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Merecz-Sadowska A, Isca VMS, Sitarek P, Kowalczyk T, Małecka M, Zajdel K, Zielińska-Bliźniewska H, Jęcek M, Rijo P, Zajdel R. Exploring the Anticancer Potential of Semisynthetic Derivatives of 7α-Acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone from Plectranthus sp.: An In Silico Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4529. [PMID: 38674113 PMCID: PMC11050557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The diterpene 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone isolated from Plectranthus grandidentatus demonstrates promising antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. However, its bioactivity may be enhanced via strategic structural modifications of such natural products through semisynthesis. The anticancer potential of 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone and five derivatives was analyzed in silico via the prediction of chemicals absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET), quantum mechanical calculations, molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation. The protein targets included regulators of apoptosis and cell proliferation. Additionally, network pharmacology was used to identify potential targets and signaling pathways. Derivatives 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxy-12-O-(2-fluoryl)royleanone and 7α-acetoxy-6β-(4-fluoro)benzoxy-12-O-(4-fluoro)benzoylroyleanone achieved high predicted binding affinities towards their respective protein panels, with stable molecular dynamics trajectories. Both compounds demonstrated favorable ADMET parameters and toxicity profiles. Their stability and reactivity were confirmed via geometry optimization. Network analysis revealed their involvement in cancer-related pathways. Our findings justify the inclusion of 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxy-12-O-(2-fluoryl)royleanone and 7α-acetoxy-6β-(4-fluoro)benzoxy-12-O-(4-fluoro)benzoylroyleanone in in vitro analyses as prospective anticancer agents. Our binding mode analysis and stability simulations indicate their potential as selective inhibitors. The data will guide studies into their structure optimization, enhancing efficacy and drug-likeness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland; (M.J.); (R.Z.)
- Department of Allergology and Respiratory Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, 90-725 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Vera M. S. Isca
- Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Małecka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163/165, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Karolina Zajdel
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-645 Lodz, Poland;
| | | | - Mariusz Jęcek
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland; (M.J.); (R.Z.)
| | - Patricia Rijo
- Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland; (M.J.); (R.Z.)
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-645 Lodz, Poland;
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2
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Isca VMS, Sitarek P, Merecz-Sadowska A, Małecka M, Owczarek M, Wieczfińska J, Zajdel R, Nowak P, Rijo P, Kowalczyk T. Anticancer Effects of Abietane Diterpene 7α-Acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone from Plectranthus grandidentatus and Its Semi-Synthetic Analogs: An In Silico Computational Approach. Molecules 2024; 29:1807. [PMID: 38675627 PMCID: PMC11052076 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The abietane diterpenoid 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone (Roy) isolated from Plectranthus grandidentatus demonstrates cytotoxicity across numerous cancer cell lines. To potentiate anticancer attributes, a series of semi-synthetic Roy derivatives were generated and examined computationally. ADMET predictions were used to evaluate drug-likeness and toxicity risks. The antineoplastic potential was quantified by PASS. The DFT models were used to assess their reactivity and stability. Molecular docking determined cancer-related protein binding. MS simulations examined ligand-protein stability. Additionally, network pharmacology was used to identify potential targets and signaling pathways. Favorable ADME attributes and acceptable toxicity profiles were determined for all compounds. Strong anticancer potential was shown across derivatives (Pa 0.819-0.879). Strategic modifications altered HOMO-LUMO gaps (3.39-3.79 eV) and global reactivity indices. Favorable binding was revealed against cyclin-dependent kinases, BCL-2, caspases, receptor tyrosine kinases, and p53. The ligand exhibited a stable binding pose in MD simulations. Network analysis revealed involvement in cancer-related pathways. In silico evaluations predicted Roy and derivatives as effective molecules with anticancer properties. Experimental progress is warranted to realize their chemotherapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera M. S. Isca
- Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland; (A.M.-S.); (R.Z.); (P.N.)
