1
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Gharpure SJ, Chavan RS, Narang SR. Iron-Mediated Hydrogen Atom Transfer Radical Cyclization of Alkenyl Indoles and Pyrroles Gives Their Fused Derivatives: Total Synthesis of Bruceolline E and H. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 38341858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The iron-mediated hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reaction is efficaciously employed for the synthesis of dihydropyrroloindoles and dihydropyrrolizines via 5-exo-trig radical cyclization where indoles and pyrroles are used as an acceptor. This radical approach has also been extended for the synthesis of tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]indolones via the Baldwin-disfavored 5-endo-trig cyclization pathway. The formal synthesis of bruceolline J and the total synthesis of bruceollines E and H have been expeditiously carried out by employing the former strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh J Gharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Rupali S Chavan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Simran R Narang
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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2
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Gharpure SJ, Kumari S. Cascade radical cyclization on 3-propargyl-2-alkenyl indole gives stereoselective access to cyclohepta[ b]indole over carbazole. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:538-541. [PMID: 38050781 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05237k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
A protecting group-dependent diastereoselective synthesis of cyclohepta[b]indole over carbazole derivatives is developed. This strategy involves a regioselective 6-exo-trig radical cyclization-cyclopropanation-ring expansion cascade of 3-propargyl-2-alkenyl indole. The cascade radical cyclization was also performed on indole derivatives possessing alkyne, acrylate and vinylogous carbamate moieties, which delivered pyridocarbazole giving credence to the mechanistic hypothesis. Furthermore, cyclohepta[b]indole could be selectively converted to sulfone and sulfoxide as well as benzoazulenoindole via intramolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh J Gharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India.
| | - Sanyog Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India.
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3
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Liu L, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Li J. Electron Donor-Acceptor Complex Induced Fused Indoles with Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagents. Org Lett 2023; 25:6251-6255. [PMID: 37607047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
An operationally simple and efficient method for the cyclization of tertiary amines and hypervalent iodine reagents enabled by an EDA complex has been developed. A series of [1,2-α]indoles derivatives were obtained in good yields, including some key intermediates for the synthesis of biologically active molecules. In addition, this established strategy features a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Analysis and Testing Center, NERC Biomass of Changzhou University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Yage Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Analysis and Testing Center, NERC Biomass of Changzhou University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Wenyan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Analysis and Testing Center, NERC Biomass of Changzhou University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Analysis and Testing Center, NERC Biomass of Changzhou University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
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4
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Sindhe H, Saiyed N, Kamble A, Mounika Reddy M, Singh A, Sharma S. Catalytic and Chemodivergent Synthesis of 1-Substituted 9 H-Pyrrolo[1,2- a]indoles via Annulation of β-CF 3 Enones with 3-Substituted Indoles. J Org Chem 2023; 88:230-244. [PMID: 36503232 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemodivergent reactions are more advantageous in organic synthesis that yield diversely functionalized scaffolds from common starting materials. Herein, we report an efficient metal-free chemodivergent protocol for the synthesis of 1-substituted 9H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole derivatives in the presence of catalytic amounts of Lewis acid/Brønsted acid conditions using 3-substituted indoles and β-trifluoromethyl-α,β-unsaturated ketones. Fine-tuning of the catalyst and solvent system in the reaction conditions deliver the trifluoromethyl, trifluoroethylcarboxylate, or carboxylic acid substituents on the C1-position of 9H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole derivatives in situ. It is postulated that the solvent and LA/BA catalyst interaction was found to be crucial for the catalytic C-F activation in these transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haritha Sindhe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Nehanaz Saiyed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Akshay Kamble
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Malladi Mounika Reddy
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Amardeep Singh
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Satyasheel Sharma
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
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5
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Wang L, Li M, Ning Z, Zhang X, Fu Y, Du Z. Copper- and Visible-Light-Catalyzed Cascade Radical Cyclization of N-Propargylindoles with Cyclic Ethers. J Org Chem 2022; 88:6374-6381. [PMID: 36269585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient visible-light-assisted, copper-catalyzed tandem radical cyclization of N-propargylindoles with cyclic ethers is established. A series of 2-oxoalkyl-9H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indol-9-ones with potential biological activities were synthesized in moderate yields by using a dual catalytic system with copper acetate as a transition metal catalyst and eosin Y as a visible light catalyst. The investigation of reaction mechanism shows that it goes through a cascade oxoalkyl radical addition, cyclization, and oxidation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Mengting Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Zhitao Ning
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Ying Fu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyin Du
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
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6
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Shan Y, Yang Z, Yu JT, Pan C. Metal-free polychloromethyl radical-initiated cyclization of unactivated N-allylindoles towards pyrrolo[1,2- a]indoles. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:5259-5263. [PMID: 35735246 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00471b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A metal-free polychloromethyl radical-initiated cyclization of unactivated alkenes was developed using CH2Cl2 and CHCl3 as the di- and trichloromethyl radical sources. Variously substituted N-allyl-indoles were successfully transformed into the corresponding C2-(di- and trichloromethyl) pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles in moderate to good yields. This reaction has a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. Dibromomethylated products can also be obtained using CH2Br2 under standard conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Shan
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Zixian Yang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Jin-Tao Yu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Changduo Pan
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, P. R. China.
