1
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Cesario D, Fortino M, Marino T, Nunzi F, Russo N, Sicilia E. The role of the halogen bond in iodothyronine deiodinase: Dependence on chalcogen substitution in naphthyl-based mimetics. J Comput Chem 2020; 40:944-951. [PMID: 30681189 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The effects on the activity of thyroxine (T4) due to the chalcogen replacement in a series of peri-substituted naphthalenes mimicking the catalytic function of deiodinase enzymes are computationally examined using density functional theory. In particular, T4 inner-ring deiodination pathways assisted by naphthyl-based models bearing two tellurols and a tellurol-thiol pair in peri-position are explored and compared with the analogous energy profiles for the naphthalene mimic having two selenols. The presence of a halogen bond (XB) in the intermediate formed in the first step and involved in the rate-determining step of the reaction is assumed to facilitate the process increasing the rate of the reaction. The rate-determining step calculated energy barrier heights allow rationalizing the experimentally observed superior catalytic activity of tellurium containing mimics. Charge displacement analysis is used to ascertain the presence and the role of the electron density charge transfer occurring in the rate-determining step of the reaction, suggesting the incipient formation or presence of a XB interaction. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Cesario
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, I-06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Fortino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, I-87030, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Tiziana Marino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, I-87030, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca Nunzi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, I-06123, Perugia, Italy.,Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (ISTM-CNR), I-06123, Perugia, Italy.,Consortium for Computational Molecular and Materials Sciences (CMS)2, I-06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Nino Russo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, I-87030, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Emilia Sicilia
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, I-87030, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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2
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Nunzi F, Pannacci G, Tarantelli F, Belpassi L, Cappelletti D, Falcinelli S, Pirani F. Leading Interaction Components in the Structure and Reactivity of Noble Gases Compounds. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25102367. [PMID: 32443725 PMCID: PMC7287633 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The nature, strength, range and role of the bonds in adducts of noble gas atoms with both neutral and ionic partners have been investigated by exploiting a fine-tuned integrated phenomenological–theoretical approach. The identification of the leading interaction components in the noble gases adducts and their modeling allows the encompassing of the transitions from pure noncovalent to covalent bound aggregates and to rationalize the anomalous behavior (deviations from noncovalent type interaction) pointed out in peculiar cases. Selected adducts affected by a weak chemical bond, as those promoting the formation of the intermolecular halogen bond, are also properly rationalized. The behavior of noble gas atoms excited in their long-life metastable states, showing a strongly enhanced reactivity, has been also enclosed in the present investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Nunzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy; (G.P.); (F.T.); (D.C.)
- Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (CNR-SCITEC), via Elce di Sotto, I-06123 Perugia, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.N.); (F.P.)
| | - Giacomo Pannacci
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy; (G.P.); (F.T.); (D.C.)
| | - Francesco Tarantelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy; (G.P.); (F.T.); (D.C.)
- Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (CNR-SCITEC), via Elce di Sotto, I-06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (CNR-SCITEC), via Elce di Sotto, I-06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - David Cappelletti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy; (G.P.); (F.T.); (D.C.)
| | - Stefano Falcinelli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile ed Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via G. Duranti 93, 06215 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Fernando Pirani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy; (G.P.); (F.T.); (D.C.)
- Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (CNR-SCITEC), via Elce di Sotto, I-06123 Perugia, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.N.); (F.P.)
