium chloride as an ion transporting electrolyte, and chitosan/poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) as the main 3D structure holding hydrogel network is synthesized. This E-tongue is introduced to mimic astringent and bitter mouth feel based on cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements subjected to target substances, which permits astringent tannic acid (TA) and bitter quinine sulfate (QS) to be detected over wide corresponding ranges of 29.3 mM-0.59 μM and 63.8 mM-6.38 μM with remarkable respective sensitivities of 0.2 and 0.12 wt%-1. Besides, the taste selectivity of this E-tongue is performed in the presence of various mixed-taste chemicals to show its high selective behavior toward bitter and astringent chemicals. The electrical self-healability is shown via CV responses to illustrate electrical recovery within a short time span. In addition, cytotoxicity tests using HeLa cells are performed, where a clear viability of ≥95% verified its biocompatibility. The anti-freezing sensing of E-tongue tastes at -5 °C also makes this work to be useful at sub-zero environments. Real time degrees of tastes are detected using beverages and fruits to confirm future potential applications in food taste detections and humanoid robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Khan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Shahzad Ahmed
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Yao Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | | | - Yang-Hsiang Chan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Dipti Gupta
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India
| | - Pu-Wei Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Cheu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan; Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
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16
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Shi ZH, Hsu FM, Mansel BW, Chen HL, Fruk L, Chuang WT, Hung YC. Kinetics and Mechanism of In Situ Metallization of Bulk DNA Films. Nanoscale Res Lett 2022; 17:18. [PMID: 35072827 PMCID: PMC8787019 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-022-03658-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
DNA-templated metallization is broadly investigated in the fabrication of metallic structures by virtue of the unique DNA-metal ion interaction. However, current DNA-templated synthesis is primarily carried out based on pure DNA in an aqueous solution. In this study, we present in situ synthesis of metallic structures in a natural DNA complex bulk film by UV light irradiation, where the growth of silver particles is resolved by in situ time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering and dielectric spectroscopy. Our studies provide physical insights into the kinetics and mechanisms of natural DNA metallization, in correlation with the multi-stage switching operations in the bulk phase, paving the way towards the development of versatile biomaterial composites with tunable physical properties for optical storage, plasmonics, and catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hao Shi
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Ming Hsu
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu, Taiwan
| | - Bradley W Mansel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu, Taiwan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsin Chu, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Lung Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu, Taiwan
| | - Ljiljana Fruk
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, London, UK
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsin Chu, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chueh Hung
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu, Taiwan.
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17
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Huang YJ, Chen YF, Hsiao PH, Lam TN, Ko WC, Luo MY, Chuang WT, Su CJ, Chang JH, Chung CF, Huang EW. In-Situ Synchrotron SAXS and WAXS Investigation on the Deformation of Single and Coaxial Electrospun P(VDF-TrFE)-Based Nanofibers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12669. [PMID: 34884475 PMCID: PMC8657938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coaxial core/shell electrospun nanofibers consisting of ferroelectric P(VDF-TrFE) and relaxor ferroelectric P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) are tailor-made with hierarchical structures to modulate their mechanical properties with respect to their constituents. Compared with two single and the other coaxial membranes prepared in the research, the core/shell-TrFE/CTFE membrane shows a more prominent mechanical anisotropy between revolving direction (RD) and cross direction (CD) associated with improved resistance to tensile stress for the crystallite phase stability and good strength-ductility balance. This is due to the better degree of core/shell-TrFE-CTFE nanofiber alignment and the crystalline/amorphous ratio. The coupling between terpolymer P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) and copolymer P(VDF-TrFE) is responsible for phase stabilization, comparing the core/shell-TrFE/CTFE with the pristine terpolymer. Moreover, an impressive collective deformation mechanism of a two-length scale in the core/shell composite structure is found. We apply in-situ synchrotron X-ray to resolve the two-length scale simultaneously by using the small-angle X-ray scattering to characterize the nanofibers and the wide-angle X-ray diffraction to identify the phase transformations. Our findings may serve as guidelines for the fabrication of the electrospun nanofibers used as membranes-based electroactive polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jen Huang
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Fan Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Po-Han Hsiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (P.-H.H.); (M.-Y.L.); (E.-W.H.)
| | - Tu-Ngoc Lam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (P.-H.H.); (M.-Y.L.); (E.-W.H.)
- Department of Physics, College of Education, Can Tho University, Can Tho City 900000, Vietnam
| | - Wen-Ching Ko
- Central Region Campus, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Nantou 54041, Taiwan;
| | - Mao-Yuan Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (P.-H.H.); (M.-Y.L.); (E.-W.H.)
