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Niihori Y, Kosaka T, Negishi Y. Triplet-triplet annihilation-based photon upconversion using nanoparticles and nanoclusters. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:2304-2322. [PMID: 38587491 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00117f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The phenomenon of photon upconversion (UC), generating high-energy photons from low-energy photons, has attracted significant attention. In particular, triplet-triplet annihilation-based UC (TTA-UC) has been achieved by combining the excitation states of two types of molecules, called the sensitizer and emitter (or annihilator). With TTA-UC, it is possible to convert weak, incoherent near-infrared (NIR) light, which constitutes half of the solar radiation intensity, into ultraviolet and visible light that are suitable for the operation of light-responsive functional materials or devices such as solar cells and photocatalysts. Research on TTA-UC is being conducted worldwide, often employing materials with high intersystem crossing rates, such as metal porphyrins, as sensitizers. This review summarizes recent research and trends in triplet energy transfer and TTA-UC for semiconductor nanoparticles or nanocrystals with diameters in the nanometer range, also known as quantum dots, and for ligand-protected metal nanoclusters, which have even smaller well-defined sub-nanostructures. Concerning nanoparticles, transmitter ligands have been applied on the surface of the nanoparticles to efficiently transfer triplet excitons formed inside the nanoparticles to emitters. Applications are expanding to solid-state UC devices that convert NIR light to visible light. Additionally, there is active research in the development of sensitizers using more cost-effective and environmentally friendly elements. Regarding metal nanoclusters, methods have been established for the evaluation of excited states, deepening the understanding of luminescent properties and excited relaxation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Niihori
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
| | - Taiga Kosaka
- Graduate School of Science, Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yuichi Negishi
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
- Graduate School of Science, Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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Li Y, Zhao S, Zang S. Programmable kernel structures of atomically precise metal nanoclusters for tailoring catalytic properties. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2023; 3:20220005. [PMID: 37933377 PMCID: PMC10624382 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20220005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The unclear structures and polydispersity of metal nanoparticles (NPs) seriously hamper the identification of the active sites and the construction of structure-reactivity relationships. Fortunately, ligand-protected metal nanoclusters (NCs) with atomically precise structures and monodispersity have become an ideal candidate for understanding the well-defined correlations between structure and catalytic property at an atomic level. The programmable kernel structures of atomically precise metal NCs provide a fantastic chance to modulate their size, shape, atomic arrangement, and electron state by the precise modulating of the number, type, and location of metal atoms. Thus, the special focus of this review highlights the most recent process in tailoring the catalytic activity and selectivity over metal NCs by precisely controlling their kernel structures. This review is expected to shed light on the in-depth understanding of metal NCs' kernel structures and reactivity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya‐Hui Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Material, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials, Green Catalysis Center and College of ChemistryZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP. R. China
| | - Shu‐Na Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Material, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials, Green Catalysis Center and College of ChemistryZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP. R. China
| | - Shuang‐Quan Zang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Material, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials, Green Catalysis Center and College of ChemistryZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouP. R. China
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3
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Horita Y, Ishimi M, Negishi Y. Anion-templated silver nanoclusters: precise synthesis and geometric structure. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2023; 24:2203832. [PMID: 37251258 PMCID: PMC10215029 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2023.2203832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoclusters (NCs) are gaining much attention in nanoscale materials research because they exhibit size-specific physicochemical properties that are not observed in the corresponding bulk metals. Among them, silver (Ag) NCs can be precisely synthesized not only as pure Ag NCs but also as anion-templated Ag NCs. For anion-templated Ag NCs, we can expect the following capabilities: 1) size and shape control by regulating the central anion (anion template); 2) stabilization by adjusting the charge interaction between the central anion and surrounding Ag atoms; and 3) functionalization by selecting the type of central anion. In this review, we summarize the synthesis methods and influences of the central anion on the geometric structure of anion-templated Ag NCs, which include halide ions, chalcogenide ions, oxoanions, polyoxometalate, or hydride/deuteride as the central anion. This summary provides a reference for the current state of anion-templated Ag NCs, which may promote the development of anion-templated Ag NCs with novel geometric structures and physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Horita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
| | - Mai Ishimi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
| | - Yuichi Negishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
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Knoppe S, Muñoz-Castro A. Intermediate Silver Doping of Au 25(SR) 18: Variation of Electronic, Optical, and Chiroptical Properties along Au 25-xAg x(SH) 18- ( x = 0-12) Stoichiometry from DFT Calculations. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:7079-7086. [PMID: 37104868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The silver analogue of the prominent Au25(SR)18 nanocluster reveals the possibility of finding "gold"-like behavior despite their different nature, in addition to the common features among molecular AgNP. Herein, we explore the effect of successive additions of silver atoms reaching an intermediate Ag/Au doping ratio where the parent gold cluster exhibits properties from both elements. Our results show a more favorable situation as the Ag/Au ratio increases along the Au25-xAgx(SH)18- (x = 0-12) clusters, with structural distortions mainly centered at the ligand-protected shell. The calculated optical spectrum shows that from the Au19Ag6 species, a plasmon-like peak appears along species with a doping ratio above 25%, where all the silver atoms are located within the M12 icosahedron. In addition, the chiral properties were explored, showing mild optical activity from the calculated circular dichroism spectra due to the distorted ligand-shell avoiding a centrosymmetric structure. Thus, an intermediate doping ratio ascribed to a specific structural layer can recover inherent properties to both elements in the binary Au25-xAgx(SH)18- series, suggesting the possibility of having clusters with dual properties at a certain degree of element exchange. This can be useful for further exploration theoretically and synthetically toward different and larger-nuclearity clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Knoppe
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart, Baden-Wurttemberg 70569, Germany
| | - Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Bellavista 7, Santiago 8420524, Chile
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Kawawaki T, Akinaga Y, Yazaki D, Kameko H, Hirayama D, Negishi Y. Promoting Photocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction by Tuning the Properties of Cocatalysts. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203387. [PMID: 36524615 PMCID: PMC10107262 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Suppressing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is an essential measure toward addressing global warming. Specifically, the photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CRR) is an effective strategy because it affords the conversion of CO2 into useful carbon feedstocks by using sunlight and water. However, the practical application of photocatalyst-promoting CRR (CRR photocatalysts) requires significant improvement of their conversion efficiency. Accordingly, extensive research is being conducted toward improving semiconductor photocatalysts, as well as cocatalysts that are loaded as active sites on the photocatalysts. In this review, we summarize recent research and development trends in the improvement of cocatalysts, which have a significant impact on the catalytic activity and selectivity of photocatalytic CRR. We expect that the advanced knowledge provided on the improvement of cocatalysts for CRR in this review will serve as a general guideline to accelerate the development of highly efficient CRR photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tokuhisa Kawawaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan.,Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yuki Akinaga
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Daichi Yazaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Hinano Kameko
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hirayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yuichi Negishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan.,Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
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Hua Y, Huang JH, Shao ZH, Luo XM, Wang ZY, Liu JQ, Zhao X, Chen X, Zang SQ. Composition-Dependent Enzyme Mimicking Activity and Radiosensitizing Effect of Bimetallic Clusters to Modulate Tumor Hypoxia for Enhanced Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203734. [PMID: 35681250 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Alloying is an efficient chemistry to tailor the properties of metal clusters. As a class of promising radiosensitizers, most previously reported metal clusters exhibit unitary function and cannot overcome radioresistance of hypoxic tumors. Here, atomically precise alloy clusters Pt2 M4 (M = Au, Ag, Cu) are synthesized with bright luminescence and adequate biocompatibility, and their composition-dependent enzyme mimicking activity and radiosensitizing effect is explored. Specifically, only the Pt2 Au4 cluster displays catalase-like activity, while the others do not have clusterzyme properties, and its radiosensitizing effect is the highest among all the alloy clusters tested. By taking advantage of the sustainable production of O2 via the decomposition of endogenous H2 O2 , the Pt2 Au4 cluster modulates tumor hypoxia as well as increases the efficacy of radiotherapy. This work thus advances the cluster alloying strategy to produce multifunctional therapeutic agents for improving hypoxic tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hua
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostic Cluster Materials, Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jia-Hong Huang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostic Cluster Materials, Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zi-Hui Shao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostic Cluster Materials, Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xi-Ming Luo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostic Cluster Materials, Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostic Cluster Materials, Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jun-Qi Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Xueli Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostic Cluster Materials, Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117545, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Shuang-Quan Zang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostic Cluster Materials, Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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7
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Yao Q, Zhang Q, Xie J. Atom-Precision Engineering Chemistry of Noble Metal Nanoparticles. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaofeng Yao
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Qingbo Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jianping Xie
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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8
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Controlled Synthesis of Au 25 Superatom Using a Dendrimer Template. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113398. [PMID: 35684336 PMCID: PMC9182415 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Superatoms are promising materials for their potential in elemental substitution and as new building blocks. Thus far, various synthesis methods of thiol-protected Au clusters including an Au25 superatom have been investigated. However, previously reported methods were mainly depending on the thermodynamic stability of the aimed clusters. In this report, a synthesis method for thiol-protected Au clusters using a dendrimers template is proposed. In this method, the number of Au atoms was controlled by the stepwise complexation feature of a phenylazomethine dendrimer. Therefore, synthesis speed was increased compared with the case without the dendrimer template. Hybridization for the Au25 superatoms was also achieved using the complexation control of metals.
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9
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Development and Functionalization of Visible-Light-Driven Water-Splitting Photocatalysts. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030344. [PMID: 35159689 PMCID: PMC8838403 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
With global warming and the depletion of fossil resources, our fossil fuel-dependent society is expected to shift to one that instead uses hydrogen (H2) as a clean and renewable energy. To realize this, the photocatalytic water-splitting reaction, which produces H2 from water and solar energy through photocatalysis, has attracted much attention. However, for practical use, the functionality of water-splitting photocatalysts must be further improved to efficiently absorb visible (Vis) light, which accounts for the majority of sunlight. Considering the mechanism of water-splitting photocatalysis, researchers in the various fields must be employed in this type of study to achieve this. However, for researchers in fields other than catalytic chemistry, ceramic (semiconductor) materials chemistry, and electrochemistry to participate in this field, new reviews that summarize previous reports on water-splitting photocatalysis seem to be needed. Therefore, in this review, we summarize recent studies on the development and functionalization of Vis-light-driven water-splitting photocatalysts. Through this summary, we aim to share current technology and future challenges with readers in the various fields and help expedite the practical application of Vis-light-driven water-splitting photocatalysts.
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Negishi Y. Metal-nanocluster Science and Technology: My Personal History and Outlook. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:7569-7594. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05689a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metal nanoclusters (NCs) are among the leading targets in research of nanoscale materials, and elucidation of their properties (science) and development of control techniques (technology) have been continuously studied for...