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3
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Ciancaleoni G, Belpassi L. Disentanglement of orthogonal hydrogen and halogen bonds via natural orbital for chemical valence: A charge displacement analysis. J Comput Chem 2020; 41:1185-1193. [PMID: 32011001 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
As known, the electron density of covalently bound halogen atoms is anisotropically distributed, making them potentially able to establish many weak interactions, acting at the same time as halogen bond donors and hydrogen bond acceptors. Indeed, there are many examples in which the halogen and hydrogen bond coexist in the same structure and, if a correct bond analysis is required, their separation is mandatory. Here, the advantages and limitations of coupling the charge displacement analysis with natural orbital for chemical valence method (NOCV-CD) to separately analyze orthogonal weak interactions are shown, for both symmetric and asymmetric adducts. The methodology gives optimal results with intermolecular adducts but, in the presence of an organometallic complex, also intramolecular interactions can be correctly analyzed. Beyond the methodological aspects, it is shown that correctly separate and quantify the interactions can give interesting chemical insights about the systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Ciancaleoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "G. Natta"-CNR (CNR-SCITEC), c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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4
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Borocci S, Grandinetti F, Sanna N, Antoniotti P, Nunzi F. Complexes of helium with neutral molecules: Progress toward a quantitative scale of bonding character. J Comput Chem 2020; 41:1000-1011. [PMID: 31960984 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The complexes of helium with nearly 30 neutral molecules (M) were investigated by various techniques of bonding analysis and symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT). The main investigated function was the local electron energy density H(r), analyzed, in particular, so to estimate the degree of polarization (DoP) of He in the various He(M). As we showed recently (Borocci et al., J. Comput. Chem., 2019, 40, 2318-2328), the DoP is a quantitative index that is generally informative about the role of polarization (induction plus charge transfer [CT]) and dispersion in noncovalent noble gas complexes. As further evidence in this regard, we presently ascertained quantitative correlations between the DoP(He) of the He(M) and indices based on the electron density ρ(r), including the molecular electrostatic potential at the HeM bond critical point, as well as the percentage contributions of induction and dispersion to the SAPT binding energies. Based also on the explicit evaluation of the CT, accomplished through the study of the charge-displacement function, we derived a quantitative scale that ranks the He(M) according to their dispersive, inductive, and CT bonding character. Our taken approach could be conceivably extended to other types of noncovalent complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Borocci
- Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università della Tuscia, L.go dell'Università, s.n.c., Viterbo, Italy.,Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici del CNR, Monterotondo, RM Italy
| | - Felice Grandinetti
- Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università della Tuscia, L.go dell'Università, s.n.c., Viterbo, Italy.,Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici del CNR, Monterotondo, RM Italy
| | - Nico Sanna
- Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università della Tuscia, L.go dell'Università, s.n.c., Viterbo, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Nunzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie (DCBB), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta" (CNR-SCITEC), Perugia, Italy
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5
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Ciancaleoni G, Nunzi F, Belpassi L. Charge Displacement Analysis-A Tool to Theoretically Characterize the Charge Transfer Contribution of Halogen Bonds. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020300. [PMID: 31940866 PMCID: PMC7024339 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Theoretical bonding analysis is of prime importance for the deep understanding of the various chemical interactions, covalent or not. Among the various methods that have been developed in the last decades, the analysis of the Charge Displacement function (CD) demonstrated to be useful to reveal the charge transfer effects in many contexts, from weak hydrogen bonds, to the characterization of σ hole interactions, as halogen, chalcogen and pnictogen bonding or even in the decomposition of the metal-ligand bond. Quite often, the CD analysis has also been coupled with experimental techniques, in order to give a complete description of the system under study. In this review, we focus on the use of CD analysis on halogen bonded systems, describing the most relevant literature examples about gas phase and condensed phase systems. Chemical insights will be drawn about the nature of halogen bond, its cooperativity and its influence on metal-ligand bond components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Ciancaleoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Pisa, via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-221-9351
| | - Francesca Nunzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy;
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” del CNR (SCITEC-CNR), via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” del CNR (SCITEC-CNR), via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy;
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6
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Vieira LR, de Brito SF, Barbosa MR, Lopes TO, Machado DFS, de Oliveira HCB. Non-covalent interactions and their impact on the complexation thermodynamics of noble gases with methanol. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:17171-17180. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01416h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Accurate ab initio calculations provide the reliable information needed to study the potential energy surfaces that control the non-covalent interactions (NCIs) responsible for the formation of weak van der Waals complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcio Renan Vieira
- Laboratório de Modelagem de Sistemas Complexos (LMSC)
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade de Brasília
- Brasília
- Brazil
| | - Sandro Francisco de Brito
- Laboratório de Modelagem de Sistemas Complexos (LMSC)
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade de Brasília
- Brasília
- Brazil
| | - Mateus Rodrigues Barbosa
- Laboratório de Modelagem de Sistemas Complexos (LMSC)
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade de Brasília
- Brasília
- Brazil
| | - Thiago Oliveira Lopes
- Laboratório de Modelagem de Sistemas Complexos (LMSC)
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade de Brasília
- Brasília
- Brazil
| | | | - Heibbe Cristhian B. de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Estrutura Eletrônica e Dinâmica Molecular (LEEDMOL)
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal de Goiás
- Goiânia
- Brazil
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7
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Nunzi F, Di Erasmo B, Tarantelli F, Cappelletti D, Pirani F. The Halogen-Bond Nature in Noble Gas-Dihalogen Complexes from Scattering Experiments and Ab Initio Calculations. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234274. [PMID: 31771210 PMCID: PMC6930525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to clarify the nature of the halogen bond (XB), we considered the prototype noble gas–dihalogen molecule (Ng–X2) systems, focusing on the nature, range, and strength of the interaction. We exploited data gained from molecular beam scattering experiments with the measure of interference effects to obtain a suitable formulation of the interaction potential, with the support of high-level ab initio calculations, and charge displacement analysis. The essential interaction components involved in the Ng–X2 adducts were characterized, pointing at their critical balance in the definition of the XB. Particular emphasis is devoted to the energy stability of the orientational Ng–X2 isomers, the barrier for the X2 hindered rotation, and the influence of the X2 electronic state. The present integrated study returns reliable force fields for molecular dynamic simulations in Ng–X2 complexes that can be extended to systems with increasing complexity and whose properties depend on the selective formation of XB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Nunzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy; (B.D.E.); (F.T.); (D.C.)
- Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (CNR-SCITEC), via Elce di Sotto, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.N.); (F.P.)
| | - Benedetta Di Erasmo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy; (B.D.E.); (F.T.); (D.C.)
| | - Francesco Tarantelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy; (B.D.E.); (F.T.); (D.C.)
- Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (CNR-SCITEC), via Elce di Sotto, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - David Cappelletti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy; (B.D.E.); (F.T.); (D.C.)
| | - Fernando Pirani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy; (B.D.E.); (F.T.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: (F.N.); (F.P.)
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8
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Borghesi C, Radicchi E, Belpassi L, Meggiolaro D, De Angelis F, Nunzi F. The nature of the lead-iodine bond in PbI2: A case study for the modelling of lead halide perovskites. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2019.112558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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9
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Cesario D, Nunzi F, Belpassi L, Pirani F, Ronca E, Tarantelli F. Chemical Bond Mechanism for Helium Revealed by Electronic Excitation. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:6572-6577. [PMID: 31274318 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b05351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Helium chemistry is notoriously very impervious. It is therefore certainly no surprise that, for example, beryllium and helium atoms, in their ground state, do not bind. Full configuration-interaction calculations show that the same turns out to be true, save for a long-range shallow attraction, for the Be+ + He system. However, quite astonishingly, when one electron is re-added to Be+ in an excited 2pπ or 3s orbital (Be 1P or 1S), a bound adduct with He is formed, at an interatomic separation as short as 1.5 Å. Understanding why this happens reveals an unsuspected chemical mechanism that stabilizes helium compounds at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Cesario
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università di Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Francesca Nunzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università di Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy.,Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM) , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM) , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Fernando Pirani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università di Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy.,Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM) , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Enrico Ronca
- Max-Planck-Institut für Struktur und Dynamik der Materie , Luruper Chaussee 149 , 22761 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Francesco Tarantelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università di Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy.,Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM) , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy
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10
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Borocci S, Grandinetti F, Sanna N, Antoniotti P, Nunzi F. Noncovalent Complexes of the Noble-Gas Atoms: Analyzing the Transition from Physical to Chemical Interactions. J Comput Chem 2019; 40:2318-2328. [PMID: 31254471 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The bonding character of the noncovalent complexes of the noble-gas (Ng) atoms ranges from nearly purely dispersive contacts to interactions featuring appreciable contributions of induction and charge transfer. In this study, we discuss a new quantitative index that seems peculiarly informative about these diverse bonding situations. This index was termed as the degree of polarization (DoP) of Ng, as it measures, in essence, the Ng polarization promoted by the binding partner. The definition of the DoP(Ng) relies on the analysis of the local electron energy density H(r), and its physical meaning was best appreciated by studying also the charge-displacement function and the molecular electrostatic potential of the investigated benchmark species, that include nearly 60 Ngs complexes of different bonding character. The DoP(Ng) appears of general applicability, and is also positively correlated with other bonding character indices. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Borocci
- Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università della Tuscia, L.go dell'Università, s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy.,Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici del CNR, Via Salaria, Km 29.500, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Felice Grandinetti
- Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università della Tuscia, L.go dell'Università, s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy.,Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici del CNR, Via Salaria, Km 29.500, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Nico Sanna
- Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università della Tuscia, L.go dell'Università, s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Paola Antoniotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria, 7 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Nunzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie (DCBB), Via Elce di Sotto, 8 06123 Perugia, Italy.,Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (ISTM-CNR), Via Elce di Sotto, 8 06123 Perugia, Italy
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11
