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Qi G, Tang Y, Shi L, Zhuang J, Liu X, Liu B. Capsule Shedding and Membrane Binding Enhanced Photodynamic Killing of Gram-Negative Bacteria by a Unimolecular Conjugated Polyelectrolyte. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:10374-10382. [PMID: 37921703 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The development of new antimicrobial agents to treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria is of paramount importance due to increased antibiotic resistance worldwide. Herein, we show that a water-soluble porphyrin-cored hyperbranched conjugated polyelectrolyte (PorHP) exhibits high photodynamic bactericidal activity against the Gram-negative bacteria tested, including a multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen, while demonstrating low cytotoxicity toward mammalian cells. Comprehensive analyses reveal that the antimicrobial activity of PorHP proceeds via a multimodal mechanism by effective bacterial capsule shedding, strong bacterial outer membrane binding, and singlet oxygen generation. Through this multimodal antimicrobial mechanism, PorHP displays significant performance for Gram-negative bacteria with >99.9% photodynamic killing efficacy. Overall, PorHP shows great potential as an antimicrobial agent in fighting the growing threat of Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobin Qi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore (Singapore), 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585
| | - Yufu Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore (Singapore), 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585
| | - Leilei Shi
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - Jiahao Zhuang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore (Singapore), 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University (Fuzhou, China), Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Xianglong Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore (Singapore), 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University (Fuzhou, China), Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore (Singapore), 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University (Fuzhou, China), Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore (Singapore), Blk S9, Level 9, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117544
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Selvaraj SP, Chen JY. Conjugation of antimicrobial peptides to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115680. [PMID: 37515922 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
The growing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has brought with it a continual increase in the numbers of deaths from multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections. Since the current arsenal of antibiotics has become increasingly ineffective, there exists an urgent need for discovery and development of novel antimicrobials. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered to be a promising class of molecules due to their broad-spectrum activities and low resistance rates compared with other types of antibiotics. Since AMPs also often play major roles in elevating the host immune response, the molecules may also be called "host defense peptides." Despite the great promise of AMPs, the majority remain unsuitable for clinical use due to issues of structural instability, degradation by proteases, and/or toxicity to host cells. Moreover, AMP activities in vivo can be influenced by many factors, such as interaction with blood and serum biomolecules, physiological salt concentrations or different pH values. To overcome these limitations, structural modifications can be made to the AMP. Among several modifications, physical and chemical conjugation of AMP to other biomolecules is widely considered an effective strategy. In this review, we discuss structural modification strategies related to conjugation of AMPs and their possible effects on mode of action. The conjugation of fatty acids, glycans, antibiotics, photosensitizers, polymers, nucleic acids, nanoparticles, and immobilization to biomaterials are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Prasad Selvaraj
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Science Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Yih Chen
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10 Dahuen Rd, Jiaushi, Ilan, 262, Taiwan; The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center and the Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
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Li T, Sun Y, Wang J, Zhang C, Sun Y. Promoted Skin Wound Healing by Tail-Amputated Eisenia foetida Proteins via the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK Signaling Pathway. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:13935-13943. [PMID: 37091432 PMCID: PMC10116500 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Skin wound healing is an important fundamental problem in biological and medical fields. This study aimed to investigate wound healing promotion of protein extract from tail-amputated Eisenia foetida (E. foetida) and reveal the mechanism correlated with the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Proteins extracted from tail-amputated E. foetida were applied on rats' full-thickness excisional wounds to evaluate their regenerative efficacy. Rat skin tissues around surgical defects were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot methods. The Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway was further investigated in vitro using the NIH3T3 cell line. A tail-amputated protein extract (ES2) from E. foetida significantly accelerated rat wound healing ability via higher re-epithelialization and ECM deposition in the tissue section compared to the blank control and un-amputated earthworm extract groups. Furthermore, ES2 treatment dramatically accumulated the expressions of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and hydroxyproline (HYP) in wound areas on day 7 without their accumulation on day 21 post-wounding, diminishing excessive scar formation. Accelerated wound healing ability with the ES2 was proved to correlate with the up-regulation of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. The mRNA expression of this pathway increased significantly in NIH3T3 cells after being treated with the ES2 at an appropriate concentration. The tail-amputated E. foetida proteins (ES2) can significantly promote skin wound healing better than the un-amputated earthworm tissue extract without excessive scar tissue formation. This effect was related to the up-regulation of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Li
- School
of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University
of Chinese Medicine, Yangguang South Road, Fangshan District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- School
of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University
of Chinese Medicine, Yangguang South Road, Fangshan District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- School
