1
|
Kotipalli R, Mahipal Reddy T, Nanubolu JB, Reddy MS. Rhodium catalyzed sequential dual C-H annulation of 3-arylisoxazoles with 1,6-diynes to access fused naphthalenes. Org Biomol Chem 2025. [PMID: 40405804 DOI: 10.1039/d5ob00466g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2025]
Abstract
Selective dual C-H annulations with 1,n-diunsaturated systems represent a powerful tool for constructing multicyclic scaffolds in an expeditious manner. Here, we report a rhodium catalyzed sequential dual C-H annulation of 3-arylisoxazoles with 1,6-diynes for napthofused polycyclic systems. Some kinetic isotopic experiments were carried out to understand the reaction mechanism and some downstream experiments were conducted to demonstrate the potential of the methodology. The method features a broad substrate scope and scale-up capability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kotipalli
- Department of OSPC, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Habsiguda, Hyderabad 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - T Mahipal Reddy
- Department of OSPC, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Habsiguda, Hyderabad 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | | | - Maddi Sridhar Reddy
- Department of OSPC, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Habsiguda, Hyderabad 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang Z, Zhang C, Zhou P, Wang C, Liang T, Zhao S, Zhang Z. Palladium-Catalyzed Solvent-Controlled Divergent C2/C5 Site-Selective Alkynylation of Pyrrole Derivatives. J Org Chem 2025; 90:1115-1125. [PMID: 39753516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c02680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2025]
Abstract
Among the known aromatic N-heterocycles, pyrroles are significant and versatile privileged components in pharmacologically relevant molecules. Herein, we demonstrate a protocol for the selective construction of alkynylated pyrroles in a diversity-oriented fashion through divergent C2/C5 site-selective alkynylation of pyrrole derivatives by employing a palladium catalyst with two different solvent systems. In the presence of 1,4-dioxane, the C2-alkynylation process via chelation-assisted palladation is favored. However, the use of a dimethylformamide/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMF/DMSO) solvent system could override the chelation effect of a weak ester-directing group, favoring the C5-alkynylation process via electrophilic palladation. Late-stage modification of biologically relevant scaffolds and further derivatization of the products highlighted the potential utility and importance of the solvent-controlled regiodivergence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Chenjie Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Taoyuan Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Shuangliang Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Zhuan Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Das S, Datta T, Sk MA, Roy B, Nandi RK. Isoxazole group directed Rh(III)-catalyzed alkynylation using TIPS-EBX. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:6922-6927. [PMID: 38978484 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00797b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
A highly effective isoxazole directed ortho C-H alkynylation has been developed. Rhodium(III) catalyzed direct di-(and/or mono) alkynylation using a hypervalent iodine reagent (TIPS-EBX) is reported. The reaction proceeds with a wide substrate scope under benign conditions. Preliminary mechanistic studies support this chelation assisted C-H alkynylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Das
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Rd, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India.
| | - Tanmoy Datta
- Department of Chemistry, Kalyani University, Block C, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Md Abbasuddin Sk
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Rd, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India.
| | - Brindaban Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Kalyani University, Block C, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Raj K Nandi
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Rd, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Panigrahi P, Ghosh S, Khandelia T, Tripathi G, Mandal R, Patel BK. Harnessing reductive BF 2-complexation via Ru(II)-catalyzed N-O cleavage of isoxazoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:9109-9112. [PMID: 39109403 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02816c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Developed here is a highly fluorescent organic N,O bidentate BF2 complex from isoxazole in the presence of a Ru(II) catalyst. Herein, the complexation proceeds via a selective N-O cleavage of the isoxazole ring. The complex shows absorption (λmax,abs) in the range of 352-363 nm with an extinction coefficient (ε) in the range of 8000-64 000 M-1 cm-1, and fluorescence emission (λmax,em) in the range of 413-485 nm with a Stokes shift of 61-125 nm having quantum yield up to 33%. Apart from the solution state, the solid BF2 complex 2u exhibits absorption at 405 nm and strong fluorescence emission at 550 nm with a quantum yield of 26.9%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pritishree Panigrahi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Subhendu Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Tamanna Khandelia
