1
|
Camara F, Gavaggio T, Dautreppe B, Chauvin J, Pécaut J, Aldakov D, Collomb MN, Fortage J. Electrochemical Properties of a Rhodium(III) Mono-Terpyridyl Complex and Use as a Catalyst for Light-Driven Hydrogen Evolution in Water. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196614. [PMID: 36235152 PMCID: PMC9571878 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular hydrogen (H2) is considered one of the most promising fuels to decarbonize the industrial and transportation sectors, and its photocatalytic production from molecular catalysts is a research field that is still abounding. The search for new molecular catalysts for H2 production with simple and easily synthesized ligands is still ongoing, and the terpyridine ligand with its particular electronic and coordination properties, is a good candidate to design new catalysts meeting these requirements. Herein, we have isolated the new mono-terpyridyl rhodium complex, [RhIII(tpy)(CH3CN)Cl2](CF3SO3) (Rh-tpy), and shown that it can act as a catalyst for the light-induced proton reduction into H2 in water in the presence of the [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2 (Ru) photosensitizer and ascorbate as sacrificial electron donor. Under photocatalytic conditions, in acetate buffer at pH 4.5 with 0.1 M of ascorbate and 530 μM of Ru, the Rh-tpy catalyst produces H2 with turnover number versus catalyst (TONCat*) of 300 at a Rh concentration of 10 μM, and up to 1000 at a concentration of 1 μM. The photocatalytic performance of Ru/Rh-tpy/HA-/H2A has been also compared with that obtained with the bis-dimethyl-bipyridyl complex [RhIII(dmbpy)2Cl2]+ (Rh2) as a catalyst in the same experimental conditions. The investigation of the electrochemical properties of Rh-tpy in DMF solvent reveals that the two-electrons reduced state of the complex, the square-planar [RhI(tpy)Cl] (RhI-tpy), is quantitatively electrogenerated by bulk electrolysis. This complex is stable for hours under an inert atmosphere owing to the π-acceptor property of the terpyridine ligand that stabilizes the low oxidation states of the rhodium, making this catalyst less prone to degrade during photocatalysis. The π-acceptor property of terpyridine also confers to the Rh-tpy catalyst a moderately negative reduction potential (Epc(RhIII/RhI) = -0.83 V vs. SCE in DMF), making possible its reduction by the reduced state of Ru, [RuII(bpy)(bpy•-)]+ (Ru-) (E1/2(RuII/Ru-) = -1.50 V vs. SCE) generated by a reductive quenching of the Ru excited state (*Ru) by ascorbate during photocatalysis. A Stern-Volmer plot and transient absorption spectroscopy confirmed that the first step of the photocatalytic process is the reductive quenching of *Ru by ascorbate. The resulting reduced Ru species (Ru-) were then able to activate the RhIII-tpy H2-evolving catalyst by reduction generating RhI-tpy, which can react with a proton on a sub-nanosecond time scale to form a RhIII(H)-tpy hydride, the key intermediate for H2 evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fakourou Camara
- DCM, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
- SyMMES, IRIG, CEA, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Gavaggio
- DCM, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Jérôme Chauvin
- DCM, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jacques Pécaut
- SyMMES, IRIG, CEA, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Dmitry Aldakov
- SyMMES, IRIG, CEA, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Marie-Noëlle Collomb
- DCM, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Correspondence: (M.-N.C.); (J.F.)
| | - Jérôme Fortage
- DCM, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Correspondence: (M.-N.C.); (J.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pytlarczyk M, Herman J, Arakawa Y, Tsuji H, Kula P. Deuterated Liquid Crystals – practical synthesis of deuterium labeled 4-alkyl-4″-isothiocyanato-[1,1ʹ:4ʹ,1″]terphenyls. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
3
|
Dhiman R, Nagaraja CM. Synthesis, Structure, and Water Oxidation Activity of Ruthenium(II) Complexes: Influence of Intramolecular Redox Process on O
2
Evolution. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Dhiman
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Ropar 140001 Rupnagar Punjab India
| | - C. M. Nagaraja
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Ropar 140001 Rupnagar Punjab India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Canterbury TR, Arachchige SM, Brewer KJ, Moore RB. Probing Co-Assembly of Supramolecular Photocatalysts and Polyelectrolytes Using Isothermal Titration Calorimetry. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:6238-6244. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b02462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karen J. Brewer
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0212, United States
| | - Robert B. Moore
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0212, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cao J, Zhou Y. Excited state relaxation processes of H 2-evolving Ru-Pd supramolecular photocatalysts containing a linear or non-linear bridge: a DFT and TDDFT study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:11529-11539. [PMID: 28425524 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07857e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the early-time excited state relaxation processes of bimetallic Ru-Pd supramolecular photocatalysts containing a linear 2,2':5',2''-terpyridine or a nonlinear 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine bridging ligand (BL) were investigated by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) approaches. The bridge based metal-to-ligand charge transfer triplet (3MLCT) state of the metal complex containing a linear bridging ligand was calculated to be the lowest energy triplet (T1) state which is closely related to the photocatalytic H2 production, while for that having a nonlinear bridging ligand, the T1 state is a Ru metal-centered (MC) triplet (3MCRu) state that is short-lived and rapidly decays to the ground electronic state (S0). Our simulation provides an alternative explanation for the smaller interligand electron transfer (ILET) rate in the Ru-Pd complex containing a linear bridge compared to the corresponding monometal Ru complex. Based on the calculation, we also suggest that the successive 3MLCT → 3MCRu → S0 conversion is responsible for the inefficiency of the Ru-Pd complex containing nonlinear bridge as a photocatalyst for H2 production. This study provides theoretical insights into the key steps of the photoinduced processes of the bimetallic H2-evolving supramolecular photocatalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cao
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-material Science, Guizhou Synergetic Innovation Center of Scientific Big Data for Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550018, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sayre HJ, White TA, Brewer KJ. Increased photocatalytic activity in Ru(II),Rh(III) supramolecular bimetallic complexes with terminal ligand substitution. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2016.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
7
|
Cheng F, Yu S, Liu P, Ren M, He C. Synthesis, photophysical, and electrochemical properties of six Ru(II) complexes: asymmetric ligands composed of 6-phenyl substituted 2,2′-bipyridine and 4,5-diazafluorene derivatives. J COORD CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2016.1235701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, PR China
| | - Shiwen Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, PR China
| | - Pinhua Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, PR China
| | - Mingli Ren
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, PR China
| | - Chixian He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cheng F, Yu S, Ren M, He C, Yin H. Di- and trinuclear Ru(II) complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline and 2,2′-bipyridine derivatives; synthesis, photophysical and electrochemical properties. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-016-0022-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|