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Negishi Y, Horihata H, Ebina A, Miyajima S, Nakamoto M, Ikeda A, Kawawaki T, Hossain S. Selective formation of [Au 23(SPh tBu) 17] 0, [Au 26Pd(SPh tBu) 20] 0 and [Au 24Pt(SC 2H 4Ph) 7(SPh tBu) 11] 0 by controlling ligand-exchange reaction. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5546-5556. [PMID: 35694356 PMCID: PMC9116332 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00423b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study succeeded in obtaining three new thiolate protected metal nanoclusters by changing the ligand-exchange condition from previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Negishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku–ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Hikaru Horihata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku–ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Ayano Ebina
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku–ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Sayuri Miyajima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku–ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Mana Nakamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku–ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Ayaka Ikeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku–ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Tokuhisa Kawawaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku–ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Sakiat Hossain
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku–ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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Kawawaki T, Shimizu N, Mitomi Y, Yazaki D, Hossain S, Negishi Y. Supported, ∼1-nm-Sized Platinum Clusters: Controlled Preparation and Enhanced Catalytic Activity. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tokuhisa Kawawaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku–ku, Tokyo 162–8601, Japan
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku–ku, Tokyo 162–8601, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shimizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku–ku, Tokyo 162–8601, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mitomi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku–ku, Tokyo 162–8601, Japan
| | - Daichi Yazaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku–ku, Tokyo 162–8601, Japan
| | - Sakiat Hossain
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku–ku, Tokyo 162–8601, Japan
| | - Yuichi Negishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku–ku, Tokyo 162–8601, Japan
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku–ku, Tokyo 162–8601, Japan
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Zhong YJ, Liao JH, Chiu TH, Gam F, Kahlal S, Saillard JY, Liu CW. Doping effect on the structure and properties of eight-electron silver nanoclusters. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:034304. [PMID: 34293901 DOI: 10.1063/5.0059305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The bimetallic M20 and M21 compounds, {[Cu3Ag17{S2P(OiPr)2}12]0.5 [Cu4Ag16{S2P(OiPr)2}12]0.5} ({[1a]0.5[1b]0.5}) and [Cu4Ag17{S2P(OiPr)2}12](PF6) (2), have been structurally characterized, in which the Cu(I) ions are randomly distributed on the eight outer positions capping the eight-electron [Ag13]5+ core. DFT calculations show that the statistical disorder results from the nearly neutral preference of copper to occupy any of the eight outer positions. Surprisingly, the UV-Vis absorption spectra of the M20 and M21 bimetallic nanoclusters display an almost identical absorption profile as that of their homometallic [Ag20{S2P(OiPr)2}12] and [Ag21{S2P(OiPr)2}12]+ relatives. This is rationalized by TD-DFT calculations, which show that the frontier orbitals of such eight-electron alloys are largely independent from the nature of the capping metal ions. A blue-shifted absorption is observed upon replacing by Au the central Ag atom in 2, forming the trimetallic compound [Cu4AuAg16{S2P(OiPr)2}12](PF6) (3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Hong Liao
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
| | - Franck Gam
- Univ Rennes CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Samia Kahlal
- Univ Rennes CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | | | - C W Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
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Kawawaki T, Ebina A, Hosokawa Y, Ozaki S, Suzuki D, Hossain S, Negishi Y. Thiolate-Protected Metal Nanoclusters: Recent Development in Synthesis, Understanding of Reaction, and Application in Energy and Environmental Field. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2005328. [PMID: 33522090 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoclusters (NCs), which are composed of about 250 or fewer metal atoms, possess great potential as novel functional materials. Fundamental research on metal NCs gradually started in the 1960s, and since 2000, thiolate (SR)-protected metal NCs have been the main metal NCs actively studied. The precise and systematic isolation of SR-protected metal NCs has been achieved in 2005. Since then, research on SR-protected metal NCs for both basic science and practical application has rapidly expanded. This review describes this recent progress in the field of SR-protected metal NCs in three areas: synthesis, understanding, and application. Specifically, the recent study of alloy NCs and connected structures composed of NCs is highlighted in the "synthesis" section, recent knowledge on the reactivity of NCs in solution is highlighted in the "understanding" section, and the applications of NCs in the energy and environmental field are highlighted in the "application" section. This review provides insight on the current state of research on SR-protected metal NCs and discusses the challenges to be overcome for further development in this field as well as the possibilities that these materials can contribute to solving the problems facing modern society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tokuhisa Kawawaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
- Photocatalysis International Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Ayano Ebina
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yasunaga Hosokawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Shuhei Ozaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Daiki Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Sakiat Hossain
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yuichi Negishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
- Photocatalysis International Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
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15
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Tan CL, Zhang F, Li YH, Tang ZR, Xu YJ. Au clusters-based visible light photocatalysis. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-020-04346-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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16
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Kawawaki T, Kataoka Y, Ozaki S, Kawachi M, Hirata M, Negishi Y. Creation of active water-splitting photocatalysts by controlling cocatalysts using atomically precise metal nanoclusters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 57:417-440. [PMID: 33350403 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06809h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
With global warming and the depletion of fossil resources, our fossil-fuel-dependent society is expected to shift to one that instead uses hydrogen (H2) as clean and renewable energy. Water-splitting photocatalysts can produce H2 from water using sunlight, which are almost infinite on the earth. However, further improvements are indispensable to enable their practical application. To improve the efficiency of the photocatalytic water-splitting reaction, in addition to improving the semiconductor photocatalyst, it is extremely effective to improve the cocatalysts (loaded metal nanoclusters, NCs) that enable the reaction to proceed on the photocatalysts. We have thus attempted to strictly control metal NCs on photocatalysts by introducing the precise-control techniques of metal NCs established in the metal NC field into research on water-splitting photocatalysts. Specifically, the cocatalysts on the photocatalysts were controlled by adsorbing atomically precise metal NCs on the photocatalysts and then removing the protective ligands by calcination. This work has led to several findings on the electronic/geometrical structures of the loaded metal NCs, the correlation between the types of loaded metal NCs and the water-splitting activity, and the methods for producing high water-splitting activity. We expect that the obtained knowledge will lead to clear design guidelines for the creation of practical water-splitting photocatalysts and thereby contribute to the construction of a hydrogen-energy society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tokuhisa Kawawaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
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17
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Li Y, Cowan MJ, Zhou M, Luo TY, Song Y, Wang H, Rosi NL, Mpourmpakis G, Jin R. Atom-by-Atom Evolution of the Same Ligand-Protected Au 21, Au 22, Au 22Cd 1, and Au 24 Nanocluster Series. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20426-20433. [PMID: 33170677 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Atom-by-atom manipulation on metal nanoclusters (NCs) has long been desired, as the resulting series of NCs can provide insightful understanding of how a single atom affects the structure and properties as well as the evolution with size. Here, we report crystallizations of Au22(SAdm)16 and Au22Cd1(SAdm)16 (SAdm = adamantanethiolate) which link up with Au21(SAdm)15 and Au24(SAdm)16 NCs and form an atom-by-atom evolving series protected by the same ligand. Structurally, Au22(SAdm)16 has an Au3(SAdm)4 surface motif which is longer than the Au2(SAdm)3 on Au21(SAdm)15, whereas Au22Cd1(SAdm)16 lacks one staple Au atom compared to Au24(SAdm)16 and thus the surface structure is reconstructed. A single Cd atom triggers the structural transition from Au22 with a 10-atom bioctahedral kernel to Au22Cd1 with a 13-atom cuboctahedral kernel, and correspondingly, the optical properties are dramatically changed. The photoexcited carrier lifetime demonstrates that the optical properties and excited state relaxation are highly sensitive at the single atom level. By contrast, little change in both ionization potential and electron affinity is found in this series of NCs by theoretical calculations, indicating the electronic properties are independent of adding a single atom in this series. The work provides a paradigm that the NCs with continuous metal atom numbers are accessible and crystallizable when meticulously designed, and the optical properties are more affected at the single atom level than the electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Michael J Cowan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Tian-Yi Luo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Yongbo Song