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Gyanesh Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Raju Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Bhisma K Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tong Z, Smith PJ, Pickford HD, Christensen KE, Anderson EA. Gold-Catalyzed Cyclization of Yndiamides with Isoxazoles via α-Imino Gold Fischer Carbenes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302821. [PMID: 37767940 PMCID: PMC10947298 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Gold catalysis is an important method for alkyne functionalization. Here we report the gold-catalyzed formal [3+2] aminative cyclization of yndiamides and isoxazoles in a direct synthesis of polysubstituted diaminopyrroles, which are important motifs in drug discovery. Key to this process is the formation, and subsequent cyclization, of an α-imino gold Fischer carbene, which represents a new type of gold carbene intermediate. The reaction proceeds rapidly under mild conditions, with high regioselectivity being achieved by introducing a subtle steric bias between the nitrogen substituents on the yndiamide. DFT calculations revealed that the key to this regioselectivity was the interconversion of isomeric gold keteniminiun ions via a low-barrier π-complex transition state, which establishes a Curtin-Hammett scenario for isoxazole addition. By using benzisoxazoles as substrates, the reaction outcome could be switched to a formal [5+2] cyclization, leading to 1,4-oxazepines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Tong
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Philip J. Smith
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Helena D. Pickford
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Kirsten E. Christensen
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Edward A. Anderson
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Panigrahi P, Ghosh S, Khandelia T, Mandal R, Patel BK. Isoxazole as a nitrile synthon: en routes to the ortho-alkenylated isoxazole and benzonitrile with allyl sulfone catalyzed by Ru(II). Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10536-10539. [PMID: 37565340 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02996d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
A Ru(II) catalyzed regioselective Heck-type C-H olefination of isoxazole with unactivated allyl phenyl sulfone is revealed. The solvent DCM offers dual sp2-sp2 C-H activation via an N-directed strategy, leading to ortho-olefinated isoxazoles with exclusive E-selectivity. On the other hand, in DCE solvent, isoxazole serves as the nitrile synthon and leads to o-olefinated benzonitrile. At a higher temperature (110 °C) in DCE, after the ortho-olefination Ru(II) mediated cleavage of isoxazoles delivered the nitrile functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pritishree Panigrahi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Subhendu Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Tamanna Khandelia
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Raju Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Bhisma K Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gupta P, Madhavan S, Kapur M. Synthesis of Ferrocene 1,3-Derivatives by Distal C-H Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202305278. [PMID: 37365783 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202305278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The third position of cyclopentadienyl ring of a monosubstituted ferrocene has remained as an inaccessible chemical space for direct functionalization. Until recently, functionalizing the C(3)-position while bypassing the predominantly active C(2)-position is the most challenging task. Herein, we report a distal C-H functionalization of monosubstituted ferrocenes using an easily removable directing group with precise site-selectivity, under a PdII / mono-N-protected amino-acid ligand catalytic system. The robust synthetic protocol leads to the synthesis of ferrocene 1,3-derivatives with broad scope in olefins while functionalizing ferrocenyl methylamine in moderate to good yields via a highly strained ferrocene appended 12-membered palladacycle intermediate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Princi Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Suchithra Madhavan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Manmohan Kapur
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Das A, Sah P, Saraogi I. Dual Role of a Fluorescent Small Molecule as a Sensor and Inhibitor of Protein Fibrillation. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201309. [PMID: 36594929 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ordered fibrillar aggregates of proteins, called amyloids, are prevalent in several diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Type II diabetes. The key challenge in the treatment of such diseases is the early detection of protein fibrillation and its effective inhibition using extrinsic agents. Thus, molecules that can both detect and inhibit protein fibril formation have great diagnostic and therapeutic utility. Using insulin as a model protein, we report the dual action of an isoquinoline based molecule, named MK14 which detects and prevents insulin fibrillation. Dose dependent inhibition of insulin fibrillation by MK14 gave an IC50 value of 9 μM, and mechanistic investigations suggested that MK14 prevented the elongation of fibrils by interacting with pre-fibrillar intermediates. The fluorescence of MK14 enhanced upon binding to fibrils of insulin as well as those of α-synuclein, the protein involved in Parkinson's disease. MK14 is an environmentally sensitive fluorophore, which could also detect amorphous aggregates of insulin. The dual nature of MK14 as an inhibitor and detector of protein fibrillation makes it an attractive lead compound for monitoring and disrupting protein amyloidogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Pooja Sah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Ishu Saraogi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India.,Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Das KK, Ghosh