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Yamada T, Shimizu D, Matsuda K. Oxidation of Weakly Interacting Diradicals: An Approach for Strong and Tunable Near-Infrared-Absorbing Dyes Based on Small Chromophores. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:9175-9182. [PMID: 39213498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c02212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR)-absorbing dyes are valuable for various applications, such as bioimaging and electronic devices. This work introduces a novel approach for designing NIR dyes, oxidation of weakly coupled diradicals. Our approach features a weak exchange interaction in diradicals, which potentially leads to bonding/antibonding molecular orbitals with a small energy gap. We found that removing one of two singly occupied molecular orbital electrons of the diradicals results in an exceptionally narrow frontier orbital energy gap. We examined a series of Blatter radical dimers, and the most weakly coupled diradical prepared in this work (ΔEST ∼ 0.12 eV) with a molecular weight of 590 Da exhibited a strong NIR absorption band reaching 2200 nm upon one-electron oxidation. The optical band gaps of the radical cations strongly correlate to the exchange interaction in the precursor neutral species, offering prediction and fine-tuning of the optical band gap in the NIR region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Yamada
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Daiki Shimizu
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
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2
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Yu CP, Chowdhury R, Fu Y, Ghosh P, Zeng W, Mustafa TBE, Grüne J, Walker LE, Congrave DG, Chua XW, Murto P, Rao A, Sirringhaus H, Plasser F, Grey CP, Friend RH, Bronstein H. Near-infrared luminescent open-shell π-conjugated systems with a bright lowest-energy zwitterionic singlet excited state. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eado3476. [PMID: 39047089 PMCID: PMC11268402 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado3476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Open-shell systems with extensive π-conjugation have fascinating properties due to their narrow bandgaps and spin interactions. In this work, we report neutral open-shell di- and polyradical conjugated materials exhibiting intriguing optical and magnetic properties. Our key design advance is the planarized geometry allowing for greater interaction between adjacent spins. This results in absorption and emission in the near infrared at 803 and 1050 nanometers, respectively, and we demonstrate a unique electronic structure where a bright zwitterionic excited state is the lowest-accessible electronic transition. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and superconducting quantum interference device measurements reveal that our materials are open-shell singlets with different degrees of spin interactions, dynamics, and antiferromagnetic properties, which likely contributed to the formation of their emissive zwitterionic singlet excited state and near-infrared emission. In addition, our materials show reversible and stable electrochromic switching with more than 500 cycles, indicating their potential for optoelectronic and electrochemical energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig P. Yu
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0HF, UK
| | - Rituparno Chowdhury
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0HF, UK
| | - Yao Fu
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Pratyush Ghosh
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0HF, UK
| | - Weixuan Zeng
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Tarig B. E. Mustafa
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0HF, UK
| | - Jeannine Grüne
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0HF, UK
| | - Lucy E. Walker
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Daniel G. Congrave
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Xian Wei Chua
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0HF, UK
| | - Petri Murto
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0HF, UK
| | - Akshay Rao
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0HF, UK
| | - Henning Sirringhaus
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0HF, UK
| | - Felix Plasser
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Clare P. Grey
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Richard H. Friend
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0HF, UK
| | - Hugo Bronstein
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0HF, UK
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Mizuno A, Matsuoka R, Kimura S, Ochiai K, Kusamoto T. Spin-Correlated Luminescence of a Carbazole-Containing Diradical Emitter: Single-Molecule Magnetoluminescence and Thermally Activated Emission. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18470-18483. [PMID: 38921686 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Luminescent radicals have been intensively studied as a new class of materials exhibiting novel photofunctions unique to open-shell systems. When luminescent radicals are assembled, intriguing spin-correlated luminescence phenomena emerge, including excimer-like emission and magnetic-field effects on luminescence (i.e., magnetoluminescence, MagLum). However, the underlying mechanisms of these phenomena arising from spin multiplicity and spin-dependent excited-state dynamics are poorly understood due to the limited number of luminescent polyradical systems available for study. In particular, the correlation between stronger intramolecular exchange interactions (|2J/kB| > ∼10 K, where J and kB are the intramolecular exchange coupling constant and the Boltzmann constant, respectively) and luminescence properties has not been fully explained. In this study, a novel carbazole-containing diradical emitter (1) and the corresponding monoradical (2) were prepared for the in-depth study of spin-correlated luminescence properties, with luminescence measurements under magnetic fields of up to 18 T. Diradical 1 has a negative 2J/kB value of several tens of kelvin and exhibits a single-molecule MagLum and thermally activated luminescence, whereas 2 does not. Detailed quantitative analyses revealed that both the spin-correlated luminescence properties of 1 are strongly dominated by ground-state spin statistics based on the Boltzmann distribution (i.e., 2J/kB values). Furthermore, diradical 1 exhibits external heavy-atom effects in heavy-atom-containing solvents such as iodobenzene, whereas monoradical 2 does not. This is the first experimental verification of external heavy-atom effects in polyradical emitters. This work demonstrates that polyradical emitters can be designed based on spin degrees of freedom in both ground and excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asato Mizuno
