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Lu Y, Wu J, Chen W, Pan H, Wang Y, Gao S, Dong H, Wang Y, Zhou J, Huang H. Magnetic field-assisted fabrication of quasi-bilayered, multi-responsive and patternable actuators. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12314-12317. [PMID: 37753591 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03613h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Quasi-bilayered actuators composed of Fe3O4-decorated graphene oxide and polyvinylidene fluoride have been fabricated in a magnetic field. The actuators could stably respond to multiple stimuli including infrared light, acetone vapour and a magnetic field. The actuator is also patternable because of the magnetism-induced spatial distribution of fillers in the matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Lu
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
| | - Jun Wu
- College of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
| | - Wenjiang Chen
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
| | - Hu Pan
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
| | - Shumei Gao
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
| | - Huichen Dong
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Hong Huang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
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Wang H, Zhang Z, Fu K, Li Y. Four-Dimensionally Printed Continuous Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Shape Memory Polymer Composites with Diverse Deformation Based on an Inhomogeneous Temperature Field. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3740. [PMID: 37765594 PMCID: PMC10537134 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Four-dimensionally printed continuous carbon fiber-reinforced shape memory polymer composite (CFSMPC) is a smart material with the ability to bear loads and undergo deformation. The deformation of CFSMPC can be driven by the electrothermal effect of carbon fibers. In this study, the effect of temperature on the shape memory recovery performance of polylactic acid (PLA) was first studied experimentally. Continuous carbon fibers were incorporated into PLA to design CFSMPCs with thickness gradients and hand-shaped structures, respectively. The distribution strategy of the carbon fibers was determined based on simulations of the electrically driven shape recovery process of the aforementioned structures. Both the simulations and experiments demonstrated that the electrification of the CFSMPC structures resulted in an inhomogeneous temperature field, leading to distinct deformation recovery processes. Eventually, a precise unfolding was achieved for the thickness gradient structure and the five fingers in the hand-shaped structure by utilizing a safe voltage of 6 V. This demonstrates that the 4D-printed CFSMPC with diverse deformations based on an inhomogeneous temperature field has potential applications in actuators, reconfigurable devices, and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Wang
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Beijing Institute of Electronic System Engineering, Beijing 100854, China
| | - Zhongsen Zhang
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Kunkun Fu
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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Park J, Shimizu Y, Zhou X, Ikura R, Matsuba G, Takashima Y. Water-Content-Dependent Switching of the Bending Behavior of Photoresponsive Hydrogels Composed of Hydrophilic Acrylamide-Based Main Chains and Hydrophobic Azobenzene. Gels 2023; 9:658. [PMID: 37623113 PMCID: PMC10453818 DOI: 10.3390/gels9080658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoresponsiveness is a promising characteristic of stimulus-responsive materials. Photoresponsiveness can be achieved by incorporating photoresponsive molecules into polymeric materials. In addition, multiple-stimuli-responsive materials have attracted scientists' interest. Among the numerous multiple-stimuli-responsive materials, moisture- and photoresponsive materials are the focus of this report. These stimuli-responsive materials responded to the stimuli synergistically or orthogonally. Unlike most stimulus-responsive materials utilizing moisture and light as stimuli, the materials studied herein switch their photoresponsiveness in the presence of moisture. Appropriate copolymers consisting of hydrophilic acrylamide-based monomers for the main chain and hydrophobic azobenzene moieties switched their bending behaviors at 6-9 wt% water contents. At water contents lower than 6 wt%, the polymeric materials bent away from the light source, while they bent toward the light source at water contents higher than 10 wt%. At a low water content, the bending behaviors can be described on the molecular scale. At a high water content, the bending behavior requires consideration of the phase scale, not only the molecular scale. By controlling the balance between hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, the switching behavior was achieved. This switching behavior may inspire additional strategies for the application of polymeric material as actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsu Park
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan (R.I.)
- Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Shimizu
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan (R.I.)
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan (R.I.)
| | - Ryohei Ikura
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan (R.I.)
- Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
| | - Go Matsuba
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Yamagata, Japan;
| | - Yoshinori Takashima
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan (R.I.)
- Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
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Wang W, Liu S, Wang S, Xiang C, Huang Y, Li M, Wang D. Silicon Distribution-Induced Actuation Film with Bidirectional Bending Deformation and Versatile Bionic Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:55264-55276. [PMID: 36464856 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As an important branch of intelligent materials, the research and development of stimulus-responsive flexible intelligent actuation materials is of great significance to promote the industrialization of intelligent materials. In this study, the asymmetric PVA-co-PE/silicon nanoparticle (PPSN) composite films and PVA-co-PE/silicon sol (PPSS) composite film with different silicon distributions were prepared by a simple spraying method. The silicon nanoparticle layer in the PPSN composite film was similar to the sand-like water-absorbing layer, which can quickly absorb water and permeate it into the interior region, leading to the hygroscopic expansion behavior on one side of the nanofiber film. Then, the PPSN composite film would quickly bend and deform to the silicon nanoparticle side. However, in the PPSS composite film, due to the excellent hygroscopicity and swelling characteristics of the silica sol layer, the composite film can be rapidly deformed to the PVA-co-PE nanofiber film side under moisture stimulation. The above results subvert the traditional asymmetric actuation film, which mainly depends on the hydrophilicity difference to determine the hygroscopic responsiveness and deformation direction, and ignore that the swelling degree is the main factor determining the bending direction of actuator. In addition, both the composite films can quickly respond to moisture stimulation (<1 s) and produce large-scale bending deformation (180°). Furthermore, due to the excellent interface adhesion formed by the continuity structure in the PPSS composite film, it has better actuation stability than the PPSN composite film. The excellent actuation characteristics and different bending directions of the PPSN and PPSS composite films make it a great application prospect in the field of bionics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products (Wuhan Textile University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Shuying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products (Wuhan Textile University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products (Wuhan Textile University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Chenxue Xiang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yangjie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products (Wuhan Textile University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Mufang Li
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products (Wuhan Textile University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products (Wuhan Textile University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430200, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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Inacker S, Fanelli J, Ivlev SI, Hampp NA. Intramolecular Coumarin-Dimer Containing Polyurethanes: Optical Tuning via Single- and Two-Photon Absorption Processes. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Inacker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Julian Fanelli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Sergei I. Ivlev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Norbert A. Hampp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
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Yang Z, Huang W, Zhang L. Multiple Responsiveness of Polymer Actuators. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200539. [PMID: 35833601 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To improve photosensitivity of polymer materials, an effective protocol is to increase the content of photosensitive moieties. However, most of photosensitive units are toxic. The high content is not acceptable for real-world applications. Therefore, achievement of photosensitive polymers with low content of photosensitive moieties but maintaining their photosensitivity remains a challenge. We herein report a protocol to address this challenge by combination of photosensitive monomers with hygroscopic monomers, where the synergistic action of two types of functional moieties can improve the photosensitivity of polymer network. Upon exposure to light irradiation, the polymer can be driven by not only the structural isomerization of photosensitive units but also the photothermal effects. This synergistic effect results in the polymer-based soft actuators capable of showing rapid response to light even at the extremely-low content of photosensitive moieties of 2.6 mol%. Importantly, the combination of hygroscopic and photosensitive moieties provides polymer with multiple responsiveness including acidochromism, humidity responsiveness, photo-hardening, shape memory, photochromism and in-situ swelling, making it useful in sensing systems, information transmission and artificial muscles. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Yang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Lidong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
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