AK, Hajra A. Late-stage ortho-C-H alkenylation of 2-arylindazoles in aqueous medium by Manganese(i)-catalysis. RSC Adv 2022; 12:19412-19416. [PMID: 35865587 PMCID: PMC9251645 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03547b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Earth-abundant and water-tolerant manganese(i) catalyzed alkenylation of 2-arylindazole with alkyl and aryl alkynes through C–H bond activation is described with a unique level of E-selectivity. The reaction proceeds through the control of C3 nucleophilicity of 2-aryl indazoles. This method is applied to the late-stage functionalization of complex molecules including ethinylestradiol, norethisterone, and N-protected amino acid derivatives. The kinetic isotope studies suggest that the C–H bond activation step may not be the rate-determining step. Earth-abundant and water-tolerant manganese(i) catalyzed alkenylation of 2-arylindazole with alkyl and aryl alkynes through C–H bond activation is described with a unique level of E-selectivity.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kanta Das
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University) Santiniketan, 731235 West Bengal India
| | - Asim Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University) Santiniketan, 731235 West Bengal India
| | - Alakananda Hajra
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University) Santiniketan, 731235 West Bengal India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chengming Wang
- Jinan University Chemistry 601 West Huangpu Avenue 510632 Guangzhou CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kumar P, Kapur M. Ruthenium-catalyzed oxidative coupling of vinylene carbonate with isoxazoles: access to fused anthranils. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4476-4479. [PMID: 35297924 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01048h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A ruthenium-catalyzed oxidative coupling of vinylene carbonate with isoxazoles has been developed to achieve the direct C-H formylmethylation of a diverse array of arylisoxazoles utilizing the isoxazole ring as the directing group. A simple manipulation of the established reaction conditions leads to the formation of fused-anthranils. Importantly, the vinylene carbonate functions as both a formylmethyl cation equivalent through a decarboxylation process and an acetylene equivalent. Control experiments were conducted to elucidate a plausible mechanism. This methodology is expected to provide a facile and expeditious approach for the synthesis of formylmethyl isoxazoles and fused-anthranils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462066, MP, India.
| | - Manmohan Kapur
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462066, MP, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fatahala SS, Mohamed MS, Sabry JY, Mansour YEED. Synthesis Strategies and Medicinal Value of Pyrrole and its Fused Heterocyclic Compounds. Med Chem 2022; 18:1013-1043. [PMID: 35339189 DOI: 10.2174/1573406418666220325141952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
For several decades, interest in pyrrole and pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives increases owing to their biological importance, such as anti-tumor, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-histaminic, anti-malarial, anti-Parkinson, antioxidant and anti-viral, specially recently against COVID-19. These tremendous biological features motivated scientists to discover more pyrrole and fused pyrrole derivatives, owing to the great importance of the pyrrole nucleus as a pharmacophore in many drugs, and motivated us to present this article, highlighting on the different synthetic pathways of pyrrole and its fused compounds specially pyrrolopyrimidine, as well as their medicinal value from 2017 till 2021.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar Said Fatahala
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mosaad Sayed Mohamed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jaqueline Youssef Sabry
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yara Esam El-Deen Mansour
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu L, Durai M, Doucet H. Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Regiodivergent C−H Arylations of Aryl‐Substituted Azoles. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linhao Liu
- CNRS ISCR-UMR 6226 Univ Rennes 35000 Rennes France
| | | | - Henri Doucet
- CNRS ISCR-UMR 6226 Univ Rennes 35000 Rennes France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liao XZ, Liu M, Dong L. An Approach to Vinylidenequinazolines from Isoxazoles and Dioxazolones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3741-3750. [PMID: 35089015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An effective strategy for the synthesis of vinylidenequinazolines has been efficaciously developed, which involves Rh(III)-assisted C-H amidation followed by ring-opening and intramolecular annulation. This protocol shows a straightforward way to construct diverse quinazoline units with a wide functional group compatibility from readily available isoxazoles and dioxazolones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Zhang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Man Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tsang YL, Choy PY, Leung MP, He X, Kwong FY. Recent advances in rhodium-catalysed cross-dehydrogenative-coupling between two C(sp2)-H bonds. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01948a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rhodium-catalysed cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) has received considerable attention in recent years. This modern technology has been considered as an attractive synthetic tool for selective C−C bond formation due to (1)...
