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Wu Q, Song M, Luo S, Guo L, Zhang Q, Kwok HF. Unveil the mechanism for EHMT -- A novel triterpenoid inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in colon cancer through ROS-mediated JNK signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116469. [PMID: 38520870 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, trailing only lung and breast cancer in incidence. Despite the availability of numerous therapeutic strategies, the burden of new cases and fatalities remains high in countries undergoing socioeconomic transitions. Natural products offer promising avenues for developing more effective and less toxic anticancer agents, expanding the clinical arsenal. In this investigation, we isolated a triterpenoid, (21 S,23 R,24 R)-21,23-epoxy-24-hydroxy-21-methoxytirucalla-7,25-dien-3-one (EHMT), from the fruits of Melia azedarach L., which exhibited significant inhibitory activity against colon cancer cells while sparing normal cells. EHMT effectively curtailed colony formation and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the HCT116 cell line. Furthermore, EHMT prompted the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential. Notably, EHMT treatment triggered ROS-mediated cell apoptosis via activation of the JNK signaling pathway in HCT116 cells. Additionally, our findings extended to Caenorhabditis elegans, where EHMT induced ROS accumulation and apoptosis. Collectively, these findings position EHMT as a promising candidate for the development of anticancer agents in the treatment of colon cancer, offering new hope in the battle against this formidable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushuang Wu
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Min Song
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Siyuan Luo
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Libin Guo
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR.
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR.
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Cao F, Shen JH, Li ZJ, Wang WL, Chen ZW, Zhang YH, Ma XH. New anti-inflammatory limonoids from the fruits of Melia azedarach. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38572741 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2335667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The phytochemical study of the fruits of Melia azedarach (Meliaceae) led to the isolation and characterisation of two novel natural limonoids1-deoxy- 3, 20-dicinnamoyl-11-methoxy-meliacarpinin (1) and 12β- O- methyl nimbolinin A (2), along with twelve known limonoids. Its structure was identified by 1D- and 2D-NMR, HR-ESI-MS and comparison with published data. The anti-inflammatory effect of the compounds was measured in vitro in RAW 264.7 cells by evaluating the production of NO stimulated by LPS. Compounds 1, 8 and 14 indicated significant anti-inflammatory effect with inhibition rate of 11.76, 8.45 and 6.59 μM, respectively. Limonoid 1 significantly inhibited the production of NO, TNF-α and IL-1β in RAW 264.7 cells. Therefore, limonoid derivative may be a promising source of bioactive metabolite for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Cao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Huang Shen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Jun Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Lu Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Wei Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Hong Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Hua Ma
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
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Song M, Luo HJ, Li ZW, Qiu L, Zhao YX, He CW, Zhang XQ, Ye WC, Lin LG, Zhang QW. Limonoids from the roots of Melia azedarach and their anti-inflammatory activity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 216:113869. [PMID: 37739201 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Twelve undescribed limonoids, meliazedarines J-U (1-12), along with a known one, were isolated from the roots of Melia azedarach. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic investigations, X-ray diffraction analyses, and ECD calculations. Compounds 1-8 were identified as ring intact limonoids, while compounds 9-12 were established as ring C-seco ones. The anti-inflammatory potential of compounds 1-4, 6, 8, 9, and 11-13 was evaluated on macrophages. Compounds 1, 3, 4, 6, and 9 significantly suppressed nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages, among them compound 3 showed the best inhibitory effect with an IC50 value of 7.07 ± 0.48 μΜ. Furthermore, compound 3 effectively reduced interleukin-1β secretion in LPS plus nigericin-induced THP-1 macrophages by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The results strongly suggested that limonoids from the roots of M. azedarach might be candidates for treating inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Song
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Hui-Juan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China
| | - Zi-Wei Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Ling Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China
| | - Yu-Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China
| | - Cheng-Wei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Li-Gen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China.
| | - Qing-Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China.