of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University
of Chinese Medicine, Yangguang South Road, Fangshan District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chenning Zhang
- School
of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University
of Chinese Medicine, Yangguang South Road, Fangshan District, Beijing 100029, China
- Department
of Pharmacy, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang 441000, China
- . Phone: +07103420011
| | - Yikun Sun
- School
of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University
of Chinese Medicine, Yangguang South Road, Fangshan District, Beijing 100029, China
- . Phone: +01084738619
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Gao W, Han X, Sun D, Li Y, Liu X, Yang S, Zhou Z, Qi Y, Jiao J, Zhao J. Antibacterial properties of antimicrobial peptide HHC36 modified polyetheretherketone. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1103956. [PMID: 36998411 PMCID: PMC10043374 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1103956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionPolyetheretherketone (PEEK) is considered to be a new type of orthopedic implant material due to its mechanical properties and biocompatibility. It is becoming a replacement for titanium (Ti) due to its near-human-cortical transmission and modulus of elasticity. However, its clinical application is limited because of its biological inertia and susceptibility to bacterial infection during implantation. To solve this problem, there is an urgent need to improve the antibacterial properties of PEEK implants.MethodsIn this work, we fixed antimicrobial peptide HHC36 on the 3D porous structure of sulfonated PEEK (SPEEK) by a simple solvent evaporation method (HSPEEK), and carried out characterization tests. We evaluated the antibacterial properties and cytocompatibility of the samples in vitro. In addition, we evaluated the anti-infection property and biocompatibility of the samples in vivo by establishing a rat subcutaneous infection model.ResultsThe characterization test results showed that HHC36 was successfully fixed on the surface of SPEEK and released slowly for 10 days. The results of antibacterial experiments in vitro showed that HSPEEK could reduce the survival rate of free bacteria, inhibit the growth of bacteria around the sample, and inhibit the formation of biofilm on the sample surface. The cytocompatibility test in vitro showed that the sample had no significant effect on the proliferation and viability of L929 cells and had no hemolytic activity on rabbit erythrocytes. In vivo experiments, HSPEEK can significantly reduce the bacterial survival rate on the sample surface and the inflammatory reaction in the soft tissue around the sample.DiscussionWe successfully loaded HHC36 onto the surface of SPEEK through a simple solvent evaporation method. The sample has excellent antibacterial properties and good cell compatibility, which can significantly reduce the bacterial survival rate and inflammatory reaction in vivo. The above results indicated that we successfully improved the antibacterial property of PEEK by a simple modification strategy, making it a promising material for anti-infection orthopedic implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Gao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Duo Sun
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yongli Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shihui Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Department of Prostheses, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhe Zhou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuanzheng Qi
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Junjie Jiao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jinghui Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Jinghui Zhao,
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Fan D, Liu X, Ren Y, Bai S, Li Y, Luo Z, Dong J, Chen F, Zeng W. Functional insights to the development of bioactive material for combating bacterial infections. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1186637. [PMID: 37152653 PMCID: PMC10160456 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1186637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant "superbugs" poses a serious threat to human health. Nanomaterials and cationic polymers have shown unprecedented advantages as effective antimicrobial therapies due to their flexibility and ability to interact with biological macromolecules. They can incorporate a variety of antimicrobial substances, achieving multifunctional effects without easily developing drug resistance. Herein, this article discusses recent advances in cationic polymers and nano-antibacterial materials, including material options, fabrication techniques, structural characteristics, and activity performance, with a focus on their fundamental active elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoyang Fan
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Yueming Ren
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Shuaige Bai
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Yanbing Li
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziheng Luo
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Fei Chen, ; Wenbin Zeng,
| | - Wenbin Zeng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Fei Chen, ; Wenbin Zeng,
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Synergistic Membrane Disturbance Improves the Antibacterial Performance of Polymyxin B. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204316. [PMID: 36297894 PMCID: PMC9611124 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria pose a serious threat to public health, and polymyxin B (PMB) is clinically used as a last-line therapy for the treatment of infections caused by these pathogens. However, the appearance of PMB resistance calls for an effort to develop new approaches to improve its antibacterial performance. In this work, a new type of nanocomposite, composed of PMB molecules being chemically decorated on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, was designed, which showed potent antibacterial ability through synergistically and physically disturbing the bacterial membrane. The as-fabricated PMB@GO nanocomposites demonstrated an enhanced bacterial-killing efficiency, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value half of that of free PMB (with an MIC value as low as 0.5 μg mL-1 over Escherichia coli), and a bacterial viability less than one fourth of that of PMB (with a bacterial reduction of 60% after 3 h treatment, and 90% after 6 h incubation). Furthermore, the nanocomposite displayed moderate cytotoxicity or hemolysis effect, with cellular viabilities over 85% at concentrations up to 16 times the MIC value. Studies on antibacterial mechanism revealed that the synergy between PMB molecules and GO nanosheets greatly facilitated the vertical insertion of the nanocomposite into the lipid membrane, leading to membrane disturbance and permeabilization. Our results demonstrate a physical mechanism for improving the antibacterial performance of PMB and developing advanced antibacterial agents for better clinic uses.
