1
|
Tang H, Raymond O, Thomas HP, Henderson W. Synthetic and ESI mass spectrometric investigations of Pt, Pd, Ir, Ru and Rh complexes of a polyether-functionalised thiourea ligand. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-022-00500-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
2
|
Stepanenko I, Mizetskyi P, Orlowska E, Bučinský L, Zalibera M, Vénosová B, Clémancey M, Blondin G, Rapta P, Novitchi G, Schrader W, Schaniel D, Chen YS, Lutz M, Kožíšek J, Telser J, Arion VB. The Ruthenium Nitrosyl Moiety in Clusters: Trinuclear Linear μ-Hydroxido Magnesium(II)-Diruthenium(II), μ 3-Oxido Trinuclear Diiron(III)-Ruthenium(II), and Tetranuclear μ 4-Oxido Trigallium(III)-Ruthenium(II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2021; 61:950-967. [PMID: 34962391 PMCID: PMC8767547 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The ruthenium nitrosyl
moiety, {RuNO}6, is important
as a potential releasing agent of nitric oxide and is of inherent
interest in coordination chemistry. Typically, {RuNO}6 is
found in mononuclear complexes. Herein we describe the synthesis and
characterization of several multimetal cluster complexes that contain
this unit. Specifically, the heterotrinuclear μ3-oxido
clusters [Fe2RuCl4(μ3-O)(μ-OMe)(μ-pz)2(NO)(Hpz)2] (6) and [Fe2RuCl3(μ3-O)(μ-OMe)(μ-pz)3(MeOH)(NO)(Hpz)][Fe2RuCl3(μ3-O)(μ-OMe)(μ-pz)3(DMF)(NO)(Hpz)] (7·MeOH·2H2O) and the heterotetranuclear
μ4-oxido complex [Ga3RuCl3(μ4-O)(μ-OMe)3(μ-pz)4(NO)]
(8) were prepared from trans-[Ru(OH)(NO)(Hpz)4]Cl2 (5), which itself was prepared
via acidic hydrolysis of the linear heterotrinuclear complex {[Ru(μ-OH)(μ-pz)2(pz)(NO)(Hpz)]2Mg} (4). Complex 4 was synthesized from the mononuclear Ru complexes (H2pz)[trans-RuCl4(Hpz)2] (1), trans-[RuCl2(Hpz)4]Cl (2), and trans-[RuCl2(Hpz)4] (3). The new compounds 4–8 were all characterized by elemental
analysis, ESI mass spectrometry, IR, UV–vis, and 1H NMR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, with complexes 6 and 7 being characterized also by temperature-dependent
magnetic susceptibility measurements and Mössbauer spectroscopy.
Magnetometry indicated a strong antiferromagnetic interaction between
paramagnetic centers in 6 and 7. The ability
of 4 and 6–8 to form
linkage isomers and release NO upon irradiation in the solid state
was investigated by IR spectroscopy. A theoretical investigation of
the electronic structure of 6 by DFT and ab initio CASSCF/NEVPT2 calculations indicated a redox-noninnocent behavior
of the NO ancillary ligand in 6, which was also manifested
in TD-DFT calculations of its electronic absorption spectrum. The
electronic structure of 6 was also studied by an X-ray
charge density analysis. Mononuclear trans-[Ru(OH)NO(Hpz)4]2+ proved to
be a source of μ-hydroxido and μ3- and/or μ4-oxido bridging groups, which
could be incorporated into the heterotrinuclear complexes {[Ru(μ-OH)(μ-pz)2(pz)(NO)(Hpz)]2Mg}, [Fe2RuCl4(μ3-O)(μ-OMe)(μ-pz)2(NO)(Hpz)2], and [Fe2RuCl3(μ3-O)(μ-OMe)(μ-pz)3(MeOH)(NO)(Hpz)][Fe2RuCl3(μ3-O)(μ-OMe)(μ-pz)3(DMF)(NO)(Hpz)] (7·MeOH·2H2O) and the heterotetranuclear μ4-oxido complex [Ga3RuCl3(μ4-O)(μ-OMe)3(μ-pz)4(NO)]. The structures obtained were all confirmed
by SC-XRD, including an X-ray charge density analysis that revealed
the electronic structure of the RuFe2 cluster. Two of these nitrosyl
complexes underwent photoinduced isomerization with generation of
the nitrosyl linkage isomers MS1 and MS2, as revealed by IR spectroscopy
at 10 K.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Stepanenko
- University of Vienna, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Pavlo Mizetskyi
- University of Vienna, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ewelina Orlowska
- University of Vienna, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukáš Bučinský
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Michal Zalibera
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Barbora Vénosová
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 30. dubna 22, 70103 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Clémancey
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, LCBM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Geneviève Blondin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, LCBM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Peter Rapta
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Wolfgang Schrader
- MPI für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | | | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- NSF's ChemMATCARS, The University of Chicago, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Martin Lutz
- Structural Biochemistry, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jozef Kožíšek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Physical and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, 430 South Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