Collapse
|
16
|
Ghosh S, Shilpa S, Athira C, Sunoj RB. Role of Additives in Transition Metal Catalyzed C–H Bond Activation Reactions: A Computational Perspective. Top Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-021-01527-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
17
|
Madhavan S, Keshri SK, Kapur M. Transition Metal‐Mediated Functionalization of Isoxazoles: A Review. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Suchithra Madhavan
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road Bhopal 462066, MP India
| | - Santosh Kumar Keshri
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road Bhopal 462066, MP India
| | - Manmohan Kapur
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road Bhopal 462066, MP India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zheng K, Zhou E, Zhang L, Zhang L, Yu W, Xu H, Shen C. Catalyst controlled remote C H activation of 8-aminoquinolines with NFSI for C N versus C F coupling. CATAL COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2021.106336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
|
19
|
Ghosh S, Khandelia T, Patel BK. Solvent-Switched Manganese(I)-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Distal vs Proximal C-H Alkylation of Imidazopyridine with Maleimide. Org Lett 2021; 23:7370-7375. [PMID: 34543041 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A sustainable Mn(I)-catalyzed exclusive solvent-dependent functionalization of imidazopyridine with maleimide via an electrophilic metalation at the distal (in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE)) and chelation assisted at the proximal (in tetrahydrofuran (THF)) has been developed. The strategy was successfully applied to the drug Zolimidine and a broad range of substrates, thereby reflecting the method's versatility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhendu Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Tamanna Khandelia
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Bhisma K Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati 781039, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fu L, Liu Y, Wan JP. Pd-Catalyzed Triple-Fold C(sp 2)-H Activation with Enaminones and Alkenes for Pyrrole Synthesis via Hydrogen Evolution. Org Lett 2021; 23:4363-4367. [PMID: 34013729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of NH-free pyrroles via Pd-catalyzed annulation of enaminones and alkenes is reported. With the catalysis of Pd(II), the activation of triple C(sp2)-H bonds, including one internal C(sp2)-H bond in enaminone, has been activated to provide various pyrroles. The interesting evolution of hydrogen gas from the reactions has been observed by a hydrogen detector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leiqing Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Bio-Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, P. R. China
| | - Yunyun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China
| | - Jie-Ping Wan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lugiņina J, Linden M, Bazulis M, Kumpiņš V, Mishnev A, Popov SA, Golubeva TS, Waldvogel SR, Shults EE, Turks M. Electrosynthesis of Stable Betulin‐Derived Nitrile Oxides and their Application in Synthesis of Cytostatic Lupane‐Type Triterpenoid‐Isoxazole Conjugates. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jevgeņija Lugiņina
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry RigaTechnical University P. Valdena Str.3 Riga 1007 Latvia
| | - Martin Linden
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 Mainz 55128 Germany
| | - Māris Bazulis
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry RigaTechnical University P. Valdena Str.3 Riga 1007 Latvia
| | - Viktors Kumpiņš
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry RigaTechnical University P. Valdena Str.3 Riga 1007 Latvia
| | - Anatoly Mishnev
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis Aizkraukles Str. 21 Riga 1006 Latvia
| | - Sergey A. Popov
- Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry Academician Lavrentjev Ave. 9 Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Tatiana S. Golubeva
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics Acad. Lavrentyev Ave., 10 Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 Mainz 55128 Germany
| | - Elvira E. Shults
- Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry Academician Lavrentjev Ave. 9 Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Māris Turks
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry RigaTechnical University P. Valdena Str.3 Riga 1007 Latvia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kumar P, Keshri SK, Kapur M. Ru(II)-Catalyzed, Cu(II)-mediated carbene migratory insertion in the synthesis of trisubstituted pyrroles from isoxazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3428-3433. [PMID: 33899880 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00255d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A convenient, "one-pot" synthesis of trisubstituted pyrroles via a Ru(ii)-catalyzed, Cu(ii)-mediated reaction of substituted isoxazoles with sulfonylhydrazones has been developed. A series of highly functionalized pyrroles are obtained via a synergistic formation of new C-C and C-N bonds. Mechanistic investigations were carried out to propose the plausible pathway. This protocol provides a facile and expeditious approach for the synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds bearing the pyrrole skeleton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal Bypass road, Bhopal 462066, MP, India.
| | - Santosh Kumar Keshri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal Bypass road, Bhopal 462066, MP, India.
