1
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Shan H, Zhao W, Wang J, Yao Y, Ma H, Liu K, Yang XJ, Wu B. Manipulating the Isomerization of a Tris-azobenzene Cage by Anion Binding. J Am Chem Soc 2025; 147:14960-14965. [PMID: 40263250 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5c04399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2025]
Abstract
Here, we report a C3-symmetric tris-azobenzene cage 1 comprising azobenzene cores and bis(urea) units. This system demonstrates efficient reversible photoisomerization and unprecedented anion-mediated switching modes. Specifically, the phosphate anion induces a concerted ZZZ → EEE isomerization with prolonged thermal relaxation (t1/2 = 37.5 h at 298 K). In contrast, the bulky benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate anion enforces a stepwise pathway (ZZZ → EZZ → EEZ → EEE) with rapid thermal relaxation (t1/2 = 54.4, 44.5, and 12.9 min for each step). This study represents the first demonstration of selective control over stepwise and concerted multi-azobenzene switch, mimicking biological adaptability through environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibin Shan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yougang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Hongwei Ma
- Analysis & Testing Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Kanglei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Biao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
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2
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Brand M, Trowell HG, Pegg JT, Greenfield JL, Odaybat M, Little MA, Haycock PR, Avci G, Rankin N, Fuchter MJ, Jelfs KE, Cooper AI, Greenaway RL. Photoresponsive Organic Cages─Computationally Inspired Discovery of Azobenzene-Derived Organic Cages. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:30332-30339. [PMID: 39436835 PMCID: PMC11544616 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c10217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 09/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
The incorporation of photoresponsive groups into porous materials is attractive as it offers potential advantages in controlling the pore size and selectivity to guest molecules. A combination of computational modeling and experiment resulted in the synthesis of two azobenzene-derived organic cages based on building blocks identified in a computational screen. Both cages incorporate three azobenzene moieties, and are therefore capable of 3-fold isomerization, using either ditopic or tetratopic aldehydes containing diazene functionality. The ditopic aldehyde forms a Tri2Di3 cage via a 6-fold imine condensation and the tritopic aldehyde forms a Tet3Di6 cage via a 12-fold imine condensation. The relative energies and corresponding intrinsic cavities of each isomeric state were computed, and the photoswitching behavior of both cages was studied by UV-Vis and 1H NMR spectroscopy, including a detailed kinetic analysis of the thermal isomerization for each of the EEZ, EZZ and ZZZ metastable isomers of the Tet3Di6 cage. Both cages underwent photoisomerization, where a photostationary state of up to 77% of the cis-isomer and overall thermal half-life of 110 h was identified for the Tet3Di6 species. Overall, this work demonstrates the potential of computational modeling to inform the design of photoresponsive materials and highlights the contrasting effects on the photoswitching properties of the azobenzene moieties on incorporation into the different cage species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael
C. Brand
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, 51 Oxford Street, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K.
| | - Hamish G. Trowell
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, U.K.
| | - James T. Pegg
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, U.K.
| | - Jake L. Greenfield
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, U.K.
- Universität
Würzburg, Institut für Organische
Chemie, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Magdalena Odaybat
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, U.K.
| | - Marc A. Little
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, 51 Oxford Street, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K.
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K.
| | - Peter R. Haycock
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, U.K.
| | - Gokay Avci
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, U.K.
| | - Nicola Rankin
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, 51 Oxford Street, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K.
| | - Matthew J. Fuchter
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Kim E. Jelfs
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, U.K.
| | - Andrew I. Cooper
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, 51 Oxford Street, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K.
| | - Rebecca L. Greenaway
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, U.K.