| | - Vladimir B Arion
- University of Vienna, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Buchanan JK, Severinsen RJ, Buchner MR, Thomas-Hargreaves LR, Spang N, John KD, Plieger PG. Quinolino[7,8- h]quinoline: a 'just right' ligand for beryllium(II) coordination. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16950-16953. [PMID: 34787615 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03367k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and crystal structure of the first quinolino[7,8-h]quinoline beryllium(II) complex of the general formula [BeL2(MeCN)Br]Br·MeCN, containing the ligand 4,9-dihydroxyquinolino[7,8-h]quinoline (L2). The Be(II) cation is a great size match for the dinitrogen binding pocket of the quinolino[7,8-h]quinoline ligand as indicated by minimal out-of-plane displacement and ligand distortion parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna K Buchanan
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Rebecca J Severinsen
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Magnus R Buchner
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe Hauptgruppenmetallchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Lewis R Thomas-Hargreaves
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe Hauptgruppenmetallchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Nils Spang
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe Hauptgruppenmetallchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Kevin D John
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Paul G Plieger
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Thomas-Hargreaves LR, Müller M, Spang N, Ivlev SI, Buchner MR. Behavior of Lewis Bases toward Diphenylberyllium. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias Müller
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Nils Spang
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Sergei I. Ivlev
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Magnus R. Buchner
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Buchner MR, Thomas‐Hargreaves LR, Kreuzer LK, Spang N, Ivlev SI. Dimethylsulfide Adducts of the Beryllium Halides. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus R. Buchner
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | | | - Lukas K. Kreuzer
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Nils Spang
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Sergei I. Ivlev
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Indelicato S, Bongiorno D, Ceraulo L. Recent Approaches for Chemical Speciation and Analysis by Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry. Front Chem 2021; 8:625945. [PMID: 33553108 PMCID: PMC7855954 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.625945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the chemical speciation of several species has been increasingly monitored and investigated, employing electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). This soft ionization technique gently desolvates weak metal–ligand complexes, taking them in the high vacuum sectors of mass spectrometric instrumentation. It is, thus, possible to collect information on their structure, energetics, and fragmentation pathways. For this reason, this technique is frequently chosen in a synergistic approach to investigate competitive ligand exchange-adsorption otherwise analyzed by cathodic stripping voltammetry (CLE-ACSV). ESI-MS analyses require a careful experimental design as measurement may face instrumental artifacts such as ESI adduct formation, fragmentation, and sometimes reduction reactions. Furthermore, ESI source differences of ionization efficiencies among the detected species can be misleading. In this mini-review are collected and critically reported the most recent approaches adopted to mitigate or eliminate these limitations and to show the potential of this analytical technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Indelicato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - David Bongiorno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Ceraulo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Buchanan JK, Plieger PG. The Design of Tetradentate Ligands for Beryllium Encapsulation. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna K. Buchanan
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Paul G. Plieger
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Buchanan JK, Plieger PG. 9Be nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy trends in discrete complexes: an update. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2020-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
9Be solution NMR spectroscopy is a useful tool for the characterisation of beryllium complexes. An updated comprehensive table of the 9Be NMR chemical shifts of beryllium complexes in solution is presented. The recent additions span a greater range of chemical shifts than those previously reported, and more overlap is observed between the chemical shift regions of four-coordinate complexes and those with lower coordination numbers. Four-coordinate beryllium species have smaller ω