- Department of Allergology and Respiratory Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, 90-725 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Małecka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163/165, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Monika Owczarek
- Łukasiewicz Research Network, Lodz Institute of Technology, Skłodowskiej-Curie 19/27, 90-570 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Joanna Wieczfińska
- Department of Immunopathology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland; (A.M.-S.); (R.Z.); (P.N.)
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-645 Lodz, Poland
| | - Paweł Nowak
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland; (A.M.-S.); (R.Z.); (P.N.)
| | - Patricia Rijo
- Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
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3
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Sun Y, Yang HY, Huang PZ, Zhang LJ, Feng WJ, Li Y, Gao K. Abietane diterpenoids with anti-inflammatory activities from Callicarpa bodinieri. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 214:113825. [PMID: 37591440 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Nine undescribed abietane diterpenoids (1-9) and eleven known abietane analogs (10-20) were isolated from Callicarpa bodinieri. Their structures were characterized by interpreting spectroscopic data, X-ray crystallography, and ECD analysis. The anti-inflammatory activities of these compounds were tested by evaluation of their inhibitory effect on NO production by lipopolysaccharide in RAW 264.7 macrophages, and compounds 3 and 8 exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activities with IC50 values of 36.35 ± 1.12 and 37.21 ± 0.92 μM. The western blotting studies demonstrated that compound 3 inhibited the expression of nitric oxide synthase and p65 that involved in the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Zhi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jiao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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4
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García C, Bernardes CES, Piedade MF, Fumagalli G, Colombo E, Díaz-Lanza AM, Reis CP, Correia I, Ascensão L, Passarella D, da Piedade MEM, Rijo P. Dehydroroyleanone as a Building Block for a Drug Delivery Platform Based on Self-Assembled Nanoparticles: Structural Studies and Chemical Modification. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:44180-44186. [PMID: 36506152 PMCID: PMC9730763 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
6,7-Dehydroroyleanone (DHR) is a caspase-induced cytotoxic abietane diterpene, frequently found on Plectranthus spp. A pharmaceutical formulation consisting of a DHR-squalene conjugate was synthesized and analyzed by different techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The facile production of the dispersion of DHR-squalene conjugate nanoparticles in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) suggests that this nanodelivery platform may be an effective system to improve the solubility and bioavailability of DHR, so that therapeutical systemic levels may be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina García
- CBIOS—Universidade
Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health
Technologies, 1749-024Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento
de Ciencias Biomédicas (Área de Farmacología;
Nuevos A̅gentes Antitumorales, Acción Tóxica Sobre
Células Leucémicas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km. 33,600, 28805Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - Carlos E. S. Bernardes
- Centro
de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento
de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade
de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M. Fátima
M. Piedade
- Centro
de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento
de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade
de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro
de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto
Superior Técnico, Universidade de
Lisboa, 1049-001Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gaia Fumagalli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università Degli Studi
di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133Milano, Italy
| | - Eleonora Colombo
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università Degli Studi
di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133Milano, Italy
| | - Ana M. Díaz-Lanza
- Departamento
de Ciencias Biomédicas (Área de Farmacología;
Nuevos A̅gentes Antitumorales, Acción Tóxica Sobre
Células Leucémicas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km. 33,600, 28805Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - Catarina P. Reis
- Instituto
de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade
de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto
de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel Correia
- Centro
de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto
Superior Técnico, Universidade de
Lisboa, 1049-001Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lia Ascensão
- Centro
de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Daniele Passarella
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università Degli Studi
di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133Milano, Italy
| | - Manuel E. Minas da Piedade
- Centro
de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento
de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade
de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Rijo
- CBIOS—Universidade
Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health
Technologies, 1749-024Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto
de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade
de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003Lisboa, Portugal
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5
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Plectranthus Zeylanicus: A Rich Source of Secondary Metabolites with Antimicrobial, Disinfectant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040436. [PMID: 35455433 PMCID: PMC9032881 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plectranthus zeylanicus Benth is used in Sri Lankan folk medicine as a remedy for inflammatory conditions and microbial infections. Our previous investigations revealed potent 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitory activity in lipophilic extracts of this plant, supporting its anti-inflammatory potential. In-depth studies on the antimicrobial activity have not been conducted and the bioactive ingredients remained elusive. As a continuation of our previous work, the present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of different extracts of P. zeylanicus and to isolate and characterize bioactive secondary metabolites. Different organic extracts of this plant were analyzed for their antibacterial activity, and the most active extract, i.e., dichloromethane extract, was subjected to bioactivity-guided fractionation, which led to the isolation of 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone. This compound displayed strong antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 62.5 µg/mL, and its disinfectant capacity was comparable to the potency of a commercial disinfectant. Moreover, 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone inhibits 5-LO with IC50 values of 1.3 and 5.1 µg/mL in cell-free and cell-based assays, respectively. These findings rationalize the ethnopharmacological use of P. zeylanicus as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory remedy.
