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Thermodynamic properties and morphology of 2D NBR/PEG-PPG-PEG networks. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Vaillard AS, El Haitami A, Dreier LB, Fontaine P, Cousin F, Gutfreund P, Goldmann M, Backus EHG, Cantin S. Vertically Heterogeneous 2D Semi-Interpenetrating Networks Based on Cellulose Acetate and Cross-Linked Polybutadiene. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:2538-2549. [PMID: 35171621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the feasibility of polybutadiene (PB) cross-linking under UV irradiation in the presence of a linear polymer, cellulose acetate (CA), to form semi-interpenetrating polymer networks at the air-water interface. The thermodynamic properties and the morphology of two-dimensional (2D) CA/PB blends are investigated after UV irradiation and for a wide range of CA volume fractions. A contraction of the mixed Langmuir films is observed independent of the composition, in agreement with that recorded for the individual PB monolayer after cross-linking. The PB network formation is demonstrated by in situ sum-frequency generation spectroscopy on the equivolumic CA/PB mixed film. From Brewster angle microscopy observations, the PB network synthesis does not induce any morphology change at the mesoscopic scale, and all of the mixed films remain homogeneous laterally. In situ neutron reflectometry is used to probe the effect of PB cross-linking on the vertical structure of CA/PB mixed films. For all studied compositions, significant thickening of the films is evidenced, consistent with their contraction ratio. This thickening is accompanied by a partial expulsion of the PB toward the film-air interface, which is attributed to the hydrophobic character of the PB. This phenomenon is stronger for films rich in PB. In particular, the structure of the PB-rich film undergoes a transition from vertically homogeneous to inhomogeneous along the depth. 2D semi-interpenetrating polymer networks can thus be synthesized at the air-water interface with a morphology that is strongly influenced by the polymer-polymer and polymer-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lisa B Dreier
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Philippe Fontaine
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Fabrice Cousin
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Michel Goldmann
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, Sorbonne Université, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Ellen H G Backus
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Vaillard AS, El Haitami A, Fontaine P, Cousin F, Gutfreund P, Goldmann M, Cantin S. Surface Pressure-Induced Interdiffused Structure Evidenced by Neutron Reflectometry in Cellulose Acetate/Polybutadiene Langmuir Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:5717-5730. [PMID: 33905653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Binary blends of water-insoluble polymers are a versatile strategy to obtain nanostructured films at the air-water interface. However, there are few reported structural studies of such systems in the literature. Depending on the compatibility of the polymers and the role of the air-water interface, one can expect various morphologies. In that context, we probed Langmuir monolayers of cellulose acetate (CA), of deuterated and postoxidized polybutadiene (PBd) and three mixtures of CA/PBd at various concentrations by coupling surface pressure-area isotherms, Brewster angle microscopy (BAM), and neutron reflectometry at the air-water interface to determine their thermodynamic and structural properties. The homogeneity of the films in the vertical direction, averaged laterally over the spatial coherence length of the neutron beam (∼5 μm), was assessed by neutron reflectometry measurements using D2O/H2O subphases contrast-matched to the mixed films. At 5 mN/m, the whole mixed films can be described by a single slightly hydrated thin layer. However, at 15 mN/m, the fit of the reflectivity curves requires a two-layer model consisting of a CA/PBd blend layer in contact with the water, interdiffused with a PBd layer at the interface with air. At intermediate surface pressure (10 mN/m), the determined structure was between those obtained at 5 and 15 mN/m depending on film composition. This PBd enrichment at the air-film interface at high surface pressure, which leads to the PBd depletion in the blend monolayer at the water surface, is attributed to the hydrophobic character of this polymer compared with the predominantly hydrophilic CA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Philippe Fontaine
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin, BP48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Fabrice Cousin
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA-CNRS UMR 12, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Philipp Gutfreund
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Michel Goldmann
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin, BP48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université de Paris, 45 rue des Sts-Pères, 75006 Paris, France
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Narayanan T, Wacklin H, Konovalov O, Lund R. Recent applications of synchrotron radiation and neutrons in the study of soft matter. CRYSTALLOGR REV 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/0889311x.2016.1277212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanna Wacklin
- European Spallation Source ERIC, Lund, Sweden
- Physical Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Reidar Lund
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway
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