1/2 values than the two- and three-coordinate species due to their higher order symmetry. In contrast to previous studies, no clear relationship is observed between chemical shift and the size and number of chelate rings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna K. Buchanan
- School of Fundamental Sciences , Massey University , Private Bag 11222 , Palmerston North , New Zealand
| | - Paul G. Plieger
- School of Fundamental Sciences , Massey University , Private Bag 11222 , Palmerston North , New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Coordination chemistry of Be2+ ions with chelating oxygen donor ligands: further insights using electrospray mass spectrometry. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2020-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The electrospray ionisation mass spectrometric (ESI-MS) behaviour of various complexes of beryllium have been investigated in the work described in this paper. These beryllium complexes were analysed in situ on a small scale by preparing appropriate molar mixtures of the Be2+ ion with ligands in a range of solvent systems. In view of the toxicity of beryllium compounds, this combinatorial type screening, involving miniscule amounts of material in solution, proved to be a safe strategy to pursue the coordination chemistry of beryllium. A variety of beryllium complexes were generated with various ligands in solutions and subjected to detailed characterisation by ESI-MS. These ligands, containing functional groups or architecture of interest, varied from simple ligands such as the acetate ion to more common beryllium chelators including hydroxy keto ligands (maltol, tropolone), malonic acid, chromotropic acid and citric acid. Generally, there was excellent correlation between the species observed in the mass spectrum and those confirmed to exist in solution by other techniques. This lent strong credence to the ESI-MS methodology used as an efficient analytical technique for the easy screening of a diverse range of potential ligands for the divalent beryllium ion.
Collapse
|
10
|
Raymond O, Bühl M, Lane JR, Henderson W, Brothers PJ, Plieger PG. Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Investigation of Beryllium Complexes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:2413-2425. [PMID: 32017540 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Structures of aqueous [Be(H2O)4]2+, its outer-sphere and inner-sphere complexes with F-, Cl-, and SO42-, and dinuclear complexes with a [Be2(κ-OH)(κ-SO4)]+ core have been studied through Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics (CPMD) simulations with the BLYP functional. According to constrained CPMD/BLYP simulations and pointwise thermodynamic integration, the free energy of deprotonation of [Be(H2O)4]2+ and its binding free energy with F- are 9.6 and -6.2 kcal/mol, respectively, in good accord with available experimental data. The computed activation barriers for replacing a water ligand in [Be(H2O)4]2+ with F- and SO42-, 10.9 and 13.6 kcal/mol, respectively, are also in good qualitative agreement with available experimental data. These ligand-substitution reactions are indicated to follow associative interchange mechanisms with backside (SN2-like) attack of the anion relative to the aquo ligand it is displacing. Outperforming static density functional theory computations of the salient kinetic and thermodynamic quantities involving simple polarizable continuum solvent models, CPMD simulations are validated as a promising tool for studying the structures and speciation of beryllium complexes in aqueous solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Onyekachi Raymond
- Chemistry, School of Science , University of Waikato , Private Bag 3105 , Hamilton 3240 , New Zealand.,Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR) , P.O. Box 50348 , Porirua 5240 , New Zealand.,EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, North Haugh , University of St Andrews , St Andrews , Fife KY16 9ST , U.K
| | - Michael Bühl
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, North Haugh , University of St Andrews , St Andrews , Fife KY16 9ST , U.K
| | - Joseph R Lane
- Chemistry, School of Science , University of Waikato , Private Bag 3105 , Hamilton 3240 , New Zealand
| | - William Henderson
- Chemistry, School of Science , University of Waikato , Private Bag 3105 , Hamilton 3240 , New Zealand
| | - Penelope J Brothers
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Auckland , Private Bag 92019 , Auckland 1142 , New Zealand
| | - Paul G Plieger
