1
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Yu B, Xu X, Huang ZN, Tao K, Sun HL, Yang QZ, Wang W. Iron–Aryloxide Complex Bearing Bis(dipyrromethene) Ligands for the Ring-Opening Polymerization of ε-Caprolactone. Organometallics 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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2
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Li B, Hu C, Pang X, Chen X. Valence-variable Catalysts for Redox-controlled Switchable Ring-opening Polymerization. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201031. [PMID: 36321213 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
As a representative class of sustainable polymer materials, biodegradable polymers have attracted increasing interest in recent years. Despite significant advance of related polymerization techniques, realizing high sequence-control and easy-handling in ring-opening (co)polymerizations still remains a central challenge. To this end, a promising solution is the development of valence-variable metal-based catalysts for redox-induced switchable polymerization of cyclic esters, cyclic ethers, epoxides, and CO2 . Through a valence-determined electron effect, the switch between different catalytically active states as well as dormant state contributes to convenient formation of polymer products with desired microstructures and various practical performances. This redox-controlled switchable strategy for controlled synthesis of polymers is overviewed in this Review with a focus on potential applications and challenges for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokun Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, Changchun, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Pang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, Changchun, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, Changchun, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, P. R. China
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3
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Hashmi OH, Capet F, Visseaux M, Champouret Y. Homoleptic and Heteroleptic Substituted Amidomethylpyridine Iron Complexes: Synthesis, Structure and Polymerization of rac‐Lactide. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Obaid H. Hashmi
- Universite de Lille Faculte des Sciences et Technologies UMR 8181 Campus Scientifique 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq FRANCE
| | - Frederic Capet
- Universite de Lille Faculte des Sciences et Technologies UMR 8181 Campus Scientifique 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq FRANCE
| | - Marc Visseaux
- Universite de Lille Faculte des Sciences et Technologies UMR 8181 Campus Scientifique 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq FRANCE
| | - Yohan Champouret
- Universite de Lille Faculte des Sciences et Technologies UMR 8181 Campus Scientifique 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq FRANCE
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4
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de Vries F, Otten E. Reversible On/Off Switching of Lactide Cyclopolymerization with a Redox-Active Formazanate Ligand. ACS Catal 2022; 12:4125-4130. [PMID: 35391903 PMCID: PMC8981207 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
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Redox-switching of
a formazanate zinc catalyst in ring-opening
polymerization (ROP) of lactide is described. Using a redox-active
ligand bound to an inert metal ion (Zn2+) allows modulation
of the catalytic activity by reversible reduction/oxidation chemistry
at a purely organic fragment. A combination of kinetic and spectroscopic
studies, together with mass spectrometry of the catalysis mixture,
provides insight in the nature of the active species and the initiation
of lactide ring-opening polymerization. The mechanistic data highlight
the key role of the redox-active ligand and provide a rationale for
the formation of cyclic polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folkert de Vries
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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5
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Mou Z, Xing F, Gu J. Halogenated
β‐diketiminato
magnesium complexes: Preparation, characterization, and catalysis for ring‐opening polymerization of aliphatic lactones. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zehuai Mou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang China
| | - Fangyu Xing
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang China
| | - Jialu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang China
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6
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Kaler S, Jones MD. Recent advances in externally controlled ring-opening polymerisations. Dalton Trans 2021; 51:1241-1256. [PMID: 34918735 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03471e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Switchable catalysis is a powerful tool in the polymer chemist's toolbox as it allows on demand access to a variety of polymer architectures. Switchable catalysts operate by the generation of a species which is chemically distinct in behaviour and structure to the precursor. This difference in catalytic activity has been exploited to allow spatiotemporal control over polymerisations in the synthesis of (co)polymers. Although switchable methodologies have been applied to other polymerisation mechanisms for quite some time, for ring opening polymerisation (ROP) reactions it is a relatively young area of research. Despite its infancy, the field is accelerating rapidly. Here, we review recent developments for selected external stimuli for ROP, including redox chemistry, light, allosteric and mechanical control. Furthermore, a brief review on switch catalysis involving exogeneous gases will also be provided, although this area differs from traditional switchable catalysis techniques. An outlook on the future of switchable catalysis is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kaler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Matthew D Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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7
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Lin W, Zhang L, Solan GA, Ma Y, Liang T, Sun W. Naphthalenyl‐Substituted α,α′‐Bisimino‐2,3 : 5,6‐Bis(pentamethylene)pyridines as Thermally Robust Supports for Iron Ethylene Polymerization Catalysts. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Lin
- School of Textiles Science and Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122 China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Liping Zhang
- School of Textiles Science and Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Gregory A. Solan