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Shen Y, Zheng C, Wu Q, Wu Q, Jin M, Jiang Y, Huang F, Lou Y, Zheng L. One-step synthesized antimicrobial peptide-functionalized gold nanoclusters for selective imaging and killing of pathogenic bacteria. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1003359. [PMID: 36299723 PMCID: PMC9589054 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1003359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of multifunctional nanomaterials with bacterial imaging and killing activities is of great importance for the rapid diagnosis and timely treatment of bacterial infections. Herein, peptide-functionalized gold nanoclusters (CWR11-AuNCs) with high-intensity red fluorescence were successfully synthesized via a one-step method using CWR11 as a template and by optimizing the ratio of CWR11 to HAuCl4, reaction time, pH, and temperature. The CWR11-AuNCs bound to bacteria and exhibited selective fluorescence microscopy imaging properties, which is expected to provide a feasible method for locating and imaging bacteria in complex in vivo environments. In addition, CWR11-AuNCs not only retained the antibacterial and bactericidal activities of CWR11 but also exhibited certain inhibitory or killing effects on gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and biofilms. The MICs of CWR11-AuNCs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 178 and 89 μg/ml, respectively. Surprisingly, cell viability in the CWR11-AuNC-treated group was greater than that in the CWR11-treated group, and the low cytotoxicity exhibited by the CWR11-AuNCs make them more promising for clinical applications.
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Liu S, Cao Y, Ma L, Sun J, Ramos-Mucci L, Ma Y, Yang X, Zhu Z, Zhang J, Xiao B. Oral antimicrobial peptide-EGCG nanomedicines for synergistic treatment of ulcerative colitis. J Control Release 2022; 347:544-560. [PMID: 35580812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with severe inflammation, damaged colonic barriers, increased oxidative stress, and intestinal dysbiosis. The majority of current medications strive to alleviate inflammation but fail to target additional disease pathologies. Addressing multiple symptoms using a single 'magic bullet' remains a challenge. To overcome this, a smart epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)-loaded silk fibroin-based nanoparticle (NP) with the surface functionalization of antimicrobial peptides (Cathelicidin-BF, CBF) was constructed, which were internalized by Colon-26 cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages with high efficiencies. These CBF-EGCG-NPs efficiently restored colonic epithelial barriers by relieving oxidative stress and promoting epithelium migration. They also alleviated immune responses through the downregulation of pro-inflammatory factors, upregulation of anti-inflammatory factors, M2 macrophage polarization, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) elimination. Interestingly, oral administration of hydrogel (chitosan/alginate)-embedding CBF-EGCG-NPs could not only retard progression and treat UC, but also modulate intestinal microbiota by increasing their overall diversity and richness and augmenting the abundance of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Firmicutes and Lactobacillaceae). Our work provides a "many birds with one stone" strategy for addressing UC symptoms using a single NP-based oral platform that targets immune microenvironment modulation, LPS clearance, and microbial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengsheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yingui Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lingli Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jianfeng Sun
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Lorenzo Ramos-Mucci
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Ya Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Jianxiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Zhang C, Yang M. Antimicrobial Peptides: From Design to Clinical Application. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11030349. [PMID: 35326812 PMCID: PMC8944448 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli, brings public health issues and causes economic burden. Pathogenic bacteria develop several methods to resist antibiotic killing or inhibition, such as mutation of antibiotic function sites, activation of drug efflux pumps, and enzyme-mediated drug degradation. Antibiotic resistance components can be transferred between bacteria by mobile genetic elements including plasmids, transposons, and integrons, as well as bacteriophages. The development of antibiotic resistance limits the treatment options for bacterial infection, especially for MDR bacteria. Therefore, novel or alternative antibacterial agents are urgently needed. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) display multiple killing mechanisms against bacterial infections, including directly bactericidal activity and immunomodulatory function, as potential alternatives to antibiotics. In this review, the development of antibiotic resistance, the killing mechanisms of AMPs, and especially, the design, optimization, and delivery of AMPs are reviewed. Strategies such as structural change, amino acid substitution, conjugation with cell-penetration peptide, terminal acetylation and amidation, and encapsulation with nanoparticles will improve the antimicrobial efficacy, reduce toxicity, and accomplish local delivery of AMPs. In addition, clinical trials in AMP studies or applications of AMPs within the last five years were summarized. Overall, AMPs display diverse mechanisms of action against infection of pathogenic bacteria, and future research studies and clinical investigations will accelerate AMP application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunye Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA;