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan; (W.-T.C.); (C.-J.S.)
| | - Chun-Jen Su
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan; (W.-T.C.); (C.-J.S.)
| | - Jen-Hao Chang
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan;
| | - Cho Fan Chung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - E-Wen Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (P.-H.H.); (M.-Y.L.); (E.-W.H.)
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18
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Chang HY, Wu KY, Chen WC, Weng JT, Chen CY, Raj A, Hamaguchi HO, Chuang WT, Wang X, Wang CL. Water-Induced Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Discotic Molecules for Adaptive Artificial Water Channels. ACS Nano 2021; 15:14885-14890. [PMID: 34410689 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the induced-fit mechanism in nature, we developed the process of water-induced self-assembly (WISA) to make water an active substrate that regulates the self-assembly and function of amphiphilic discotic molecules (ADMs). The ADM is an isotropic liquid that self-assembles only when in contact with water. Characterization results indicate that water fits into the hydrophilic core of the ADMs and induces the formation of a hexagonal columnar phase (Colh), where each column contains a hydrated artificial water channel (AWC). The hydrated AWCs are adaptive rather than static; the dynamic incorporation/removal of water results in the reversible assembly/disassembly of the adaptive AWCs (aAWCs). Furthermore, its dynamic characteristics can enable water to act as an orientation-directional guest molecule that controls the growth direction of the aAWCs. Well-aligned aAWC arrays that showed the ability of water transport were obtained via a "directional WISA" method. In WISA, water thus governs the supramolecular chemistry and function of synthetic molecules as it does with natural materials. By making water an active component in adaptive chemistry and enabling host molecules to dynamically interact with water, this adaptive aquatic material may motivate the development of synthetic molecules further toward biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Yen Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yi Wu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ting Weng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yi Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Ankit Raj
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Hiro-O Hamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Xiaosong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Chien-Lung Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
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19
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Chou CM, Chuang WT, Hong PD. Transient domain structure of coalescence-induced self-organization in droplet phase separation. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2021. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767321091157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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20
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Chuang WT. Biomimetic strategies for 4.0 V all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor: moving toward eco-friendly, safe, aesthetic and high-performance devices. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2021. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767321086293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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21
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Su BK, Wei YC, Chuang WT, Weng SC, Wang SF, Chen DG, Huang ZX, Chi Y, Chou PT. The Observation of Interchain Motion in Self-Assembled Crystalline Platinum(II) Complexes: An Exquisite Case but By No Means the Only One in Molecular Solids. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7482-7489. [PMID: 34342467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In organic and organometallic solids, upon electronic excitation, most intermolecular structural relaxations follow a pathway along the π-π stacking direction or metal-metal bond with significant coupling strength. Differently, we discovered that the self-assembled platinum(II) complexes, Pt(fppz)2, exhibit an unusual interchain contraction. The ground-state and excited-state multiple local minima were distinguished by temperature-dependent excitation/emission spectra, indicating the existence of multiple local minima. The time-resolved emission decay revealed the excited-state structural relaxation lifetime with τobs = 41 ns at 298 K. Temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the packing geometries contract 0.6 Å along the interchain direction (a-axis) at 50 K compared to the geometries at 298 K. Such structural displacements render the slow internal conversion rate in the excited states. We thus demonstrate the correlation between the packing geometries and the excited-state dynamics of the self-assembled Pt(II) complexes, shedding light on the unique direction of interchain structural deformation of the molecular aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Kang Su
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Wei
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chang Weng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Fu Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Deng-Gao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Xuan Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yun Chi
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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22
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Liao YH, Nagarajan S, Woo EM, Chuang WT, Tsai YW. Synchrotron X-Ray Analysis and Morphology Evidence for Stereo-Assemblies of Periodic Aggregates in Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) with Unusual Photonic Iridescence. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100281. [PMID: 34145924 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
3D morphology of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), crystallized in the presence of diluents of poly(1,3-trimethylene adipate) and poly(ethylene oxide), is probed using a novel approach coupled with selective etching. For interpreting the mechanisms of crystal periodic aggregation, various microscopic techniques and synchrotron microbeam X-ray analysis are used to observe the top surface in connection with the 3D crystal assemblies. Periodic grating architectures, with the cross-bar pitch exactly matching with the optical band spacing, are proved in banded PHB. The crystals under the ridge branch out to spawn finer crystals orienting/bending horizontally underneath the valley band, repeating till species drainage or impingement. The grating structure in the banded PHB resembles many nature's iridescence crystals and is further proved by photonic reflection results as a critical breakthrough novel finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Selvaraj Nagarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Eamor M Woo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wei Tsai
