1
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Peeters M, Decaens J, Fürstner A. Taming of Furfurylidenes by Chiral Bismuth-Rhodium Paddlewheel Catalysts. Preparation and Functionalization of Optically Active 1,1-Disubstituted (Trifluoromethyl)cyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311598. [PMID: 37698240 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Although 2-furyl-carbenes (furfurylidenes) are prone to instantaneous electrocyclic ring opening, chiral [BiRh]-paddlewheel complexes empowered by London dispersion allow (trifluoromethyl)furfurylidene metal complexes to be generated from a bench-stable triftosylhydrazone precursor. These reactive intermediates engage in asymmetric [2+1] cycloadditions and hence open entry into valuable trifluoromethylated cyclopropane or -cyclopropene derivatives in optically active form, which are important building blocks for medicinal chemistry but difficult to make otherwise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Peeters
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470, RuhrMülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Jonathan Decaens
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470, RuhrMülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470, RuhrMülheim/Ruhr, Germany
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2
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Dubois MAJ, Rojas JJ, Sterling AJ, Broderick HC, Smith MA, White AJP, Miller PW, Choi C, Mousseau JJ, Duarte F, Bull JA. Visible Light Photoredox-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Alkylation of 3-Aryl-Oxetanes and Azetidines via Benzylic Tertiary Radicals and Implications of Benzylic Radical Stability. J Org Chem 2023; 88:6476-6488. [PMID: 36868184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Four-membered heterocycles offer exciting potential as small polar motifs in medicinal chemistry but require further methods for incorporation. Photoredox catalysis is a powerful method for the mild generation of alkyl radicals for C-C bond formation. The effect of ring strain on radical reactivity is not well understood, with no studies that address this question systematically. Examples of reactions that involve benzylic radicals are rare, and their reactivity is challenging to harness. This work develops a radical functionalization of benzylic oxetanes and azetidines using visible light photoredox catalysis to prepare 3-aryl-3-alkyl substituted derivatives and assesses the influence of ring strain and heterosubstitution on the reactivity of small-ring radicals. 3-Aryl-3-carboxylic acid oxetanes and azetidines are suitable precursors to tertiary benzylic oxetane/azetidine radicals which undergo conjugate addition into activated alkenes. We compare the reactivity of oxetane radicals to other benzylic systems. Computational studies indicate that Giese additions of unstrained benzylic radicals into acrylates are reversible and result in low yields and radical dimerization. Benzylic radicals as part of a strained ring, however, are less stable and more π-delocalized, decreasing dimer and increasing Giese product formation. Oxetanes show high product yields due to ring strain and Bent's rule rendering the Giese addition irreversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryne A J Dubois
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Juan J Rojas
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Alistair J Sterling
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Hannah C Broderick
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Milo A Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Andrew J P White
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Philip W Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Chulho Choi
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, 445 Eastern Point Rd., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - James J Mousseau
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, 445 Eastern Point Rd., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - James A Bull
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
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3
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Gao Q, Xu S. Site- and Stereoselective C(sp 3 )-H Borylation of Strained (Hetero)Cycloalkanols Enabled by Iridium Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218025. [PMID: 36581587 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed site- and stereoselective C-H activation of strained (hetero)cycloalkanes remains a formidable challenge. We herein report a carbamate-directed iridium-catalyzed asymmetric β-C(sp3 )-H borylation of cyclopropanol derivatives. A variety of densely functionalized cyclopropanols were obtained in good enantioselectivities via desymmetrization and kinetic resolution. In addition, site-selective C(sp3 )-H borylation of methine groups furnished α-borylated (hetero)cycloalkanols in moderate to good yields. The synthetic utility of the method was further shown in a gram-scale synthesis and diverse downstream transformations of borylated products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Senmiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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4
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Synthesis of New Azetidine and Oxetane Amino Acid Derivatives through Aza-Michael Addition of NH-Heterocycles with Methyl 2-(Azetidin- or Oxetan-3-Ylidene)Acetates. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031091. [PMID: 36770762 PMCID: PMC9921373 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a simple and efficient synthetic route for the preparation of new heterocyclic amino acid derivatives containing azetidine and oxetane rings was described. The starting (N-Boc-azetidin-3-ylidene)acetate was obtained from (N-Boc)azetidin-3-one by the DBU-catalysed Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction, followed by aza-Michael addition with NH-heterocycles to yield the target functionalised 3-substituted 3-(acetoxymethyl)azetidines. Methyl 2-(oxetan-3-ylidene)acetate was obtained in a similar manner, which was further treated with various (N-Boc-cycloaminyl)amines to yield the target 3-substituted 3-(acetoxymethyl)oxetane compounds. The synthesis and diversification of novel heterocyclic amino acid derivatives were achieved through the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling from the corresponding brominated pyrazole-azetidine hybrid with boronic acids. The structures of the novel heterocyclic compounds were confirmed via 1H-, 13C-, 15N-, and 19F-NMR spectroscopy, as well as HRMS investigations.