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - He Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Nathaniel L Rosi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Giannis Mpourmpakis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Rongchao Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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18
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Garcia C, Truttmann V, Lopez I, Haunold T, Marini C, Rameshan C, Pittenauer E, Kregsamer P, Dobrezberger K, Stöger-Pollach M, Barrabés N, Rupprechter G. Dynamics of Pd Dopant Atoms inside Au Nanoclusters during Catalytic CO Oxidation. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2020; 124:23626-23636. [PMID: 33154783 PMCID: PMC7604939 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c05735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Doping gold nanoclusters with palladium has been reported to increase their catalytic activity and stability. PdAu24 nanoclusters, with the Pd dopant atom located at the center of the Au cluster core, were supported on titania and applied in catalytic CO oxidation, showing significantly higher activity than supported monometallic Au25 nanoclusters. After pretreatment, operando DRIFTS spectroscopy detected CO adsorbed on Pd during CO oxidation, indicating migration of the Pd dopant atom from the Au cluster core to the cluster surface. Increasing the number of Pd dopant atoms in the Au structure led to incorporation of Pd mostly in the S-(M-S) n protecting staples, as evidenced by in situ XAFS. A combination of oxidative and reductive thermal pretreatment resulted in the formation of isolated Pd surface sites within the Au surface. The combined analysis of in situ XAFS, operando DRIFTS, and ex situ XPS thus revealed the structural evolution of bimetallic PdAu nanoclusters, yielding a Pd single-site catalyst of 2.7 nm average particle size with improved CO oxidation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Garcia
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität
Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/165, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vera Truttmann
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität
Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/165, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Irene Lopez
- Instituto
De Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politecnica de Valencia - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
(UPV-CSIC), Av. de los Naranjos, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Thomas Haunold
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität
Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/165, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Carlo Marini
- ALBA
Synchrotron Light Facility, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christoph Rameshan
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität
Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/165, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ernst Pittenauer
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Kregsamer
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität
Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Dobrezberger
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität
Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/165, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Stöger-Pollach
- University
Service Center for Transmission Electron Microscopy (USTEM), Technische Universität Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Noelia Barrabés
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität
Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/165, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther Rupprechter
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität
Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/165, 1060 Vienna, Austria
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19
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Kawawaki T, Imai Y, Suzuki D, Kato S, Kobayashi I, Suzuki T, Kaneko R, Hossain S, Negishi Y. Atomically Precise Alloy Nanoclusters. Chemistry 2020; 26:16150-16193. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tokuhisa Kawawaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science Tokyo University of Science Kagurazaka Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
- Research Institute for Science & Technology Tokyo University of Science Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
- Photocatalysis International Research Center Tokyo University of Science 2641 Yamazaki Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
| | - Yukari Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science Tokyo University of Science Kagurazaka Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - Daiki Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science Tokyo University of Science Kagurazaka Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - Shun Kato
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science Tokyo University of Science Kagurazaka Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - Ibuki Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science Tokyo University of Science Kagurazaka Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - Taiyo Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science Tokyo University of Science Kagurazaka Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - Ryo Kaneko
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science Tokyo University of Science Kagurazaka Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - Sakiat Hossain
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science Tokyo University of Science Kagurazaka Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - Yuichi Negishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science Tokyo University of Science Kagurazaka Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
- Research Institute for Science & Technology Tokyo University of Science Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
- Photocatalysis International Research Center Tokyo University of Science 2641 Yamazaki Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
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20
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Zheng K, Xie J. Composition-Dependent Antimicrobial Ability of Full-Spectrum Au xAg 25-x Alloy Nanoclusters. ACS NANO 2020; 14:11533-11541. [PMID: 32794730 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Alloying is an efficient chemistry to diversify the properties of metal nanoparticles; however, the atomic-level understandings of the composition-dependent physicochemical properties and their related biological performance are presently lacking. Here, we developed a full spectrum of alloy metal nanoclusters (NCs), AuxAg25-x(MHA)18 (MHA = 6-mercaptohexanoic acid) with x = 0-25, and investigated their composition-dependent antimicrobial performance. Interestingly, we observed a U-shape antimicrobial behavior of AuxAg25-x(MHA)18 NCs, where the alloy NCs showed decreased antimicrobial ability instead of the common trend of increasing. Detailed atomic-level characterizations of the AuAg NCs suggest that the decreased performance of alloy NCs is due to their enhanced stability after alloying, which can deactivate their capability in generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can kill the bacteria. More interestingly, the transition point of the antimicrobial performance was only obtained with our full-spectrum AuxAg25-x(MHA)18 NCs, which indicates the importance of exploring the composition-dependent properties and application performance in a full-spectrum composition range. A library of full-spectrum alloy NCs also provides a good platform to investigate other composition-dependent physicochemical and biological properties of metal NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Zheng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Jianping Xie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
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21
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Jin R, Li G, Sharma S, Li Y, Du X. Toward Active-Site Tailoring in Heterogeneous Catalysis by Atomically Precise Metal Nanoclusters with Crystallographic Structures. Chem Rev 2020; 121:567-648. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongchao Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Gao Li
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China
| | - Sachil Sharma
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China
| | - Yingwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Xiangsha Du
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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22
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23
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Ebina A, Hossain S, Horihata H, Ozaki S, Kato S, Kawawaki T, Negishi Y. One-, Two-, and Three-Dimensional Self-Assembly of Atomically Precise Metal Nanoclusters. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1105. [PMID: 32503177 PMCID: PMC7353419 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Metal nanoclusters (NCs), which consist of several, to about one hundred, metal atoms, have attracted much attention as functional nanomaterials for use in nanotechnology. Because of their fine particle size, metal NCs exhibit physical/chemical properties and functions different from those of the corresponding bulk metal. In recent years, many techniques to precisely synthesize metal NCs have been developed. However, to apply these metal NCs in devices and as next-generation materials, it is necessary to assemble metal NCs to a size that is easy to handle. Recently, multiple techniques have been developed to form one-, two-, and three-dimensional connected structures (CSs) of metal NCs through self-assembly. Further progress of these techniques will promote the development of nanomaterials that take advantage of the characteristics of metal NCs. This review summarizes previous research on the CSs of metal NCs. We hope that this review will allow readers to obtain a general understanding of the formation and functions of CSs and that the obtained knowledge will help to establish clear design guidelines for fabricating new CSs with desired functions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayano Ebina
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan; (A.E.); (S.H.); (H.H.); (S.O.); (S.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Sakiat Hossain
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan; (A.E.); (S.H.); (H.H.); (S.O.); (S.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Hikaru Horihata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan; (A.E.); (S.H.); (H.H.); (S.O.); (S.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Shuhei Ozaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan; (A.E.); (S.H.); (H.H.); (S.O.); (S.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Shun Kato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan; (A.E.); (S.H.); (H.H.); (S.O.); (S.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Tokuhisa Kawawaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan; (A.E.); (S.H.); (H.H.); (S.O.); (S.K.); (T.K.)