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
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23
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Abstract
Cryogels are matrices that are formed in moderately frozen solutions of monomeric or polymeric precursors. They have the advantages of interconnected macropores, structural stability, and compressibility. Meanwhile, thermally induced shape memory is an attractive feature of certain functional materials. Although there have been several studies concerning shape-memory cryogels, little work has been conducted on shape-memory cryogels with biodegradability. In this study, a water-based biodegradable difunctional polyurethane with a shape-memory property was synthesized and used as the nanoparticulate crosslinker to react with chitosan to form a shape-memory cryogel. The thermally induced shape-memory mechanism was clarified using in situ wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) during the shape-memory process. The in situ WAXS showed the changes of crystallinity in the crosslinker and the cryogel during the shape fixation and recovery processes. The in situ SAXS revealed the orientation of crystallinity of the crosslinker and the cryogel as the mechanism for shape memory. The strip-shape cryogel was deformed at 50 °C to U-shape and fixed at - 20 °C, which was squeezable at 25 °C and returned to the strip-shape at 50 °C in air. The shape recovery was further tested in water at two different temperatures. The injected cryogel recovered the U-shape in 4 °C water, representing elastic recovery, and transformed to a long strip in 37 °C water, representing the switchable shape memory. Moreover, the shape-memory cryogel sheet with a large dimension (10 mm × 10 mm × 1.1 mm cryogel sheet) or with complex structures (N, T, and U shapes) could be fixed as a rod, injected through a 16 G needle, and return to its original shape in 37 °C water, all of which could not be achieved by the conventional cryogel. Human mesenchymal stem cells grown in the shape-memory cryogel scaffolds displayed long-term proliferation and chondrogenic potential. Their unique injectability and cytocompatibility suggested potential applications of shape-memory cryogels as injectable and expandable templates for tissue engineering and minimally invasive surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yu Fu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei Taiwan 10617, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30076, Republic of China
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei Taiwan 10617, Republic of China
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24
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Lin CM, Dwivedi AK, Chuang WT, Lin HC. Hierarchical self-assembly of supramolecular polymer complexes mediated by various generations of bent-core mesogenic dendrimers hydrogen-bonded with triblock copolymer. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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25
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Vishnevskiy AS, Naumov S, Seregin DS, Wu YH, Chuang WT, Rasadujjaman M, Zhang J, Leu J, Vorotilov KA, Baklanov MR. Effects of Methyl Terminal and Carbon Bridging Groups Ratio on Critical Properties of Porous Organosilicate-Glass Films. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:ma13204484. [PMID: 33050395 PMCID: PMC7601386 DOI: 10.3390/ma13204484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Organosilicate glass-based porous low dielectic constant films with different ratios of terminal methyl to bridging organic (methylene, ethylene and 1,4-phenylene) groups are spin-on deposited by using a mixture of alkylenesiloxane with organic bridges and methyltrimethoxysilane, followed by soft baking at 120-200 °C and curing at 430 °C. The films' porosity was controlled by using sacrificial template Brij® L4. Changes of the films' refractive indices, mechanical properties, k-values, porosity and pore structure versus chemical composition of the film's matrix are evaluated and compared with methyl-terminated low-k materials. The chemical resistance of the films to annealing in oxygen-containing atmosphere is evaluated by using density functional theory (DFT). It is found that the introduction of bridging groups changes their porosity and pore structure, increases Young's modulus, but the improvement of mechanical properties happens simultaneously with the increase in the refractive index and k-value. The 1,4-phenylene bridging groups have the strongest impact on the films' properties. Mechanisms of oxidative degradation of carbon bridges are studied and it is shown that 1,4-phenylene-bridged films have the highest stability. Methylene- and ethylene-bridged films are less stable but methylene-bridged films show slightly higher stability than ethylene-bridged films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey S. Vishnevskiy
- Research and Education Center “Technological Center”, MIREA—Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA), 119454 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.S.); (K.A.V.); (M.R.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sergej Naumov
- The Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), 04318 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Dmitry S. Seregin
- Research and Education Center “Technological Center”, MIREA—Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA), 119454 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.S.); (K.A.V.); (M.R.B.)
| | - Yu-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30049, Taiwan; (Y.-H.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan;
| | - Md Rasadujjaman
- Department of Microelectronics, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China; (M.R.); (J.Z.)
- Department of Physics, Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, Gazipur 1707, Bangladesh
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Microelectronics, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China; (M.R.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jihperng Leu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30049, Taiwan; (Y.-H.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Konstantin A. Vorotilov
- Research and Education Center “Technological Center”, MIREA—Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA), 119454 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.S.); (K.A.V.); (M.R.B.)
| | - Mikhail R. Baklanov
- Research and Education Center “Technological Center”, MIREA—Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA), 119454 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.S.); (K.A.V.); (M.R.B.)
- Department of Microelectronics, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China; (M.R.); (J.Z.)