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6
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Ntungwe E, Domínguez-Martín EM, Bangay G, Garcia C, Guerreiro I, Colombo E, Saraiva L, Díaz-Lanza AM, Rosatella A, Alves MM, Reis CP, Passarella D, Rijo P. Self-Assembly Nanoparticles of Natural Bioactive Abietane Diterpenes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910210. [PMID: 34638551 PMCID: PMC8508833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Different approaches have been reported to enhance penetration of small drugs through physiological barriers; among them is the self-assembly drug conjugates preparation that shows to be a promising approach to improve activity and penetration, as well as to reduce side effects. In recent years, the use of drug-conjugates, usually obtained by covalent coupling of a drug with biocompatible lipid moieties to form nanoparticles, has gained considerable attention. Natural products isolated from plants have been a successful source of potential drug leads with unique structural diversity. In the present work three molecules derived from natural products were employed as lead molecules for the synthesis of self-assembled nanoparticles. The first molecule is the cytotoxic royleanone 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone (Roy, 1) that has been isolated from hairy coleus (Plectranthus hadiensis (Forssk.) Schweinf). ex Sprenger leaves in a large amount. This royleanone, its hemisynthetic derivative 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxy-12-benzoyloxyroyleanone (12BzRoy, 2) and 6,7-dehydroroyleanone (DHR, 3), isolated from the essential oil of thicket coleus (P. madagascariensis (Pers.) Benth.) were employed in this study. The royleanones were conjugated with squalene (sq), oleic acid (OA), and/or 1-bromododecane (BD) self-assembly inducers. Roy-OA, DHR-sq, and 12BzRoy-sq conjugates were successfully synthesized and characterized. The cytotoxic effect of DHR-sq was previously assessed on three human cell lines: NCI-H460 (IC50 74.0 ± 2.2 µM), NCI-H460/R (IC50 147.3 ± 3.7 µM), and MRC-5 (IC50 127.3 ± 7.3 µM), and in this work Roy-OA NPs was assayed against Vero-E6 cells at different concentrations (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mg/mL). The cytotoxicity of DHR-sq NPs was lower when compared with DHR alone in these cell lines: NCI-H460 (IC50 10.3 ± 0.5 µM), NCI-H460/R (IC50 10.6 ± 0.4 µM), and MRC-5 (IC5016.9 ± 0.5 µM). The same results were observed with Roy-OA NPs against Vero-E6 cells as was found to be less cytotoxic than Roy alone in all the concentrations tested. From the obtained DLS results, 12BzRoy-sq assemblies were not in the nano range, although Roy-OA NP assemblies show a promising size (509.33 nm), Pdl (0.249), zeta potential (−46.2 mV), and spherical morphology from SEM. In addition, these NPs had a low release of Roy at physiological pH 7.4 after 24 h. These results suggest the nano assemblies can act as prodrugs for the release of cytotoxic lead molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Epole Ntungwe
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.N.); (E.M.D.-M.); (G.B.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (A.R.)
