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Kornet MM, Müller TJJ. Recent Advances in Sequentially Pd-Catalyzed One-Pot Syntheses of Heterocycles. Molecules 2024; 29:5265. [PMID: 39598654 PMCID: PMC11596252 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29225265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2024] [Revised: 11/01/2024] [Accepted: 11/05/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Sequential Pd-catalyzed one-pot synthetic methodologies have emerged as a powerful and versatile approach in organic synthesis, enabling the construction of complex heterocyclic architectures with high efficiency, selectivity, and atom economy. This review discusses key advancements in multistep, sequentially Pd-catalyzed one-pot processes for accessing heterocyclic derivatives, focusing on classic reactions like Suzuki-Miyaura, Sonogashira, Heck, and hydroamination and extending to specialized techniques such as directed C-H activation. The concatenation of these steps has advanced the scope of one-pot strategies. A section is dedicated to exploring the cooperative use of palladium with other metals, particularly copper, ruthenium, and gold, which has broadened the range of accessible heterocyclic derivatives. Highlighted applications include the synthesis of biologically and pharmaceutically relevant compounds, such as tris(hetero)aryl systems, spiro-oxindoles, and indole derivatives. These one-pot strategies not only streamline synthesis but also align with green chemistry principles by minimizing purification steps and reducing waste and energy consumption. The review also addresses current challenges and limitations in these methodologies, offering insights into ongoing efforts to optimize reaction conditions and expand the applicability of sequential Pd-catalyzed processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryna M. Kornet
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Laboratory for Biotechnology of Physiologically Active Substances, Faculty of Biology, Zaporizhzhia National University, 66 Universytetska Str., 69600 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Thomas J. J. Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Baidya R, Khamarui S, Molla SA, Pratihar P, Das P, Pati TK, Maiti DK. Ru II-Catalyzed C-H Activated Diverse Cyclization with Transformation of Substrate-DG to Functional Groups: Synthesis of Functionalized Indoles and Indenones. J Org Chem 2024; 89:14183-14196. [PMID: 39283992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
We present an elegant and efficient method for Ru(II)-catalyzed C-H activation, followed by a diverse range of intermolecular cross-dehydrogenative coupling reactions. This process is facilitated by an intrinsic directing group (DG) and includes the in situ transformation of the DG into common and useful functional groups. Notably, this method avoids the installation and deinstallation of the directing group. Our approach enables the selective functionalization of benzimidate, coupled with the cyclization of o-alkynyl-aniline, resulting in the high-yield synthesis of diverse compounds such as indoles, and indenones. The sequential formation of C-N, C-C, and C-O bonds, followed by hydrolysis, underscores the versatile in situ transformation of the directing group. This work not only broadens the synthetic toolbox for constructing complex heterocyclic structures but also highlights the potential for sustainable and selective synthesis of valuable compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramlal Baidya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Saikat Khamarui
- Department of Chemistry, Government General Degree College, Kalna-1, Burdwan 713405, India
| | - Sabir A Molla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Pintu Pratihar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Prasenjit Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Tanmay K Pati
- Department of Chemistry, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3522, United States
| | - Dilip K Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
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Watanabe K, Nakano K, Sato H, Yamaoka T, Yoshida Y, Takita R, Kasashima Y, Sakamoto M, Mino T. Synthesis of Branch-Type 3-Allylindoles from N-Alkyl- N-cinnamyl-2-ethynylaniline Derivatives Using π-Allylpalladium Chloride Complex as a Catalyst. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38728550 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The reaction of N-alkyl-N-cinnamyl-2-ethynylaniline derivatives 1 via annulation and aza-Claisen-type rearrangement easily afforded corresponding branch-type 3-allylindoles 2 with high regioselectivities in good yields using π-allylpalladium chloride complex as a catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Watanabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Keita Nakano
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hayato Sato
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yamaoka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yoshida
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Soft Molecular Activation Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Ryo Takita
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kasashima
- Education Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Shibazono 2-2-1, Narashino, Chiba 275-0023, Japan
| | - Masami Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Mino
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Soft Molecular Activation Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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Miki K, Maeda K, Matsubara R, Hayashi M. Synthesis of 2-(Pyridin-2-yl)phenols and 2-(Pyridin-2-yl)anilines. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5797-5810. [PMID: 38563078 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report a new synthetic strategy for 2-(pyridin-2-yl)phenols and 2-(pyridin-2-yl)anilines catalyzed by a Pd/C-ethylene system. The starting materials, 2-(pyridin-2-yl)cyclohexan-1-ones, can be easily prepared by the reaction of substituted pyridine N-oxide and cyclohexanones. The most useful feature of this method is that both 2-(pyridin-2-yl)phenols and 2-(pyridin-2-yl)anilines are easily synthesized independently using the same compound as a starting material, simply by adding or not adding a nitrogen source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Miki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Katsumi Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Matsubara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiko Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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