1
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Datta A, Ritu, Kumar S, Chorol S, Mukhopadhyay P, Jain N. Oxidative Organic Transformations Photocatalyzed by NDI in Visible Light. Org Lett 2024; 26:7357-7362. [PMID: 39186013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we report the synthesis and photocatalytic properties of N,N-bis(n-hexyl)-2-bromo-6-(n-hexylamino)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic diimide photocatalyst, NDI-PC, in visible light. In the presence of air or oxidant, NDI-PC efficiently enables multiple photooxygenations of isoquinolines, thiocyanation of phenylimidazopyridines, functionalization of quinolinones by allowing regioselective installation of an SCN, SeCN, SPh, SePh, Cl, Br, or I group at the C-3 position, and isomerization of alkenes. Mechanistic investigations suggest an oxidative photoredox process for oxygenation and C-H functionalization, while isomerization is believed to proceed through a photosensitization pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Datta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institution of Technology Delhi, Delhi-110016, India
| | - Ritu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institution of Technology Delhi, Delhi-110016, India
| | - Sharvan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institution of Technology Delhi, Delhi-110016, India
| | - Sonam Chorol
- School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi-110067, India
| | - Pritam Mukhopadhyay
- School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi-110067, India
| | - Nidhi Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institution of Technology Delhi, Delhi-110016, India
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2
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Alberoni C, Pavan G, Scattolin T, Aliprandi A. Critical Aspects and Challenges in the Design of Small Molecules for Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) Application. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202400142. [PMID: 38687095 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has gained renewed interest due to the strong parallel development of luminophores in the field of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) with which this technique shares several aspects. In this perspective review we discuss the most relevant advances of the past 15 years in the study of organic and organometallic compounds as ECL emitters, by dividing them in three different classes: i) fluorescent emitters, ii) phosphorescent emitters and iii) Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) emitters; then, water-soluble organic luminophores will be also discussed. We focus on how their design, their photo- and electrochemical properties and, in particular, the nature of the emitter, affect their efficiency in ECL. Regardless of the type of luminophore or the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), the literature converges on the fact that the most determining aspect is the stability of the oxidized/reduced form of the emitter. Even if phosphorescent emitters can show outstanding efficiency, this often requires the absence of oxygen. In the case of TADFs, there is also a strong dependence of photoluminescence both in terms of PLQY and emission energy on the polarity of the media, so compounds, that appear promising in organic solvents, may be very inefficient in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Alberoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di, Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulio Pavan
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di, Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Thomas Scattolin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di, Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aliprandi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di, Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
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3
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Yuan PX, Song SS, Zhan J, Chen C, Wang AJ, Feng JJ. Self-enhanced Electrochemiluminescence Luminophore Based on Pd Nanocluster-Anchored Metal Organic Frameworks via Ion Annihilation for Sensitive Cell Assay of Human Lung Cancer. Anal Chem 2023; 95:18572-18578. [PMID: 38064592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has attracted significant interest in the analysis of cancer cells, where the ruthenium(II)-based emitter demonstrates urgency and feasibility to improve the ECL efficiency. In this work, the self-enhanced ECL luminophore was prepared by covalent anchoring of Pd nanoclusters on aminated metal organic frameworks (Pd NCs@MOFs), followed by linkage with bis(2,2'-bipyridine)-5-amino-1,10-phenanthroline ruthenium(II) (RuP). The resultant luminophore showed 214-fold self-magnification in the ECL efficiency over RuP alone, combined by promoting the interfacial photoelectron transfer. The enhanced mechanism through ion annihilation was critically proved by controlled experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Based on the above, a "signal off" ECL biosensor was built by assembly of tyrosine kinase 7 (PTK-7) aptamer (Apt) on the established sensing platform for analysis of human lung cancer cells (A549). The built sensor showed a lower detection limit of 8 cells mL-1, achieving the single-cell detection. This work reported a self-enhanced strategy for synthesis of advanced ECL emitters, combined by exploring the ECL biosensing devices in the single-cell analysis of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Xin Yuan
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Shu-Shu Song
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Jiale Zhan