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26
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Lin JT, Hu YK, Hou CH, Liao CC, Chuang WT, Chiu CW, Tsai MK, Shyue JJ, Chou PT. Superior Stability and Emission Quantum Yield (23% ± 3%) of Single-Layer 2D Tin Perovskite TEA 2 SnI 4 via Thiocyanate Passivation. Small 2020; 16:e2000903. [PMID: 32309909 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202000903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Tin-based perovskite, which exhibits narrower bandgap and comparable photophysical properties to its lead analogs, is one of the most forward-looking lead-free semiconductor materials. However, the poor oxidative stability of tin perovskite hinders the development toward practical application. In this work, the effect of pseudohalide anions on the stability and emission properties of single-layer 2D tin perovskite nanoplates with chemical formula TEA2 SnI4 (TEA = 2-thiophene-ethylammonium) is reported. The results reveal that ammonium thiocyanate (NH4 SCN) is the most effective additive in enhancing the stability and photoluminescence quantum yield of 2D TEA2 SnI4 (23 ± 3%). X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopic investigations on the thiocyanate passivated TEA2 SnI4 nanoplate show less than a 1% increase of Sn4+ signal upon 30 min exposure to air under ambient conditions (298 K, humidity ≈70%). Furthermore, no noticeable decrease in emission intensity of the nanoplate is observed after 20 h in air. The SCN- passivation during the growth stage of TEA2 SnI4 is proposed to play a crucial role in preventing the oxidation of Sn2+ and hence boosts both stability and photoluminescence yield of tin perovskite nanoplates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tai Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kai Hu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hung Hou
- Research Center for Applied Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Cheng Liao
- Department of Chemistry, Nation Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Kang Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, Nation Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jong Shyue
- Research Center for Applied Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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27
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Abstract
The facet-dependent electrical conductivity properties of silicon wafers result from significant band structure differences and variations in bond length, bond geometry, and frontier orbital electron distribution between the metal-like and semiconducting planes of silicon. To further understand the emergence of conductivity facet effects, electrochemical impedance measurements were conducted on intrinsic Si {100}, {110}, and {111} wafers. The attempt-to-escape frequency, obtained from temperature-dependent capacitance versus applied frequency curves, and other parameters derived from typical semiconductor property measurements were used to construct a diagram of the trap energy level (Et) and the amount of trap states Nt(Et). The trap states are located 0.61-0.72 eV above the silicon conduction band. Compared to {100} and {110} wafers, Si {111} wafer shows far less densities of trap states over the range of -0.2 to 2 V. Since these trap states inhibit direct electron excitation to the conduction band, the {111} wafer having much fewer trap states presents the best electrical conductivity property. Impedance data also provide facet-specific carrier lifetimes. The {111} surface gives consistently the lowest carrier lifetime, which reflects its high electrical conductivity. Lastly, ultraviolet photoelectron spectra and diffuse reflectance spectra were taken to obtain Schottky barriers between Ag and contacting Si wafers. The most conductive {111} surface presenting the largest Schottky barrier means the degrees of surface band bending used to explain facet-dependent electrical behaviors cannot be reliably attained this way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Shan Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yicheng Zhao
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rong-Hao Guo
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Juann Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Michael H Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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28
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Lin YJ, Chuang WT, Hsu SH. Gelation Mechanism and Structural Dynamics of Chitosan Self-Healing Hydrogels by In Situ SAXS and Coherent X-ray Scattering. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:1449-1455. [PMID: 35651177 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Self-healing hydrogels with intrinsic self-healing ability, injectability, and biocompatibility have good potential in biomedical applications. The relevance between the self-healing ability and inner structure of hydrogels, however, has rarely been examined. The design criteria of self-healing hydrogels remain to be established. In this study, we utilized in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (in situ SAXS) and coherent X-ray scattering (CXS) to analyze the dynamics and gelation mechanism of three types of chitosan-based self-healing hydrogels with different dynamic interactions. In situ SAXS revealed the nucleation and growth mechanism for the gelling process, which has not been reported in a system of self-healing hydrogels. The critical nucleation radius (CNR) with different interactions could further influence the gelation rate and self-healing ability. Moreover, the continuous time-resolved CXS profile unveiled the dynamic behavior of different self-healing hydrogels in mesoscale, supported by rheological experiments. Information linking the rheological properties and structural changes could be useful in designing self-healing hydrogels for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Lin
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shan-hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
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29
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Chen TW, Chang CC, Hsiao YT, Chan C, Hong L, Zhong L, Chuang WT, Hou J, Li Y, Hsu CS. Single-Junction Organic Solar Cell Containing a Fluorinated Heptacyclic Carbazole-Based Ladder-Type Acceptor Affords over 13% Efficiency with Solution-Processed Cross-Linkable Fullerene as an Interfacial Layer. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:31069-31077. [PMID: 31368298 DOI: 10.1039/c9qm00005d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this article, a fluorinated heptacyclic dithienocyclopentacarbazole (DTC)-based non-fullerene acceptor (NFA), DTC(4Ph)-4FIC, is synthesized and blended with J71, PBDB-T, and PBDB-TF, featuring complementary absorption and well-matched energy levels. The DTC(4Ph)-4FIC neat film exhibits face-on preference, whereas the nonfluorinated counterpart, DTC(4Ph)-IC, exhibits edge-on preference; this unique feature owing to fluorination in DTC-based NFAs is observed for the first time. More importantly, DTC(4Ph)-4FIC exhibits improved power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 10.92 and 10.41% in J71- and PBDB-T-containing devices, while the devices that employed DTC(4Ph)-IC afford PCEs of 7.76 and 9.48%, respectively. Because PBDB-TF is known to exhibit lower energy levels than J71 and PBDB-T, the corresponding device affords a VOC of 0.95 V, a JSC of 18.29 mA cm-2, a FF of 75.70%, and a PCE of 13.15%, which is 20 and 26% higher than J71- and PBDB-T-containing devices. Furthermore, the inverted device containing the PBDB-TF:DTC(4Ph)-4FIC blend is fabricated using cross-linkable fullerene (C-PCBSD) as the cathode interlayer, affording a decent PCE of 13.36%, with a VOC of 0.94 V, a JSC of 20.20 mA cm-2, and a FF of 70.42%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ling Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Lian Zhong