- Pharmacology Area (Pharmacognosy Laboratory), New Antitumor Compounds: Toxic Action on Leukemia Cells Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá de Henares, Ctra. A2, Km 33.100–Campus Universitario, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
| | - Eva María Domínguez-Martín
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.N.); (E.M.D.-M.); (G.B.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (A.R.)
- Pharmacology Area (Pharmacognosy Laboratory), New Antitumor Compounds: Toxic Action on Leukemia Cells Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá de Henares, Ctra. A2, Km 33.100–Campus Universitario, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
| | - Gabrielle Bangay
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.N.); (E.M.D.-M.); (G.B.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (A.R.)
- Pharmacology Area (Pharmacognosy Laboratory), New Antitumor Compounds: Toxic Action on Leukemia Cells Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá de Henares, Ctra. A2, Km 33.100–Campus Universitario, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
| | - Catarina Garcia
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.N.); (E.M.D.-M.); (G.B.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (A.R.)
- Pharmacology Area (Pharmacognosy Laboratory), New Antitumor Compounds: Toxic Action on Leukemia Cells Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá de Henares, Ctra. A2, Km 33.100–Campus Universitario, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
| | - Iris Guerreiro
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.N.); (E.M.D.-M.); (G.B.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Eleonora Colombo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (E.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Lucilia Saraiva
- LAQV-Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Ana María Díaz-Lanza
- Pharmacology Area (Pharmacognosy Laboratory), New Antitumor Compounds: Toxic Action on Leukemia Cells Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá de Henares, Ctra. A2, Km 33.100–Campus Universitario, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
| | - Andreia Rosatella
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.N.); (E.M.D.-M.); (G.B.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (A.R.)
- iMed.ULisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Marta M. Alves
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Catarina Pinto Reis
- iMed.ULisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Daniele Passarella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (E.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Patricia Rijo
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.N.); (E.M.D.-M.); (G.B.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (A.R.)
- iMed.ULisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Correspondence:
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7
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Ntungwe E, Domínguez-Martín EM, Teodósio C, Teixidó-Trujillo S, Armas Capote N, Saraiva L, Díaz-Lanza AM, Duarte N, Rijo P. Preliminary Biological Activity Screening of Plectranthus spp. Extracts for the Search of Anticancer Lead Molecules. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14050402. [PMID: 33922685 PMCID: PMC8146581 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Plectranthus species (Lamiaceae) have been employed in traditional medicine and this is now validated by the presence of bioactive abietane-type diterpenoids. Herein, sixteen Plectranthus acetonic extracts were prepared by ultrasound-assisted extraction and their biological activity was screened. The antimicrobial activity of each extract was screened against yeasts, and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The P. hadiensis and P. mutabilis extracts possessed significant activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans (microdilution method). Moreover, all extracts showed antioxidant activity using the DPPH method, with P. hadiensis and P. mutabilis extracts having the highest scavenging activities. Selected by the Artemia salina model, P. hadiensis and P.ciliatus possessed low micromolar anti-proliferative activities in human colon, breast, and lung cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the most bioactive extract of P. hadiensis leaves and the known abietane diterpene, 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone isolated from this plant, were tested against the aggressive type triple negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231S). P. hadiensis extract reduced the viability of MDA-MB-231S cancer cell line cells, showing an IC50 value of 25.6 µg/mL. The IC50 value of 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone was 5.5 µM (2.15 µg/mL), suggesting that this lead molecule is a potential starting tool for the development of anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Epole Ntungwe
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (E.N.); (E.M.D.-M.); (C.T.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá de Henares, Ctra. A2, Km 33.100—Campus Universitario, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
| | - Eva María Domínguez-Martín
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (E.N.); (E.M.D.-M.); (C.T.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá de Henares, Ctra. A2, Km 33.100—Campus Universitario, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
| | - Catarina Teodósio
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (E.N.); (E.M.D.-M.); (C.T.)