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Cappelletti D, Cinti A, Nicoziani A, Falcinelli S, Pirani F. Molecular Beam Scattering Experiments as a Sensitive Probe of the Interaction in Bromine-Noble Gas Complexes. Front Chem 2019; 7:320. [PMID: 31157202 PMCID: PMC6534045 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reports for the first time molecular beam experiments for the scattering of He, Ne, and Ar by the Br2 molecule, with the aim of probing in detail the intermolecular interaction. Measurements have been performed under the experimental condition to resolve the glory pattern, a quantum interference effect observable in the collision velocity dependence of the integral cross section. We analyzed the experimental data with a reliable potential model defined as a combination of an anisotropic van der Waals component with the additional contribution due to charge transfer and polar flattening effects related to the formation of an intermolecular halogen bond. The model involves few parameters, whose values are related to fundamental physical properties of the interacting partners, and it allows an internally consistent comparison of the stability of the gas-phase adducts formed by Br2 moiety with different noble gases as well as homologous complexes with the Cl2 molecule. The same model appears to be also easily generalized to describe the interaction of diatomic halogen molecules in the excited B(3Π) electronic state where the halogen bond contribution tends to vanish and more anisotropic van der Waals components dominate the structure of the complexes with noble gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cappelletti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Cinti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Nicoziani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Falcinelli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile ed Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Fernando Pirani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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12
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Nunzi F, Cesario D, Belpassi L, Tarantelli F, Roncaratti LF, Falcinelli S, Cappelletti D, Pirani F. Insight into the halogen-bond nature of noble gas-chlorine systems by molecular beam scattering experiments, ab initio calculations and charge displacement analysis. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:7330-7340. [PMID: 30896694 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00300b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have carried out molecular-beam scattering experiments and high-level ab initio investigations on the potential energy surfaces of a series of noble-gas-Cl2 adducts. This effort has permitted the construction of a simple, reliable and easily generalizable analytical model potential formulation, which is based on a few physically meaningful parameters of the interacting partners and transparently shows the origin, strength, and stereospecificity of the various interaction components. The results demonstrate quantitatively beyond doubt that the interaction between a noble-gas (Ng) atom - even He - and Cl2 in a collinear configuration is characterized by weak halogen bond (XB) formation, accompanied by charge transfer (CT) from the Ng to chlorine. This characteristic, which stabilizes the adduct, rapidly disappears on going towards the T-shaped configuration, dominated by pure van der Waals (vdW) forces. Similarly, a pure vdW interaction takes place - with no CT component in any configuration - if Cl2 is present in the lowest πg* → σu* excited state, because the change in electron density that accompanies the excitation eliminates the Cl2 polar flattening and σ hole, making the XB interaction inaccessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Nunzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
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13
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Pirani F, Cappelletti D, Falcinelli S, Cesario D, Nunzi F, Belpassi L, Tarantelli F. Selective Emergence of the Halogen Bond in Ground and Excited States of Noble‐Gas–Chlorine Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pirani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di Perugia via Elce di Sotto 8 06213 Perugia Italy
| | - David Cappelletti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di Perugia via Elce di Sotto 8 06213 Perugia Italy
| | - Stefano Falcinelli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile ed AmbientaleUniversità degli Studi di Perugia via G. Duranti 93 06215 Perugia Italy
| | - Diego Cesario
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di Perugia via Elce di Sotto 8 06213 Perugia Italy
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam Center for Multiscale ModelingVrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1083 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Nunzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di Perugia via Elce di Sotto 8 06213 Perugia Italy
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (ISTM-CNR) via Elce di Sotto 8 06123 Perugia Italy
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (ISTM-CNR) via Elce di Sotto 8 06123 Perugia Italy
| | - Francesco Tarantelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di Perugia via Elce di Sotto 8 06213 Perugia Italy
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (ISTM-CNR) via Elce di Sotto 8 06123 Perugia Italy
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14
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Pirani F, Cappelletti D, Falcinelli S, Cesario D, Nunzi F, Belpassi L, Tarantelli F. Selective Emergence of the Halogen Bond in Ground and Excited States of Noble-Gas-Chlorine Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4195-4199. [PMID: 30701641 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Molecular-beam scattering experiments and theoretical calculations prove the nature, strength, and selectivity of the halogen bonds (XB) in the interaction of halogen molecules with the series of noble gas (Ng) atoms. The XB, accompanied by charge transfer from the Ng to the halogen, is shown to take place in, and measurably stabilize, the collinear conformation of the adducts, which thus becomes (in contrast to what happens for other Ng-molecule systems) approximately as bound as the T-shaped form. It is also shown how and why XB is inhibited when the halogen molecule is in the 3 Πu excited state. A general potential formulation fitting the experimental observables, based on few physically essential parameters, is proposed to describe the interaction accurately and is validated by ab initio computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pirani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06213, Perugia, Italy