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Can Chen
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Ai-Jun Wang
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Jiu-Ju Feng
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
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4
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Qin X, Yang L, Zhan Z, Cieplechowicz E, Chu K, Zhang C, Jahanghiri S, Welch GC, Ding Z. A graphene-like N-annulated perylene diimide dimer compound for highly efficient electrochemiluminescence. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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5
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Shao G, Wu M, Wang X, Zhao J, You X, Wu D, Xia J. Regiochemically Pure 1,6-Ditriflato-Perylene Diimide: Preparation and Transformation. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14825-14832. [PMID: 36261214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Preparation of regioisomerically pure 1,6-disubstituted perylene diimide (PDI) is not a trivial task owing to the lack of facile synthetic and separation methodologies for the precursors. Herein, we present a simple synthesis for 1,6-ditriflato-PDI (1,6-diOTf-PDI) using 1,6,9,10-tetrabromo-perylene monoimide 1 as the starting material. The selective methoxylation of 1 at the 1,6-position is the key step. Based on a four-step sequence of selective methoxylation, domino carbonylative amidation, demethylation, and triflation, 1,6-diOTf-PDI can be obtained in a satisfactory yield. Moreover, as a building block, 1,6-diOTf-PDIa can readily undergo Suzuki and Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mingliang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaoxiao You
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jianlong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.,School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.,International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
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6
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Luo QX, Cai YJ, Mao XL, Li YJ, Zhang CR, Liu X, Chen XR, Liang RP, Qiu JD. Tuned-Potential Covalent organic framework Electrochemiluminescence platform for lutetium analysis. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Ding J, Zhou P, Su B. Quantum efficiency of electrochemiluminescence generation by tris(2,2'‐bipyridine)ruthenium(II) and tri‐n‐propylamine revisited from a kinetic reaction model. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jialian Ding
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Ping Zhou
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Bin Su
- Zhejiang University Chemistry Yuhangtang Road 866 310058 Hangzhou CHINA
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8
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Yang L, Adsetts JR, Zhang R, Balónová B, Piqueras MT, Chu K, Zhang C, Zysman-Colman E, Blight BA, Ding Z. Determining absolute electrochemiluminescence efficiencies of two iridium complexes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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9
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Tao J, Xiao Y, Sun L, Liu J, Zeng Q, Xu H. Synthesis, optical properties and self-assemblies of three novel asymmetrical perylene diimides modified with functional hydrogen bonding groups at bay positions. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03624j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three new perylene diimides modified with functioned hydrogen bonding groups at bay positions were successfully prepared. Their optical properties and self-assemblies on HOPG were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Tao
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Yuchuan Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Lei Sun
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Qingdao Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Haijun Xu
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453002, China
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10
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Tao J, Zhang J, Song Y, Liu J, Xu HJ. Two asymmetrical perylene diimide derivatives: Synthesis, optical-electrochemical properties and morphologies of self-assembly. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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11
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Liu C, Song D, Yang Z, Wang Z, Pan P, Liu J, Yang X, Li R, Zhu Z, Xue F. Research on advanced methods of electrochemiluminescence detection combined with optical imaging analysis for the detection of sulfonamides. Analyst 2021; 146:7611-7617. [PMID: 34783798 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01275d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel method that combines electrochemiluminescence (ECL) analysis and digital image processing was developed for the detection of sulfonamides. This method is based on the ECL system of ruthenium terpyridine, with 1 mM tripropylamine as a co-reactant to enhance the performance. Under the optimal conditions comprising a solution of pH 7 and a scanning rate of 0.08 V s-1, the Pt electrode has an excellent linear detection range from 5 μM to 5 mM, with a detection limit of 0.85 μM (S/N = 3). A wireless camera is used to record the light-emitting process. The recordings are processed, and the digital images are extracted using image-processing algorithms implemented in Python to calculate the brightness value of the image, which has a linear relationship with the logarithm of the sulfonamide concentration. Image analysis simplifies and improves the stability of the ECL analysis process, while also increasing the speed of analysis. The results indicate that the method can successfully detect a sulfonamide concentration of 5 μM. Thus, the analysis method of ECL combined with image processing is feasible for the detection of sulfonamides, thereby displaying its potential applicability as a novel method in drug and food safety, for instance, for sulfonamide detection in antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxin Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Advanced Materials and Printed Electronics Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic & Communication Devices, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Dianyou Song