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , 101 Hsin-Ann Road , Hsinchu 30076 , Taiwan
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Yongfang Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
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30
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Chen TW, Chang CC, Hsiao YT, Chan C, Hong L, Zhong L, Chuang WT, Hou J, Li Y, Hsu CS. Single-Junction Organic Solar Cell Containing a Fluorinated Heptacyclic Carbazole-Based Ladder-Type Acceptor Affords over 13% Efficiency with Solution-Processed Cross-Linkable Fullerene as an Interfacial Layer. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:31069-31077. [PMID: 31368298 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b09044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this article, a fluorinated heptacyclic dithienocyclopentacarbazole (DTC)-based non-fullerene acceptor (NFA), DTC(4Ph)-4FIC, is synthesized and blended with J71, PBDB-T, and PBDB-TF, featuring complementary absorption and well-matched energy levels. The DTC(4Ph)-4FIC neat film exhibits face-on preference, whereas the nonfluorinated counterpart, DTC(4Ph)-IC, exhibits edge-on preference; this unique feature owing to fluorination in DTC-based NFAs is observed for the first time. More importantly, DTC(4Ph)-4FIC exhibits improved power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 10.92 and 10.41% in J71- and PBDB-T-containing devices, while the devices that employed DTC(4Ph)-IC afford PCEs of 7.76 and 9.48%, respectively. Because PBDB-TF is known to exhibit lower energy levels than J71 and PBDB-T, the corresponding device affords a VOC of 0.95 V, a JSC of 18.29 mA cm-2, a FF of 75.70%, and a PCE of 13.15%, which is 20 and 26% higher than J71- and PBDB-T-containing devices. Furthermore, the inverted device containing the PBDB-TF:DTC(4Ph)-4FIC blend is fabricated using cross-linkable fullerene (C-PCBSD) as the cathode interlayer, affording a decent PCE of 13.36%, with a VOC of 0.94 V, a JSC of 20.20 mA cm-2, and a FF of 70.42%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ling Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Lian Zhong
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , 101 Hsin-Ann Road , Hsinchu 30076 , Taiwan
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Yongfang Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
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31
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Lu KY, Wang HF, Lin JW, Chuang WT, Georgopanos P, Avgeropoulos A, Shi AC, Ho RM. Self-Alignment of Cylinder-Forming Silicon-Containing Block Copolymer Films. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yuan Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsiao-Fang Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jheng-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron
Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Prokopios Georgopanos
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Apostolos Avgeropoulos
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - An-Chang Shi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Rong-Ming Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C
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32
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Blamires SJ, Nobbs M, Martens PJ, Tso IM, Chuang WT, Chang CK, Sheu HS. Multiscale mechanisms of nutritionally induced property variation in spider silks. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192005. [PMID: 29390013 PMCID: PMC5794138 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Variability in spider major ampullate (MA) silk properties at different scales has proven difficult to determine and remains an obstacle to the development of synthetic fibers mimicking MA silk performance. A multitude of techniques may be used to measure multiscale aspects of silk properties. Here we fed five species of Araneoid spider solutions that either contained protein or were protein deprived and performed silk tensile tests, small and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS), amino acid composition analyses, and silk gene expression analyses, to resolve persistent questions about how nutrient deprivation induces variations in MA silk mechanical properties across scales. Our analyses found that the properties of each spider's silk varied differently in response to variations in their protein intake. We found changes in the crystalline and non-crystalline nanostructures to play specific roles in inducing the property variations we found. Across treatment MaSp expression patterns differed in each of the five species. We found that in most species MaSp expression and amino acid composition variations did not conform with our predictions based on a traditional MaSp expression model. In general, changes to the silk's alanine and proline compositions influenced the alignment of the proteins within the silk's amorphous region, which influenced silk extensibility and toughness. Variations in structural alignment in the crystalline and non-crystalline regions influenced ultimate strength independent of genetic expression. Our study provides the deepest insights thus far into the mechanisms of how MA silk properties vary from gene expression to nanostructure formations to fiber mechanics. Such knowledge is imperative for promoting the production of synthetic silk fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean J. Blamires
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences D26, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Madeleine Nobbs
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences D26, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Penny J. Martens
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Samuels Building F25, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - I-Min Tso
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chung-Kai Chang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hwo-Shuenn Sheu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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33