| | - Silvia Teixidó-Trujillo
- Centro Atlántico del Medicamento S.A., Avenida Trinidad 61, 7ª Planta, Torre Agustín Arévalo, 38204 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (S.T.-T.); (N.A.C.)
| | - Natalia Armas Capote
- Centro Atlántico del Medicamento S.A., Avenida Trinidad 61, 7ª Planta, Torre Agustín Arévalo, 38204 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (S.T.-T.); (N.A.C.)
| | - Lucilia Saraiva
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n.º 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Ana María Díaz-Lanza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá de Henares, Ctra. A2, Km 33.100—Campus Universitario, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
| | - Noélia Duarte
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Patrícia Rijo
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (E.N.); (E.M.D.-M.); (C.T.)
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Correspondence:
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Ballodiolic Acid A and B: Two New ROS, ( •OH), (ONOO -) Scavenging and Potent Antimicrobial Constituents Isolated from Ballota pseudodictamnus (L.) Benth. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030402. [PMID: 34156396 PMCID: PMC8002906 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioassays guided phytochemical investigations on the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of the root material of Ballota pseudodictamnus (L.) Benth. led to the isolation of two new compounds, ballodiolic acid A (1) and ballodiolic acid B (2), along with three known compounds ballodiolic acid (3), ballotenic acid (4), and β-amyrin (5), which were also isolated for the first time from this species by using multiple chromatographic techniques. The structures of the compounds (1–5) were determined by modern spectroscopic analysis including 1D and 2D NMR techniques and chemical studies. In three separate experiments, the isolated compounds (1–5) demonstrated potent antioxidant scavenging activity, with IC50 values ranging from 07.22–34.10 μM in the hydroxyl radical (•OH) inhibitory activity test, 58.10–148.55 μM in the total ROS (reactive oxygen species) inhibitory activity test, and 6.23–69.01 μM in the peroxynitrite (ONOO−) scavenging activity test. With IC50 values of (07.22 ± 0.03, 58.10 ± 0.07, 6.23 ± 0.04 μM) for •OH, total ROS, and scavenge ONOO−, respectively, ballodiolic acid B (2) showed the highest scavenging ability. Antibacterial and antifungal behaviors were also exposed to the pure compounds 1–5. In contrast to compounds 4 and 5, compounds 1–3 were active against all bacterial strains studied, with a good zone of inhibition proving these as a potent antibacterial agent. Similarly, compared to compounds 3–5, compounds 1 and 2 with a 47 percent and 45 percent respective inhibition zone were found to be more active against tested fungal strains.
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Antimycobacterial, Cytotoxic, and Antioxidant Activities of Abietane Diterpenoids Isolated from Plectranthus madagascariensis. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10010175. [PMID: 33477744 PMCID: PMC7832401 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants of the Plectranthus genus (Lamiaceae) are well known for their ethnomedicinal applications. Plectranthus madagascariensis, which is native to South Africa, is traditionally used in the treatment of respiratory conditions, scabies, and cutaneous wounds. The phytochemical studies of P. madagascariensis led to the isolation of five known royleanone abietanes, namely, 6β,7α-dihydroxyroyleanone (1), 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone (2), horminone (3), coleon U quinone (4), and carnosolon (5). The relative configuration of compound 2 was established by X-ray analysis. Compounds 1-4 showed antimycobacterial activity (Minimum inhibitory concentration for 90% inhibition, MIC90 = 5.61-179.60 μM) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Compound 4 and 5 showed comparable toxicity (Concentration for 50% inhibition, IC50 98.49 μM and 79.77 μM) to tamoxifen (IC50 22.00 μg/mL) against HaCaT cells. Compounds 1-5 showed antioxidant activity through single-electron transfer (SET) and/or hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) with compound 5 being the most active antioxidant agent. Compounds 3 and 5 were isolated for the first time from P. madagascariensis. The observed results suggest P. madagascariensis as an important ethnomedicinal plant and as a promising source of diterpenoids with potential use in the treatment of tuberculosis and psoriasis.