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3
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Brand MC, Trowell HG, Fuchter MJ, Greenaway RL. Incorporating Photoresponses into Porous Liquids. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303593. [PMID: 38095875 PMCID: PMC11497317 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Porous liquids combine the properties of a porous solid with those of a liquid, creating a porous flowable media. Since their discovery, these materials have gathered widespread interest within the scientific community, with substantial numbers of new systems being discovered, often with a focus on increasing the pore volume and gas capacity. Which begs the question, what does the future hold for porous liquids? Recently, the first examples of photoresponsive porous liquids have emerged, allowing changes in porosity to be observed under UV irradiation. Here, we expand on our previous report of photoresponsive porous liquids and explore the conceptualisation of responsive porous liquids and how these materials could be developed with the ability to respond to light, thereby offering a potential mechanism of controllable uptake and release in these systems. This concept article summarises different approaches that could be used to incorporate a photoresponse in a porous liquid before discussing recently reported systems, alongside important factors to consider in their design. Finally, by taking inspiration from the methods used to translate porous solids into the liquid state, combined with the field of photoresponsive materials, we discuss potential strategies that could be employed to realise further examples of photoresponsive porous liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Brand
- Department of Chemistry, Materials Innovation Factory and Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials DesignUniversity of Liverpool51 Oxford StreetLiverpoolL7 3NYUK
| | - Hamish G. Trowell
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research HubImperial College London82 Wood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Matthew J. Fuchter
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research HubImperial College London82 Wood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Rebecca L. Greenaway
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research HubImperial College London82 Wood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
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4
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Nieland E, Voss J, Schmidt BM. Photoresponsive Supramolecular Cages and Macrocycles. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300353. [PMID: 37638597 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The utilisation of light to achieve precise manipulation and control over the structure and function of supramolecular assemblies has emerged as a highly promising approach in the development of complex, configurable, or multifunctional systems and nanoscopic machine-like entities. In this minireview, we highlight recent examples of self-assembled and covalently bound cages and macrocycles with a focus on the external and internal functionalisation of a structure with a photoswitchable unit or the embedment of a photoswitch into the framework of a structure. Functionalising the interior or exterior of a supramolecular cage or macrocycle with a photoresponsive group enables control over different properties, such as guest binding or assembly in the solid-state, while the overall shape of the assembly often undergoes no significant change. By directly integrating a photoswitchable unit into the framework of a supramolecular structure, the isomerisation can either induce a geometry change, the disassembly, or the disassembly and reassembly of the structure. Historical and recent examples covered in this review are based on azobenzene, diarylethene, stilbene photoswitches, or alkene motors that were incorporated into macrocycles and cages constructed by metal-organic, dynamic covalent, or covalent bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Nieland
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jona Voss
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bernd M Schmidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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5
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de Jong J, Bos JE, Wezenberg SJ. Stimulus-Controlled Anion Binding and Transport by Synthetic Receptors. Chem Rev 2023; 123:8530-8574. [PMID: 37342028 PMCID: PMC10347431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Anionic species are omnipresent and involved in many important biological processes. A large number of artificial anion receptors has therefore been developed. Some of these are capable of mediating transmembrane transport. However, where transport proteins can respond to stimuli in their surroundings, creation of synthetic receptors with stimuli-responsive functions poses a major challenge. Herein, we give a full overview of the stimulus-controlled anion receptors that have been developed thus far, including their application in membrane transport. In addition to their potential operation as membrane carriers, the use of anion recognition motifs in forming responsive membrane-spanning channels is discussed. With this review article, we intend to increase interest in transmembrane transport among scientists working on host-guest complexes and dynamic functional systems in order to stimulate further developments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sander J. Wezenberg
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333
CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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6