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Correspondence:
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Dai X, Xu Q, Yang L, Ma J, Gao F. pH-Responsive Fluorescent Polymer-Drug System for Real-Time Detection and In Situ Eradication of Bacterial Biofilms. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:893-902. [PMID: 35012306 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms encased in extracellular polymeric substances to create protected microenvironments are typically challenging to disperse by common antibiotics and cannot be in situ visualized under current modalities. Herein, a pH-responsive branched polymer [poly(MBA-AEPZ)-AEPZ-NA] capable of overcoming antibiotic resistance and real-time visualizing biofilms for fluorescence imaging-guided infection control is reported. The positively charged polymer can effectively penetrate bacterial biofilms, neutralize the anionic character, and then disrupt the structural integrity, thus significantly promoting the transport of antibiotics into biofilms. The polymer shows a weak fluorescence emission intensity under physiological conditions (pH 7.4) but emits intense green-light emission within the localized biofilm microenvironment (pH 5.5) to real-time visualize bacterial biofilms. A therapeutic system made of the polymer and a model antibiotic can significantly reduce the dosages of the drug, thereby minimizing biofilm-induced drug resistance. Notably, a green fluorescent polymer responding to localized pH conditions is demonstrated in living zebrafish. This work confirmed that combinations of the pH-responsive branched polymer and antibiotics could be administered to overcome drug resistance and realize fluorescence imaging-guided treatment of bacterial biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Dai
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging (LOBAB), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging (LOBAB), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Lele Yang
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging (LOBAB), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Jifang Ma
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging (LOBAB), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging (LOBAB), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
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11
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Si Z, Zheng W, Prananty D, Li J, Koh CH, Kang ET, Pethe K, Chan-Park MB. Polymers as advanced antibacterial and antibiofilm agents for direct and combination therapies. Chem Sci 2022; 13:345-364. [PMID: 35126968 PMCID: PMC8729810 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05835e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing prevalence of antimicrobial drug resistance in pathogenic bacteria is a critical threat to global health. Conventional antibiotics still play a crucial role in treating bacterial infections, but the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant micro-organisms are rapidly eroding their usefulness. Cationic polymers, which target bacterial membranes, are thought to be the last frontier in antibacterial development. This class of molecules possesses several advantages including a low propensity for emergence of resistance and rapid bactericidal effect. This review surveys the structure-activity of advanced antimicrobial cationic polymers, including poly(α-amino acids), β-peptides, polycarbonates, star polymers and main-chain cationic polymers, with low toxicity and high selectivity to potentially become useful for real applications. Their uses as potentiating adjuvants to overcome bacterial membrane-related resistance mechanisms and as antibiofilm agents are also covered. The review is intended to provide valuable information for design and development of cationic polymers as antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents for translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyong Si
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Wenbin Zheng
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Dicky Prananty
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Jianghua Li
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Chong Hui Koh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - En-Tang Kang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4, Kent Ridge Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Kevin Pethe
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 636921 Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637551 Singapore
| | - Mary B Chan-Park
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637459 Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 636921 Singapore
- School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
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12