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5
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Yao J, Hu D, Zhang JQ, Zhang Y, Ma X, Liu J, Wang J, Ni B, Ren H. Ring-Opening Selenation of Cyclopropanol for the Selective Synthesis of β-Hydroxy-Substituted Selenylated Ketones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14685-14694. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yao
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
| | - Dandan Hu
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
| | - Jun-Qi Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
| | - Yili Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
| | - Xinyi Ma
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
| | - Bukuo Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University-Commerce, Commerce, Texas 75429-3011, United States
| | - Hongjun Ren
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453000, China
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6
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Sachdeva H, Khaturia S, Saquib M, Khatik N, Khandelwal AR, Meena R, Sharma K. Oxygen- and Sulphur-Containing Heterocyclic Compounds as Potential Anticancer Agents. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:6438-6467. [PMID: 35900713 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04099-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen- and sulphur-based heterocycles form the core structure of many biologically active molecules as well as U.S. FDA-approved drugs. Moreover, they possess broad range of biological activities, viz. anticancer, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antitumour, antibacterial, antiviral, antidiabetic, anticonvulsant, anti-tubercular, analgesic, anti-leishmanial, antimalarial, antifungal, and anti-histaminic, Hence, O- and S-based heterocycles are gaining more attention in recent years on the road to the discovery of innovative anticancer drugs after the extensive investigation of nitrogen-based heterocycles as anticancer agents. Several attempts have been made to synthesize fused oxygen- and sulphur-based heterocyclic derivatives as joining one heterocyclic moiety with another may lead to improvement in the biological profile of a molecule. Humans have been cursed with cancer since long time. Despite the development of several heterocyclic anticancer medications such as 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, methotrexate, and daunorubicin, cure of cancer is difficult. Hence, researchers are trying to synthesize new fused/spiro heterocyclic molecules to discover novel anticancer drugs which may show promising anticancer effects with fewer side effects. Furthermore, fused heterocycles behave as DNA intercalating agents which have the ability to interact with DNA, leading to cell death thereby exerting anticancer effect. This review article highlights the synthesis and anticancer potentiality of oxygen- and sulphur-containing heterocyclic compounds covering the period from 2011 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Sachdeva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, 302004, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Sarita Khaturia
- Department of Chemistry, School of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Lakshmangarh (Sikar), Rajasthan, India
| | - Mohammad Saquib
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Narsingh Khatik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, 302004, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Ravina Meena
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, 302004, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Khushboo Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, 302004, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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7
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Li D, Sloman DL, Achab A, Zhou H, McGowan MA, White C, Gibeau C, Zhang H, Pu Q, Bharathan I, Hopkins B, Liu K, Ferguson H, Fradera X, Lesburg CA, Martinot TA, Qi J, Song ZJ, Yin J, Zhang H, Song L, Wan B, DAddio S, Solban N, Miller JR, Zamlynny B, Bass A, Freeland E, Ykoruk B, Hilliard C, Ferraro J, Zhai J, Knemeyer I, Otte KM, Vincent S, Sciammetta N, Pasternak A, Bennett DJ, Han Y. Oxetane Promise Delivered: Discovery of Long-Acting IDO1 Inhibitors Suitable for Q3W Oral or Parenteral Dosing. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6001-6016. [PMID: 35239336 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
3,3-Disubstituted oxetanes have been utilized as bioisosteres for gem-dimethyl and cyclobutane functionalities. We report the discovery of a novel class of oxetane indole-amine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) inhibitors suitable for Q3W (once every 3 weeks) oral and parenteral dosing. A diamide class of IDO inhibitors was discovered through an automated ligand identification system (ALIS). Installation of an oxetane and fluorophenyl dramatically improved the potency. Identification of a biaryl moiety as an unconventional amide isostere addressed the metabolic liability of amide hydrolysis. Metabolism identification (Met-ID)-guided target design and the introduction of polarity resulted in the discovery of potent IDO inhibitors with excellent pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles in multiple species. To enable rapid synthesis of the key oxetane intermediate, a novel oxetane ring cyclization was also developed, as well as optimization of a literature route on kg scale. These IDO inhibitors may enable unambiguous proof-of-concept testing for the IDO1 inhibition mechanism for oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Huangguang Zhang
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd., No.6 Taihe Road, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Licheng Song
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd., No.6 Taihe Road, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Baoqiang Wan
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., No. 1 Building, #288 FuTe ZhongLu, WaiGaoQiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 100176, China
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8
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Kovalevsky RA, Kucherenko AS, Zlotin SG. Concise enantioselective synthesis of non-proteinogenic α-aminoacids via an organocatalytic Mannich-type reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12827-12830. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04909k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Scalable asymmetric synthesis of non-proteinogenic (S)-aminoacids and their derivatives based on an organocatalyzed Mannich-type reaction involving allomaltol applicable to subsequent RuIII-catalyzed oxidative cleavage has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan A. Kovalevsky