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- Department of Chemistry University of Leicester University Road Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Yanping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Tongling Liang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Wen‐Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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8
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Supej MJ, McLoughlin EA, Hsu JH, Fors BP. Reversible redox controlled acids for cationic ring-opening polymerization. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10544-10549. [PMID: 34447548 PMCID: PMC8356742 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03011f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancements in externally controlled polymerization methodologies have enabled the synthesis of novel polymeric structures and architectures, and they have been pivotal to the development of new photocontrolled lithographic and 3D printing technologies. In particular, the development of externally controlled ring-opening polymerization (ROP) methodologies is of great interest, as these methods provide access to novel biocompatible and biodegradable block polymer structures. Although ROPs mediated by photoacid generators have made significant contributions to the fields of lithography and microelectronics development, these methodologies rely upon catalysts with poor stability and thus poor temporal control. Herein, we report a class of ferrocene-derived acid catalysts whose acidity can be altered through reversible oxidation and reduction of the ferrocenyl moiety to chemically and electrochemically control the ROP of cyclic esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Supej
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Elizabeth A McLoughlin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Jesse H Hsu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
| | - Brett P Fors
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA
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9
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Qi M, Zhang H, Dong Q, Li J, Musgrave RA, Zhao Y, Dulock N, Wang D, Byers JA. Electrochemically switchable polymerization from surface-anchored molecular catalysts. Chem Sci 2021; 12:9042-9052. [PMID: 34276933 PMCID: PMC8261715 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02163j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox-switchable polymerizations of lactide and epoxides were extended to the solid state by anchoring an iron-based polymerization catalyst to TiO2 nanoparticles. The reactivity of the molecular complexes and their redox-switching characteristics were maintained in the solid-state. These properties resulted in surface-initiated polymerization reactions that produced polymer brushes whose chemical composition is dictated by the oxidation state of the iron-based complex. Depositing the catalyst-functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles on fluorine-doped tin oxide resulted in an electrically addressable surface that could be used to demonstrate spatial control in redox-switchable polymerization reactions. By using a substrate that contained two electrically isolated domains wherein one domain was exposed to an oxidizing potential, patterns of surface-bound polyesters and polyethers were accessible through sequential application of lactide and cyclohexene oxide. The differentially functionalized surfaces demonstrated distinct physical properties that illustrated the promise for using the method to pattern surfaces with multiple, chemically distinct polymer brushes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Qi
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College 2609 Beacon St., Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
| | - Haochuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College 2609 Beacon St., Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
| | - Qi Dong
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College 2609 Beacon St., Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
| | - Jingyi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College 2609 Beacon St., Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
| | - Rebecca A Musgrave
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University 12 Oxford Street Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College 2609 Beacon St., Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
| | - Nicholas Dulock
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College 2609 Beacon St., Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
| | - Dunwei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College 2609 Beacon St., Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
| | - Jeffery A Byers
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College 2609 Beacon St., Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
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10
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Wang K, Prior TJ, Hughes DL, Arbaoui A, Redshaw C. Coordination chemistry of [2 + 2] Schiff-base macrocycles derived from the dianilines [(2-NH 2C 6H 4) 2X] (X = CH 2CH 2, O): structural studies and ROP capability towards cyclic esters. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:8057-8069. [PMID: 34018513 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00711d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Reaction of the [2 + 2] Schiff-base macrocycles {[2-(OH)-5-(R)-C6H2-1,3-(CH)2][CH2CH2(2-C6H4N)2]}2 (R = Me, L1H2; tBu, L2H2) with FeBr2 afforded the complexes [FeBr(L1H2)]2[(FeBr3)2O]·2MeCN (1·2MeCN), [FeBr(L2H2)][X] (X = 0.5(FeBr3)2O, 2·0.5MeCN, X = Br, 3·5.5MeCN), respectively. Reaction of L2H2 with [KFe(OtBu)3(THF)] (formed in situ from FeBr2 and KOtBu), following work-up, led to the isolation of the complex [Fe(L2)(L2H)]·3MeCN (4·3MeCN), whilst with [CuBr2] afforded [CuBr(L2H2)][CuBr2]·2MeCN (5·2MeCN). Attempts to form mixed Co/Ti species by reaction of [CoBrL2][CoBr3(NCMe)] with TiCl4 resulted in [L2H4][CoBr4]·2MeCN (6·2MeCN). Use of the related oxy-bridged Schiff-base macrocycles {[2-(OH)-5-(R)-C6H2-1,3-(CH)2][O(2-C6H4N)2]}2 (R = Me, L3H2; tBu, L4H2) with CoBr2 led to the isolation of the complexes [(CoBr)2(L3)]·2C3H6O (7·2C3H6O), [Co(NCMe)2(L4H2)][CoBr4]·5MeCN (8·5MeCN), [Co(NCMe)6][CoBr3(MeCN)]2·2MeCN (9·2MeCN). For comparative structural/polymerisation studies, the complexes {CoBr(NCMe)L5}2·2MeCN (10·2MeCN) and [Co(NCMe)2L5]2[CoBr3(NCMe)]2 (11), [FeBr(NCMe)L5]2·2MeCN (12·2MeCN) where L5H = 2,6-(CHO)2-4-tBu-C6H2OH, as well as the chelate-free salt [Fe(NCMe)6][FeBr3OFeBr3] (13) have been isolated and structurally characterized. The ability of these complexes to act as catalysts for the ring opening polymerisation (ROP) of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) and δ-valerolactone (δ-VL) was investigated, as well as co-polymerisation of ε-CL with rac-lactide (r-LA) and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuiyuan Wang
- Plastics Collaboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.