| | - Manmohan Kapur
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal Bypass road, Bhopal 462066, MP, India.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Philkhana SC, Badmus FO, Dos Reis IC, Kartika R. Recent Advancements in Pyrrole Synthesis. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021; 53:1531-1555. [PMID: 34366491 PMCID: PMC8340853 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1706713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This review article features selected examples on the synthesis of functionalized pyrroles that were reported between 2014 and 2019. Pyrrole is an important nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycle that can be found in numerous compounds of biological and material significance. Given its vast importance, pyrrole continues to be an attractive target for the development of new synthetic reactions. The contents of this article are organized by the starting materials, which can be broadly classified into four different types: substrates bearing π-systems, substrates bearing carbonyl and other polar groups, and substrates bearing heterocyclic motifs. Brief discussions on plausible reaction mechanisms for most transformations are also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satish Chandra Philkhana
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Fatimat O Badmus
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Isaac C Dos Reis
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Rendy Kartika
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sahoo S, Pal S. Rapid Access to Benzimidazo[1,2- a]quinoline-Fused Isoxazoles via Pd(II)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Cross Dehydrogenative Coupling: Synthetic Versatility and Photophysical Studies. J Org Chem 2021; 86:4081-4097. [PMID: 33626283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
An efficient and atom-economical palladium-catalyzed intramolecular cross dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction has been developed for the construction of highly π-conjugated benzimidazo[1,2-a]quinoline-fused isoxazole scaffolds using molecular oxygen as sole oxidant. The approach portrayed wide substrate scope with good functional group tolerance and depicted a useful tool for the generation of fluorescence active compounds with high quantum yield. Synthetic versatility of the method via Fe-catalyzed reductive isoxazole ring cleavage toward pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazole fused heteropolycyclic compounds has been showcase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Sahoo
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Shantanu Pal
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul, Odisha 752050, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhao K, Du Y, Peng Q, Yu WH, Wang BQ, Feng C, Xiang SK. Regiodivergent C-H Arylation of Triphenylene Derivatives Controlled by Electronic Effects of Diaryliodonium Salts. J Org Chem 2021; 86:2986-2997. [PMID: 33481590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A regiodivergent C-H arylation of triphenylene derivatives with diaryliodonium salts was developed. The regiodivergence was controlled by electronic effects of diaryliodonium salts. When the aryl(mesityl)iodonium salts bearing strong electron-donating groups at the para-position of aryl groups were used, the arylation reactions occurred ortho to amide groups. However, if the aryl(mesityl)iodonium salts bearing electron-withdrawing groups or weak electron-donating groups at the para-position of aryl groups were utilized, the arylation reactions occurred meta to amide groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Yu Du
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Qiong Peng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Wen-Hao Yu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Bi-Qin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Chun Feng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Shi-Kai Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ali W, Prakash G, Maiti D. Recent development in transition metal-catalysed C-H olefination. Chem Sci 2021; 12:2735-2759. [PMID: 34164039 PMCID: PMC8179420 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05555g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Transition metal-catalysed functionalizations of inert C-H bonds to construct C-C bonds represent an ideal route in the synthesis of valuable organic molecules. Fine tuning of directing groups, catalysts and ligands has played a crucial role in selective C-H bond (sp2 or sp3) activation. Recent developments in these areas have assured a high level of regioselectivity in C-H olefination reactions. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress in the oxidative olefination of sp2 and sp3 C-H bonds with special emphasis on distal, atroposelective, non-directed sp2 and directed sp3 C-H olefination. The scope, limitation, and mechanism of various transition metal-catalysed olefination reactions have been described briefly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wajid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra-400076 India
| | - Gaurav Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra-400076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra-400076 India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhu S, Dou L, Zhang J, Wu Y, Yang W, Lu H, Wei C, Deng C, Dong Q. Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Dihydrofuran-Fused [60]Fullerene Derivatives via Heteroannulation of Olefins. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202011015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
28
|
Wang YY, Liu M, Dong L. Rh(iii)-Catalyzed multi-site-selective C–H bond functionalization: condition-controlled synthesis of diverse fused polycyclic benzimidazole derivatives. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00104c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multi-site-selective C–H activation: Diverse novel fused polycyclic- and multi-substituted 2-oxyl naphthalene benzimidazole derivatives were selectively synthesized via Rh(iii)-catalyzed tandem C–H activation/cyclization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Man Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
