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Xu Y, Du Y, Chen H, Chen J, Ding T, Sun D, Kim DH, Lin Z, Zhou X. Recent advances in rational design for high-performance potassium-ion batteries. Chem Soc Rev 2024. [PMID: 38855863 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00601h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The growing global energy demand necessitates the development of renewable energy solutions to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. To efficiently utilize renewable yet intermittent energy sources such as solar and wind power, there is a critical need for large-scale energy storage systems (EES) with high electrochemical performance. While lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been successfully used for EES, the surging demand and price, coupled with limited supply of crucial metals like lithium and cobalt, raised concerns about future sustainability. In this context, potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have emerged as promising alternatives to commercial LIBs. Leveraging the low cost of potassium resources, abundant natural reserves, and the similar chemical properties of lithium and potassium, PIBs exhibit excellent potassium ion transport kinetics in electrolytes. This review starts from the fundamental principles and structural regulation of PIBs, offering a comprehensive overview of their current research status. It covers cathode materials, anode materials, electrolytes, binders, and separators, combining insights from full battery performance, degradation mechanisms, in situ/ex situ characterization, and theoretical calculations. We anticipate that this review will inspire greater interest in the development of high-efficiency PIBs and pave the way for their future commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yichen Du
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
| | - Tangjing Ding
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Dongmei Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Dong Ha Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
| | - Xiaosi Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Wang T, He X, Zhou M, Ning J, Cao S, Chen M, Li H, Wang W, Wang K, Jiang K. In Situ Ions Induced Formation of K xF-Rich SEI Layers toward Ultrastable Life of Potassium-Ion Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2401943. [PMID: 38768943 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Engineering F-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layers is regarded as an effective strategy to enable the long-term cycling stability of potassium-ion batteries (KIBs). However, in the conventional KPF6 carbonate electrolytes, it is challenging to form F-containing SEI layers due to the inability of KPF6 to decompose into KxF. Herein, AlCl3 is employed as a novel additive to change the chemical environment of the KPF6 carbonate electrolyte. First, due to the large charge-to-radius ratio of Al3+, the Al-containing groups in the electrolyte can easily capture F from PF6 - and accelerate the formation of KxF in SEI layer. In addition, AlCl3 also reacts with trace H2O or solvents in the electrolytes to form Al2O3, which can further act as a HF scavenger. Upon incorporating AlCl3 into conventional KPF6 carbonate electrolyte, the hard carbon (HC) anode exhibits an ultra-long lifespan of 10000 cycles with a high coulombic efficiency of ≈100%. When coupled with perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA), the full cell exhibits a high capacity retention of 81% after 360 cycles-significantly outperforming cells using conventional electrolytes. This research paves new avenues for advancing electrolyte engineering towards developing durable batteries tailored for large-scale energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xin He
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jing Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Shengling Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Manlin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Haomiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Kangli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Kai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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Tan H, Lin X. Electrolyte Design Strategies for Non-Aqueous High-Voltage Potassium-Based Batteries. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020823. [PMID: 36677883 PMCID: PMC9867274 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
High-voltage potassium-based batteries are promising alternatives for lithium-ion batteries as next-generation energy storage devices. The stability and reversibility of such systems depend largely on the properties of the corresponding electrolytes. This review first presents major challenges for high-voltage electrolytes, such as electrolyte decomposition, parasitic side reactions, and current collector corrosion. Then, the state-of-the-art modification strategies for traditional ester and ether-based organic electrolytes are scrutinized and discussed, including high concentration, localized high concentration/weakly solvating strategy, multi-ion strategy, and addition of high-voltage additives. Besides, research advances of other promising electrolyte systems, such as potassium-based ionic liquids and solid-state-electrolytes are also summarized. Finally, prospective future research directions are proposed to further enhance the oxidative stability and non-corrosiveness of electrolytes for high-voltage potassium batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, 999 Jinzhou Road, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Xiuyi Lin
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence:
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Zhou M, Fan Y, Gao Y, Ma Z, Liu Z, Wang W, Younus HA, Chen Z, Wang X, Zhang S. Less is More: Trace Amount of a Cyclic Sulfate Electrolyte Additive Enable Ultra-Stable Graphite Anode for High-Performance Potassium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:44429-44438. [PMID: 36129436 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Graphite can be successfully used as an anode for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs), while its conversion to KC8 leads to huge volume expansion, destruction of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), and thus poor cycling stability. Incorporating additives into electrolytes is an economical and effective way to construct robust SEI for high-performance PIBs. Herein, we developed a series of sulfur-containing additives for PIB graphite anodes, and the impacts of their molecular structure and contents on the SEI are also systematically investigated. Compared with butylene sulfites and 1,3-propane sultone, the 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide (DTD) additive endows the graphite electrode (GE) with a higher reversible capacity, and better cycling stability in both the dilute potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (KFSI)- and potassium hexafluorophosphate (KPF6)-based carbonate electrolyte, as a result of a thinner and sulfate-enriched SEI. Moreover, the addition of a trace amount (0.2 wt %) DTD to the electrolyte can effectively protect the GE running over 800 cycles at 1 C. Excessive additives in the electrolyte will induce continuous SEI growth and render a rapid capacity fading of the GE. This strategy using the electrolyte additive paves the way for the design of novel PIB electrolytes and thus provides a great opportunity for commercial PIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghan Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yuqin Fan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yang Gao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Ma
- BTR New Material Group Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518106, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoen Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Hussein A Younus
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Zhengjian Chen
- Biomaterials Research Center, Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhuhai 519003, P. R. China
| | - Xiwen Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shiguo Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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Zeng Y, Gossage ZT, Sarbapalli D, Hui J, Rodríguez‐López J. Tracking Passivation and Cation Flux at Incipient Solid‐Electrolyte Interphases on Multi‐Layer Graphene using High Resolution Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202101445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiong Zeng
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 600 S Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
- College of Materials and Chemistry Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials China Jiliang University No 258 Xueyuan St. Hangzhou 310018 P. R. China
| | - Zachary T. Gossage
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 600 S Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
- Department of Applied Chemistry Tokyo University of Science Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - Dipobrato Sarbapalli
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 600 S Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Jingshu Hui
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 600 S Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
- College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS) Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province Soochow University Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
| | - Joaquín Rodríguez‐López
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 600 S Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
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Wu X, Qiu S, Liu Y, Xu Y, Jian Z, Yang J, Ji X, Liu J. The Quest for Stable Potassium-Ion Battery Chemistry. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106876. [PMID: 34648671 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) have attracted wide interest for energy storage because of the abundance of the electrode materials involved; however, their electrochemical performances are far behind what can be achieved from lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) or sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, key promising electrode and electrolyte materials for potassium-ion batteries are identified, the coupled electrochemical reactions in the cell are investigated, and the compatibility between different materials is demonstrated to play the most important role. K2 Mn[Fe(CN)6 ] cathode can deliver a high capacity of ≈125 mAh g-1 and exceptional cycling stability over 61 000 cycles (≈9 months) if the side reactions from the anode can be prevented. Graphite is a good anode material but is subjected to degradation in traditional carbonate electrolytes. New concentrated electrolytes are developed and evaluated. A stable KIB system is demonstrated by coupling a stable K2 Mn[Fe(CN)6 ] cathode, a prepotassiated graphite anode with a concentrated electrolyte to achieve a high energy density of ≈260 Wh kg-1 (based on the active mass of cathode and anode) and good cycling of over 1000 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyong Wu
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Shen Qiu
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Yao Liu
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Yunkai Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Zelang Jian
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Jihui Yang
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Xiulei Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99252, USA
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