| | - Timothy J Prior
- Plastics Collaboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.
| | - David L Hughes
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | | | - Carl Redshaw
- Plastics Collaboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.
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11
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Singh O, Maji A, Singh A, Singh N, Ghosh K. A new family of complexes derived from bis(imino)pyridine‐type ligands: Crystal structures and bio‐molecular interaction studies. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ovender Singh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee India
- Department of Chemistry Chonnam National University Gwangju South Korea
| | - Ankur Maji
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee India
| | - Anshu Singh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee India
| | - Neetu Singh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee India
- Department of Chemistry Chonnam National University Gwangju South Korea
| | - Kaushik Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee India
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12
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Xu X, Lu H, Luo G, Kang X, Luo Y. Theoretical insight into the opposite redox activity of iron complexes toward the ring opening polymerization of lactide and epoxide. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01306d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The origin of opposite reactivity in the ring-opening polymerization of lactide (LA) and cyclohexene oxide (CHO) catalyzed by redox-switchable bis(imino)pyridine iron complexes has been computationally elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Han Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Gen Luo
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230601
- China
| | - Xiaohui Kang
- College of Pharmacy
- Dalian Medical University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
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13
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Deng S, Diaconescu PL. A switchable dimeric yttrium complex and its three catalytic states in ring opening polymerization. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01479f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A dimeric yttrium phenoxide complex can be oxidized in a stepwise fashion to access three oxidation states. The three states show different activity in the ring opening polymerization of cyclic esters and epoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Deng
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Paula L. Diaconescu
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Los Angeles
- USA
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14
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Reinhart ED, Jordan RF. Synthesis and Ethylene Reactivity of Dinuclear Iron and Cobalt Complexes Supported by Macrocyclic Bis(pyridine-diimine) Ligands Containing o-Terphenyl Linkers. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik D. Reinhart
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Richard F. Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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15
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Xu X, Luo G, Hou Z, Diaconescu PL, Luo Y. Theoretical insight into the redox-switchable activity of group 4 metal complexes for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi01466g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
DFT calculations indicate that the Lewis acidity of the catalytic metal center M (Ti, Zr, Hf) explains the redox-switchable activity observed for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone by ferrocene derived metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Gen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Zhaomin Hou
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research
- and Advanced Catalysis Research Group
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
- Wako
| | - Paula L. Diaconescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
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16
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Halcrow MA. Manipulating metal spin states for biomimetic, catalytic and molecular materials chemistry. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:15560-15567. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01919d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between ligand design and spin state in base metal compounds is surveyed. Implications and applications of these principles for light-harvesting dyes, catalysis and materials chemistry are summarised.