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7
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Gharpure SJ, Kumari S. Protecting Group-Dependent Synthesis of Densely Substituted Dihydropyrroles v/s Pyrroles via 5 -Exo-trig Cascade Radical Cyclization to Alkynyl Vinylogous Carbamates. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6781-6793. [PMID: 35544612 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Densely substituted dihydropyrroles could be synthesized with excellent diastereoselectivity via 5-exo-trig cascade radical cyclization to alkynyl vinylogous carbamates. N-Alkyl/acyl protected alkynyl vinylogous carbamates upon radical cyclization using thiophenol gave substituted pyrroles as against dihydropyrroles, which were formed with N-sulfonyl protecting groups. This enabled a rare example wherein both dihydropyrrole and pyrrole rings are assembled in the same reaction. This strategy could be used for the synthesis of an unprecedented adjacent polyheterocyclic system having a furan-thiophene-pyrrole motif. When vinylogous carbamate is embedded in the isoindole moiety, a pyridoisoindole derivative was formed with excellent diastereoselectivity, instead of the expected pyrroloisoindole product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh J Gharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sanyog Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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8
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Zhang J, Wu M, Ju H, Yang H, Qian B, Ding K, Wu J, Xie M. K2S2O8-mediated acylarylation of unactivated alkenes via acyl radical addition/C–H annulation cascade of N-allyl-indoles with silver cocatalysis. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01069g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A silver-catalyzed, K2S2O8-mediated protocol to access the regioselective acylarylation of unactivated alkenes was reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Manyi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Hu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Haitao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Baiyang Qian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Ke Ding
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jiaping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Meihua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
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9
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Wang W, Zhang M, Yang W, Yang X. Research Progress in Radical Cascade Reaction Using Nitrogen Heterocycle in Indoles as Radical Acceptors. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202107012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Zhang J, Xia W, Qu M, Huda S, Ward JS, Rissanen K, Albrecht M. Synthesis of Polycyclic Indolines by Utilizing a Reduction/Cyclization Cascade Reaction. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Zhang
- Institut für Organische Chemie RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 Aachen 52074 Germany
| | - Wei Xia
- Institut für Organische Chemie RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 Aachen 52074 Germany
| | - Meilin Qu
- Institut für Organische Chemie RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 Aachen 52074 Germany
| | - Saskia Huda
- Institut für Organische Chemie RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 Aachen 52074 Germany
| | - Jas S. Ward
- University of Jyvaskyla Department of Chemistry P.O. Box 35 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- University of Jyvaskyla Department of Chemistry P.O. Box 35 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Markus Albrecht
- Institut für Organische Chemie RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 Aachen 52074 Germany
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11
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Cheng J, Zhang H, Lv J, Zheng J. Palladium‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Dicarbofunctionalization of Unactivated Alkenes: Synthesis of Fluoroalkylated Heterocycles with All‐Carbon Quaternary Centers. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University 2 Xueyuan Road Fuzhou 350116 People's Republic of China
| | - Huali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University 2 Xueyuan Road Fuzhou 350116 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinliang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University 2 Xueyuan Road Fuzhou 350116 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University 2 Xueyuan Road Fuzhou 350116 People's Republic of China
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12
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Yu WQ, Xie J, Chen Z, Xiong BQ, Liu Y, Tang KW. Visible-Light-Induced Transition-Metal-Free Nitrogen-Centered Radical Strategy for the Synthesis of 2-Acylated 9 H-Pyrrolo[1,2- a]indoles. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13720-13733. [PMID: 34523335 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A convenient and efficient visible-light-induced tandem acylation/cyclization of N-propargylindoles with aryl- or alkyl-substituted acyl oxime esters for the synthesis of 2-acyl-substituted 9H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles under transition-metal-free conditions, which proceeds via nitrogen-centered radical-mediated cleavage of the C-C σ-bond in acyl oxime esters, is established. The aryl or alkyl acyl radicals, which come from acyl oxime esters, attack the C-C triple bonds in N-propargylindoles and then go through intramolecular cyclization/isomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qin Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Zan Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Bi-Quan Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Ke-Wen Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
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13