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Advanced Materials and Printed Electronics Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic & Communication Devices, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Zhengchun Yang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Advanced Materials and Printed Electronics Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic & Communication Devices, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Advanced Materials and Printed Electronics Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic & Communication Devices, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Peng Pan
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Advanced Materials and Printed Electronics Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic & Communication Devices, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Advanced Materials and Printed Electronics Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic & Communication Devices, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Advanced Materials and Printed Electronics Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic & Communication Devices, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Ruirui Li
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Advanced Materials and Printed Electronics Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic & Communication Devices, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Zikang Zhu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Advanced Materials and Printed Electronics Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic & Communication Devices, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Fengjun Xue
- Wuhan Running Education Research Institute, Wuhan 430000, China
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12
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Rebeccani S, Wetzl C, Zamolo VA, Criado A, Valenti G, Paolucci F, Prato M. Electrochemiluminescent immunoassay enhancement driven by carbon nanotubes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9672-9675. [PMID: 34555139 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03457j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a leading analytical technique for clinical monitoring and early disease diagnosis. Carbon nanotubes are used as efficient nanomaterials for ECL signal enhancement providing new insights into the mechanism for the ECL generation but also affording application in bead-based immunoassay and ECL microscopy-based bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rebeccani
- Department of Chemistry Giacomo Ciamician, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, Bologna 40126, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Wetzl
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | - Valeria Anna Zamolo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa, 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Alejandro Criado
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain.,Universidade da Coruña, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Rúa As Carballeiras, A Coruña, 15071, Spain.
| | - Giovanni Valenti
- Department of Chemistry Giacomo Ciamician, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, Bologna 40126, Italy.
| | - Francesco Paolucci
- Department of Chemistry Giacomo Ciamician, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, Bologna 40126, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain.,Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa, 1, Trieste 34127, Italy.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
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13
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Chen Y, Lin J, Zhang R, He S, Ding Z, Ding L. Electrochemiluminescence of water-dispersed nitrogen and sulfur doped carbon dots synthesized from amino acids. Analyst 2021; 146:5287-5293. [PMID: 34338251 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00991e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A facile one-pot hydrothermal approach for synthesizing water-dispersed nitrogen and sulfur doped carbon dots (NS-CDs) with high luminescence quantum yield was explored, using cysteine and tryptophan as precursors. The NS-CDs were characterized by means of FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD, TEM, etc. It was found that the absolute photoluminescence quantum yield (QY) of the NS-CDs determined with an integrating sphere can reach up to 73%, with an average decay time of 17.06 ns. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) behaviors and mechanisms of the NS-CDs/K2S2O8 coreactant system were investigated. When the working electrode was modified with the prepared NS-CDs, the ECL efficiency of the NS-CDs with K2S2O8 was 24%, relative to Ru(bpy)3Cl2/K2S2O8. This work shows great potential for the NS-CDs to be used in bioanalytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Chen
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China.
