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Ye C, Zhao L, Yang S, Li X. Recent Research on Preparation and Application of Smart Joule Heating Fabrics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309027. [PMID: 38072784 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Multifunctional wearable heaters have attracted much attention for their effective applications in personal thermal management and medical therapy. Compared to passive heating, Joule heating offers significant advantages in terms of reusability, reliable temperature control, and versatile coupling. Joule-heated fabrics make wearable electronics smarter. This review critically discusses recent advances in Joule-heated smart fabrics, focusing on various fabrication strategies based on material-structure synergy. Specifically, various applicable conductive materials with Joule heating effect are first summarized. Subsequently, different preparation methods for Joule heating fabrics are compared, and then their various applications in smart clothing, healthcare, and visual indication are discussed. Finally, the challenges faced in developing these smart Joule heating fabrics and their possible solutions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfa Ye
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Longqi Zhao
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Sihui Yang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
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2
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Moazzami Goudarzi Z, Zaszczyńska A, Kowalczyk T, Sajkiewicz P. Electrospun Antimicrobial Drug Delivery Systems and Hydrogels Used for Wound Dressings. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:93. [PMID: 38258102 PMCID: PMC10818291 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Wounds and chronic wounds can be caused by bacterial infections and lead to discomfort in patients. To solve this problem, scientists are working to create modern wound dressings with antibacterial additives, mainly because traditional materials cannot meet the general requirements for complex wounds and cannot promote wound healing. This demand is met by material engineering, through which we can create electrospun wound dressings. Electrospun wound dressings, as well as those based on hydrogels with incorporated antibacterial compounds, can meet these requirements. This manuscript reviews recent materials used as wound dressings, discussing their formation, application, and functionalization. The focus is on presenting dressings based on electrospun materials and hydrogels. In contrast, recent advancements in wound care have highlighted the potential of thermoresponsive hydrogels as dynamic and antibacterial wound dressings. These hydrogels contain adaptable polymers that offer targeted drug delivery and show promise in managing various wound types while addressing bacterial infections. In this way, the article is intended to serve as a compendium of knowledge for researchers, medical practitioners, and biomaterials engineers, providing up-to-date information on the state of the art, possibilities of innovative solutions, and potential challenges in the area of materials used in dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (Z.M.G.); (A.Z.); (P.S.)
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3
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Hu Y, Yu S, Wei B, Yang D, Ma D, Huang S. Stimulus-responsive nonclose-packed photonic crystals: fabrications and applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:3895-3928. [PMID: 37448235 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00877k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Stimulus-responsive photonic crystals (PCs) possessing unconventional nonclosely packed structures have received growing attention due to their unique capability of mimicking the active structural colors of natural organisms (for example, chameleons' mechanochromic properties). However, there is rarely any systematic review regarding the progress of nonclose-packed photonic crystals (NPCs), involving their fabrication, working mechanisms, and applications. Herein, a comprehensive review of the fundamental principles and practical fabrication strategies of one/two/three-dimensional NPCs is summarized from the perspective of designing nonclose-packed structures. Subsequently, responsive NPCs with exciting functions and working mechanisms are sorted and delineated according to their diverse responses to physical (force, temperature, magnetic, and electric fields), chemical (ions, pH, vapors, and solvents), and biological (glucose, organophosphate, creatinine, and bacteria) stimuli. We then systematically introduced and discussed the applications of NPCs in sensors, printing, anticounterfeiting, display, optical devices, etc. Finally, the current challenges and development prospects for NPCs are presented. This review not only concludes the design principle for NPCs but also provides a significant basis for the exploration of next-generation NPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage Devices, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Siyi Yu
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage Devices, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Boru Wei
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage Devices, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Dongpeng Yang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage Devices, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Dekun Ma
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, P. R. China
| | - Shaoming Huang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage Devices, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