- Department of Life and Coordination-Complex Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Ryota Matsuoka
- Department of Life and Coordination-Complex Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
| | - Shojiro Kimura
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ochiai
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kusamoto
- Department of Life and Coordination-Complex Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
- JST-PRESTO, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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Mao ZD, Fu JH, He Y, Song Y, Tan BC, Chen LT, Wu XT, Sheng TL. Azo-Cyanamide Bridged Dinuclear Iron Complexes Exhibiting no Electronic Coupling but Moderate Magnetic Coupling between the two Iron Centers. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202400009. [PMID: 38282142 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of long-distance organic ligand on electronic coupling between metallic atoms, the mononuclear and dinuclear complexes [Cp(dppe)Fe(apc)] (1), [{Cp(dppe)Fe}2(μ-adpc)] (2), [{CpMe5(dppe)Fe}2(μ-adpc) (3) and their oxidized complexes [Cp(dppe)Fe(apc)][PF6] (1[PF6]), [{Cp(dppe)Fe}2(μ-adpc)][PF6] (2[PF6]2), [{CpMe5(dppe)Fe}2(μ-adpc)][PF6]2 (3[PF6]2) (Cp=1,3-cyclopentadiene, CpMe5=1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentadiene, dppe=1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane), apc-=4-azo(phenylcyanamido)benzene and adpc2-=4,4'-azodi(phenylcyanamido)) were synthesized and characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectra. Electrochemical measurements showed no electronic coupling between the two terminal Fe units, However, the investigation results of the magnetic properties of the two-electron oxidized complexes indicate the presence of moderate antiferromagnetic coupling across 18 Å distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Dong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Hui Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Ying Song
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Chang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Ting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Lu Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P.R. China
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5
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Zhang S, Lloveras V, Wu Y, Tolosa J, García-Martínez JC, Vidal-Gancedo J. Fluorescent and Magnetic Radical Dendrimers as Potential Bimodal Imaging Probes. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1776. [PMID: 37376224 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual or multimodal imaging probes have emerged as powerful tools that improve detection sensitivity and accuracy in disease diagnosis by imaging techniques. Two imaging techniques that are complementary and do not use ionizing radiation are magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical fluorescence imaging (OFI). Herein, we prepared metal-free organic species based on dendrimers with magnetic and fluorescent properties as proof-of-concept of bimodal probes for potential MRI and OFI applications. We used oligo(styryl)benzene (OSB) dendrimers core that are fluorescent on their own, and TEMPO organic radicals anchored on their surfaces, as the magnetic component. In this way, we synthesized six radical dendrimers and characterized them by FT-IR, 1H NMR, UV-Vis, MALDI-TOF, SEC, EPR, fluorimetry, and in vitro MRI. Importantly, it was demonstrated that the new dendrimers present two properties: on one hand, they are paramagnetic and show the ability to generate contrast by MRI in vitro, and, on the other hand, they also show fluoresce emission. This is a remarkable result since it is one of the very few cases of macromolecules with bimodal magnetic and fluorescent properties using organic radicals as the magnetic probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbai Zhang
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Vega Lloveras
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Yufei Wu
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Juan Tolosa
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, C/José María Sánchez Ibáñez s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain
- Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, C/Almansa 13, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Joaquín C García-Martínez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, C/José María Sánchez Ibáñez s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain
- Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, C/Almansa 13, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - José Vidal-Gancedo
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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Tretyakov EV, Ovcharenko VI, Terent'ev AO, Krylov IB, Magdesieva TV, Mazhukin DG, Gritsan NP. Conjugated nitroxide radicals. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr5025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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7
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Sk B, Sarkar M, Singh K, Sengupta A, Patra A. UV to NIR multistate electrochromism and electrofluorochromism in dibenzophenazine-arylamine derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:13590-13593. [PMID: 34847210 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05138e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An intriguing case of intramolecular and intervalence charge transfer-driven multistate electrochromism and electrofluorochromism in dibenzophenazin-(phenyl)methanone and arylamine-based redox-active donor-acceptor-donor molecules was elucidated. Tunable absorption from UV to NIR and on-off switching of fluorescence in a single-component all-organic molecular material by a subtle variation of electric potentials were demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahadur Sk
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India.