He JP, Zhan ZZ, Luo N, Zhang MM, Huang GS. Direct synthesis of 2,3,5-trisubstituted pyrroles via copper-mediated one-pot multicomponent reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:9831-9835. [PMID: 33245315 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01952f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a copper-mediated one-pot synthesis of 2,3,5-trisubstituted pyrroles from 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and acrylates using ammonium acetate as a nitrogen source. The reaction achieves C-C and C-N bond formation and provides an efficient approach to access highly functionalized pyrroles without further raw material preparation. This method is operationally simple, compatible with a wide range of functional groups, and provides the target products in moderate to good yields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping He
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Liu H. The synthesis of pyrrole from C4‐olefinated isoxazole catalyzed by ruthenium: A density functional theory study. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nguyen KX, Pham PH, Nguyen TT, Yang CH, Pham HTB, Nguyen TT, Wang H, Phan NTS. Trisulfur-Radical-Anion-Triggered C(sp 2)-H Amination of Electron-Deficient Alkenes. Org Lett 2020; 22:9751-9756. [PMID: 33261315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A trisulfur-radical-anion (S3̇-)-triggered C(sp2)-H amination of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl derivatives with simple amines has been demonstrated. This protocol provides convenient access to a variety of synthetically valuable N-unprotected and secondary β-enaminones with absolute Z selectivity and tertiary β-enaminones with E selectivity. Mechanistic probe and electronic structure theory calculations suggest that S3̇- initiates the nucleophilic attacks via a thiirane intermediate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khang X Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuc H Pham
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thao T Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Tra Vinh University, 126 Nguyen Thien Thanh, Ward 5, Tra Vinh City, Tra Vinh Province, Vietnam
| | - Chou-Hsun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado 80204, United States
| | - Hoai T B Pham
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado 80204, United States
| | - Tung T Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Haobin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado 80204, United States
| | - Nam T S Phan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen S, Ranjan P, Voskressensky LG, Van der Eycken EV, Sharma UK. Recent Developments in Transition-Metal Catalyzed Direct C-H Alkenylation, Alkylation, and Alkynylation of Azoles. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25214970. [PMID: 33121108 PMCID: PMC7662665 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The transition metal-catalyzed C–H bond functionalization of azoles has emerged as one of the most important strategies to decorate these biologically important scaffolds. Despite significant progress in the C–H functionalization of various heteroarenes, the regioselective alkylation and alkenylation of azoles are still arduous transformations in many cases. This review covers recent advances in the direct C–H alkenylation, alkylation and alkynylation of azoles utilizing transition metal-catalysis. Moreover, the limitations of different strategies, chemoselectivity and regioselectivity issues will be discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Chen
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (S.C.); (P.R.)
| | - Prabhat Ranjan
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (S.C.); (P.R.)
| | - Leonid G. Voskressensky
- Organic Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya street 6, RU-117198 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Erik V. Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (S.C.); (P.R.)
- Organic Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya street 6, RU-117198 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence: (E.V.V.d.E.); (U.K.S.)
| | - Upendra K. Sharma
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (S.C.); (P.R.)
- Correspondence: (E.V.V.d.E.); (U.K.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kumar P, Kapur M. Unusual Reactivity of 4-Vinyl Isoxazoles in the Copper-Mediated Synthesis of Pyridines, Employing DMSO as a One-Carbon Surrogate. Org Lett 2020; 22:5855-5860. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, MP, India
| | - Manmohan Kapur
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, MP, India
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhang J, Han L, Bi S, Liu T. Distinct Roles of Ag(I) and Cu(II) as Cocatalysts in Achieving Positional-Selective C-H Alkenylation of Isoxazoles: A Theoretical Investigation. J Org Chem 2020; 85:8387-8396. [PMID: 32490669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
For C-H alkenylation of aryl-substituted diarylisoxazoles, one mode is N-directed C-H alkenylation and the other is C-H alkenylation in the isoxazole ring. In this study, selective C-H alkenylations of 3,5-diarylisoxazoles have been investigated theoretically with the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. With Cp*RhIII as the catalyst, the N-directed C-H alkenylation is preferred as a result of the stronger interaction energy caused by the nitrogen-directing effect. With Pd(OAc)2 as the catalyst and Ag2CO3 as the cocatalyst, their combination switches the regioselectivity to the C-H alkenylation in the isoxazole ring. The strong structural distortion involved in the competing N-directed olefin insertion transition state was found to suppress N-directed C-H alkenylation. With Pd(OAc)2 as the catalyst and Cu(OTf)2 as the cocatalyst, the N-directed C-H alkenylation becomes preferred due to the strong coordination of the nitrogen atom to the copper center. In particular, the structural and mechanistic information involved in the above two heterodimetallic Pd/Ag and Pd/Cu catalytic systems will help toward understanding and designing novel relevant heterodimetallic-catalyzed reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jining University, Qufu 273155, Shandong, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Lingli Han