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- Photocatalysis International Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yuichi Negishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan; (A.E.); (S.H.); (H.H.); (S.O.); (S.K.); (T.K.)
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- Photocatalysis International Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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24
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Kumar B, Kawawaki T, Shimizu N, Imai Y, Suzuki D, Hossain S, Nair LV, Negishi Y. Gold nanoclusters as electrocatalysts: size, ligands, heteroatom doping, and charge dependences. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:9969-9979. [PMID: 32167113 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00702a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
To establish an ultimate energy conversion system consisting of a water-splitting photocatalyst and a fuel cell, it is necessary to further increase the efficiencies of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Recently, it was demonstrated that thiolate (SR)-protected gold clusters, Aun(SR)m, and their related alloy clusters can serve as model catalysts for these three reactions. However, as the previous data have been obtained under different experimental conditions, it is difficult to use them to gain a deep understanding of the means to attain higher activity in these reactions. Herein, we measured the HER, OER, and ORR activities of Aun(SR)m and alloy clusters containing different numbers of constituent atoms, ligand functional groups, and heteroatom species under identical experimental conditions. We obtained a comprehensive set of results that illustrates the effect of each parameter on the activities of the three reactions. Comparison of the series of results revealed that decreasing the number of constituent atoms in the cluster, decreasing the thickness of the ligand layer, and substituting Au with Pd improve the activities in all reactions. Taking the stability of the cluster into consideration, [Au24Pd(PET)18]0 (PET = 2-phenylethanethiolate) can be considered as a metal cluster with high potential as an HER, OER, and ORR catalyst. These findings are expected to provide clear design guidelines for the development of highly active HER, OER, and ORR catalysts using Aun(SR)m and related alloy clusters, which would allow realization of an ultimate energy conversion system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Kumar
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
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25
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Negishi Y, Hashimoto S, Ebina A, Hamada K, Hossain S, Kawawaki T. Atomic-level separation of thiolate-protected metal clusters. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:8017-8039. [PMID: 32207494 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00824a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fine metal clusters have attracted much attention from the viewpoints of both basic and applied science for many years because of their unique physical/chemical properties and functions, which differ from those of bulk metals. Among these materials, thiolate (SR)-protected gold clusters (Aun(SR)m clusters) have been the most studied metal clusters since 2000 because of their ease of synthesis and handling. However, in the early 2000s, it was not easy to isolate these metal clusters. Therefore, high-resolution separation methods were explored, and several atomic-level separation methods, including polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and thin-layer chromatography (TLC), were successively established. These techniques have made it possible to isolate a series of Aun(SR)m clusters, and much knowledge has been obtained on the correlation between the chemical composition and fundamental properties such as the stability, electronic structure, and physical properties of Aun(SR)m clusters. In addition, these high-resolution separation techniques are now also frequently used to evaluate the distribution of the product and to track the reaction process. In this way, high-resolution separation techniques have played an essential role in the study of Aun(SR)m clusters. However, only a few reviews have focused on this work. This review focuses on PAGE, HPLC, and TLC separation techniques, which offer high resolution and repeatability, and summarizes previous studies on the high-resolution separation of Aun(SR)m and related clusters with the purpose of promoting a better understanding of the features and the utility of these techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Negishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
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26
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Negishi Y, Shimizu N, Funai K, Kaneko R, Wakamatsu K, Harasawa A, Hossain S, Schuster ME, Ozkaya D, Kurashige W, Kawawaki T, Yamazoe S, Nagaoka S. γ-Alumina-supported Pt 17 cluster: controlled loading, geometrical structure, and size-specific catalytic activity for carbon monoxide and propylene oxidation. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:669-678. [PMID: 36133224 PMCID: PMC9417680 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00579j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Although Pt is extensively used as a catalyst to purify automotive exhaust gas, it is desirable to reduce Pt consumption through size reduction because Pt is a rare element and an expensive noble metal. In this study, we successfully loaded a Pt17 cluster on γ-alumina (γ-Al2O3) (Pt17/γ-Al2O3) using [Pt17(CO)12(PPh3)8]Cl n (n = 1, 2) as a precursor. In addition, we demonstrated that Pt is not present in the form of an oxide in Pt17/γ-Al2O3 but instead has a framework structure as a metal cluster. Moreover, we revealed that Pt17/γ-Al2O3 exhibits higher catalytic activity for carbon monoxide and propylene oxidation than γ-Al2O3-supported larger Pt nanoparticles (PtNP/γ-Al2O3) prepared using the conventional impregnation method. Recently, our group discovered a simple method for synthesizing the precursor [Pt17(CO)12(PPh3)8]Cl n . Furthermore, Pt17 is a Pt cluster within the size range associated with high catalytic activity. By combining our established synthesis and loading methods, other groups can conduct further research on Pt17/γ-Al2O3 to explore its catalytic activities in greater depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Negishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
- Photocatalysis International Research Center, Tokyo University of Science 2641 Yamazaki, Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shimizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - Kanako Funai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - Ryo Kaneko
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - Kosuke Wakamatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - Atsuya Harasawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - Sakiat Hossain
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - Manfred E Schuster
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre Blounts Court, Sonning Common Reading RG4 9NH UK
| | - Dogan Ozkaya
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre Blounts Court, Sonning Common Reading RG4 9NH UK
| | - Wataru Kurashige
- Johnson Matthey Japan, G.K. 5123-3, Kitsuregawa, Sakura Tochigi 329-1492 Japan
| | - Tokuhisa Kawawaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
- Photocatalysis International Research Center, Tokyo University of Science 2641 Yamazaki, Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
| | - Seiji Yamazoe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji-shi Tokyo 192-0397 Japan
| | - Shuhei Nagaoka
- Johnson Matthey Japan, G.K. 5123-3, Kitsuregawa, Sakura Tochigi 329-1492 Japan
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27
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Li D, Kumari B, Zhang X, Wang C, Mei X, Rotello VM. Purification and separation of ultra-small metal nanoclusters. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 276:102090. [PMID: 31895988 PMCID: PMC6961975 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.102090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Metal nanoclusters (NCs) are ultra-small nanoparticles intermediate in size between small molecule complexes and nanoparticles. NCs with tunable surface functionality feature unique physical and chemical properties, however these properties are frequently compromised by the presence of undesired components such as excess ligands or mixtures of NCs. In a typical synthesis process, different NCs can be formed with varying numbers of metal atoms and/or ligands, and even NCs with the same number of metal atoms and ligands can have different spatial structures. The separation of pure NCs is important because different species have distinct optical and catalytic behavior. However, NCs can be difficult to purify or separate for a range of reasons. In this review, we discuss established and emerging approaches for NC purification/separation, with a focus on choosing the appropriate method depending on NC and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst 01002, USA; Department of Basic Science, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Beena Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst 01002, USA; Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, India
| | - Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst 01002, USA
| | - Cuiping Wang
- Key Laboratory for Functional Material, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China
| | - Xifan Mei
- Department of Basic Science, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst 01002, USA.