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Li S, Wang Y, Wu Z, Shi W, Lei Y, Davies PW, Shu W. A Radical-Initiated Fragmentary Rearrangement Cascade of Ene-Ynamides to [1,2]-Annulated Indoles via Site-Selective Cyclization. Org Lett 2021; 23:7209-7214. [PMID: 34459193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Straightforward access to [1,2]-annulated indoles, key substructures in natural products, is highly desirable yet challenging. Herein, a radical triggered fragmentary cyclization cascade reaction of ene-ynamides is presented, providing a rapid access into [1,2]-annulated indoles by an intermolecular radical addition, intramolecular cyclization, desulfonylative aryl migration, and site-selective C(sp2)-N cyclization sequence. DFT calculations support oxidation of N-centered radical species to cations prior to the C-N bond formation, followed by an unusual aza-Nazarov cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifan Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China.,School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, BirminghamB15 2TT, U.K
| | - Yu Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zibo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Weiliang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yibo Lei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Paul W Davies
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, BirminghamB15 2TT, U.K
| | - Wei Shu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
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14
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Shelke YG, Hande PE, Gharpure SJ. Recent advances in the synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2- a]indoles and their derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7544-7574. [PMID: 34524330 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01103k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole unit is a privileged heterocycle found in numerous natural products and has been shown to exhibit diverse pharmacological properties. Thus, recent years have witnessed immense interest from the synthesis community on the synthesis of this scaffold. In light of the ever-increasing demand for pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles in drug discovery, this review provides an overview of recent synthesis methods for the preparation of pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles and their derivatives. The mechanistic pathway and stereo-electronic factors affecting the yield and selectivity of the product are briefly explained. Furthermore, we have attempted to demonstrate the utility of the developed methods in the synthesis of bioactive molecules and natural products, wherever offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh G Shelke
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Pankaj E Hande
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Santosh J Gharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
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15
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Zhang J, Xia W, Huda S, Ward JS, Rissanen K, Albrecht M. Synthesis of N‐Fused Indolines via Copper (II)‐Catalyzed Dearomatizing Cyclization of Indoles. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Zhang
- Institut für Organische Chemie RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 D-52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Wei Xia
- Institut für Organische Chemie RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 D-52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Saskia Huda
- Institut für Organische Chemie RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 D-52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Jas S. Ward
- University of Jyvaskyla Department of Chemistry Survontie 9 B FIN-40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- University of Jyvaskyla Department of Chemistry Survontie 9 B FIN-40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Markus Albrecht
- Institut für Organische Chemie RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 D-52074 Aachen Germany
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16
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Liao J, Yang X, Ouyang L, Lai Y, Huang J, Luo R. Recent advances in cascade radical cyclization of radical acceptors for the synthesis of carbo- and heterocycles. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01453b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This review is devoted to highlighting main achievements in the development of cascade radical cyclization of radical acceptors for the synthesis of carbo- and heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Liao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Gannan Medical University
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Gannan Medical University
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Lu Ouyang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Gannan Medical University
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yinlong Lai
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Shaoguan University
- Shaoguan 512005
- China
| | - Jiuzhong Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Gannan Medical University
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Renshi Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Gannan Medical University
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
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17
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Lynch DM, Scanlan EM. Thiyl Radicals: Versatile Reactive Intermediates for Cyclization of Unsaturated Substrates. Molecules 2020; 25:E3094. [PMID: 32646036 PMCID: PMC7412111 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25133094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfur centered radicals are widely employed in chemical synthesis, in particular for alkene and alkyne hydrothiolation towards thioether bioconjugates. The steadfast radical chain process that enables efficient hydrothiolation has been explored in the context of cascade reactions to furnish complex molecular architectures. The use of thiyl radicals offers a much cheaper and less toxic alternative to the archetypal organotin-based radical methods. This review outlines the development of thiyl radicals as reactive intermediates for initiating carbocyclization cascades. Key developments in cascade cyclization methodology are presented and applications for natural product synthesis are discussed. The review provides a chronological account of the field, beginning in the early seventies up to very recent examples; a span of almost 50 years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland;