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Zhu H, Zheng J, Oh XY, Chan CY, Low BQL, Tor JQ, Jiang W, Ye E, Loh XJ, Li Z. Nanoarchitecture-Integrated Hydrogel Systems toward Therapeutic Applications. ACS NANO 2023; 17:7953-7978. [PMID: 37071059 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels, as one of the most feasible soft biomaterials, have gained considerable attention in therapeutic applications by virtue of their tunable properties including superior patient compliance, good biocompatibility and biodegradation, and high cargo-loading efficiency. However, hydrogel application is still limited by some challenges like inefficient encapsulation, easy leakage of loaded cargoes, and the lack of controllability. Recently, nanoarchitecture-integrated hydrogel systems were found to be therapeutics with optimized properties, extending their bioapplication. In this review, we briefly presented the category of hydrogels according to their synthetic materials and further discussed the advantages in bioapplication. Additionally, various applications of nanoarchitecture hybrid hydrogels in biomedical engineering are systematically summarized, including cancer therapy, wound healing, cardiac repair, bone regeneration, diabetes therapy, and obesity therapy. Last, the current challenges, limitations, and future perspectives in the future development of nanoarchitecture-integrated flexible hydrogels are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houjuan Zhu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jie Zheng
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xin Yi Oh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Chui Yu Chan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Beverly Qian Ling Low
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jia Qian Tor
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wenbin Jiang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Enyi Ye
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117574, Republic of Singapore
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Flexible polymeric patch based nanotherapeutics against non-cancer therapy. Bioact Mater 2022; 18:471-491. [PMID: 35415299 PMCID: PMC8971585 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible polymeric patches find widespread applications in biomedicine because of their biological and tunable features including excellent patient compliance, superior biocompatibility and biodegradation, as well as high loading capability and permeability of drug. Such polymeric patches are classified into microneedles (MNs), hydrogel, microcapsule, microsphere and fiber depending on the formed morphology. The combination of nanomaterials with polymeric patches allows for improved advantages of increased curative efficacy and lowered systemic toxicity, promoting on-demand and regulated drug administration, thus providing the great potential to their clinic translation. In this review, the category of flexible polymeric patches that are utilized to integrate with nanomaterials is briefly presented and their advantages in bioapplications are further discussed. The applications of nanomaterials embedded polymeric patches in non-cancerous diseases were also systematically reviewed, including diabetes therapy, wound healing, dermatological disease therapy, bone regeneration, cardiac repair, hair repair, obesity therapy and some immune disease therapy. Alternatively, the limitations, latest challenges and future perspectives of such biomedical therapeutic devices are addressed. The most explored polymeric patches, such as microneedle, hydrogel, microsphere, microcapsule, and fiber are summarized. Polymeric patches integrated with a diversity of nanomaterials are systematically overviewed in non-cancer therapy. The future prospective for the development of polymeric patch based nanotherapeutics is discussed.
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Li Y, Liu Y, Peng B, Li X, Fang T, Liu S, Liu J, Li B, Li F. Stretchable, conductive, breathable and moisture-sensitive e-skin based on CNTs/graphene/GelMA mat for wound monitoring. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 143:213172. [PMID: 36343392 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Deep skin wound needs a long wound healing process, in which external force on skin around wound can result in a sharp pain, wound re-damage and interstitial fluid flowing out, increasing the risk of deterioration and even amputation. While the conventional wound dressings cannot provide timely feedback of abnormal wound status and lose best time for wound treatment, real-time monitoring wound status is thus urgently needed for wound management. In this work, a breathable and stretchable electronic skin (i.e., e-skin) named CNTs/graphene/GelMA mat has been developed through electrospinning, ice-templating and in-situ loading method for evaluating wound status. The obtained porosity, swelling ratio and vapor transmission rate of the CNTs/graphene/GelMA mat are 55 %, 180 % and 3378.2 h-1 day-1, respectively. And owing to the good porous, nanofibrous architecture and excellent breathability of the mat, L929 cells grow and well spread on the CNTs/graphene/GelMA mat. In addition, the gauge factors of the prepared conductive CNTs/graphene/GelMA mat as a strain sensor are 15.4 and 72.9 in the strain ranges of 0-70 % and 70-85 %, respectively, matching the mechanical performance of human skin. The sensitivity coefficient of the mat for moisture sensing is 12.05, indicating its high efficiency for monitoring and warning interstitial fluid outflow from wound. Furthermore, the integration of CNTs/graphene/GelMA mat with a portable device is feasible to monitor strain and moisture on a rat model with abdominal wound. The healing process of the wounds treated with CNTs/graphene/GelMA mat is similar to that of GelMA mat, indicating that the dosage of CNTs and graphene in the CNTs/graphene/GelMA mat has negligible effect on the mat histocompatibility. The CNTs/graphene/GelMA mat demonstrates the application potential in wound management, home medical diagnosis and human-machine interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Li
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China; Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Center for Flexible Electronics, School of Microelectronics, Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, P. R. China
| | - Yannan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Bo Peng
- Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis & Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Center for Flexible Electronics, School of Microelectronics, Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, P. R. China
| | - Tianshu Fang
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jiachen Liu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Bo Li
- State key Laboratory for Manufacturing Engineering System, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory for Intelligent Robots, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Fei Li
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
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Li P, Sun Z, Wang R, Gong Y, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Liu X, Zhou X, Ouyang J, Chen M, Hou C, Chen M, Tao G. Flexible thermochromic fabrics enabling dynamic colored display. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2022; 15:40. [PMID: 36637557 PMCID: PMC9756210 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-022-00042-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Color-changeable fibers can provide diverse functions for intelligent wearable devices such as novel information displays and human-machine interfaces when woven into fabric. This work develops a low-cost, effective, and scalable strategy to produce thermochromic fibers by wet spinning. Through a combination of different thermochromic microcapsules, flexible fibers with abundant and reversible color changes are obtained. These color changes can be clearly observed by the naked eye. It is also found that the fibers exhibit excellent color-changing stability even after 8000 thermal cycles. Moreover, the thermochromic fibers can be fabricated on a large scale and easily woven or implanted into various fabrics with good mechanical performance. Driven by their good mechanical and physical characteristics, applications of thermochromic fibers in dynamic colored display are demonstrated. Dynamic quick response (QR) code display and recognition are successfully realized with thermochromic fabrics. This work well confirms the potential applications of thermochromic fibers in smart textiles, wearable devices, flexible displays, and human-machine interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Sport and Health Initiative, Optical Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhihui Sun
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Sport and Health Initiative, Optical Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Sport and Health Initiative, Optical Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yuchen Gong
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yingting Zhou
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Sport and Health Initiative, Optical Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xianjun Zhou
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Sport and Health Initiative, Optical Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ju Ouyang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Sport and Health Initiative, Optical Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Mingzhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chong Hou
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Sport and Health Initiative, Optical Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- School of Optics and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Min Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Sport and Health Initiative, Optical Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Guangming Tao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Sport and Health Initiative, Optical Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Huang L, Zeng R, Xu J, Tang D. Point-of-Care Immunoassay Based on a Multipixel Dual-Channel Pressure Sensor Array with Visual Sensing Capability of Full-Color Switching and Reliable Electrical Signals. Anal Chem 2022; 94:13278-13286. [PMID: 36097964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The point-of-care (POC) method with affordability and portability for the sensitive detection of biological substances is an emerging topic in rapid disease screening and personalized medicine. In this work, we demonstrated a diverse responsive platform based on a dual-channel pressure sensor (DCPS). The DCPS had a multilayer flexible architecture consisting of a photonic hydrogel with chromatic transitions and a piezoresistive pressure sensor as the electrical data transmission unit, both of which had the property of pressure-induced mechanical stimulus feedback. By incorporating a platinum nanoparticles-labeled detection antibody (PtNPs-dAb) into the sandwich-type immunoreaction for the target carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA, as a model analyte), gas decomposition could be triggered by the addition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to induce a significant increase under pressure in a closed chamber. Meanwhile, the DCPS enabled an accurate electrical signal output, and the photonic hydrogel converted spatiotemporal stimuli into eye-readable colorations with string brilliance. In this way, the target concentration could be quantificationally related to the electrical response and intuitively perceived through visible color alterations. Under optimal conditions, a sensitive determination of CEA was performed in a detectable range of 0.3-60 ng/mL with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.13 ng/mL. In addition, the proposed protocol had satisfactory selectivity, accuracy, and reproducibility. Furthermore, an array-based immunoassay device was fabricated to conceptually validate its application potential in high-throughput biomedical detection and inspire a dual-signal POC diagnostic platform in a friendly way for resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingting Huang
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruijin Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Xu
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianping Tang
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
