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Zhang Z, Wang H, Nie Y, Zhang X, Ji X. Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents Enhanced Electro-Enzymatic Conversion of CO2 to Methanol. Front Chem 2022; 10:894106. [PMID: 35692689 PMCID: PMC9184674 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.894106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Electro-enzymatic conversion of CO2 offers a promising solution for CO2 utilization, while the conversion rate and efficiency were disappointing. To address the challenge, four kinds of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) with desirable biocompatibility were developed for the first time and used as the co-electrolyte in the electro-enzymatic conversion of CO2. As a result, the SerGly-based solution presents high CO2 solubility and high electrocatalytic activity, compared to the conventional buffer. By applying SerGly in the electro-enzymatic conversion of CO2, the yield of the product (methanol) is two times higher than that in the Tris-HCl buffer (0.22 mM) and 16 times higher than the control reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Zhang
- Energy Engineering, Division of Energy Science, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Zhibo Zhang, ; Xiaoyan Ji,
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Nie
- Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangping Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ji
- Energy Engineering, Division of Energy Science, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Zhibo Zhang, ; Xiaoyan Ji,
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2
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Yuan YF, Zhang JM, Zhang BQ, Liu JJ, Zhou Y, Du MX, Han LX, Xu KJ, Qiao X, Liu CY. Polymer solubility in ionic liquids: dominated by hydrogen bonding. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:21893-21900. [PMID: 34558588 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03193g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polymer solubility in ionic liquids (ILs) cannot be predicted by the solubility parameter approach based on the "like dissolves like" principle. According to the Kamlet-Abraham-Taft (KAT) multi-parameter polarity scale, ILs can be categorized on the basis of hydrogen-bond acidity or basicity ones. The experimental observations, that acidic ILs easily dissolve basic polymers and basic ILs dissolve acidic polymers, reflect the complementary nature of hydrogen-bonding interactions. A quantitative hydrogen-bonding analysis is proposed for predicting the solubility by taking the product of ΔαΔβ as an indicator of the competition between cross-association and self-association hydrogen bonding (H-bonding), where Δα is the difference of acidity parameters between the polymer and IL, and Δβ is the difference of basicity. This solubility criterion has been validated by the solubility data of 19 polymers (11 acidic and 8 basic) in 11 ILs (7 acidic and 4 basic). These principles based on KAT parameters can be applied to other systems dominated by hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fei Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jin-Ming Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Bao-Qing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jia-Jian Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Yan Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ming-Xuan Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lin-Xue Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kuang-Jie Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Chen-Yang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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3
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Improving laccase thermostability with aqueous natural deep eutectic solvents. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:919-926. [PMID: 32650014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
The wide-spread use of laccases in industry is often limited due to the enzyme inactivation over time at conditions which exceeds the operating conditions of the enzymes, which are neutral pH and ambient temperatures (30-40 °C). Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADESs) have attracted considerable attention as reaction media in biocatalysis due to their promising compatibility with enzymes and sustainable derivation. In this contribution we demonstrate the possibility of applying aqueous NADESs as incubation media to alter the activity and inhibit thermal inactivation of laccase T. versicolor. For example we show that by incubating 0.25 g L-1 laccase in an aqueous 25 wt% betaine-xylitol based NADES at 70 °C for 15 min, the measured residual activity of laccase is a near 10 fold greater than the measured residual activity of laccase when incubated without the NADES. Moreover, the comparison of the residual activities of the enzyme in presence betaine, xylitol or NADES is clearly showing the advantage of using a NADES over its individual components. The drastic enhancement of the enzyme thermostability by pre-incubation of laccase in NADES media showcases a facile, cheap and green method of boosting the stability laccase.