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Kawawaki T, Negishi Y. Gold Nanoclusters as Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E238. [PMID: 32013164 PMCID: PMC7075145 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoclusters (Aun NCs) exhibit a size-specific electronic structure unlike bulk gold and can therefore be used as catalysts in various reactions. Ligand-protected Aun NCs can be synthesized with atomic precision, and the geometric structures of many Aun NCs have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. In addition, Aun NCs can be doped with various types of elements. Clarification of the effects of changes to the chemical composition, geometric structure, and associated electronic state on catalytic activity would enable a deep understanding of the active sites and mechanisms in catalytic reactions as well as key factors for high activation. Furthermore, it may be possible to synthesize Aun NCs with properties that surpass those of conventional catalysts using the obtained design guidelines. With these expectations, catalyst research using Aun NCs as a model catalyst has been actively conducted in recent years. This review focuses on the application of Aun NCs as an electrocatalyst and outlines recent research progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tokuhisa Kawawaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1–3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162–8601, Japan;
- Photocatalysis International Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278−8510, Japan
| | - Yuichi Negishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1–3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162–8601, Japan;
- Photocatalysis International Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278−8510, Japan
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Cirri A, Hernández HM, Johnson CJ. High Precision Electronic Spectroscopy of Ligand-Protected Gold Nanoclusters: Effects of Composition, Environment, and Ligand Chemistry. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:1467-1479. [PMID: 31916764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b09164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Atomically precise gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) are a class of nanomaterials valued for their electronic properties and diverse structural features. While the advent of X-ray crystallography of AuNCs has revealed their geometric structures with high precision, detailed electronic structure analysis is challenged by environmental, compositional, and thermal averaging effects present in electronic spectra of typical samples. To circumvent these challenges, we have adapted mass spectrometer-based electronic absorption spectroscopy techniques to acquire high-resolution electronic spectra of atomically precisely defined nanoclusters separated from a synthetic mixture. Here we discuss recent results using this approach to link the surface chemistry of triphenylphosphine-protected AuNCs to their electronic structure and expand on key elements of the experiment and the link between these gas-phase measurements and solution-phase behavior of AuNCs. Chemically derivatized Au8(P(p-X-Ph)3)72+ and Au9(P(p-X-Ph)3)83+ clusters, where X = -H, -CH3, or -OCH3, are used to derive systematic trends in the response of the electronic spectrum to the electron-donating character of the ligand shell. We find a linear relationship between the substituent Hammett parameter σp and the transition energy between both sets of clusters' highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, a transition that is localized in the metal core within the limits of the superatomic model. The similarity of the mass-selective and solution-phase UV/vis spectra of Au9(PPh3)83+ indicates that the interpretation of these experiments is transferable to the condensed phase. He and N2 environments are introduced to a series of isovalent clusters as a subtle probe of discrete environmental effects over electronic structure. Strikingly, select bands in the UV/vis spectrum respond strongly to the identity of the environment, which we interpret as a state-selective indicator of interfacially relevant electronic transitions. Physically predictable trends such as these will aid in building molecular design principles necessary for the development of novel materials based on nanoclusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Cirri
- Department of Chemistry , Stony Brook University , 100 Nicolls Road , Stony Brook , New York 11794-3400 , United States
| | - Hanna Morales Hernández
- Department of Chemistry , Stony Brook University , 100 Nicolls Road , Stony Brook , New York 11794-3400 , United States
| | - Christopher J Johnson
- Department of Chemistry , Stony Brook University , 100 Nicolls Road , Stony Brook , New York 11794-3400 , United States
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Yoshida H, Ehara M, Priyakumar UD, Kawai T, Nakashima T. Enantioseparation and chiral induction in Ag 29 nanoclusters with intrinsic chirality. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2394-2400. [PMID: 34084402 PMCID: PMC8157427 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05299b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The optical activity of a metal nanocluster (NC) is induced either by an asymmetric arrangement of constituents or by a dissymmetric field of a chiral ligand layer. Herein, we unveil the origin of chirality in Ag29 NCs, which is attributed to the intrinsically chiral atomic arrangement. The X-ray crystal structure of a Ag29(BDT)12(TPP)4 NC (BDT: 1,3-benzenedithiol; TPP: triphenylphosphine) manifested the presence of intrinsic chirality in the outer shell capping the icosahedral achiral Ag13 core. The enantiomers of the Ag29(BDT)12(TPP)4 NC are separated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a chiral column for the first time, showing mirror-image circular dichroism (CD) spectra. The CD spectra are reproduced by time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations based on enantiomeric Ag29 models with achiral 1,3-propanedithiolate ligands. The mechanism of chiral induction in the synthesis of Ag29(DHLA)12 (DHLA: α-dihydrolipoic acid) NCs with a chiral ligand system is further discussed with the aid of DFT calculations. The use of the enantiomeric DHLA ligand preferentially leads to a one-handed atomic arrangement which is more stable than the opposite one, inducing the enantiomeric excess in the population of intrinsically chiral Ag29 NCs with CD activity. Enantioseparation of Ag29 nanoclusters with intrinsic chirality was performed by chiral HPLC, affording a pair of fractions with mirror image CD spectra.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Yoshida
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) Ikoma Nara 630-01921 Japan
| | - Masahiro Ehara
- Institute for Molecular Science, Research Center for Computational Science Myodai-ji Okazaki 444-8585 Japan
| | - U Deva Priyakumar
- Centre for Computational Natural Sciences and Bioinformatics, International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad 500032 India
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawai
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) Ikoma Nara 630-01921 Japan
| | - Takuya Nakashima
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) Ikoma Nara 630-01921 Japan
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31
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Sugi KS, Bhat S, Nag A, Ganesan P, Mahendranath A, Pradeep T. Ligand structure and charge state-dependent separation of monolayer protected Au25 clusters using non-aqueous reversed-phase HPLC. Analyst 2020; 145:1337-1345. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an02043h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a systematic flow rate dependent study of three different aliphatic ligand protected Au25 clusters, with three commercially available reversed-phase HPLC columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korath Shivan Sugi