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Pashameah RA, AlshariefHatunH.Alsharief HH, Alaysuy O, Alfi, Abumelha HM, Habeebullah TM, El-Metwaly NM. Cotton fabrics treated with acylhydrazone-based polyviologen to create innovative multi-stimulus responsive textiles. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Tan M, Xu Y, Gao Z, Yuan T, Liu Q, Yang R, Zhang B, Peng L. Recent Advances in Intelligent Wearable Medical Devices Integrating Biosensing and Drug Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108491. [PMID: 35008128 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The primary roles of precision medicine are to perform real-time examination, administer on-demand medication, and apply instruments continuously. However, most current therapeutic systems implement these processes separately, leading to treatment interruption and limited recovery in patients. Personalized healthcare and smart medical treatment have greatly promoted research on and development of biosensing and drug-delivery integrated systems, with intelligent wearable medical devices (IWMDs) as typical systems, which have received increasing attention because of their non-invasive and customizable nature. Here, the latest progress in research on IWMDs is reviewed, including their mechanisms of integrating biosensing and on-demand drug delivery. The current challenges and future development directions of IWMDs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhong Tan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yang Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Ziqi Gao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Tiejun Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Qingjun Liu
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Rusen Yang
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xian, 710126, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Lihua Peng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, P. R. China
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11
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Yang X, Lv S, Li T, Hao S, Zhu H, Cheng Y, Li S, Song H. Dual Thermo-Responsive and Strain-Responsive Ionogels for Smart Windows and Temperature/Motion Monitoring. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:20083-20092. [PMID: 35468277 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a stretchable, dual thermo-responsive and strain-responsive ionogel has been synthesized by one-step photopolymerization. The obtained ionogel shows an ultrahigh stretchability (∼3000%), a high ionic conductivity (up to 3.1 mS/cm), and a good temperature tolerance (-40 to 300 °C). Importantly, these ionogels show an upper critical solution temperature-type phase transition with a wide tunable phase-transition temperature (17.5-42.5 °C) and reversible color/transparency switching. In particular, the as-prepared ionogel-based flexible/wearable temperature monitors and smart windows show an excellent designability and programmability, temperature modulation ability, and thermal responsiveness. Moreover, the ionogels-based strain sensors have temperature- and strain-dual responsibility and a broad strain-sensing range (1-700%), which can effectively monitor various motions. This strategy of fabricating dual thermo- and strain-responsive ionogels by using a one-step method and only one polymer holds great promise for the next generation of multifunctional stimuli-responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemeng Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Shufang Lv
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Tianci Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Hao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Hongnan Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Yan Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Shuaijie Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Hongzan Song
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
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13
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Zhang X, Ran Y, Fu Q, Ge J. Ultrafast and Irreversibly Thermochromic SiO 2 -PC/PEG Double Layer for Green Thermal Printing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106533. [PMID: 35246927 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Traditional thermochromic photonic crystal (PC) usually has a slow and reversible thermal response, which limits its application in thermal printing. Here, the authors develop a thermochromic "SiO2 -PC/PEG" double layer structure with a responding time of milliseconds for fast thermal printing. Controlled by the print-head, the polyethylene glycol (PEG) melts, infiltrates, and solidifies within the interparticle voids, which instantly and irreversibly changes the refractive index and produces the PC pattern. Multicolor printing can be realized by tuning the size and type of colloidal particles. Resolution as high as 300 DPI is achieved to print the high-resolution patterns and then the grayscale patterns based on the control of pixel densities. Different from fiber thermal paper, the "SiO2 -PC/PEG" film has no toxic bisphenol A and possesses superior light stability for keeping the images longer. It is fully compatible with the commercial printer, which provides a mature solution for fast and convenient preparation of PC patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yumei Ran
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Qianqian Fu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jianping Ge
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
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14