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Garcia C, Isca VMS, Pereira F, Monteiro CM, Ntungwe E, Sousa F, Dinic J, Holmstedt S, Roberto A, Díaz-Lanza A, Reis CP, Pesic M, Candeias NR, Ferreira RJ, Duarte N, Afonso CAM, Rijo P. Royleanone Derivatives From Plectranthus spp. as a Novel Class of P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:557789. [PMID: 33364937 PMCID: PMC7751738 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.557789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is among the leading causes of death worldwide. One of the most challenging obstacles in cancer treatment is multidrug resistance (MDR). Overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is associated with MDR. The growing incidence of cancer and the development of MDR drive the search for novel and more effective anticancer drugs to overcome the MDR problem. Royleanones are natural bioactive compounds frequently found in Plectranthus spp. The cytotoxic diterpene 6,7-dehydroroyleanone (1) is the main component of the P. madagascariensis (Pers.) Benth. essential oil, while 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone (2) can be isolated from acetonic extracts of P. grandidentatus Gürke. The reactivity of the natural royleanones 1 and 2 was explored to obtain a small library of new P-gp inhibitors. Four new derivatives (6,7-dehydro-12-O-tert-butyl-carbonate-royleanone (20), 6,7-dehydro-12-O-methylroyleanone (21), 6,7-dehydro-12-O-benzoylroyleanone (22), and 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxy-12-O-benzoylroyleanone (23) were obtained as pure with overall modest to excellent yields (21–97%). P-gp inhibition potential of the derivatives 20–23 was evaluated in human non-small cell lung carcinoma NCI-H460 and its MDR counterpart NCI-H460/R with the P-gp overexpression, through MTT assay. Previously prepared diterpene 7α-acetoxy-6β-benzoyloxy-12-O-(4-chloro)benzoylroyleanone (4), has also been tested. The P-gp inhibiting effects of compounds 1–4 were also assessed through a Rhodamine 123 accumulation assay. Derivatives 4 and 23 have significant P-gp inhibitory potential. Regarding stability and P-gp inhibition potential, results suggest that the formation of benzoyl esters is a more convenient approach for future derivatives with enhanced effect on the cell viability decrease. Compound 4 presented higher anti-P-gp potential than the natural diterpenes 1, 2, and 3, with comparable inhibitory potential to Dexverapamil. Moreover, derivative 4 showed the ability to sensitize the resistant NCI-H460/R cells to doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Garcia
- Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Portugal.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Vera M S Isca
- Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipe Pereira
- Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos M Monteiro
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Epole Ntungwe
- Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Portugal.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Francisco Sousa
- Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jelena Dinic
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Suvi Holmstedt
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Amílcar Roberto
- Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Díaz-Lanza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Catarina P Reis
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Milica Pesic
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nuno R Candeias
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ricardo J Ferreira
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Noélia Duarte
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos A M Afonso
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Rijo
- Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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11
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Activity to Breast Cancer Cell Lines of Different Malignancy and Predicted Interaction with Protein Kinase C Isoforms of Royleanones. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103671. [PMID: 32456148 PMCID: PMC7279380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants have been used for centuries to treat several illnesses. The Plectranthus genus has a vast variety of species that has allowed the isolation of cytotoxic compounds with notable activities. The abietane diterpenes 6,7-dehydroroyleanone (DeRoy, 1), 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone (Roy, 2), and Parvifloron D (ParvD, 3) were obtained from Plectranthus spp. and showed promising biological activities, such as cytotoxicity. The inhibitory effects of the different natural abietanes (1-3) were compared in MFC7, SkBr3, and SUM159 cell lines, as well as SUM159 grown in cancer stem cell-inducing conditions. Based on the royleanones’ bioactivity, the derivatives RoyBz (4), RoyBzCl (5), RoyPr2 (6), and DihydroxyRoy (7), previously obtained from 2, were selected for further studies. Protein kinases C (PKCs) are involved in several carcinogenic processes. Thus, PKCs are potential targets for cancer therapy. To date, the portfolio of available PKC modulators remains very limited due to the difficulty of designing isozyme-selective PKC modulators. As such, molecular docking was used to evaluate royleanones 1-6 as predicted isozyme-selective PKC binders. Subtle changes in the binding site of each PKC isoform change the predicted interaction profiles of the ligands. Subtle changes in royleanone substitution patterns, such as a double substitution only with non-substituted phenyls, or hydroxybenzoate at position four that flips the binding mode of ParvD (3), can increase the predicted interactions in certain PKC subtypes.