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Lin FJ, Lin SD, Chin CH, Chuang WT, Hsu CS. Novel conjugated polymers based on bis-dithieno[3,2-b;2′,3′-d]pyrrole vinylene donor and diketopyrrolopyrrole acceptor: side chain engineering in organic field effect transistors. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01340j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Novel bulky and rigid vinyl-donor–DPP acceptor (D–A) polymers, poly[dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole vinylene dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrolediketopyrrolopyrrole] (PB(DTP)V-DPP) were synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ju Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center
| | - Song-Di Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Chin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
| | | | - Chain-Shu Hsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
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34
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Ide S, Orujalipoor I, Chuang WT, Jeng US, Özcan Y, Türkeş T. Nanoscale structural analyses on Turkey/Taiwan originated spider cocoons. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273317082201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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35
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Chuang WT, Sun YS, Jeng US, Chiang YW. Live templates for synthesis of mesoporous TiO 2
via guest exchange. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1107/s205327331709115x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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36
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Lin FJ, Guo C, Chuang WT, Wang CL, Wang Q, Liu H, Hsu CS, Jiang L. Directional Solution Coating by the Chinese Brush: A Facile Approach to Improving Molecular Alignment for High-Performance Polymer TFTs. Adv Mater 2017; 29. [PMID: 28692756 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201606987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Directional solution coating by the Chinese brush provides a facile approach to fabricate highly oriented polymer thin films by finely controlling the wetting and dewetting processes under directional stress. The biggest advantage of the Chinese brush over the normal western brush is the freshly emergent hairs used, whose unique tapered structure renders a dynamic balance of the liquid within the brush by multiple forces when interacting with the liquid. Consequently, the liquid is steadily held within the brush without any unexpected leakage, making the liquid transfer proceed in a well-controllable manner. It is demonstrated that the Chinese brush coating enables the crystallization of the polymer and the self-assembly of conjugated backbones to proceed in a quasi-steady state via a certain direction, which is attributed to the controllable receding of the three-phase contact line during the dewetting process by the multiple parallel freshly emergent hairs. The as-prepared polymer thin films exhibit over six times higher charge-carrier mobility compared to the spin-coated films, which therefore provides a general approach for high-performance organic thin-film transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ju Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30029, Taiwan
| | - Cheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Lung Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30029, Taiwan
| | - Qianbin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chain-Shu Hsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30029, Taiwan
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
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37
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Wang HF, Chiang CH, Hsu WC, Wen T, Chuang WT, Lotz B, Li MC, Ho RM. Handedness of Twisted Lamella in Banded Spherulite of Chiral Polylactides and Their Blends. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Fang Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hung Chiang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Hsu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tao Wen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron
Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Bernard Lotz
- Institut
Charles Sadron, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 23, Rue
du Lœss, F67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ming-Chia Li
- Department
of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Ming Ho
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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38
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Chien YC, Chuang WT, Jeng US, Hsu SH. Preparation, Characterization, and Mechanism for Biodegradable and Biocompatible Polyurethane Shape Memory Elastomers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:5419-5429. [PMID: 28165708 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b11993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Thermally induced shape memory is an attractive feature of certain functional materials. Among the shape memory polymers, shape memory elastomers (SMEs) especially those with biodegradability have great potential in the biomedical field. In this study, we prepared waterborne biodegradable polyurethane SME based on poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) oligodiol and poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) oligodiol as the mixed soft segments. The ratio of the soft segments in polyurethanes was optimized for shape memory behavior. The thermally induced shape memory mechanism of the series of polyurethanes was clarified using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). In particular, the in situ SAXS measurements combined with shape deformation processes were employed to examine the stretch-induced (oriented) crystalline structure of the polyurethanes and to elucidate the unique mechanism for shape memory properties. The polyurethane with optimized PLLA crystalline segments showed a diamond-shape two-dimensional SAXS pattern after being stretched, which gave rise to better shape fixing and shape recovery. The shape memory behavior was further tested in 37 °C water. The biodegradable polyurethane comprising 38 wt % PCL segments and 25 wt % PLLA segments and synthesized at a relatively lower temperature by the waterborne procedure showed ∼100% shape recovery in 37 °C water. The biodegradable polyurethane SME also demonstrated good endothelial cell viability as well as low platelet adhesion/activation. We conclude that the waterborne biodegradable polyurethane SME possesses a unique thermally induced shape memory mechanism and may have potential applications in making shape memory biodegradable stents or scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Chien
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Section 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - U-Ser Jeng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Section 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
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39