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Li H, Zhao G, Zhu M, Guo J, Wang C. Robust Large-Sized Photochromic Photonic Crystal Film for Smart Decoration and Anti-Counterfeiting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:14618-14629. [PMID: 35297599 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photochromic materials are widely investigated due to their vivid color transformation for many real applications. In this work, a new kind of multiangle photochromic photonic crystal (PC) material with high robustness and long durability for smart phone decoration and anticounterfeiting features is fabricated. After thermal mixing of spiropyran powder and monodisperse core-interlayer-shell (CIS) particles, a large-area and high-quality photochromic PC film has been prepared by the self-designed bending-induced ordering technique (BIOT). The spiropyran powder can be well dispersed in the order-structured PC system, so the perfect synergistic combination of photochromism and angle-dependent structure colors can be achieved. The color-switching test for the as-prepared photochromic PC film proved its excellent reversibility and stability. Because of the excellent flexibility of the photo-cross-linked PC films, they can be designed and cut into various shapes with high robustness and long durability. Interestingly, a temperature-controlled photochromic effect was found in this photochromic PC system. Therefore, the as-prepared photochromic PC films can play a significant role in the fields of smart decoration and anticounterfeiting by their unique color switching effects under different stimuli. More importantly, our work verified the feasibility of this route to prepare a series of large-sized advanced smart PC devices by adding versatile functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huateng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guowei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mengjing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jia Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Changchun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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15
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Cheng DB, Zhang XH, Chen SY, Xu XX, Wang H, Qiao ZY. Intracellular Self-Immolative Polyprodrug with Near-Infrared Light Guided Accumulation and in Vivo Visualization of Drug Release. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109528. [PMID: 34933400 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The selective accumulation and real-time monitoring of drug release at tumor site are the key bottlenecks to the clinical translation of polyprodrug. Herein, an intracellular self-immolative polyprodrug (PMTO) is exploited, which not only shows the enhanced cellular internalization and selective accumulation in tumor site under the mild hyperthermia triggered by laser irradiation, but also possesses the self-monitoring drug release ability in vivo. The polyprodrug amphiphiles are synthesized by sequential esterification reaction, and hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) serves as blocking agent. On account of the mild hyperthermia produced by PMTO under the laser irradiation at tumor site, the cell membranous permeability increases, resulting in the enhanced cellular internalization and drug accumulation in tumor. After internalized by cells, the self-immolative PMTO nanoparticles can release free mitoxantrone (MTO) in intracellular reductive environment, and ratiometric photoacoustic imaging based on distinct signals between MTO and PMTO is presented to trace the drug release in vivo. Finally, this self-monitoring polyprodrug presents significant tumor suppression efficacy, which exhibits great potential for guiding the clinical medication in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Bing Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xue-Hao Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Si-Yi Chen
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Xu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zeng-Ying Qiao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
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16
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Nematollahi MR, Montazer M, Mianehro A. Multifunctional Composite Based on Cotton Fabric and Starch‐Copper Ferrite Hydrogel Prepared through Facile Room Temperature Preparation Approach. STARCH-STARKE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Nematollahi
- Department of Textile Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology Functional Fibrous Structures & Environmental Enhancement (FFSEE) No. 424, Hafez Ave. Tehran 15875‐4413 Iran
| | - Majid Montazer
- Department of Textile Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology Functional Fibrous Structures & Environmental Enhancement (FFSEE) No. 424, Hafez Ave. Tehran 15875‐4413 Iran
| | - Ali Mianehro
- Department of Textile Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology Functional Fibrous Structures & Environmental Enhancement (FFSEE) No. 424, Hafez Ave. Tehran 15875‐4413 Iran
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17
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Zhang Z, Ji Y, Lin C, Tao L. Thermosensitive hydrogel-functionalized gold nanorod/mesoporous MnO 2 nanoparticles for tumor cell-triggered drug delivery. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 131:112504. [PMID: 34857290 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
MnO2 owns distinct redox, imaging, and degradable properties corresponding to the tumor microenvironment. However, the onefold structure and non-modifiable property cause many obstacles to anticancer applications. In this report, we first prepared a typical core-shell gold nanorod (GNR)/manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanoparticles (GNR/MnO2 NPs). Interestingly, the MnO2 had a mesoporous channel and modifiable hydroxyl group (OH). Here, the unique 'OH' groups were modified and further grafted with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (PNA). As a dual-sensitive hydrogel, it was selected as the thermal/pH-sensitive component in the hybrid nanoparticles (GNR/MnO2/PNA NPs). The anticancer drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) was selected and loaded into the hybrid nanoparticles (GNR/MnO2/PNA-DOX NPs). The GNR/MnO2/PNA NPs achieved satisfying drug-loading efficiency and glutathione (GSH)/pH/thermal-responsive drug-controlled release. As a side benefit, the GNR/MnO2/PNA NPs showed potential as excellent near-infrared (NIR)-excited nanoplatforms for photothermal therapy (PTT). Delightedly, the studies demonstrated that the GNR/MnO2/PNA-DOX NPs showed a noticeable killing effect on tumor cells, whether it is tumor cell-triggered drug release or photothermal effect. Besides, it not only could enhance mitochondrial damage but also could inhibit the migration and invasion of tumor cells. Quite the reverse, it had little negative impact on normal cells. The feature can prevent anticancer drugs and nanoparticles from killing normal cells. Consequently, GNR/MnO2/PNA NPs have potential applications in drug delivery and synergistic therapy due to these advantageous features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yuanhui Ji