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14
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Liu J, Yu K, Zhang H, He J, Jiang J, Luo H. Mass spectrometric detection of fleeting neutral intermediates generated in electrochemical reactions. Chem Sci 2021; 12:9494-9499. [PMID: 34349924 PMCID: PMC8278903 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01385h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Towards the goal of on-line monitoring of transient neutral intermediates during electrochemical reactions, an electrochemistry-neutral reionization-mass spectrometry (EC-NR-MS) technique was developed in this work. The EC-NR setup consisted of a customized EC flow cell, a sonic spray ionization source, a heating tube, an ion deflector and an electrospray ionization source, which were respectively used for the precise control of the electrochemical reaction, solution nebulization, droplet desolvation, ion deflection and neutral intermediate ionization. Based on the EC-NR-MS approach, some long-sought neutral radicals including TPrA˙, DBAE˙ and TEOA˙, which belong to important reductive intermediates in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) reactions, were successfully identified which helps to clarify the previously unproven ECL reaction mechanism. These findings were also supported by spin-trapping experiments and the tandem MS technique. Accordingly, the EC-NR-MS method provides a direct solution for studying complicated electrochemical reactions, especially for detecting short-lived neutral radicals as well as ionic intermediates. An electrochemistry-neutral reionization-mass spectrometry (EC-NR-MS) technique was developed for on-line studying the long-sought neutral radicals generated in electrochemical reactions.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilin Liu
- School of Environment, School of Marine Science and Technology (Weihai), Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai Shandong 150090 China .,State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Heilongjiang 150090 China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Heilongjiang 150001 China
| | - Kai Yu
- School of Environment, School of Marine Science and Technology (Weihai), Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai Shandong 150090 China .,State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Heilongjiang 150090 China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Environment, School of Marine Science and Technology (Weihai), Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai Shandong 150090 China .,State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Heilongjiang 150090 China
| | - Jing He
- School of Environment, School of Marine Science and Technology (Weihai), Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai Shandong 150090 China .,State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Heilongjiang 150090 China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Heilongjiang 150001 China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Environment, School of Marine Science and Technology (Weihai), Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai Shandong 150090 China .,State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Heilongjiang 150090 China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Heilongjiang 150001 China
| | - Hai Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University Beijing 100871 China
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15
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Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang W, Yin P, Shang L, Ma R, Jia L, Xue Q, He S, Wang H. Lowly-aggregated perylene diimide as a near-infrared electrochemiluminescence luminophore for ultrasensitive immunosensors at low potentials. Analyst 2021; 146:3679-3685. [PMID: 33955434 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00410g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) field, most reported luminophores were focused on high-triggering potential and short wavelength, which was adverse for the ECL theory study and application at low potentials. Perylene diimide derivatives could emit near-infrared (NIR) ECL at low-triggering potential; however, they are always highly aggregated into a microrod structure and stacked together, which largely limited their application in biological fields such as bio-sensing and bio-imaging. To overcome these obstacles, we designed a novel perylene diimide molecule, namely N,N'-dicaproate sodium-3,4,9,10-perylenedicarboximide (PDI-COONa). This molecule self-assembled into a two-dimensional network nanostructure, which largely decreased the aggregation degree of PDI molecules and provided solid bases for designing lowly-aggregated PDI molecules. Also, the formed nanoluminophore produced strong emission at -0.26 V with an NIR wavelength 700 nm, which should be due to the excited J-type PDI-COO- dimers. Moreover, this network nanoluminophore well-dispersed on graphene oxide (GO) as an ECL nanomaterial to label secondary antibodies and fabricate a sandwiched immunosensor for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) detection between 0 and -0.6 V. This immunosensor showed a wider linear response for AFP ranging from 0.1 fg mL-1 to 1 μg mL-1 with a low detection limit 0.0353 fg mL-1 compared with other immunosensors based on PDI microrod-modified GO ECL materials. The fabricated immunosensor also showed good feasibility in human serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Wang
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.
| | - Yanmo Li
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.
| | - Peng Yin
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.
| | - Lei Shang
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.
| | - Rongna Ma
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.
| | - Liping Jia
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.
| | - Qingwang Xue
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.
| | - Shuijian He
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Huaisheng Wang
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.
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