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie gory 1-3, 119234, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S. Kucherenko
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergei G. Zlotin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
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9
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Dubois MAJ, Croft RA, Ding Y, Choi C, Owen DR, Bull JA, Mousseau JJ. Investigating 3,3-diaryloxetanes as potential bioisosteres through matched molecular pair analysis. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:2045-2052. [PMID: 35024613 PMCID: PMC8672821 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00248a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxetanes have received increasing interest in medicinal chemistry as attractive polar and low molecular weight motifs. The application of oxetanes as replacements for methylene, methyl, gem-dimethyl and carbonyl groups has been demonstrated to often improve chemical properties of target molecules for drug discovery purposes. The investigation of the properties of 3,3-diaryloxetanes, particularly of interest as a benzophenone replacement, remains largely unexplored. With recent synthetic advances in accessing this motif we studied the effects of 3,3-diaryloxetanes on the physicochemical properties of 'drug-like' molecules. Here, we describe our efforts in the design and synthesis of a range of drug-like compounds for matched molecular pair analysis to investigate the viability of the 3,3-diaryloxetane motif as a replacement group in drug discovery. We conclude that the properties of the diaryloxetanes and ketones are similar, and generally superior to related alkyl linkers, and that diaryloxetanes provide a potentially useful new design element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryne A J Dubois
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Rosemary A Croft
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Yujie Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Chulho Choi
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical 445 Eastern Point Rd. Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Dafydd R Owen
- Pfizer Medicine Design 610 Main St Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - James A Bull
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - James J Mousseau
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical 445 Eastern Point Rd. Groton CT 06340 USA
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10
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Shaw K, Sharma S, Khatua A, Paul A, Bisai A. Oxidative electro-organic synthesis of dimeric hexahydropyrrolo-[2,3- b]indole alkaloids involving PCET: total synthesis of (±)-folicanthine. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:9390-9395. [PMID: 34705000 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01463c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient electrochemical oxidation strategy for the total synthesis of a dimeric hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole alkaloid, (±)-folicanthine (1b), has been envisioned. Control experiments suggest that a PCET pathway involving stepwise electron transfer followed by proton transfer (ET-PT) was involved in the key oxidative dimerization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kundan Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Sulekha Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Arindam Khatua
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Amit Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Alakesh Bisai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India. .,Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia - 741246, West Bengal, India
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11
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Mughal H, Szostak M. Recent advances in the synthesis and reactivity of azetidines: strain-driven character of the four-membered heterocycle. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3274-3286. [PMID: 33899862 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00061f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Azetidines represent one of the most important four-membered heterocycles used in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. The reactivity of azetidines is driven by a considerable ring strain, while at the same the ring is significantly more stable than that of related aziridines, which translates into both facile handling and unique reactivity that can be triggered under appropriate reaction conditions. Recently, remarkable advances in the chemistry and reactivity of azetidines have been reported. In this review, we provide an overview of the synthesis, reactivity and application of azetidines that have been published in the last years with a focus on the most recent advances, trends and future directions. The review is organized by the methods of synthesis of azetidines and the reaction type used for functionalization of azetidines. Finally, recent examples of using azetidines as motifs in drug discovery, polymerization and chiral templates are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Mughal
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
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12
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Sandvoß A, Wiest JM. Recent Advances in Enantioselective Desymmetrizations of Prochiral Oxetanes. Chemistry 2021; 27:5871-5879. [PMID: 33274788 PMCID: PMC8049043 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Strain relief of oxetanes offers a plethora of opportunities for the synthesis of chiral alcohols and ethers. In this context, enantioselective desymmetrization has been identified as a powerful tool to construct molecular complexity and this has led to the development of elegant strategies on the basis of transition metal, Lewis acid, and Brønsted acid catalysis. This review highlights recent examples that harness the inherent reactivity of prochiral oxetanes and offers an outlook on the immense possibilities for synthetic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Sandvoß
- Department ChemieJohannes Gutenberg Universität MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Johannes M. Wiest
- Department ChemieJohannes Gutenberg Universität MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 3648149MünsterGermany