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE)
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600 036
- India
| | - Shridevi Bhat
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE)
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600 036
- India
| | - Abhijit Nag
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE)
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600 036
- India
| | - Paramasivam Ganesan
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE)
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600 036
- India
| | - Ananthu Mahendranath
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE)
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600 036
- India
| | - Thalappil Pradeep
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE)
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600 036
- India
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32
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Hossain S, Imai Y, Suzuki D, Choi W, Chen Z, Suzuki T, Yoshioka M, Kawawaki T, Lee D, Negishi Y. Elucidating ligand effects in thiolate-protected metal clusters using Au 24Pt(TBBT) 18 as a model cluster. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:22089-22098. [PMID: 31720662 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr07117b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
2-Phenylethanethiolate (PET) and 4-tert-butylbenzenethiolate (TBBT) are the most frequently used ligands in the study of thiolate (SR)-protected metal clusters. However, the effect of difference in the functional group between these ligands on the fundamental properties of the clusters has not been clarified. We synthesized [Au24Pt(TBBT)18]0, which has the same number of metal atoms, number of ligands, and framework structure as [Au24Pt(PET)18]0, by replacing ligands of [Au24Pt(PET)18]0 with TBBT. It was found that this ligand exchange is reversible unlike the case of other metal-core clusters. A comparison of the geometrical/electronic structure and stability of the clusters between [Au24Pt(PET)18]0 and [Au24Pt(TBBT)18]0 revealed three things with regard to the effect of ligand change from PET to TBBT on [Au24Pt(SR)18]0: (1) the induction of metal-core contraction and Au-S bond elongation, (2) no substantial effect on the HOMO-LUMO gap but a clear difference in optical absorption in the visible region, and (3) the decrease of stabilities against degradation in solution and under laser irradiation. By using these two clusters as model clusters, it is expected that the effects of the structural difference of ligand functional-groups on the physical properties and functions of clusters, such as catalytic ability and photoluminescence, would be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakiat Hossain
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
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33
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Chen A, Kang X, Jin S, Du W, Wang S, Zhu M. Gram-Scale Preparation of Stable Hydride M@Cu 24 (M = Au/Cu) Nanoclusters. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:6124-6128. [PMID: 31573812 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The instability of phosphine ligated copper hydride nanoclusters (CuH NCs) has largely limited their application in areas such as H2 storage, CO2 reduction, etc. In this work, the stability of CuH NCs was remarkably enhanced by improving their antioxidant capacity through two different approaches: (i) metal doping and (ii) ligand modification. Three NCs, AuCu24H22(PPh3)12, Cu25H22((p-FPh)3P)12, and AuCu24H22((p-FPh)3P)12, were controllably synthesized, and their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The compositions of these NCs were further confirmed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. More importantly, we achieved gram-level production of M@Cu24 (M = Cu/Au) NCs protected by electron-withdrawing ligands (p-FPh)3P, which in turn proved their superior stability; such a large-scale preparation laid the foundation for future explorations of copper-rich NCs. This work hopes to shed light on large-scale generation of ultrastable Cu-based NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Along Chen
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials , Ministry of Education , Hefei 230601 , Anhui , China
| | - Xi Kang
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials , Ministry of Education , Hefei 230601 , Anhui , China
| | - Shan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials , Ministry of Education , Hefei 230601 , Anhui , China
| | - Wenjun Du
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials , Ministry of Education , Hefei 230601 , Anhui , China
| | - Shuxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials , Ministry of Education , Hefei 230601 , Anhui , China
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials , Ministry of Education , Hefei 230601 , Anhui , China
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34
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Weng B, Zhang J, Shi ZF, Tang Z, Zheng LS, Xu YJ. Improving the Photostability of Ultrasmall Au Clusters via a Combined Strategy of Surface Engineering and Interfacial Modification. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5728-5736. [PMID: 30950616 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Photostability is a critical issue for evaluating the use of photocatalysts to realize large-scale implementation of solar energy conversion. Recently emerged ultrasmall gold (Au) clusters with distinctive physicochemical properties have been regarded as visible-light photosensitizers for photoredox catalysis, whereas the poor stability under visible-light exposure greatly restricts their photocatalytic applications. Herein, we provide a proof-of-concept study on enhancing the photostability of ultrasmall Au clusters via a combined strategy of surface engineering and interfacial modification. The photostability of Au clusters on the surface of TiO2 nanosheets with less hydroxyl group can be improved to some extent as compared to that on TiO2 nanoparticles with abundant hydroxyl groups under continuous visible-light irradiation (λ > 420 nm). Moreover, the subsequent modification of branched polyethylenimine (BPEI) between TiO2 nanosheets and Au clusters further improves their photostability upon light illumination. Consequently, the as-constructed TiO2 nanosheet-BPEI-Au cluster composites exhibit stable visible-light activity toward Cr(VI) photoreduction. It is hoped that the joint strategy via surface engineering and interfacial modification provides a facile guideline for stabilizing ultrasmall Au clusters toward targeting applications in the photoredox catalysis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Weng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , P. R. China
| | - Junyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , P. R. China
| | - Zai-Fa Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , P. R. China
| | - Zichao Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , P. R. China
| | - Lan-Sun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , P. R. China
| | - Yi-Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350116 , P. R. China
- College of Chemistry , Fuzhou University , New Campus , Fuzhou 350116 , P. R. China
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35
