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Ren Y, Wang Y, Zhao M, Zhou Z, Zhang Q, Zhu Q, Wu K. Dynamics of Phonon-Assisted Holes Trapping and Transport over Chemical Defects in Polyethylene. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:1039-1049. [PMID: 36662499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Charge trapping and transport over chemical defects in polyethylene have significant impacts on its electrical and dielectric properties. However, the dynamics of this phenomenon and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To understand this fundamental aspect, we conducted a time-domain ab initio nonadiabatic molecular dynamics study of phonon-assisted holes dynamics in polyethylene over C═O and C-OH defect states. Our results suggest that the hole transfer and energy fluctuations substantially depend on temperature and local morphology. When the temperature decreases from 300 to 100 K, the hole transfer efficiency and the energy fluctuations are severely suppressed due to the weakened interactions between holes and phonons. Furthermore, amorphous polyethylene exhibits a severe suppression of the hole transfer process compared to crystalline polyethylene. An explanation for the influence of morphology on the hole transfer process can be found in the differences in the hole-phonon coupling and the electronic coupling between two chemical defect states in crystalline and amorphous polyethylene. Advancing the fundamental understanding of the dynamics of hole transfer over chemical effects in polymers is a key to improving their insulating properties for the next-generation high-voltage cables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Electronics and Information, Xi'an Polytechnic University, 19 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Manqing Zhao
- School of Electronics and Information, Xi'an Polytechnic University, 19 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Zilin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Qiankai Zhang
- School of Electronics and Information, Xi'an Polytechnic University, 19 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Qingdong Zhu
- State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute, 2000 Wangyue Road, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Kai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, China
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Linker T, Wang Y, Mishra A, Kamal D, Cao Y, Kalia RK, Nakano A, Ramprasad R, Shimojo F, Sotzing G, Vashishta P. Deep Well Trapping of Hot Carriers in a Hexagonal Boron Nitride Coating of Polymer Dielectrics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:60393-60400. [PMID: 34890506 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polymer dielectrics can be cost-effective alternatives to conventional inorganic dielectric materials, but their practical application is critically hindered by their breakdown under high electric fields driven by excited hot charge carriers. Using a joint experiment-simulation approach, we show that a 2D nanocoating of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) mitigates the damage done by hot carriers, thereby increasing the breakdown strength. Surface potential decay and dielectric breakdown measurements of hBN-coated Kapton show the carrier-trapping effect in the hBN nanocoating, which leads to an increased breakdown strength. Nonadiabatic quantum molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that hBN layers at the polymer-electrode interfaces can trap hot carriers, elucidating the observed increase in the breakdown field. The trapping of hot carriers is due to a deep potential well formed in the hBN layers at the polymer-electrode interface. Searching for materials with similar deep well potential profiles could lead to a computationally efficient way to design good polymer coatings that can mitigate breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Linker
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0242, United States
| | - Yifei Wang
- Electrical Insulation Research Center, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Ankit Mishra
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0242, United States
| | - Deepak Kamal
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yang Cao
- Electrical Insulation Research Center, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Rajiv K Kalia
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0242, United States
| | - Aiichiro Nakano
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0242, United States
| | - Rampi Ramprasad
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Fuyuki Shimojo
- Department of Physics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Gregory Sotzing
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Priya Vashishta
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0242, United States
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Du FY, Chen RC, Che J, Xu WD, Liu X, Li YT, Zhou YL, Yuan J, Zhang QP. High loading BaTiO 3 nanoparticles chemically bonded with fluorinated silicone rubber for largely enhanced dielectric properties of polymer nanocomposites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:26219-26226. [PMID: 34787124 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04040e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Integrating high-loading dielectric nanoparticles into polar polymer matrices potentially can profit the intrinsic polarization of each phase and allow for greatly enhanced dielectric properties in polymer nanocomposites. It is however challenging to achieve desirable highly filled polar polymer composites because of the lack of efficient approaches to disperse nanoparticles and maintain interfacial compatibility. Here, we report a versatile route to fabricate highly filled barium titanate/fluorinated silicone rubber (BT/FSR) nanocomposites by "thiol-ene click" and isostatic pressing techniques. The loaded BT nanoparticles (from 82 wt% to 90 wt%) are chemically bonded with FSR in the nanocomposites. The existence of the polar group (-CH2CF3) of the polymer matrix does not affect the uniform dispersion of the nanoparticles or the good interfacial compatibility. The 90 wt% BT/FSR nanocomposite shows the highest dielectric constant of 57.8 at 103 Hz, while the loss tangent can be kept below 0.03. Besides, BT/FSR nanocomposites display higher breakdown strength than BT/SR nanocomposites. This work offers a facile strategy towards superior dielectric properties of polymer nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Rui-Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Junjin Che
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5031, 33600, Pessac, France.
| | - Wei-Di Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Xiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Yin-Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Yuan-Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Jinkai Yuan
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5031, 33600, Pessac, France.
| | - Quan-Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
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Linker T, Tiwari S, Fukushima S, Kalia RK, Krishnamoorthy A, Nakano A, Nomura KI, Shimamura K, Shimojo F, Vashishta P. Optically Induced Three-Stage Picosecond Amorphization in Low-Temperature SrTiO 3. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:9605-9612. [PMID: 33124829 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photoexcitation can drastically modify potential energy surfaces of materials, allowing access to hidden phases. SrTiO3 (STO) is an ideal material for photoexcitation studies due to its prevalent use in nanostructured devices and its rich range of functionality-changing lattice motions. Recently, a hidden ferroelectric phase in STO was accessed through weak terahertz excitation of polarization-inducing phonon modes. In contrast, whereas strong laser excitation was shown to induce nanostructures on STO surfaces and control nanopolarization patterns in STO-based heterostructures, the dynamic pathways underlying these optically induced structural changes remain unknown. Here nonadiabatic quantum molecular dynamics reveals picosecond amorphization in photoexcited STO at temperatures as low as 10 K. The three-stage pathway involves photoinduced charge transfer and optical phonon activation followed by nonlinear charge and lattice dynamics that ultimately lead to amorphization. This atomistic understanding could guide not only rational laser nanostructuring of STO but also broader "quantum materials on demand" technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Linker
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0242, United States
| | - Subodh Tiwari
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0242, United States
| | - Shogo Fukushima
- Department of Physics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Rajiv K Kalia
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0242, United States
| | - Aravind Krishnamoorthy
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0242, United States
| | - Aiichiro Nakano
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0242, United States
| | - Ken-Ichi Nomura
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0242, United States
| | - Kohei Shimamura
- Department of Physics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Shimojo
- Department of Physics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Priya Vashishta
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0242, United States
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Wheatle BK, Fuentes EF, Lynd NA, Ganesan V. Design of Polymer Blend Electrolytes through a Machine Learning Approach. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bill K. Wheatle
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin 78712, Texas, United States
| | - Erick F. Fuentes
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin 78712, Texas, United States
| | - Nathaniel A. Lynd
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin 78712, Texas, United States
| | - Venkat Ganesan
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin 78712, Texas, United States
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