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Cheng CC, Chuang WT, Lee DJ, Xin Z, Chiu CW. Supramolecular Polymer Network-Mediated Self-Assembly of Semicrystalline Polymers with Excellent Crystalline Performance. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 38. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chia Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology; Taipei 10607 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center; Hsinchu 30076 Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei 10617 Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology; Taipei 10607 Taiwan
- R&D Center for Membrane Technology; Chung Yuan Christian University; Chungli Taoyuan 32043 Taiwan
| | - Zhong Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Chih-Wei Chiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology; Taipei 10607 Taiwan
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40
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Cheng CC, Wang JH, Chuang WT, Liao ZS, Huang JJ, Huang SY, Fan WL, Lee DJ. Dynamic supramolecular self-assembly: hydrogen bonding-induced contraction and extension of functional polymers. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00684e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A ureido-cytosine-functionalized supramolecular polymer can be manipulated to control nano-scale microstructures and its ability to form long-range order during self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chia Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hsu Wang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsin Chu 30050
- Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center
- Hsinchu 30076
- Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Sheng Liao
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
| | - Jyun-Jie Huang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
| | - Shan-You Huang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lu Fan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
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41
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Chuang WT, Hsu YM, Lin EL, Lin IM, Sun YS, Chiang YW, Su CJ, Lee YC, Jeng US. Live Templates of a Supramolecular Block Copolymer for the Synthesis of Ordered Nanostructured TiO 2 Films via Guest Exchange. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:33221-33229. [PMID: 27934174 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we introduce a facile method based on host-guest chemistry to synthesize a range of nanostructured TiO2 materials using supramolecular templates of a dendron-jacketed block copolymer (DJBCP). The DJBCP is composed of amphiphilic dendrons (4'-(3,4,5-tridodecyloxybenzoyloxy)benzoic acid, TDB) selectively incorporated into a P4VP block of polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) via hydrogen bonding. The PS-b-P4VP host acts as a structure-directing template, while the guest molecules (TDB) assist the self-assembly nanostructures and zone-axis alignment, resulting in the nanostructured template of vertically oriented cylinders formed via successive phase transformations from Im3̅m to R3̅m to P6mm upon thermal annealing in the doctor-blade-cast film. The guest molecules subsequently direct the titania precursors into the P4VP domains of the templates via supramolecular guest exchange during immersion of the film in a designated precursor solution containing a P4VP-selective solvent. The subsequent UV irradiation step leads to the formation of PS-b-P4VP/TiO2 hybrids. Finally, removal of the host template by calcination leaves behind mesoporous channels and makes sacrifices to be a carbon source for carbon-doping TiO2 materials. Various TiO2 nanoarchitectures, namely, vertical and wiggly micrometer-length channels, inverse opals, fingerprint-like channels, heterogeneous multilayers, and nanotubes, have been fabricated by highly tunable DJBCP nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ming Hsu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University , Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - En-Li Lin
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University , Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - I-Ming Lin
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University , Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Sen Sun
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University , Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Yeo-Wan Chiang
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University , Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Su
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chang Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - U-Ser Jeng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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42
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Su CH, Wu WR, Chen CY, Su CJ, Chuang WT, Liao KF, Chen SH, Su AC, Jeng US. Nanograin nucleation at the growth front in melt crystallization of syndiotactic polystyrene. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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43
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Huang EW, Hsu YH, Chuang WT, Ko WC, Chang CK, Lee CK, Chang WC, Liao TK, Thong HC. Visible-Light Modulation on Lattice Dielectric Responses of a Piezo-Phototronic Soft Material. Adv Mater 2015; 27:7728-7733. [PMID: 26480289 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201503325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction is used to investigate a three-way piezo-phototronic soft material. This new system is composed of a semi-crystalline poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) piezoelectric polymer and titanium oxide nanoparticles. Under light illumination, photon-induced piezoelectric responses are nearly two times higher at both the lattice-structure and the macroscopic level than under conditions without light illumination. A mechanistic model is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E-Wen Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 30010, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Yu-Hsiang Hsu
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 106, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Center, 101, Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Wen-Ching Ko
- Green Energy and Eco-Technology System Center, Industrial Technology Research Institute, ITRI Southern Campus, Tainan City, 70955, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Chung-Kai Chang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Center, 101, Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Chih-Kung Lee
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 106, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Wen-Chi Chang
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 106, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Tzu-Kang Liao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Zhongda Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan City, 32001, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Hao Cheng Thong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 30010, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