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18
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Khan HPA, Chakraborty TK. Application of Cp 2TiCl-Promoted Radical-Induced Cyclization: An Expeditious Access to [ a]-Annelated Indoles. J Org Chem 2020; 85:8000-8012. [PMID: 32469214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
An efficient and novel route for assembling pyrrolo/piperido[1,2-a]indoles is portrayed involving a radical-mediated reductive epoxide opening reaction of N-tethered epoxy-indoles that trigger facile intramolecular cyclization followed by an oxidative quenching step. Capitalizing on the operational simplicity of the method involving just two steps and use of an efficient C-C bond-forming reaction, this radical-based protocol enables the modular assembly of an important class of N-fused indole derivatives with versatile functional and structural diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina P A Khan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
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19
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Bi MX, Liu S, Huang Y, Xu XH, Qing FL. Cascade trifluoromethylthiolation and cyclization of N-[(3-aryl)propioloyl]indoles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:657-662. [PMID: 32318122 PMCID: PMC7155893 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A cascade oxidative trifluoromethylthiolation and cyclization of N-[(3-aryl)propioloyl]indoles with AgSCF3 is described. This protocol allows for the synthesis of novel bis(trifluoromethylthiolated) or trifluoromethylthiolated pyrrolo[1,2-a]indol-3-ones in moderate to good yields. Mechanistic investigations indicated that radical processes were probably involved in these transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xi Bi
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yangen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiu-Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Science, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Feng-Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China.,Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Science, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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20
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Liu Y, Chen Z, Wang QL, Chen P, Xie J, Xiong BQ, Zhang PL, Tang KW. Visible Light-Catalyzed Cascade Radical Cyclization of N-Propargylindoles with Acyl Chlorides for the Synthesis of 2-Acyl-9H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles. J Org Chem 2020; 85:2385-2394. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Zan Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Qiao-Lin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Pu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Bi-Quan Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Pan-Liang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Ke-Wen Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
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21
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Gao Y, Li J, Bai S, Tu D, Yang C, Ye Z, Hu B, Qi X, Jiang C. Direct synthesis of annulated indoles through palladium-catalyzed double alkylations. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00135j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A facile, one-step synthesis of annulated indoles from (N–H) indoles and dibromoalkanes was developed through a palladium-catalyzed double alkylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences
| | - Jianhua Li
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
| | - Songlin Bai
- National Institute of Biological Sciences
- Beijing 102206
- P. R. China
| | - Daoquan Tu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
| | - Chao Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences
| | - Zhiwen Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
| | - Bingcheng Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangbing Qi
- National Institute of Biological Sciences
- Beijing 102206
- P. R. China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research
- Tsinghua University
| | - Chao Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
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22
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Reddy CR, Kajare RC, Punna N. Silver-catalyzed acylative annulation of N-propargylated indoles with α-keto acids: access to acylated pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:3445-3448. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc10069e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel carbon-centered radical cyclization of N-propargyl indoles with α-keto acids to form acylated pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles involving difunctionalisation of the alkyne moiety with concomitant annulation is disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chada Raji Reddy
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad–500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Roshan Chandrakant Kajare
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad–500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Nagender Punna
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad–500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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23
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Yuan L, Jia CX, Qu HJ, Chi YJ, Yu HT. Does the Neophyl-like Rearrangement Play a Decisive Role in Intramolecular Cyclization of Iminyl Radicals? A Combined Quantum Chemistry and Numerical Simulation Investigation of the Cyclization Mechanism and Product Distributions of Bicyclic 2-Allyl-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1 H-inden-1-iminyl Radical and Several Iminyl Model Compounds. J Org Chem 2019; 84:2721-2731. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Cai-Xin Jia