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Song M, Chan G, Lin LG, Li D, Zhang K, Zhang XQ, Ye WC, Li N, Zhang QW. Triterpenoids from the fruits of Melia azedarach L. and their cytotoxic activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 201:113280. [PMID: 35716716 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Eleven undescribed tetracyclic triterpenoids, meliazedarachins A-K, along with twenty-six known compounds were isolated from the fruits of Melia azedarach L.. Their structures were determined by HRESIMS, UV, IR, NMR, X-ray diffraction, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, and the modified Mosher's method. The cytotoxic activities of all the isolates were measured. Meliazedarachin K and mesendanin N showed cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 9.02 to 31.31 μM. Meliazedarachin K showed significant cytotoxicity against HCT116 cell line with IC50 value of 9.02 ± 0.84 μM. 21α-methylmelianodiol showed significant cytotoxicity against HCT116 and RKO cell lines with IC50 values of 10.16 ± 1.22 and 8.57 ± 0.80 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Song
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China
| | - Ging Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China
| | - Li-Gen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China
| | - Derong Li
- Macau Anglican College, Macao, PR China
| | | | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, And Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, And Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, PR China.
| | - Qing-Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China.
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Luo J, Sun Y, Li Q, Kong L. Research progress of meliaceous limonoids from 2011 to 2021. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:1325-1365. [PMID: 35608367 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00015f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Covering: July 2010 to December 2021Limonoids, a kind of natural tetranortriterpenoids with diverse skeletons and valuable insecticidal and medicinal bioactivities, are the characteristic metabolites of most plants of the Meliaceae family. The chemistry and bioactivities of meliaceous limonoids are a continuing hot area of natural products research; to date, about 2700 meliaceous limonoids have been identified. In particular, more than 1600, including thirty kinds of novel rearranged skeletons, have been isolated and identified in the past decade due to their wide distribution and abundant content in Meliaceae plants and active biosynthetic pathways. In addition to the discovery of new structures, many positive medicinal bioactivities of meliaceous limonoids have been investigated, and extensive achievements regarding the chemical and biological synthesis have been made. This review summarizes the recent research progress in the discovery of new structures, medicinal and agricultural bioactivities, and chem/biosynthesis of limonoids from the plants of the Meliaceae family during the past decade, with an emphasis on the discovery of limonoids with novel skeletons, the medicinal bioactivities and mechanisms, and chemical synthesis. The structures, origins, and bioactivities of other new limonoids were provided as ESI. Studies published from July 2010 to December 2021 are reviewed, and 482 references are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunpeng Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiurong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Sun Y, Li Q, Sun Y, Cui L, Wang Y, Li Y, Luo J, Kong L. Limonoids with Diverse Oxidation Patterns of C-12 Indicating a Complete Ring C- seco Biogenetic Pathway from Munronia unifoliolata. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:2352-2365. [PMID: 34357755 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Munrolins A-Q (1-17), 17 new ring C-seco limonoids with diverse oxidative patterns of C-12, together with nine known analogues (18-26), were isolated from the CH2Cl2 extract of Munronia unifoliolata. The planar structures were elucidated by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR and HR-MS analyses, while the absolute configurations were confirmed by ECD calculations and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Munrolins A (1) and B (2) were first identified as ring C-seco limonoids with a 12,13-ether bridge moiety. Munrolins C-J (3-10) have a rare reduced primary alcohol fragment, while munrolin Q (17) has an unusual ketal fragment formed by dehydration of C-12/14. These limonoids with diverse alcohol and aldehyde type C11/12 branches may be generated through different degrees of reduction after the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation at the C ring, as key intermediates to supplement the biogenetic pathway of ring C-seco limonoids. Compounds 11, 19, and 26 could reverse the multidrug resistance of MCF-7/doxorubicin cells with reversal fold values of 5.2, 4.5, and 18.3, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiurong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Letian Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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