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44
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45
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Wen T, Shen HY, Wang HF, Mao YC, Chuang WT, Tsai JC, Ho RM. Controlled Handedness of Twisted Lamellae in Banded Spherulites of Isotactic Poly(2-vinylpyridine) as Induced by Chiral Dopants. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201506186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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46
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Lin HC, Chiang IH, Chuang WT, Lu CL, Liao CY. Shape and confinement effects of various terminal siloxane groups and C60 on supramolecular interactions of hydrogen-bonded bent-core liquid crystals. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273315095194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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47
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Wu KY, Chiu CC, Chuang WT, Wang CL, Hsu CS. The backbone rigidity and its influence on the morphology and charge mobility of FBT based conjugated polymers. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01361a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of the backbone rigidity via proper side chain placement and vinylene group incorporation allowed optimization of solid-state order and OFET performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Yi Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsin-Chu
- Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Chiu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsin-Chu
- Taiwan
| | | | - Chien-Lung Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsin-Chu
- Taiwan
| | - Chain-Shu Hsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsin-Chu
- Taiwan
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48
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Liu SH, Yang PJ, Wei CL, Chiang IH, Liao CY, Gouda C, Arumugaperumal R, Chuang WT, Lee JJ, Chen SY, Lin HC. Synthesis and study of hybrid hydrogen-bonded bent-core liquid crystal complexes containing C 60- and Si-based proton donors. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11186b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesophasic and electro-optical properties can be manipulated via the ratio of Si- and C60-based moieties in H-bonded bent-core LC complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hsien Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30049
- Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30049
- Taiwan
| | - Chong-Lun Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30049
- Taiwan
| | - I.-Hung Chiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30049
- Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Liao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30049
- Taiwan
| | - Chinmayananda Gouda
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30049
- Taiwan
| | - Reguram Arumugaperumal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30049
- Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center
- Hsinchu 30076
- Taiwan
| | - Jey-Jau Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center
- Hsinchu 30076
- Taiwan
| | - San-Yuan Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30049
- Taiwan
| | - Hong-Cheu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30049
- Taiwan
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49
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Cheng CC, Chang FC, Wang JH, Chu YL, Wang YS, Lee DJ, Chuang WT, Xin Z. Large-scale production of ureido-cytosine based supramolecular polymers with well-controlled hierarchical nanostructures. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15849d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel UrCy–PPG was developed for the synthesis of high-quality supramolecular polymers in large-scale production utilizing only commercially-available chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chia Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chih Chang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsin Chu 30050, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hsu Wang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsin Chu 30050, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Chu
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsin Chu 30050, Taiwan
| | - Yeh-Sheng Wang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsin Chu 30050, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center
- Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Zhong Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237, China
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50
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Huang HK, Sheu HS, Chuang WT, Jeng US, Su AC, Wu WR, Liao KF, Chen CY, Chang SY, Lai HM. Correlated changes in structure and viscosity during gelatinization and gelation of tapioca starch granules. IUCrJ 2014; 1:418-28. [PMID: 25485122 PMCID: PMC4224460 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252514019137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Melting of native tapioca starch granules in aqueous pastes upon heating is observed in situ using simultaneous small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) and solution viscometry. Correlated structure and viscosity changes suggest closely associated amylose and amylopectin chains in the semicrystalline layers, and the release of amylose chains for enhanced solution viscosity occurs largely after melting of the semicrystalline structure. Before melting, WAXS results reveal mixed crystals of A- and B-types (∼4:1 by weight), whereas SAXS results indicate that the semicrystalline layers are composed of lamellar blocklets of ca 43 nm domain size, with polydisperse crystalline (≃7.5 nm) and amorphous (≃1.1 nm) layers alternatively assembled into a lamellar spacing of ≃8.6 nm with 20% polydispersity. Upon melting, the semicrystalline lamellae disintegrate into disperse and molten amylopectin nanoclusters with dissolved and partially untangled amylose chains in the aqueous matrix which leads to increased solution viscosity. During subsequent cooling, gelation starts at around 347 K; successively increased solution viscosity coincides with the development of nanocluster aggregation to a fractal dimension ≃2.3 at 303 K, signifying increasing intercluster association through collapsed amylose chains owing to decreased solvency of the aqueous medium with decreasing temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Kai Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Hwo-Shuenn Sheu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - U-Ser Jeng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - An-Chung Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ru Wu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Fen Liao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Yun Chang
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Mei Lai
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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