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4
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Weinbender T, Knierbein M, Bittorf L, Held C, Siewert R, Verevkin SP, Sadowski G, Reiser O. High-Pressure-Mediated Thiourea-Organocatalyzed Asymmetric Michael Addition to (Hetero)aromatic Nitroolefins: Prediction of Reaction Parameters by PCP-SAFT Modelling. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1292-1296. [PMID: 32543128 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Thiourea-organocatalyzed Michael additions of diethyl malonate to various heteroaromatic nitroolefins (13 examples) have been studied under high-pressure (up to 800 MPa) and ambient pressure conditions. High pressure was conducive to enhanced product yields by a factor of 2-12 at a given reaction time, high reaction rates (reaction times were decreased from 72-24 h down to 4-24 h) and high enantioselectivity. Elucidating the effects of solvents for maximizing reaction rates and yields has been carried out using the Perturbed-Chain Polar Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (PCP-SAFT), allowing for the first time a prediction of the kinetic profiles under high-hydrostatic-pressure conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Weinbender
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Knierbein
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Lukas Bittorf
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christoph Held
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Riko Siewert
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Dr-Lorenz-Weg 1, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sergey P Verevkin
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Dr-Lorenz-Weg 1, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Gabriele Sadowski
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Oliver Reiser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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5
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Bülow M, Schmitz A, Mahmoudi T, Schmidt D, Junglas F, Janiak C, Held C. Odd–even effect for efficient bioreactions of chiral alcohols and boosted stability of the enzyme. RSC Adv 2020; 10:28351-28354. [PMID: 35519137 PMCID: PMC9055634 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05406b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a holistic approach for achieving a nearly quantitative conversion for an enzymatic reaction while simultaneously increasing the long-term stability of the enzyme. The approach provided chemical control of bioreactions by utilizing newly synthesized tetrahydrothiophene-based ionic liquids (THT ILs). We showcased its power by using THT-ILs as additives at a low concentration (only 10 mmol L−1) in the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)-catalyzed synthesis of methylated 1-phenylethanol (Me-PE). We discovered an “odd–even” effect of the IL-cation chain length: Me-PE displayed beneficial interactions with THT ILs having odd-numbered chain lengths and deleterious interactions with those having even-numbered chain lengths. An intermolecular thermodynamic simulation of the bulk phase and critical micelle concentration investigations of the local surroundings of the THT-ILs proved the occurrence of these interactions, and these two methods confirmed the odd–even effect from different perspectives. Additionally, storing the ADH enzyme in pure THT IL at room temperature allowed for a boosted long-term stability of the enzyme (500 times greater than that in aqueous buffer) without the need for freezing. We describe a holistic approach for achieving a nearly quantitative conversion for an enzymatic reaction while simultaneously increasing the long-term stability of the enzyme.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bülow
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics
- Technical University Dortmund
- 44227 Dortmund
- Germany
| | - Alexa Schmitz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- 40204 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Termeh Mahmoudi
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics
- Technical University Dortmund
- 44227 Dortmund
- Germany
| | - Dana Schmidt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- 40204 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Fabian Junglas
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- 40204 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- 40204 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Christoph Held
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics
- Technical University Dortmund
- 44227 Dortmund
- Germany
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6
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Vander Meulen IJ, Jiang P, Wu D, Hrudey SE, Li XF. N-Nitrosamine formation from chloramination of two common ionic liquids. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 87:341-348. [PMID: 31791507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are a class of solvents increasingly used as "green chemicals." Widespread applications of ILs have led to concerns about their accidental entry to the environment. ILs have been assessed for some environmental impacts; however, little has been done to characterize their potential impacts on drinking water if ILs accidentally enter surface water. IL cations are often aromatic or alkyl quaternary amines that resemble structures of previously confirmed N-nitrosamine (NA) precursors. Therefore, this study has evaluated two common ILs, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (EMImBr) and 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bromide (EMPyrBr), for their NA formation potential. Each IL species was reacted with pre-formed monochloramine under various laboratory conditions. The reaction mixtures were extracted using liquid-liquid extraction and analyzed for NAs using high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. At low concentration of IL (250 μmol/L), the yields of NAs (NMEA or NPyr) increased with increasing doses of monochloramine from both IL species. The total NA yield was as high as 2.5 ± 0.3 ng/mg from EMImBr, and as high as 8.6 ± 0.8 ng/mg from EMPyrBr. At high concentration of IL (5 mmol/L), the NA yield reached a maximum at 2.5 mmol/L NH2Cl, and then decreased with subsequent increases in the reactant concentrations, demonstrating ILs' solvent effects. This study re-emphasizes the importance of preventing discharge of ILs to water bodies to prevent secondary impacts on drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian J Vander Meulen
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Ping Jiang
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Di Wu
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Steve E Hrudey
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Xing-Fang Li
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada.
