1
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Adamek J, Marek-Urban PH, Woźniak K, Durka K, Luliński S. Highly electron-deficient 3,6-diaza-9-borafluorene scaffolds for the construction of luminescent chelate complexes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12133-12142. [PMID: 37969585 PMCID: PMC10631248 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03876a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of two fluorinated 3,6-diaza-9-hydroxy-9-borafluorene oxonium acids featuring improved hydrolytic stability and the strong electron-deficient character of the diazaborafluorene core is reported. These boracycles served as precursors of fluorescent spiro-type complexes with (O,N)-chelating ligands which revealed specific properties such as delayed emission, white light emission in the solid state and photocatalytic performance in singlet oxygen-mediated oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Adamek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Paulina H Marek-Urban
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Krzysztof Woźniak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Krzysztof Durka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Sergiusz Luliński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
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2
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Prey SE, Gilmer J, Teichmann SV, Čaić L, Wenisch M, Bolte M, Virovets A, Lerner HW, Fantuzzi F, Wagner M. Synthesis, bridgehead functionalization, and photoisomerization of 9,10-diboratatriptycene dianions. Chem Sci 2023; 14:5316-5322. [PMID: 37234897 PMCID: PMC10207881 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00555k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
9,10-Diboratatriptycene salts M2[RB(μ-C6H4)3BR] (R = H, Me; M+ = Li+, K+, [n-Bu4N]+) have been synthesized via [4 + 2] cycloaddition between doubly reduced 9,10-dihydro-9,10-diboraanthracenes M2[DBA] and benzyne, generated in situ from C6H5F and C6H5Li or LiN(i-Pr)2. [HB(μ-C6H4)3BH]2- reacts with CH2Cl2 to form quantitatively the bridgehead-derivatized [ClB(μ-C6H4)3BCl]2-, while twofold H- abstraction with B(C6F5)3 in the presence of SMe2 leads cleanly to the diadduct (Me2S)B(μ-C6H4)3B(SMe2). Photoisomerization of K2[HB(μ-C6H4)3BH] (THF, medium-pressure Hg lamp) provides facile access to diborabenzo[a]fluoranthenes, a little explored form of boron-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. According to DFT calculations, the underlying reaction mechanism consists of three main steps: (i) photoinduced di-π-borate rearrangement, (ii) "walk reaction" of a BH unit, and (iii) boryl anion-like C-H activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven E Prey
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Jannik Gilmer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Samira V Teichmann
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Luis Čaić
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Mischa Wenisch
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Alexander Virovets
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Hans-Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent Park Wood Rd Canterbury CT2 7NH UK
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
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3
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Chen Q, Zheng X, Guo F, Liang K, Zhou F. Transition-Metal-Free Addition of Dialkyl Phosphites to Phthalazin-2-ium Bromide: Synthesis of α-Aminophosphonate Analogues. J Org Chem 2021; 86:18278-18286. [PMID: 34870429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
α-Aminophosphonate analogues containing a phthalazine skeleton were efficiently obtained by a new transition-metal-free addition of dialkyl phosphites to phthalazin-2-ium bromide under mild conditions. A mechanistic study using isotope labeling and radical inhibition experiment revealed that the present transformation passes through a nucleophilic addition of dialkyl phosphates, rather than an insertion of P-H to carbenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, College of Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Xuanming Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Fang Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Kun Liang
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, College of Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Fanrui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, College of Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
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4
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Beeck S, Ahles S, Wegner HA. Orthogonal Catalysis for an Enantioselective Domino Inverse-Electron Demand Diels-Alder/Substitution Reaction. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202104085. [PMID: 34813113 PMCID: PMC9299787 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
An enantioselective domino process for the synthesis of substituted 1,2‐dihydronaphthalenes has been developed by the combination of chiral amines and a bidentate Lewis acid in an orthogonal catalysis. This new method is based on an inverse electron‐demand Diels−Alder and a subsequent group exchange reaction. An enamine is generated in situ from an aldehyde and a chiral secondary amine catalyst that reacts with phthalazine, activated by the coordination to a bidentate Lewis acid catalyst. The absolute configuration of the product is controlled by chiral information provided by the amine. The formed ortho‐quinodimethane intermediate is then transformed via a group exchange reaction with thiols. The new method shows a broad scope and tolerates a wide range of functional groups with enantiomeric ratios up to 91 : 9. All‐in‐all, this enantioselective synthesis tool provides an easy access to complex 1,2‐dihydronaphthalenes starting from readily available phthalazine, aldehydes and thiols in a combinatorial way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Beeck
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ahles
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hermann A Wegner
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Justus Liebig University Giessen, Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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5
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Mari G, Corrieri M, De Crescentini L, Favi G, Santeusanio S, Mantellini F. FeCl
3
‐Catalyzed Formal [3+2] Cyclodimerization of 4‐Carbonyl‐1,2‐diaza‐1,3‐dienes. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Mari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences Section of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies University of Urbino “Carlo Bo” Via I Maggetti 24 61029 Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Matteo Corrieri
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences Section of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies University of Urbino “Carlo Bo” Via I Maggetti 24 61029 Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Lucia De Crescentini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences Section of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies University of Urbino “Carlo Bo” Via I Maggetti 24 61029 Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Gianfranco Favi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences Section of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies University of Urbino “Carlo Bo” Via I Maggetti 24 61029 Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Stefania Santeusanio
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences Section of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies University of Urbino “Carlo Bo” Via I Maggetti 24 61029 Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Fabio Mantellini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences Section of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies University of Urbino “Carlo Bo” Via I Maggetti 24 61029 Urbino (PU) Italy
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6
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Strauss MA, Kohrs D, Ruhl J, Wegner HA. Mechanistic Study of Domino Processes Involving the Bidentate Lewis Acid Catalyzed Inverse Electron‐Demand Diels−Alder Reaction. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A. Strauss
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa) Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Daniel Kohrs
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa) Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Julia Ruhl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa) Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Hermann A. Wegner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa) Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 35392 Giessen Germany
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7
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Ruhl J, Ahles S, Strauss MA, Leonhardt CM, Wegner HA. Synthesis of Medium-Sized Carbocycles via a Bidentate Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Inverse Electron-Demand Diels-Alder Reaction Followed by Photoinduced Ring-Opening. Org Lett 2021; 23:2089-2093. [PMID: 33629862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The combination of a Lewis acid-catalyzed inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction with a photoinduced ring-opening (PIRO) reaction in a domino process has been established as an efficient synthetic method to access medium-sized carbocycles. From readily available electron-rich and electron-poor phthalazines and enamines, respectively, as starting materials, various 9- and 11-membered carbocycles were prepared. This versatile transition-metal-free tool will be valuable for broadening the structural space in biologically active compounds and functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ruhl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ahles
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Marcel A Strauss
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Christopher M Leonhardt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Hermann A Wegner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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8
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Chen Q, Luo M, Guo F, Liang K, Zhou F, Gao G. An Addition of Terminal Alkynes to Phthalazin‐2‐Ium Bromide Catalyzed by Copper. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, College of Chemical EngineeringSouthwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, College of Chemical EngineeringSouthwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjian Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Liang
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, College of Chemical EngineeringSouthwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China
| | - Fanrui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, College of Chemical EngineeringSouthwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China
| | - Guolin Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 People's Republic of China
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