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12
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Isca VMS, Ferreira RJ, Garcia C, Monteiro CM, Dinic J, Holmstedt S, André V, Pesic M, dos Santos DJVA, Candeias NR, Afonso CAM, Rijo P. Molecular Docking Studies of Royleanone Diterpenoids from Plectranthus spp. as P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:839-845. [PMID: 32435393 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major cause of failure in cancer chemotherapy. Several abietane diterpenes with antitumoral activities have been isolated from Plectranthus spp. such as 6,7-dehydroroyleanone (DHR, 1) and 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone (AHR, 2). Several royleanone derivatives were prepared through hemisynthesis from natural compounds 1 and 2 to achieve a small library of products with enhanced anti-P-glycoprotein activity. Nonetheless, some derivatives tend to be unstable. Therefore, to reason such lack of stability, the electron density based local reactivity descriptors condensed Fukui functions and dual descriptor were calculated for several derivatives of DHR. Additionally, molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies were performed on several other derivatives to clarify the molecular mechanisms by which they may exert their inhibitory effect in P-gp activity. The analysis on local reactivity descriptors was important to understand possible degradation pathways and to guide further synthetic approaches toward new royleanone derivatives. A molecular docking study suggested that the presence of aromatic moieties increases the binding affinity of royleanone derivatives toward P-gp. It further suggests that one royleanone benzoylated derivative may act as a noncompetitive efflux modulator when bound to the M-site. The future generation of novel royleanone derivatives will involve (i) a selective modification of position C-12 with chemical moieties smaller than unsubstituted benzoyl rings and (ii) the modification of the substitution pattern of the benzoyloxy moiety at position C-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera M. S. Isca
- Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo J. Ferreira
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Catarina Garcia
- Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá, Campus
Universitario, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Carlos M. Monteiro
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jelena Dinic
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković“, National Institute of Republic of Serbia University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Suvi Holmstedt
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Vânia André
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Milica Pesic
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković“, National Institute of Republic of Serbia University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Daniel J. V. A. dos Santos
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- LAQV@REQUIMTE/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno R. Candeias
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33101 Tampere, Finland
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlos A. M. Afonso
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Rijo
- Center for Research in Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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13
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Insight the Biological Activities of Selected Abietane Diterpenes Isolated from Plectranthus spp. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020194. [PMID: 32012853 PMCID: PMC7072155 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds isolated from plants are excellent starting points in drug design and have been widely studied as anticancer agents; they hence find use in a considerable proportion of anticancer drugs. The genus Plectranthus (Lamiaceae) comprises a large and widespread group of species with various applications in traditional medicine. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of treatment with four abietane diterpenoids isolated from P. madagascariensis and P. ecklonii, 6,7-dehydroroyleanone, 7β,6β-dihydroxyroyleanone, 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone and parvifloron D, in initiating apoptosis in a glioma cell line. The pure compounds were found to exhibit anticancer effects in primary H7PX glioma cells line by inducing apoptosis G2/M cell cycle arrest and double-strand breaks, indicated by increased levels of phosphorylated H2A.X and decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential; they also influenced the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes (Bax, Bcl-2, TP53, or Cas-3). Our findings indicate that these compounds may offer potential as beneficial antitumor drugs but further in vivo studies are needed.