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jining University, Qufu 273155, Shandong, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Siwei Bi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jining University, Qufu 273155, Shandong, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kumar P, Kapur M. Ruthenium(II)‐ and Copper(II)‐Mediated Synthesis of Trisubstituted Pyrroles from Isoxazoles and Acrylate Esters. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Kumar
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri Bhopal 462066, MP India
| | - Manmohan Kapur
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri Bhopal 462066, MP India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yang W, Liu X, Leung P, Li Y, Yang D, Chen Y. Iron‐Mediated Ring‐Opening and Rearrangement Cascade Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyrroles from 4‐Alkenylisoxazoles. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yang
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryQueens College of the City University of New York 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Queens New York 11367 USA
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, College of ChemistrySouth China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryQueens College of the City University of New York 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Queens New York 11367 USA
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, TheGraduate Center of the City University of New York 365 Fifth Ave. New York, New York 10016 USA
| | - Pak‐Hing Leung
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Yongxin Li
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Dingqiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, College of ChemistrySouth China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryQueens College of the City University of New York 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Queens New York 11367 USA
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, TheGraduate Center of the City University of New York 365 Fifth Ave. New York, New York 10016 USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Xu F, Song YY, Zhu WJ, Liu CS, Lu YZ, Du M. Rhodium-catalyzed multiple C–H activation/highlymeta-selective C–H amination between amidines and alkynes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11227-11230. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04885b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A tandem process of multiple C–H activation, intermolecular highlymeta-selective C–H amination, and intramolecular C–H amination between amidines and alkynes has been developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Xu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou 450002
- China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Song
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou 450002
- China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou 450002
- China
| | - Chun-Sen Liu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou 450002
- China
| | - Ya-Zhou Lu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou 450002
- China
| | - Miao Du
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou 450002
- China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Das R, Khot NP, Deshpande AS, Kapur M. Catalyst Control in Switching the Site Selectivity of C-H Olefinations of 1,2-Dihydroquinolines: An Approach to Positional-Selective Functionalization of Quinolines. Chemistry 2019; 26:927-938. [PMID: 31625636 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A unique approach to achieve site-selective C-H olefinations exclusively at the C-3- or C-8-positions in the quinoline framework has been developed by catalyst control. Distal C(3)-H functionalization is achieved by using palladium catalysis, whereas proximal C(8)-H functionalization is obtained by employing ruthenium catalysis. Switching the site selectivity within a single substrate directly indicates two diverse pathways, which are operating under the palladium- and ruthenium-catalyzed reaction conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riki Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institution of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India.,Present address: Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455-0431, USA
| | - Nandkishor Prakash Khot
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institution of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Akanksha Santosh Deshpande
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institution of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Manmohan Kapur
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institution of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Koo H, Kim HY, Oh K. Continuous Flow Synthesis of Isoxazoles via Vinyl Azides from Friedel–Crafts Acylation of Alkynes: A Modulated Troubleshooting Optimization Approach. Org Lett 2019; 21:10063-10068. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyungmo Koo
- Center for Metareceptome Research, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Young Kim
- Center for Metareceptome Research, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsoo Oh
- Center for Metareceptome Research, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kim H, Thombal RS, Khanal HD, Lee YR. Rhodium(iii)-catalyzed regioselective distal ortho C–H alkenylation of N-benzyl/furanylmethylpyrazoles directed by N-coordinating heterocycles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:13402-13405. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc06758b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rhodium(iii)-catalyzed C–H functionalization of challenging N-benzylpyrazoles, N-benzylindazoles, N-benzylbenzotriazoles and N-furanylmethylpyrazoles with acrylates, vinylsulfone or vinylphosphonate for ortho-alkenylated heterocycles is described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan 38541
- Republic of Korea
| | - Raju S. Thombal
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan 38541
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hari Datta Khanal
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan 38541
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan 38541
- Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|