- School of Fundamental Sciences , Massey University , Private Bag 11222 , Palmerston North 4410 , New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Raymond O, Henderson W, Lane JR, Brothers PJ, Plieger PG. An electrospray ionization mass spectrometric study of beryllium chloride solutions and complexes with crown ether and cryptand macrocyclic ligands. J COORD CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2020.1718664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Onyekachi Raymond
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
- Current Address: Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR), Wellington, New Zealand
| | - William Henderson
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Joseph R. Lane
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Penelope J. Brothers
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Current Address: Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Paul G. Plieger
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Buchner MR. Beryllium coordination chemistry and its implications on the understanding of metal induced immune responses. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8895-8907. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03802d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The coordination chemistry of beryllium with ligands containing biologically relevant functional groups is discussed. The geometry, speciation and reactivity of these compounds, aids a better understanding of metal ion induced immune reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus R. Buchner
- Anorganische Chemie
- Nachwuchsgruppe Hauptgruppenmetallchemie
- Fachbereich Chemie
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35032 Marburg
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Buchner MR, Müller M, Raymond O, Severinsen RJ, Nixon DJ, Henderson W, Brothers PJ, Rowlands GJ, Plieger PG. Synthesis of a Boronic Acid Anhydride Based Ligand and Its Application in Beryllium Coordination. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus R. Buchner
- Nachwuchsgruppe Berylliumchemie Fachbereich Chemie Philipps‐Universität Marburg Hans‐Meerwein‐Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Matthias Müller
- Nachwuchsgruppe Berylliumchemie Fachbereich Chemie Philipps‐Universität Marburg Hans‐Meerwein‐Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Onyekachi Raymond
- Chemistry, School of Science University of Waikato Private Bag 3105 3240 Hamilton New Zealand
| | - Rebecca J. Severinsen
- School of Fundamental Sciences Massey University Private Bag 11222 4410 Palmerston North New Zealand
| | - David J. Nixon
- School of Fundamental Sciences Massey University Private Bag 11222 4410 Palmerston North New Zealand
| | - William Henderson
- Chemistry, School of Science University of Waikato Private Bag 3105 3240 Hamilton New Zealand
| | | | - Gareth J. Rowlands
- School of Fundamental Sciences Massey University Private Bag 11222 4410 Palmerston North New Zealand
| | - Paul G. Plieger
- School of Fundamental Sciences Massey University Private Bag 11222 4410 Palmerston North New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Müller M, Buchner MR. Beryllium-Induced Conversion of Aldehydes. Chemistry 2019; 25:11147-11156. [PMID: 31264745 PMCID: PMC6771974 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Aldehydes play a key role in the human metabolism. Therefore, it is essential to know their reactivity with beryllium compounds in order to assess its effects in the body. The reactivity of simple aldehydes towards beryllium halides (F, Cl, Br, I) was studied through solution and solid‐state techniques and revealed distinctively different reactivities of the beryllium halides, with BeF2 being the least and BeI2 the most reactive. Rearrangement and aldol condensation reactions were observed and monitored by in situ NMR spectroscopy. Crystal structures of various compounds obtained by Be2+‐catalyzed cyclization, rearrangement, and aldol addition reactions or ligation of beryllium halides have been determined, including unprecedented one‐dimensional BeCl2 chains and the first structurally characterized example of an 1‐iodo‐alkoxide. Long‐term studies showed that only aldehydes without a β‐H can form stable beryllium complexes, whereas other aldehydes are oligo‐ and polymerized or decomposed by beryllium halides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Müller
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe Berylliumchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Magnus R Buchner
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe Berylliumchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Buchner MR. Recent Contributions to the Coordination Chemistry of Beryllium. Chemistry 2019; 25:12018-12036. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus R. Buchner
- Anorganische Chemie, Nachwuchsgruppe BerylliumchemieFachbereich ChemiePhilipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|