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14
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Saraiva N, Costa JG, Reis C, Almeida N, Rijo P, Fernandes AS. Anti-Migratory and Pro-Apoptotic Properties of Parvifloron D on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010158. [PMID: 31963771 PMCID: PMC7023143 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are important sources of new bioactive compounds with potential anticancer activity. Parvifloron D (ParvD) is an abietane diterpenoid, isolated in high amounts from Plectranthus ecklonii Benth. Previous reports have suggested potential therapeutic properties for ParvD. ParvD has shown pro-apoptotic and cytotoxic effects in leukemia and melanoma cell lines. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) models. TNBC is a breast cancer subtype characterized by an aggressive behavior with poor clinical outcomes and weak overall therapeutic responses to the current treatment options. This work aimed at evaluating the anticancer effect of ParvD in MDA-MB-231 cells, a model of human TNBC. To obtain sufficient amounts of purified ParvD the efficiency of several extraction methods was compared. ParvD (0.1–10 µM) decreased cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment with ParvD (5 µM) significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic nuclei and exposure to 3 µM ParvD increased the sub-G1 population. Since altered cell adherence, migration, and invasion are determinant processes for the formation of metastases, the effect of ParvD on these cellular processes was tested. Although treatment with ParvD (1 µM) had no effect on cell-substrate attachment, ParvD (1 µM) significantly reduced cell chemotaxis and invasion. This is the first report describing the proapoptotic effect of ParvD in TNBC cells. Moreover, for the first time we have shown that ParvD reduces cell motility, unraveling potential anti-metastatic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Saraiva
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.S.); (J.G.C.); (C.R.); (N.A.); (P.R.)
| | - João G. Costa
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.S.); (J.G.C.); (C.R.); (N.A.); (P.R.)
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Reis
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.S.); (J.G.C.); (C.R.); (N.A.); (P.R.)
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno Almeida
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.S.); (J.G.C.); (C.R.); (N.A.); (P.R.)
| | - Patrícia Rijo
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.S.); (J.G.C.); (C.R.); (N.A.); (P.R.)
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Fernandes
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.S.); (J.G.C.); (C.R.); (N.A.); (P.R.)
- Correspondence:
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Phytosomes with Persimmon ( Diospyros kaki L.) Extract: Preparation and Preliminary Demonstration of In Vivo Tolerability. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11060296. [PMID: 31234548 PMCID: PMC6630258 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11060296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.), a fruit rich in phenolic compounds (PCs), has been considered effective in mitigating oxidative damage induced by an excess of reactive oxygen species. Due to large molecular weight and intrinsic instability in some physiological fluids, PCs’ passage through biological membranes is very limited. Carriers like phytosomes are promising systems to optimize oral absorption of encapsulated extracts. This work prepared and fully characterized phytosomes containing bioactive phenolic extracts from persimmon in terms of size, surface charge, encapsulation efficiency and stability over six months. These phytosomes were orally dosed to Wistar rats during a 15-day period. Afterwards, haematological and biochemical analyses were performed. Monodisperse phytosomes were successfully prepared, with size less than 300nm (PI < 0.3) and high encapsulation efficiency (97.4%) of PCs. In contrast to free extract, extract-loaded phytosomes had higher antioxidant activity after 6 months storage. Oral administration of extract-loaded phytosomes and free extract did not lead to lipidic profile changes and were within referenced normal ranges, as well as glycaemia levels and urine parameters. The results highlighted the potential of persimmon PCs as food supplements or pharmacological tools, suggesting a promising and safe phytosomal formulation containing bioactive agents of persimmon that could lead to health benefits.
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