| | - Madhurima Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India.
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India.
| | - Arunava Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India
| | - Abhijit Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India.
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8
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Hewitt P, Shultz DA, Kirk ML. Magnetic Exchange Coupling through the Nonalternant Cyclopentadienyl π-System of Ferrocene. Org Lett 2021; 23:8235-8239. [PMID: 34586811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Electronic and magnetic coupling through nonalternant π-systems is an area of intense interest in photonics and molecular electronics research, yet relatively little is known regarding coupling through nonalternant π-systems. Herein we present magnetic exchange coupling in two semiquinone-based biradicals: 1,3-SQ2Fc has two semiquinone radicals attached to the one- and three-positions of the same cyclopentadienyl ligand (a nonalternant π-system) of ferrocene, whereas 1,1'-SQ2Fc has one semiquinone radical attached to each of the two cyclopentadienyl ligands of ferrocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Hewitt
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - David A Shultz
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Martin L Kirk
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The University of New Mexico, MSC03 2060, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-0001, United States
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9
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Mayorga-Burrezo P, Bejarano F, Calbo J, Zhao X, De Sousa JA, Lloveras V, Bryce MR, Ortí E, Veciana J, Rovira C, Crivillers N. Allocation of Ambipolar Charges on an Organic Diradical with a Vinylene-Phenylenediyne Bridge. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:6159-6164. [PMID: 34184906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two redox and magnetically active perchlorotriphenylmethyl (•PTM) radical units have been connected as end-capping groups to a bis(phenylene)diyne chain through vinylene linkers. Negative and positive charged species have been generated, and the influence of the bridge on their stabilization is discussed. Partial reduction of the electron-withdrawing •PTM radicals results in a class-II mixed-valence system with the negative charge located on the terminal PTM units, proving the efficiency of the conjugated chain for the electron transport between the two terminal sites. Counterintuitively, the oxidation process does not occur along the electron-rich bridge but on the vinylene units. The •PTM radicals play a key role in the stabilization of the cationic species, promoting the generation of quinoidal ring segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Mayorga-Burrezo
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Francesc Bejarano
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Joaquín Calbo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Xiaotao Zhao
- Chemistry Department, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - J Alejandro De Sousa
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Laboratorio de Electroquímica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, 5101 Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Vega Lloveras
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Martin R Bryce
- Chemistry Department, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Enrique Ortí
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Concepció Rovira
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Núria Crivillers
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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Xu QD, Zeng C, Su SD, Yang YY, Hu SM, Li TY, Wu XT, Sheng TL. Tuning metal to metal charge transfer properties in cyanidometal-bridged complexes by changing the auxiliary ligand on the bridge. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:6161-6169. [PMID: 33861281 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00157d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In order to investigate the influence of the auxiliary ligand of the cyanidometal bridge on metal to metal charge transfer (MMCT) in cyanidometal-bridged complexes, two groups of heterotrimetallic cyanidometal-bridged complexes, trans-[Cp*(dppe)Fe-NC-Ru(L)2-CN-Fe(dppe)Cp*][PF6]n (L = bpy, 1(PF6)n; L = 4,4'-dmbpy, 2(PF6)n; n = 2, 3, 4) (Cp* = 1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentadiene, dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, 4,4'-dmbpy = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl) were synthesized and fully characterized. The MMCT of the one-electron oxidation mixed valence complexes is mainly attributed to RuII and FeII → FeIII MMCT transitions, and the MMCT of the two-electron oxidation complexes is mainly attributed to RuII → FeIII MMCT transitions. The energy of the MMCT of the four complexes decreases with the increase of the electron donating ability of the auxiliary ligand of the cyanidometal bridge. The IR, EPR, and Mössbauer spectra, and the solvent independence of MMCT characterizations indicate that the one-electron oxidation mixed valence complexes may belong to Class II-III systems, and the two-electron oxidation complexes may be localized at low temperature but delocalized at room temperature on the EPR timescale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Dou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China. and School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Chen Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China. and School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Dong Su
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.
| | - Yu-Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.
| | - Sheng-Min Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.
| | - Ting-Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China. and School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.
| | - Tian-Lu Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.
