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Roy A, Afshari R, Jain S, Zheng Y, Lin MH, Zenkar S, Yin J, Chen J, Peppas NA, Annabi N. Advances in conducting nanocomposite hydrogels for wearable biomonitoring. Chem Soc Rev 2025; 54:2595-2652. [PMID: 39927792 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00220b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2025]
Abstract
Recent advancements in wearable biosensors and bioelectronics have led to innovative designs for personalized health management devices, with biocompatible conducting nanocomposite hydrogels emerging as a promising building block for soft electronics engineering. In this review, we provide a comprehensive framework for advancing biosensors using these engineered nanocomposite hydrogels, highlighting their unique properties such as high electrical conductivity, flexibility, self-healing, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and tunable architecture, broadening their biomedical applications. We summarize key properties of nanocomposite hydrogels for thermal, biomechanical, electrophysiological, and biochemical sensing applications on the human body, recent progress in nanocomposite hydrogel design and synthesis, and the latest technologies in developing flexible and wearable devices. This review covers various sensor types, including strain, physiological, and electrochemical sensors, and explores their potential applications in personalized healthcare, from daily activity monitoring to versatile electronic skin applications. Furthermore, we highlight the blueprints of design, working procedures, performance, detection limits, and sensitivity of these soft devices. Finally, we address challenges, prospects, and future outlook for advanced nanocomposite hydrogels in wearable sensors, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of their current state and future potential in healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Roy
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA.
| | - Ronak Afshari
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA.
| | - Saumya Jain
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA.
| | - Yuting Zheng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA.
| | - Min-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA.
| | - Shea Zenkar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA.
| | - Junyi Yin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Nasim Annabi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
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Zhu W, Wang H, Feng B, Liu G, Bian Y, Zhao T, Wang Q, Weng X. Self-Healing Hyaluronic Acid-based Hydrogel with miRNA140-5p Loaded MON-PEI Nanoparticles for Chondrocyte Regeneration: Schiff Base Self-Assembly Approach. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2025; 12:e2406479. [PMID: 39498998 PMCID: PMC11714154 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202406479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 10/09/2024] [Indexed: 11/07/2024]
Abstract
Articular cartilage defects present a significant therapeutic challenge due to the inherent avascular and aneural characteristics of cartilage tissue. Gene therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for cartilage regeneration, particularly through the use of functional RNA and biomaterial-assisted frameworks. In this study, an innovative gene-activated self-healing hydrogel is developed and fabricated for the controlled release of miR140-5p, a key regulator of cartilage regeneration. The hydrogel, crosslinked via UV radiation, is composed of aminated hyaluronic acid and a modified photosensitizer (NB). To enhance the scaffold's structural integrity and gene delivery efficiency, mineralized silk fibroin and miR140-5p-loaded MON-PEI nanoparticles are incorporated. These findings demonstrate that this novel hydrogel (miR140-5p-CaP@mSF-HA-NB) effectively encapsulates and releases miR140-5p, exhibits excellent biocompatibility, and promotes enhanced cartilage regeneration in both in vitro and in vivo models. Therefore, this gene-activated hydrogel holds significant potential for clinical applications in the treatment of articular cartilage defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Department of OrthopedicsState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of OrthopedicsState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China
| | - Bin Feng
- Department of OrthopedicsState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China
| | - Guangli Liu
- Department of OrthopedicsState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China
| | - Yixin Bian
- Department of OrthopedicsState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China
| | - Tianhao Zhao
- Department of OrthopedicsState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of OrthopedicsState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China
| | - Xisheng Weng
- Department of OrthopedicsState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China
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3
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Du F, Ma A, Wang W, Bai L, Chen H, Wei D, Yin K, Yang L, Yang H. Phytic Acid-Functional Cellulose Nanocrystals and Their Application in Self-Healing Nanocomposite Hydrogels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:14602-14612. [PMID: 38963442 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have garnered significant attention as a modifiable substrate because of their exceptional performances, including remarkable degradability, high tensile strength, high elastic modulus, and biocompatibility. In this article, the successful adsorption of phytic acid (PA) onto the surface of cellulose nanocrystals @polydopamine (CNC@PDA) was achieved. Taking inspiration from mussels, a dopamine self-polymerization reaction was employed to coat the surface of CNCs with PDA. Utilizing Pickering emulsion, the CNC@PDA-PA nanomaterial was obtained by grafting PA onto CNC@PDA. An environmentally friendly hydrogel was prepared through various reversible interactions using poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and Fe3+ as raw materials with the assistance of CNC@PDA-PA. By multiple hydrogen bonding and metal-ligand coordination, nanocomposite hydrogels exhibit remarkable mechanical properties (the tensile strength and strain were 1.82 MPa and 442.1%, respectively) in addition to spectacular healing abilities (96.6% after 5 h). The study aimed to develop an innovative approach for fabricating nanocomposite hydrogels with exceptional self-healing capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fashuo Du