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Chengqi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Li Tao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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18
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Zhang B, Wang C, Du Y, Paxton R, He X. A 'smart' aptamer-functionalized continuous label-free cell catch-transport-release system. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:7196-7204. [PMID: 34291267 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00739d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Label-free cell sorting devices are of great significance for biomedical research and clinical therapeutics. However, current platforms for label-free cell sorting cannot achieve continuity and selectivity simultaneously, resulting in complex steps and limited reliability. Here, an immunoaffinity-based cell catch-transport-release thermo-chemo-mechanical coupling hydrogel (iCatch) device is reported. It contains a temperature-responsive hydrogel that can generate spatial movement synergically with the reversible binding of affinity handle modified. The functionalized hydrogel is embedded inside a biphasic microfluidic platform to enable cell transportation between the flows. The cell sorting capability and biocompatibility of the iCatch device were validated with CCRF-CEM cells as a proof-of-concept, and CCRF-CEM-specific aptamers with thermo-responsive affinity as well as a hydrogel with temperature-dependent volume were employed accordingly. A cell catching efficiency of ∼40% and a recovery rate of ∼70% were achieved. The iCatch device provides a high-throughput (∼900 cells mm-1 s-1) platform for cell sorting and is ultimately valuable for downstream biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozhen Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Canran Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Yingjie Du
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Rebecca Paxton
- University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Ximin He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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19
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Wang Z, Liu Y, Wang Z, Huang X, Huang W. Hydrogel‐based composites: Unlimited platforms for biosensors and diagnostics. VIEW 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20200165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Nanjing China
| | - Yanlei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Nanjing China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Nanjing China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Nanjing China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Nanjing China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
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20
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Tan Y, Liu Y, Liu Y, Ma R, Luo J, Hong H, Chen X, Wang S, Liu C, Zhang Y, Chen T. Rational Design of Thermosensitive Hydrogel to Deliver Nanocrystals with Intranasal Administration for Brain Targeting in Parkinson's Disease. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2021; 2021:9812523. [PMID: 34888525 PMCID: PMC8627567 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9812523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is commonly detected in individuals suffering from Parkinson's disease (PD), presenting within the form of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation as well as energy metabolism. Overcoming this dysfunction within brain tissues is an effective approach to treat PD, while unluckily, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) substantially impedes intracerebral drug delivery. In an effort to improve the delivery of efficacious therapeutic drugs to the brain, a drug delivery platform hydrogel (MAG-NCs@Gel) was designed by complexing magnolol (MAG)-nanocrystals (MAG-NCs) into the noninvasive thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) with self-gelation. The as-prepared MAG-NCs@Gel exhibited obvious improvements in drug solubility, the duration of residence with the nasal cavity, and the efficiency of brain targeting, respectively. Above all, continuous intranasal MAG-NCs@Gel delivery enabled MAG to cross the BBB and enter dopaminergic neurons, thereby effectively alleviating the symptoms of MPTP-induced PD. Taking advantage of the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior of this delivery platform increases its viscoelasticity in nasal cavity, thus improving the efficiency of MAG-NCs transit across the BBB. As such, MAG-NCs@Gel represented an effective delivery platform capable of normalizing ROS and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the mitochondria of dopaminergic neurons, consequently reversing the mitochondrial dysfunction and enhancing the behavioral skills of PD mice without adversely affecting normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Tan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Yujing Liu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Jingshan Luo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Huijie Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xiaojia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Chuntai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Tongkai Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
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