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11
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Kolanji K, Baumgarten M. Dithienopyrrole Derivatives with Nitronyl Nitroxide Radicals and Their Oxidation to Cationic High-Spin Molecules. Chemistry 2020; 26:3626-3632. [PMID: 31872922 PMCID: PMC7155055 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Three 1 N‐phenyl nitronyl nitroxide (NN) 4‐substituted dithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]pyrrole (DTP) derivatives with R1=4‐phenyl‐, 4H‐, and 4‐methylthiothiophenyl‐ (R12DTP‐Ph‐NN, R1=H, Ph and MeSTh) were designed, synthesized and characterized. The electrochemical properties were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV). All the molecules exhibited two main oxidation peaks, first for radical cation and next for dication formation. The cation and dication formation were also confirmed by UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy for Ph2DTP‐Ph‐NN and MeSTh2DTP‐Ph‐NN titrated with tris(4‐bromophenyl)aminiumhexachloroantimonate (magic blue). In addition, the cation and dication formation were verified by EPR spectroscopy. Finally, the exchange interactions (J/kB) of NN and radical cation were calculated by DFT studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubandiran Kolanji
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.,Current address: Institute of Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Baumgarten
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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12
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Nagata A, Hiraoka S, Suzuki S, Kozaki M, Shiomi D, Sato K, Takui T, Tanaka R, Okada K. Redox‐Induced Modulation of Exchange Interaction in a High‐Spin Ground‐State Diradical/Triradical System. Chemistry 2020; 26:3166-3172. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsuki Nagata
- Graduate School of ScienceOsaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Shinsuke Hiraoka
- Graduate School of ScienceOsaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Shuichi Suzuki
- Graduate School of ScienceOsaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka Osaka 558-8585 Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kozaki
- Graduate School of ScienceOsaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka Osaka 558-8585 Japan
- Osaka City UniversityAdvanced Research Institute for, Natural Science and Technology (OCARINA) Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Daisuke Shiomi
- Graduate School of ScienceOsaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Kazunobu Sato
- Graduate School of ScienceOsaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Takeji Takui
- Graduate School of ScienceOsaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Rika Tanaka
- X-ray Crystal Analysis LaboratoryGraduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Keiji Okada
- Graduate School of ScienceOsaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka Osaka 558-8585 Japan
- Osaka City UniversityAdvanced Research Institute for, Natural Science and Technology (OCARINA) Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka Osaka 558-8585 Japan
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13
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Cetin MM, Beldjoudi Y, Roy I, Anamimoghadam O, Bae YJ, Young RM, Krzyaniak MD, Stern CL, Philp D, Alsubaie FM, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Combining Intra- and Intermolecular Charge Transfer with Polycationic Cyclophanes To Design 2D Tessellations. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:18727-18739. [PMID: 31580664 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fehaid M. Alsubaie
- Joint Center of Excellence in Integrated Nanosystems, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Institute of Molecular Design and Synthesis, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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14
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Souto M, Díez-Cabanes V, Yuan L, Kyvik AR, Ratera I, Nijhuis CA, Cornil J, Veciana J. Influence of the donor unit on the rectification ratio in tunnel junctions based on donor-acceptor SAMs using PTM units as acceptors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:25638-25647. [PMID: 30288535 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05488f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Dyads formed by an electron donor unit (D) covalently linked to an electron acceptor (A) by an organic bridge are promising materials as molecular rectifiers. Very recently, we have reported the charge transport measurements across self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of two D-A systems consisting of the ferrocene (Fc) electron-donor linked to a polychlorotriphenylmethane (PTM) electron-acceptor in its non-radical (SAM 1) and radical (SAM 2) forms. Interestingly, we observed that the non-radical SAM 1 showed rectification behavior of 2 orders of magnitude higher than its radical analogue dyad 2. In order to study the influence of the donor unit on the transport properties, we report herein the synthesis and characterization of two new D-A SAMs in which the electron-donor Fc unit is replaced by a tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) moiety linked to the PTM unit in its non-radical (SAM 3) and radical (SAM 4) forms. The observed decrease in the rectification ratio and increased current density for TTF-PTM based SAMs 3 and 4 in comparison to Fc-PTM based SAMs 1 and 2 are explained, supported by theoretical calculations, by significant changes in the electronic and supramolecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Souto
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN, Campus Universitari de UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain.