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13
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Murray PRD, Bussink WMM, Davies GHM, van der Mei FW, Antropow AH, Edwards JT, D'Agostino LA, Ellis JM, Hamann LG, Romanov-Michailidis F, Knowles RR. Intermolecular Crossed [2 + 2] Cycloaddition Promoted by Visible-Light Triplet Photosensitization: Expedient Access to Polysubstituted 2-Oxaspiro[3.3]heptanes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4055-4063. [PMID: 33666086 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes an intermolecular cross-selective [2 + 2] photocycloaddition reaction of exocyclic arylidene oxetanes, azetidines, and cyclobutanes with simple electron-deficient alkenes. The reaction takes place under mild conditions using a commercially available Ir(III) photosensitizer upon blue light irradiation. This transformation provides access to a range of polysubstituted 2-oxaspiro[3.3]heptane, 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptane, and spiro[3.3]heptane motifs, which are of prime interest in medicinal chemistry as gem-dimethyl and carbonyl bioisosteres. A variety of further transformations of the initial cycloadducts are demonstrated to highlight the versatility of the products and enable selective access to either of a syn- or an anti-diastereoisomer through kinetic or thermodynamic epimerization, respectively. Mechanistic experiments and DFT calculations suggest that this reaction proceeds through a sensitized energy transfer pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip R D Murray
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Willem M M Bussink
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Geraint H M Davies
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Farid W van der Mei
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Alyssa H Antropow
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Jacob T Edwards
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 10300 Campus Point Drive, Suite 100, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | | | - J Michael Ellis
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Lawrence G Hamann
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | | | - Robert R Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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14
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Merkushev AA, Makarov AS, Shpuntov PM, Abaev VT, Trushkov IV, Uchuskin MG. Oxidative Rearrangement of 2‐(2‐Aminobenzyl)furans: Synthesis of Functionalized Indoles and Carbazoles. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anton S. Makarov
- Perm State University Bukireva St. 15 Perm 614990 Russian Federation
| | - Pavel M. Shpuntov
- Kuban State Technological University Moskovskaya St. 2 Krasnodar 350072 Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir T. Abaev
- North-Ossetian State University Vatutina St. 46 Vladikavkaz 362025 Russian Federation
- North Caucasus Federal University Pushkin St. 1a Stavropol 355009 Russian Federation
| | - Igor V. Trushkov
- D. Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology Samory Mashela St. 1 Moscow 117997 Russian Federation
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Leninsky Pr. 47 Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
| | - Maxim G. Uchuskin
- Perm State University Bukireva St. 15 Perm 614990 Russian Federation
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15
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Tayama E, Nakanome N. Synthesis of optically active 2-substituted azetidine-2-carbonitriles from chiral 1-arylethylamine via α-alkylation of N-borane complexes. RSC Adv 2021; 11:23825-23837. [PMID: 35479785 PMCID: PMC9036535 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04585g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The base-promoted α-alkylation of N-((S)-1-arylethyl)azetidine-2-carbonitriles 3via formation of their N-borane complexes 4 was investigated. For example, treatment of diastereomerically pure borane N-((S)-1′-(4′′-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)azetidine-2-carbonitrile complex (1S,2S,1′S)-4b with 1.2 equivalents of LDA at −78 °C followed by 1.3 equivalents of benzyl bromide at −78 °C and warming to room temperature produced α-benzylated (2S,1′S)-5ba in 72% yield and (2R,1′S)-5ba in 2% yield. A mechanism for this diastereoselective α-alkylation was proposed. Our method enables the production of optically active 2-substituted azetidine-2-carbonitriles, such as α-benzylated (S)-10a and (R)-10a, starting from commercially available (S)-(1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)amine. Synthesis of optically active 2-substituted azetidine-2-carbonitriles by LDA-promoted diastereoselective α-alkylation of borane N-((S)-1-arylethyl)azetidine-2-carbonitrile complexes was demonstrated.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Tayama
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Niigata University
- Niigata
- Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakanome
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Niigata University
- Niigata
- Japan
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Reiners F, Joseph E, Nißl B, Didier D. Stereoselective Access to Azetidine-Based α-Amino Acids and Applications to Small Peptide Synthesis. Org Lett 2020; 22:8533-8537. [PMID: 33052683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-natural azetidine-based amino acids (Aze) present interesting features in protein engineering. A simple organometallic route toward unsaturated carboxylic acid precursors is presented. Subsequent metal-catalyzed asymmetric reduction allowed for the synthesis of a new library of 2-azetidinylcarboxylic acids, which were finally employed in the formation of small peptide chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Reiners
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Emanuel Joseph
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Nißl
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dorian Didier
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
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Liu S, Zang Y, Huang H, Sun J. In(OTf)3-Catalyzed Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydro-1H-benzo[e]indoles and 2,3-Dihydrobenzofurans via [3 + 2] Annulation. Org Lett 2020; 22:8219-8223. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxuan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yu Zang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water
Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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