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Ji BQ, Su HF, Jagodič M, Jagličić Z, Kurmoo M, Wang XP, Tung CH, Cao ZZ, Sun D. Self-Organization into Preferred Sites by Mg II, Mn II, and Mn III in Brucite-Structured M 19 Cluster. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:3800-3806. [PMID: 30816713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The search for functional materials, for example those aiming at microelectronics, magnetic recording, and catalysis, often ventures into mixed metal systems to achieve optimization of the properties. Thus, understanding site preference and self-organization is crucial but hard to implement. Herein, we present a system whereby MgII, MnII, and MnIII ions selectively locate exact positions within the Brucite-structured cluster, Mn13Mg6, [MnIII⊂MgII6⊂MnII9MnIII3( L)18(OH)12(N3)6](ClO4)6·12CH3CN, H L = 1-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dimethylpyrazolate). The MnIII being small (78 pm) takes up the core position; while 6 MgII (86 pm) are located in the inner ring, and the 9 large MnII (97 pm) and 3 MnIII occupy the outer ring. The factors (a) ionic radii, (b) regularity in coordination geometry, oxophilicity, and softness of MgII compared to MnII, and (c) Jahn-Teller distortion of MnIII may all be implicated synergistically. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry reveals the M19 disc remains an integral unit when crystals are dissolved, and exchange between Mg and Mn occurs within the disc during its formation. Diamagnetic MgII doping insulates the magnetic exchange between the central MnIII and those in the outer ring, thus giving an overall antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between nearest-neighbors of the outer ring. The work reveals the underlying rule for site-preference of main group metal versus transition metal in disc-like Brucite-structured cluster and provides an elegant new avenue to assemble heterometallic clusters in a stepwise fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Qian Ji
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials , Shandong University , Jinan , 250100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Feng Su
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , P. R. China
| | - Marko Jagodič
- Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering & Institute of Mathematics, Physics and Mechanics , University of Ljubljana , Jamova 2 , 1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Zvonko Jagličić
- Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering & Institute of Mathematics, Physics and Mechanics , University of Ljubljana , Jamova 2 , 1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Mohamedally Kurmoo
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg , Université de Strasbourg , CNRS-UMR 7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal , 67008 Strasbourg Cedex , France
| | - Xing-Po Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials , Shandong University , Jinan , 250100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials , Shandong University , Jinan , 250100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zao-Zhen Cao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials , Shandong University , Jinan , 250100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Di Sun
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials , Shandong University , Jinan , 250100 , People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , P. R. China
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36
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Niihori Y, Yoshida K, Hossain S, Kurashige W, Negishi Y. Deepening the Understanding of Thiolate-Protected Metal Clusters Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Niihori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Kana Yoshida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Sakiat Hossain
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Wataru Kurashige
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- Photocatalysis International Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yuichi Negishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- Photocatalysis International Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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37
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Knoppe S, Vogt P. HPLC of Monolayer-Protected Gold Clusters with Baseline Separation. Anal Chem 2018; 91:1603-1609. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Knoppe
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Max-Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstraße 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Pascal Vogt
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Hossain S, Niihori Y, Nair LV, Kumar B, Kurashige W, Negishi Y. Alloy Clusters: Precise Synthesis and Mixing Effects. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:3114-3124. [PMID: 30460847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metal alloys exhibit functionalities unlike those of single metals. Such alloying has drawn considerable research interest, particularly for nanoscale particles (metal clusters/nanoparticles), from the viewpoint of creating new functional nanomaterials. In gas phase cluster research, generated alloy clusters can be spatially separated with atomic precision in vacuum. Thus, the influences of increases or decreases in each element on the overall electronic structure of the cluster can be elucidated. However, to further understand the related mixing and synergistic effects, alloy clusters need to be produced on a large scale and characterized by various techniques. Because alloy clusters protected by thiolate (SR) can be synthesized by chemical methods and are stable in both solution and the solid state, these clusters are ideal study materials to better understand the mixing and synergistic effects. Moreover, the alloy clusters thus created have potential applications as functional materials. Therefore, since 2008, we have been working on establishing a precise synthesis method for SR-protected alloy clusters and elucidating their mixing and synergistic effects. Early research focused on the precise synthesis of alloy clusters wherein some of the Au in the stable SR-protected gold clusters ([Au25(SR)18]- and [Au38(SR)24]0) is replaced by Pd, Ag, or Cu. These studies have shown that Pd, Ag, or Cu substitute at different metal sites. We also have examined the as-synthesized alloy clusters to clarify the effect of substitution by each element on the physical and chemical properties of the clusters. However, in early studies, the number of substitutions could not be controlled with atomic accuracy for [Au25- xM x(SR)18]- (M = Ag or Cu). Then, in following research, methods have been established to obtain alloy clusters with control over the composition. We have succeeded in developing a method for controlling the number of Ag substitutions with atomic precision and thereby elucidating the effect of Ag substitution on the electronic structure of clusters with atomic precision. Concurrently, we also studied alloy clusters containing multiple heteroelements with different preferential substitution sites. These results revealed that the effects of substitution of each element can be superimposed on the cluster by combining multiple elemental substitutions at different sites. In addition, we successfully developed methods to synthesize alloy clusters with heterometal core. These findings are expected to lead to clear design guidelines for developing new functional nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakiat Hossain
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1−3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162−8601, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Niihori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1−3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162−8601, Japan
| | - Lakshmi V. Nair
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1−3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162−8601, Japan
| | - Bharat Kumar
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1−3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162−8601, Japan
| | - Wataru Kurashige
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1−3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162−8601, Japan
| | - Yuichi Negishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1−3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162−8601, Japan
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