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15
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Ten YA, Salnikov OG, Amitina SA, Stass DV, Rybalova TV, Kazantsev MS, Bogomyakov AS, Mostovich EA, Mazhukin DG. The Suzuki-Miyaura reaction as a tool for modification of phenoxyl-nitroxyl radicals of the 4 H-imidazole N-oxide series. RSC Adv 2018; 8:26099-26107. [PMID: 35541934 PMCID: PMC9082764 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05103h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
2-(3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-4H-imidazole 3-oxide reacts with phenylboronic acid and its substituted derivatives in a cross-coupling reaction of the Suzuki-Miyaura type to form 5-biphenyl derivatives of 4H-imidazole-N-oxide. Interaction of the same compound with B2(pin)2 in the presence of PdCl2(PPh3)2 proceeds through the formation of intermediate 1,3,2-dioxoborolane and leads to the product of homocoupling: biphenyl-bis(imidazole). Oxidation of the resultant imidazoles with lead dioxide quantitatively yields stable conjugated phenoxyl-nitroxyl mono- and diradicals, which are of interest as electroactive paramagnetic materials. The crystal structure of the monoradical, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-[1-oxido-4-(biphenyl-4-yl)-5,5-dimethyl-1H-imidazole-2(5H)-ylidene]cyclohex-2,5-dienone, its magnetic susceptibility, EPR spectra of the obtained hybrid radicals in solution, and cyclic voltammetry characteristics of 4H-imidazoles were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury A Ten
- NN Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS 9 Acad. Lavrentyeva Ave. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia,
| | - Oleg G Salnikov
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Svetlana A Amitina
- NN Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS 9 Acad. Lavrentyeva Ave. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia,
| | - Dmitri V Stass
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS 3 Institutskaya Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Tatyana V Rybalova
- NN Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS 9 Acad. Lavrentyeva Ave. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia,
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Maxim S Kazantsev
- NN Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS 9 Acad. Lavrentyeva Ave. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia,
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Artem S Bogomyakov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS 3A Institutskaya Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Evgeny A Mostovich
- NN Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS 9 Acad. Lavrentyeva Ave. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia,
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Dmitrii G Mazhukin
- NN Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS 9 Acad. Lavrentyeva Ave. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia,
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
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16
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Diez-Cabanes V, Seber G, Franco C, Bejarano F, Crivillers N, Mas-Torrent M, Veciana J, Rovira C, Cornil J. Design of Perchlorotriphenylmethyl (PTM) Radical-Based Compounds for Optoelectronic Applications: The Role of Orbital Delocalization. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2572-2578. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentín Diez-Cabanes
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials; University of Mons; Place du Parc 20 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Gonca Seber
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC); Campus Universitari de UAB; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Carlos Franco
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC); Campus Universitari de UAB; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona) Spain
- Current affiliation: ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Francesc Bejarano
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC); Campus Universitari de UAB; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Nuria Crivillers
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC); Campus Universitari de UAB; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Marta Mas-Torrent
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC); Campus Universitari de UAB; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC); Campus Universitari de UAB; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Concepció Rovira
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC); Campus Universitari de UAB; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Jérôme Cornil
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials; University of Mons; Place du Parc 20 7000 Mons Belgium
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17
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Park JS, Tran TT, Kim J, Sessler JL. Electrochemical amphotericity and NIR absorption induced via the step-wise protonation of fused quinoxaline-tetrathiafulvalene-pyrroles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:4553-4556. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02018c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We describe an effective approach to producing electrochemical amphoteric character and tuning optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Su Park
- Department of Chemistry
- Sookmyung Womens's University
- Yongsan-gu
- South Korea
| | - Trang Thu Tran
- Department of Chemistry
- Sookmyung Womens's University
- Yongsan-gu
- South Korea
| | - Jongmin Kim
- Division of Biological Sciences
- Sookmyung Womens's University
- Yongsan-gu
- South Korea
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18
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Souto M, Calbo J, Ratera I, Ortí E, Veciana J. Tetrathiafulvalene-Polychlorotriphenylmethyl Dyads: Influence of Bridge and Open-Shell Characteristics on Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties. Chemistry 2017; 23:11067-11075. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Souto
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN; Campus Universitari de la UAB; 08193 Bellaterra Spain
| | - Joaquín Calbo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular; Universidad de Valencia; 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Imma Ratera
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN; Campus Universitari de la UAB; 08193 Bellaterra Spain
| | - Enrique Ortí