| | - David Cappelletti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06213, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Falcinelli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile ed Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via G. Duranti 93, 06215, Perugia, Italy
| | - Diego Cesario
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06213, Perugia, Italy.,Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Nunzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06213, Perugia, Italy.,Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (ISTM-CNR), via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (ISTM-CNR), via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Tarantelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06213, Perugia, Italy.,Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (ISTM-CNR), via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy
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15
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De Santis M, Nunzi F, Cesario D, Belpassi L, Tarantelli F, Cappelletti D, Pirani F. Cooperative role of halogen and hydrogen bonding in the stabilization of water adducts with apolar molecules. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00552d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conversely to the H2O–CF4 adduct, an appreciable intermolecular bond stabilization by charge transfer is operative in the H2O–CCl4 system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo De Santis
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Biologia e Biotecnologie
- I-06123 Perugia
- Italy
| | - Francesca Nunzi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (ISTM-CNR)
- I-06123 Perugia
- Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Biologia e Biotecnologie
| | - Diego Cesario
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Biologia e Biotecnologie
- I-06123 Perugia
- Italy
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (ISTM-CNR)
- I-06123 Perugia
- Italy
- Consortium for Computational Molecular and Materials Sciences (CMS)2
- I-06123 Perugia
| | - Francesco Tarantelli
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (ISTM-CNR)
- I-06123 Perugia
- Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Biologia e Biotecnologie
| | | | - Fernando Pirani
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Biologia e Biotecnologie
- I-06123 Perugia
- Italy
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16
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de Oliveira RM, Roncaratti LF, de Macedo LGM, Gargano R. The interaction of CCl 4 with Ng (Ng = He, Ne, Ar), O 2, D 2O and ND 3: rovibrational energies, spectroscopic constants and theoretical calculations. J Mol Model 2017; 23:87. [PMID: 28224331 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3269-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This investigation generated rovibrational energies and spectroscopic constants for systems of CCl4 with Ng (Ng = He, Ne, Ar), O2, D2O and ND3 from scattering experimental data, and the results presented are of interest for microwave spectroscopy studies of small halogenated molecules. The rovibrational spectra were obtained through two different approaches (Dunham and DVR) within the improved Lennard Jones (ILJ) model. Spectra were also generated within ordinary Lennard Jones and deviations suggest that the ILJ model should be preferred due to interactions beyond dispersion forces presented in these systems. Data from the literature and additional high level quantum mechanical calculations presented in this work show that these systems should not be considered as van der Waals complexes due to halogen bonding (HB) interactions, and this is especially true for the CCl4-D2O and CCl4-ND3 complexes. The charge displacement from the latter systems are one order of magnitude higher than the values from literature for CCl4 and He, Ne, Ar and O2 systems, and show significant deviations between DFT and Hartree-Fock values not previously reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhuiago M de Oliveira
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), PO Box 04455, Brasília, DF, 70919-970, Brazil
| | - Luiz F Roncaratti
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), PO Box 04455, Brasília, DF, 70919-970, Brazil
| | - Luiz Guilherme M de Macedo
- Faculdade de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Gargano
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), PO Box 04455, Brasília, DF, 70919-970, Brazil
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17
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Cappelletti D, Falcinelli S, Pirani F. The intermolecular interaction in D2 − CX4 and O2 − CX4 (X = F, Cl) systems: Molecular beam scattering experiments as a sensitive probe of the selectivity of charge transfer component. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:134305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4964092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David Cappelletti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Stefano Falcinelli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile ed Ambientale, Università di Perugia, Via G. Duranti 93, Perugia 06125, Italy
| | - Fernando Pirani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia 06123, Italy
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18
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Ciancaleoni G, Arca M, Caramori GF, Frenking G, Schneider FSS, Lippolis V. Bonding Analysis in Homo‐ and Hetero‐Trihalide Species: A Charge Displacement Study. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Ciancaleoni
- Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina 88040‐900 Florianópolis SC Brazil
| | - Massimiliano Arca
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu 09042 Monserrato (CA) Italy
| | - Giovanni F. Caramori
- Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina 88040‐900 Florianópolis SC Brazil
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps‐Universität Marburg Hans‐Meerwein‐Strasse 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Felipe S. S. Schneider
- Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina 88040‐900 Florianópolis SC Brazil
| | - Vito Lippolis
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu 09042 Monserrato (CA) Italy
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