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Yang X, Liu S. Cationic cyclophanes-in-cucurbit[10]uril: host-in-host complexes showing cooperative recognition towards neutral phenol guests. Supramol Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2023.2170233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiran Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Simin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
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7
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Peng M, Luo Y, Rao Y, Song J, Ni X. Cucurbit[7]uril‐Encapsulation‐Controlled Supramolecular Photoproduct and Radical Fluorescence Emission. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202056. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Peng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University Changsha Hunan 410081 P. R. China
| | - Yi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University Changsha Hunan 410081 P. R. China
| | - Yutao Rao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University Changsha Hunan 410081 P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Song
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University Changsha Hunan 410081 P. R. China
| | - Xin‐Long Ni
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University Changsha Hunan 410081 P. R. China
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8
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Kumar P, Gupta D, Grewal S, Srivastava A, Kumar Gaur A, Venkataramani S. Multiple Azoarenes Based Systems - Photoswitching, Supramolecular Chemistry and Application Prospects. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200074. [PMID: 35860915 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In the recent decades, the investigations on photoresponsive molecular systems with multiple azoarenes are quite popular in diverse perspectives ranging from fundamental understanding of multiple photoswitches, supramolecular chemistry, and various application prospects. In fact, several insightful and conceptual designs of such systems were investigated with architectural distinctions. In particular, the demonstration of applications such as data storage with the help of multistate or orthogonal photoswitches, light modulation of catalysis via cooperative switching, sensors using supramolecular host-guest interactions, and materials such as liquid crystals, grating, actuators, etc. are some of the milestones in this area. Herein, we cover the recent advancements in the research areas of multiazoarenes containing systems that have been classified into Type-1 {linear, non-linear, and core-based (A)}, Type-2 {tripodal C3 -symmetric (C3)} and Type-3 {macrocyclic (M)} structural motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravesh Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Manauli (PO), Punjab, 140306, INDIA
| | - Debapriya Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Manauli (PO), Punjab, 140306, INDIA
| | - Surbhi Grewal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Manauli (PO), Punjab, 140306, INDIA
| | - Anjali Srivastava
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Manauli (PO), Punjab, 140306, INDIA
| | - Ankit Kumar Gaur
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Manauli (PO), Punjab, 140306, INDIA
| | - Sugumar Venkataramani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Manauli (PO), Punjab, 140306, INDIA
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9
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Wu P, Ren H, Han D, Yu S. The Colorimetric Sensor Based on Azobenzenes with Sulfonamide Group for Fluorine Ion and Moisture Detection in Organic Solvents. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology Jilin People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Ren
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology Jilin People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Han
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology Jilin People's Republic of China
| | - Shihua Yu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology Jilin People's Republic of China
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10
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Srivastava A, Grewal S, Bari NK, Saraswat M, Sinha S, Venkataramani S. Light-controlled shape-changing azomacrocycles exhibiting reversible modulation of pyrene fluorescence emission. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:5284-5292. [PMID: 35713091 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00866a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We report the design, synthesis, and study of light-induced shape-changing azomacrocycles. These systems have been incorporated with azobenzene photoswitches using alkoxy tethers and triazole units to afford flexibility and binding. We envision that such azomacrocycles are capable of reversibly binding with the guest molecule. Remarkably, we have demonstrated fully light-controlled fluorescence quenching and enhancement in the monomeric emission of pyrene (guest). Such modulations have been achieved by the photoisomerization of the azomacrocycle and, in turn, host-guest interactions. Also, the azomacrocycles tend to aggregate and can also be controlled by light or heat. We uncovered such phenomena using spectroscopic, microscopic, and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) studies and computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Srivastava
- Department of Chemical Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli 140 306, Punjab, India.
| | - Surbhi Grewal
- Department of Chemical Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli 140 306, Punjab, India.
| | - Naimat K Bari
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli 140 306, Punjab, India.
| | - Mayank Saraswat
- Department of Chemical Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli 140 306, Punjab, India.
| | - Sharmistha Sinha
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli 140 306, Punjab, India.
| | - Sugumar Venkataramani
- Department of Chemical Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli 140 306, Punjab, India.