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Jie Qu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Juan Chi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Tao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
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24
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Gharpure SJ, Padmaja, Prasath V, Shelke YG. Cascade Radical Cyclization on Alkynyl Vinylogous Carbonates for the Divergent Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Furans and Dihydrofurans. Org Lett 2019; 21:223-227. [PMID: 30582819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A single alkynyl vinylogous carbonate was elaborated to tetrasubstituted furan or dihydrofuran via a cascade inter-intramolecular radical reaction by changing the radical being added. The strategy could be used in the synthesis of polycyclic heterocycles as well as bis-furan exhibiting atropisomerism. Installation of a new furan motif on the existing one was feasible by iteration. Stannyl dihydrofuran derivative was used in Stille coupling, whereas intramolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation on the furan gave furanonaphthol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh J Gharpure
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076 , India
| | - Padmaja
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076 , India
| | - V Prasath
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076 , India
| | - Yogesh G Shelke
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076 , India
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25
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Xie X, Li P, Wang L. Synthesis of 2-Sulfonated-9H
-Pyrrolo[1,2-a
]indoles via a Ag-Promoted Cascade Sulfonation and Cyclization. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xie
- Department of Chemistry; Huaibei Normal University; 235000 Huaibei, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Department of Chemistry; Huaibei Normal University; 235000 Huaibei, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Huaibei Normal University; 235000 Huaibei, Anhui P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 200032 Shanghai P. R. China
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26
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Chen H, Liu M, Qiu G, Wu J. A Three‐Component Reaction of Aryldiazonium Tetrafluoroborates, Sulfur Dioxide, and 1‐(Prop‐2‐yn‐1‐yl)indoles under Catalyst‐Free Conditions. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Chen
- Department of ChemistryFudan University 2005 Songhu Road Shanghai 200438 People's Republic of China
| | - Mengli Liu
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and EngineeringJiaxing University 118 Jiahang Road Jiaxing 314001 People's Republic of China
| | - Guanyinsheng Qiu
- Department of ChemistryFudan University 2005 Songhu Road Shanghai 200438 People's Republic of China
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and EngineeringJiaxing University 118 Jiahang Road Jiaxing 314001 People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of ChemistryFudan University 2005 Songhu Road Shanghai 200438 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
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27
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Zhu X, Han Y, Li M, Li X, Liang Y. Copper‐Catalyzed Radical Sulfonylation of
N
‐Propargylindoles with Concomitant 1,2‐Aryl Migration. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin‐Yu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Ya‐Ping Han
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xue‐Song Li
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yong‐Min Liang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
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28
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Li Y, Chang Y, Li Y, Cao C, Yang J, Wang B, Liang D. Iron-Catalyzed exo
-Selective Synthesis of Cyanoalkyl Indolines via Cyanoisopropylarylation of Unactivated Alkenes. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Li
- Department of Chemistry; Kunming University; Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Chemistry; Kunming University; Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Yufen Li
- Department of Chemistry; Kunming University; Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Cao
- Department of Chemistry; Kunming University; Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinshuang Yang
- Department of Chemistry; Kunming University; Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Baoling Wang
- Yunnan Engineering Technology Research Center for Plastic Films; Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Deqiang Liang
- Department of Chemistry; Kunming University; Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Engineering Technology Research Center for Plastic Films; Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
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29
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Das P, Takada M, Tokunaga E, Saito N, Shibata N. Synthesis of pyridine trans-tetrafluoro-λ6-sulfane derivatives via radical addition. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00994a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pyridine-trans-SF4-alkenes or -alkanes have been synthesized for the first time via the radical addition reactions of pyridine-trans-SF4Cl to alkynes or alkenes in good to high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajwalita Das
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya 466-8555
- Japan
| | - Masahiro Takada
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya 466-8555
- Japan
| | - Etsuko Tokunaga
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya 466-8555
- Japan
| | | | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya 466-8555
- Japan
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