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Gu M, Huang L, Wang Z, Guo W, Cheng L, Yuan Y, Zhou Z, Hu L, Chen S, Shen C, Tang BZ, Ye R. Molecular Engineering of Laser-Induced Graphene for Potential-Driven Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial and Antiviral Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2102841. [PMID: 34672086 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202102841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, countless deaths have been caused by the coronavirus disease 2019. In addition to the virus variants, an increasing number of fatal fungal infections have been reported, which further exacerbates the scenario. Therefore, the development of porous surfaces with both antiviral and antimicrobial capacities is of urgent need. Here, a cost-effective, nontoxic, and metal-free strategy is reported for the surface engineering of laser-induced graphene (LIG). The authors covalently engineer the surface potential of the LIG from -14 to ≈+35 mV (LIG+ ), enabling both high-efficiency antimicrobial and antiviral performance under mild conditions. Specifically, several candidate microorganisms of different types, including Escherichia coli, Streptomyces tenebrarius, and Candida albicans, are almost completely inactivated after 10-min solar irradiation. LIG+ also exhibits a strong antiviral effect against human coronaviruses: 99% HCoV-OC43 and 100% HCoV-229E inactivation are achieved after 20-min treatment. Such enhancement may also be observed against other types of pathogens that are heat-sensitive and oppositely charged. Besides, the covalent modification strategy alleviates the leaching problem, and the low cytotoxicity of LIG+ makes it advantageous. This study highlights the synergy of surface potential and photothermal effect in the inactivation of pathogens and it provides a direction for designing porous materials for airborne disease removal and water disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijia Gu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Libei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zhaoyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Weihua Guo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Le Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yuncong Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Liu Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Sijie Chen
- Ming Wai Lau Center for Reparative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Chao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
- China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Aggregate Science and Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, South China University of Technology, Tianhe Qu, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Ruquan Ye
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
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13
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Liu H, Yang J, Yan X, Li C, Elsabahy M, Chen L, Yang YW, Gao H. A dendritic polyamidoamine supramolecular system composed of pillar[5]arene and azobenzene for targeting drug-resistant colon cancer. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:9594-9605. [PMID: 34783814 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02134f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum caused drug-resistant around tumor sites often leads to the failure of chemotherapy during colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. Multifunctional cationic quaternary ammonium materials have been widely used as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents in antibacterial and anticancer fields. Herein, we design a smart supramolecular quaternary ammonium nanoparticle, namely quaternary ammonium PAMAM-AZO@CP[5]A (Q-P-A@CP[5]A), consisting of azobenzene (AZO)-conjugated dendritic cationic quaternary ammonium polyamidoamine (PAMAM) as the core and carboxylatopillar[5]arene (CP[5]A)-based switch, for antibacterial and anti-CRC therapies. The quaternary ammonium-PAMAM-AZO (Q-P-A) core endows the supramolecular system with enhanced antibacterial and anticancer properties. -N+CH3 groups on the surface of Q-P-A are accommodated in the CP[5]A cavity under normal conditions, which significantly improves the biocompatibility of Q-P-A@CP[5]A. Meanwhile, the CP[5]A host can be detached from -N+CH3 groups under pathological conditions, achieving efficient antibacterial and antitumor therapies. Furthermore, azoreductase in the tumor site can break the -NN- bonds of AZO in Q-P-A@CP[5]A, leading to the morphology recovery of supramolecular nanoparticles and CRC therapy through inducing cell membrane rupture. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that Q-P-A@CP[5]A possesses good biocompatibility, excellent antibacterial effect, and CRC treatment capability with negligible side effects. This supramolecular quaternary ammonium system provides an effective treatment method to overcome chemotherapy-resistant cancer caused by bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin Enterprise Key Laboratory for Application Research of Hyaluronic Acid, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Xiangjie Yan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin Enterprise Key Laboratory for Application Research of Hyaluronic Acid, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Chaoqi Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin Enterprise Key Laboratory for Application Research of Hyaluronic Acid, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Mahmoud Elsabahy
- Science Academy, School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Ying-Wei Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin Enterprise Key Laboratory for Application Research of Hyaluronic Acid, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
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