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11
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Wang Y, Li B, Zhu J, Zhang W, Zheng B, Zhao W, Tang J, Yang X, Wu B. Light‐Triggered High‐Affinity Binding of Tetramethylammonium over Potassium Ions by [18]crown‐6 in a Tetrahedral Anion Cage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201789. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Boyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Wenyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Juan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Xiao‐Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Biao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
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12
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Wang Y, Li B, Zhu J, Zhang W, Zheng B, Zhao W, Tang J, Yang X, Wu B. Light‐Triggered High‐Affinity Binding of Tetramethylammonium over Potassium Ions by [18]crown‐6 in a Tetrahedral Anion Cage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Boyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Wenyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Juan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Xiao‐Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Biao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
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13
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Lee H, Tessarolo J, Langbehn D, Baksi A, Herges R, Clever GH. Light-Powered Dissipative Assembly of Diazocine Coordination Cages. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3099-3105. [PMID: 35081312 PMCID: PMC8874908 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Stimuli-responsive
coordination cages allow reversible control
over guest binding and release, relevant for adaptive receptors, carriers,
catalysts, and complex systems. Light serves as an advantageous stimulus,
as it can be applied with precise spatial and temporal resolution
without producing chemical waste products. We report the first Pd-mediated
coordination cage based on ligands embedding a diazocine photoswitch.
While the thermodynamically more stable cis-photoisomer
sloppily assembles to a mixture of species with general formula [Pdncis-L2n], the less stable trans-isomer yields a defined [Pd2trans-L4] cage that reversibly converts
back to the cis-system by irradiation at 530 nm or
thermal relaxation. The [Pdncis-L2n]
species do not bind a given guest; however, [Pd2trans-L4] is able to
encapsulate a bis-sulfonate as long as it is kept assembled, requiring
continuous irradiation at 385 nm. In the absence of UV light, thermal
relaxation results in back-switching and guest release. Assembly and
properties of the system were characterized by a combination of NMR,
ion mobility ESI-MS, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and UV–vis
absorption studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeri Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto Hahn Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Hannam University, 1646, Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Jacopo Tessarolo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto Hahn Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Daniel Langbehn
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts University, Otto Hahn Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ananya Baksi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto Hahn Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts University, Otto Hahn Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Guido H Clever
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto Hahn Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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14
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Vybornyi O, Liu S, Häner R. Stimuli-Responsive Supramolecular Polymers from Amphiphilic Phosphodiester-Linked Azobenzene Trimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25872-25877. [PMID: 34529324 PMCID: PMC9298031 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An amphiphilic phosphodiester-linked azobenzene trimer has been exploited in the development of stimuli-responsive, water-soluble supramolecular polymers. The trimer can reversibly undergo thermal and photoisomerization between Z- and E-isomers. Its self-assembly properties in aqueous medium have been investigated by spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, demonstrating that E- and Z-azobenzene trimers form supramolecular nanosheets and toroidal nanostructures, respectively. By virtue of the E/Z photoisomerization of the azobenzene units, the two different supramolecular morphologies can be switched by photoirradiation. The findings pave a way towards stimuli-responsive, water-soluble supramolecular polymers which hold great promise in the development of smart functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleh Vybornyi
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BernFreiestrasse 33012BernSwitzerland
| | - Shi‐Xia Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BernFreiestrasse 33012BernSwitzerland
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BernFreiestrasse 33012BernSwitzerland
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Vybornyi O, Liu S, Häner R. Stimuli‐Responsive Supramolecular Polymers from Amphiphilic Phosphodiester‐Linked Azobenzene Trimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleh Vybornyi
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Shi‐Xia Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
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16
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Laikov DN. Optimization of atomic density-fitting basis functions for molecular two-electron integral approximations. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:114121. [PMID: 32962362 DOI: 10.1063/5.0014639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A general procedure for the optimization of atomic density-fitting basis functions is designed with the balance between accuracy and numerical stability in mind. Given one-electron wavefunctions and energies, weights are assigned to the product densities, modeling their contribution to the exchange and second-order correlation energy, and a simple weighted error measure is minimized. Generally contracted Gaussian auxiliary basis sets are optimized to match the wavefunction basis sets [D. N. Laikov, Theor. Chem. Acc. 138, 40 (2019)] for all 102 elements in a scalar-relativistic approximation [D. N. Laikov, J. Chem. Phys. 150, 061103 (2019)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri N Laikov
- Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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