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17
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Nifant’ev I, Ivchenko P. Coordination Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Esters: A Critical Overview of DFT Modeling and Visualization of the Reaction Mechanisms. Molecules 2019; 24:E4117. [PMID: 31739538 PMCID: PMC6891794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic esters (lactones, lactides, cyclic carbonates and phosphates) is an effective tool to synthesize biocompatible and biodegradable polymers. Metal complexes effectively catalyze ROP, a remarkable diversity of the ROP mechanisms prompted the use of density functional theory (DFT) methods for simulation and visualization of the ROP pathways. Optimization of the molecular structures of the key reaction intermediates and transition states has allowed to explain the values of catalytic activities and stereocontrol events. DFT computation data sets might be viewed as a sound basis for the design of novel ROP catalysts and cyclic substrates, for the creation of new types of homo- and copolymers with promising properties. In this review, we summarized the results of DFT modeling of coordination ROP of cyclic esters. The importance to understand the difference between initiation and propagation stages, to consider the possibility of polymer-catalyst coordination, to figure out the key transition states, and other aspects of DFT simulation and visualization of ROP have been also discussed in our review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Nifant’ev
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory Str., Building 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Ivchenko
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory Str., Building 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
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18
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Champouret Y, Hashmi OH, Visseaux M. Discrete iron-based complexes: Applications in homogeneous coordination-insertion polymerization catalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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19
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Alig L, Fritz M, Schneider S. First-Row Transition Metal (De)Hydrogenation Catalysis Based On Functional Pincer Ligands. Chem Rev 2018; 119:2681-2751. [PMID: 30596420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 485] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The use of 3d metals in de/hydrogenation catalysis has emerged as a competitive field with respect to "traditional" precious metal catalyzed transformations. The introduction of functional pincer ligands that can store protons and/or electrons as expressed by metal-ligand cooperativity and ligand redox-activity strongly stimulated this development as a conceptual starting point for rational catalyst design. This review aims at providing a comprehensive picture of the utilization of functional pincer ligands in first-row transition metal hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalysis and related synthetic concepts relying on these such as the hydrogen borrowing methodology. Particular emphasis is put on the implementation and relevance of cooperating and redox-active pincer ligands within the mechanistic scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Alig
- Universität Göttingen , Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Tammannstrasse 4 , D-37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Maximilian Fritz
- Universität Göttingen , Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Tammannstrasse 4 , D-37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Sven Schneider
- Universität Göttingen , Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Tammannstrasse 4 , D-37077 Göttingen , Germany
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20
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Xu X, Luo G, Mehmood A, Zhao Y, Zhou G, Hou Z, Luo Y. Theoretical Mechanistic Studies on Redox-Switchable Polymerization of Trimethylene Carbonate Catalyzed by an Indium Complex Bearing a Ferrocene-Based Ligand. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Gen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Andleeb Mehmood
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Guangli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhaomin Hou
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, and Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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21
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Martínez J, Martínez de Sarasa Buchaca M, de la Cruz-Martínez F, Alonso-Moreno C, Sánchez-Barba LF, Fernandez-Baeza J, Rodríguez AM, Rodríguez-Diéguez A, Castro-Osma JA, Otero A, Lara-Sánchez A. Versatile organoaluminium catalysts based on heteroscorpionate ligands for the preparation of polyesters. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:7471-7479. [PMID: 29786721 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01553h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of alkyl aluminium complexes based on heteroscorpionate ligands were designed as catalysts for the ring-opening polymerisation of cyclic esters and ring-opening copolymerisation of epoxides and anhydrides. Treatment of AlX3 (X = Me, Et) with ligands bpzbeH [bpzbe = 1,1-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-2-butoxide], bpzteH [bpzte = 2,2-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-1-para-tolylethoxide], and (R,R)-bpzmmH [(R,R)-bpzmm = (1R)-1-{(1R)-6,6-dimethyl-bicyclo[3.1.1]-2-hepten-2-yl}-2,2-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)ethoxide] for 2 hours at 0 °C afforded the mononuclear dialkyl aluminium complexes [AlMe2{κ2-bpzbe}] (1), [AlEt2{κ2-bpzbe}] (2), [AlMe2{κ2-(R,R)-bpzmm}] (3) and [AlEt2{κ2-(R,R)-bpzmm}] (4), and the dinuclear dialkyl complexes [AlMe2{κ2-bpzte}]2 (5) and [AlEt2{κ2-bpzte}]2 (6). The molecular structures of the new complexes were determined by spectroscopic methods and confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The alkyl-containing aluminium complexes can act as highly efficient single-component initiators for the ring-opening polymerisation of ε-caprolactone and l-lactide and for the ring-opening copolymerisation of cyclohexene oxide and phthalic anhydride to give a range of biodegradable polyesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martínez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain.
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22
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Mukherjee A, Pattanayak S, Sen Gupta S, Vanka K. What drives the H-abstraction reaction in bio-mimetic oxoiron-bTAML complexes? A computational investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:13845-13850. [PMID: 29717729 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01333k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Monomeric iron-oxo units have been confirmed as intermediates involved in the C-H bond activation in various metallo-enzymes. Biomimetic oxoiron complexes of the biuret modified tetra-amido macrocyclic ligand (bTAML) have been demonstrated to oxidize a wide variety of unactivated C-H bonds. In the current work, density functional theory (DFT) has been employed to investigate the hydrogen abstraction (HAT) reactivity differences across a series of bTAML complexes. The cause for the differences in the HAT energy barriers has been found to be the relative changes in the energy of the frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) induced by electronic perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anagh Mukherjee
- Physical and Material Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
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