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7
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Li K, Mohammed MAA, Zhou Y, Tu H, Zhang J, Liu C, Chen Z, Burns R, Hu D, Ruso JM, Tang Z, Liu Z. Recent progress in the development of immobilized penicillin G acylase for chemical and industrial applications: A mini‐review. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Non‐ferrous Metal MaterialsLanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringLanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
| | - Monier Alhadi Abdelrahman Mohammed
- State Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Non‐ferrous Metal MaterialsLanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringLanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
| | - Yongshan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Non‐ferrous Metal MaterialsLanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringLanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
| | - Hongyi Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Non‐ferrous Metal MaterialsLanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringLanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
| | - Jiachen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Non‐ferrous Metal MaterialsLanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringLanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
| | - Chunli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Non‐ferrous Metal MaterialsLanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringLanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
| | - Zhenbin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Non‐ferrous Metal MaterialsLanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringLanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China
| | - Robert Burns
- Department of Physics and EngineeringFrostburg State University Frostburg Maryland
| | - Dongdong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Juan M. Ruso
- Soft Matter and Molecular Biophysics Group, Department of Applied PhysicsUniversity of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Zhenghua Tang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy MaterialsNew Energy Research Institute School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Surface Chemistry of Energy MaterialsSchool of Environment and Energy South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Physics and EngineeringFrostburg State University Frostburg Maryland
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8
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Körner S, Albert J, Held C. Catalytic Low-Temperature Dehydration of Fructose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Using Acidic Deep Eutectic Solvents and Polyoxometalate Catalysts. Front Chem 2019; 7:661. [PMID: 31649916 PMCID: PMC6794411 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
HMF synthesis typically requires high temperature and is carried out in aqueous solutions. In this work, the low-temperature dehydration of fructose to HMF in different deep eutectic solvents (DES) was investigated. We found a very active and selective reaction system consisting of the DES tetraethyl ammonium chloride as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and levulinic acid as hydrogen bond donor (HBD) in a molar ratio of 1:2 leading to a maximum HMF yield of 68% after 120 h at 323 K. The DES still contained a low amount of water at the initial reaction, and water was also produced during the reaction. Considering the DES properties, neither the molar ratio in the DES nor the reaction temperature had a significant influence on the overall performance of the reaction system. However, the nature of the HBA as well as the acidity of the HBD play an important role for the maximum achievable HMF yield. This was validated by measured yields in a DES with different combinations of HBD (levulinic acid and lactic acid) and HBA (choline chloride and tetra-n-alkyl ammonium chlorides). Moreover, addition of vanadium containing catalysts, especially the polyoxometalate HPA-5 (H8PV5Mo7O40) leads to drastically increased reaction kinetics. Using HPA-5 and the DES tetraethyl ammonium chloride-levulinic acid we could reach a maximum HMF yield of 57% after only 5 h reaction time without decreasing the very high product selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Körner
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jakob Albert
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Held
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
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9
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Fellechner O, Blatkiewicz M, Smirnova I. Reactive Separations for In Situ Product Removal of Enzymatic Reactions: A Review. CHEM-ING-TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201900027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Fellechner
- Hamburg University of Technology Institute of Thermal Separation Processes Eißendorfer Straße 38 21073 Hamburg Germany
| | - Michał Blatkiewicz
- Hamburg University of Technology Institute of Thermal Separation Processes Eißendorfer Straße 38 21073 Hamburg Germany
| | - Irina Smirnova
- Hamburg University of Technology Institute of Thermal Separation Processes Eißendorfer Straße 38 21073 Hamburg Germany
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10
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Aqueous hydrotropic solution: green reaction medium for synthesis of pyridopyrimidine carbonitrile and spiro-oxindole dihydroquinazolinone derivatives. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-019-03801-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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11
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Hosseiniyan Khatibi SM, Zununi Vahed F, Sharifi S, Ardalan M, Mohajel Shoja M, Zununi Vahed S. Osmolytes resist against harsh osmolarity: Something old something new. Biochimie 2019; 158:156-164. [PMID: 30629975 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
From the halophilic bacteria to human, cells have to survive under the stresses of harsh environments. Hyperosmotic stress is a process that triggers cell shrinkage, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis and it potentially contributes to a number of human diseases. Remarkably, by high salts and organic solutes concentrations, a variety of organisms struggle with these conditions. Different strategies have been developed for cellular osmotic adaptations among which organic osmolyte synthesis/accumulation is a conserved once. Osmolytes are naturally occurring solutes used by cells of several halophilic (micro) organisms to preserve cell volume and function. In this review, the osmolytes diversity and their protective roles in harsh hyperosmolar environments from bacteria to human cells are highlighted. Moreover, it provides a close look at mammalian kidney osmoregulation at a molecular level. This review provides a concise view on the recent developments and advancements on the applications of osmolytes. Identification of disease-related osmolytes and their targeted-delivery may be used as a therapeutic measurement for treatment of the pathological conditions and the inherited diseases related to protein misfolding and aggregation. The molecular and cellular aspects of cell adaptation against harsh environmental osmolarity will benefit the development of effective drugs for many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Simin Sharifi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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12
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Held C. Optimizing reaction media for biocatalysis. CHEM-ING-TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201855301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Held
- TU Dortmund; BCI - Thermodynamik; Emil-Figge-Straße 70 44227 Dortmund Germany
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13
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Recent developments in biocatalysis in multiphasic ionic liquid reaction systems. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:901-910. [PMID: 29704212 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-018-0423-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids are well known and frequently used 'designer solvents' for biocatalytic reactions. This review highlights recent achievements in the field of multiphasic ionic liquid-based reaction concepts. It covers classical biphasic systems including supported ionic liquid phases, thermo-regulated multi-component solvent systems (TMS) and polymerized ionic liquids. These powerful concepts combine unique reaction conditions with a high potential for future applications on a laboratory and industrial scale. The presence of a multiphasic system simplifies downstream processing due to the distribution of the catalyst and reactants in different phases.
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