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular; Universidad de Valencia; 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN; Campus Universitari de la UAB; 08193 Bellaterra Spain
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19
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Gaudenzi R, de Bruijckere J, Reta D, Moreira IDR, Rovira C, Veciana J, van der Zant HSJ, Burzurí E. Redox-Induced Gating of the Exchange Interactions in a Single Organic Diradical. ACS NANO 2017; 11:5879-5883. [PMID: 28494146 PMCID: PMC5492214 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b01578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Embedding a magnetic electroactive molecule in a three-terminal junction allows for the fast and local electric field control of magnetic properties desirable in spintronic devices and quantum gates. Here, we provide an example of this control through the reversible and stable charging of a single all-organic neutral diradical molecule. By means of inelastic electron tunnel spectroscopy we show that the added electron occupies a molecular orbital distinct from those containing the two radical electrons, forming a spin system with three antiferromagnetically coupled spins. Changing the redox state of the molecule therefore switches on and off a parallel exchange path between the two radical spins through the added electron. This electrically controlled gating of the intramolecular magnetic interactions constitutes an essential ingredient of a single-molecule [Formula: see text] quantum gate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Gaudenzi
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg
1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Joeri de Bruijckere
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg
1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Reta
- Departament
de Ciència de Materials i Química Física &
Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ibério de
P. R. Moreira
- Departament
de Ciència de Materials i Química Física &
Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Concepció Rovira
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) and CIBER-BBN, Campus de la UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) and CIBER-BBN, Campus de la UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Herre S. J. van der Zant
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg
1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Enrique Burzurí
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University
of Technology, Lorentzweg
1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
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20
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Souto M, Rovira C, Ratera I, Veciana J. TTF–PTM dyads: from switched molecular self assembly in solution to radical conductors in solid state. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce01660j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dyads formed by tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) linked to perchlorotriphenylmethyl (PTM) radicals exhibit interesting physical properties such as bistability in solution or conductivity in solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Souto
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN
- Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Concepció Rovira
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN
- Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Imma Ratera
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN
- Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN
- Bellaterra, Spain
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21
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Vela S, Souto M, Ratera I, Rovira C, Veciana J. Understanding the Influence of the Electronic Structure on the Crystal Structure of a TTF-PTM Radical Dyad. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:10297-10303. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b11107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Vela
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Quantique, UMR-7177, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue
Blaise Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Manuel Souto
- Institut de Ciència
de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN, Campus de la UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Imma Ratera
- Institut de Ciència
de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN, Campus de la UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Concepció Rovira
- Institut de Ciència
de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN, Campus de la UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència
de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)/CIBER-BBN, Campus de la UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
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22
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Ito A, Kurata R, Noma Y, Hirao Y, Tanaka K. Radical Cation of an Oligoarylamine Having a Nitroxide Radical Substituent: A Coexistent Molecular System of Localized and Delocalized Spins. J Org Chem 2016; 81:11416-11420. [PMID: 27802049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A trimer derivative of oligotriarylamine bearing a nitroxide radical substituent as a localized spin center {N,N-bis[4-(di-4-anisylamino)phenyl]-N-[3-tert-butyl-5-(N-tert-butyl-N-oxylamino)phenyl]amine (1)} was characterized by electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopic measurements. The first and second oxidations of 1 occurred from the triamine moiety, leaving the nitroxide radical moiety intact. The delocalized polaronic state in the triamine moiety was generated by one-electron oxidation of 1, indicating the coexistence of localized and delocalized spins on 1+, where an intramolecular antiferromagnetic interaction was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Ito
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University , Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Ryohei Kurata
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University , Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yusuke Noma
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University , Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yasukazu Hirao
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University , Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University , Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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