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Anyao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Liangjiu Bai
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Hou Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Donglei Wei
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Kun Yin
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Lixia Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Huawei Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance and Functional Polymer in the Universities of Shandong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
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Hassan Akhtar M, Azhar Hayat Nawaz M, Abbas M, Liu N, Han W, Lv Y, Yu C. Advances in pH Sensing: From Traditional Approaches to Next-Generation Sensors in Biological Contexts. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300369. [PMID: 38953343 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
pH has been considered one of the paramount factors in bodily functions because most cellular tasks exclusively rely on precise pH values. In this context, the current techniques for pH sensing provide us with the futuristic insight to further design therapeutic and diagnostic tools. Thus, pH-sensing (electrochemically and optically) is rapidly evolving toward exciting new applications and expanding researchers' interests in many chemical contexts, especially in biomedical applications. The adaptation of cutting-edge technology is subsequently producing the modest form of these biosensors as wearable devices, which are providing us the opportunity to target the real-time collection of vital parameters, including pH for improved healthcare systems. The motif of this review is to provide insight into trending tech-based systems employed in real-time or in-vivo pH-responsive monitoring. Herein, we briefly go through the pH regulation in the human body to help the beginners and scientific community with quick background knowledge, recent advances in the field, and pH detection in real-time biological applications. In the end, we summarize our review by providing an outlook; challenges that need to be addressed, and prospective integration of various pH in vivo platforms with modern electronics that can open new avenues of cutting-edge techniques for disease diagnostics and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Hassan Akhtar
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Muhammad Azhar Hayat Nawaz
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM) COMSATS, University Islamabad, 54000, Lahore, Campus, Pakistan
| | - Manzar Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Functional Biomaterials Group, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wenzhao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yan Lv
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Cong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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5
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K Algethami F, Abdelhamid HN. Heteroatoms-doped carbon dots as dual probes for heavy metal detection. Talanta 2024; 273:125893. [PMID: 38508123 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of l-cysteine in hydrothermal synthesis allows for the manufacture of carbon dots (CDs) that are doped with heteroatoms including oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur (N, S, O-doped CDs). CDs have a particle size ranging from 1 to 3 nm, with an average particle size of 2.5 nm. N, S, and O-doped CDs display a blue fluorescence emission at a wavelength of 425 nm. It shows a reliance on the specific excitation wavelength between 320 and 500 nm. It has a selective quenching effect specifically with copper (Cu2+) ions when exposed to interactions with heavy metal ions, as compared to other metal ions. The assay has a limit of detection (LOD) of 2 μM and exhibits a linear correlation within the concentration range of 10-33.3 μM. The fluorescence mechanism was elucidated by employing various analytical techniques, such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM , UV-Vis spectroscopy, zeta potential analysis, and conductometry. An analysis of the data reveals that Cu2+ ions exhibit a strong attraction to the external surface of N, S, and O-doped CDs, leading to the formation of aggregates. N, S, and O-doped CDs can be also used as probes for electrochemical investigations utilizing cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to produce Nyquist and Bode plots. The electrochemical results offer substantiation for the interaction between Cu2+ ions and N, S, and O-doped CDs. Zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials, i.e. CDs, can improve the detection of heavy metals using optical and electrochemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal K Algethami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11432, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Nasser Abdelhamid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71575, Egypt; Egyptian-Russian University, Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt.
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6
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Laysandra L, Rusli RA, Chen YW, Chen SJ, Yeh YW, Tsai TL, Huang JH, Chuang KS, Njotoprajitno A, Chiu YC. Elastic and Self-Healing Copolymer Coatings with Antimicrobial Function. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:25194-25209. [PMID: 38684227 PMCID: PMC11103657 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The revolutionary self-healing function for long-term and safe service processes has inspired researchers to implement them in various fields, including in the application of antimicrobial protective coatings. Despite the great advances that have been made in the field of fabricating self-healing and antimicrobial polymers, their poor transparency and the trade-off between the mechanical and self-healing properties limit the utility of the materials as transparent antimicrobial protective coatings for wearable optical and display devices. Considering the compatibility in the blending process, our group proposed a self-healing, self-cross-linkable poly{(n-butyl acrylate)-co-[N-(hydroxymethyl)acrylamide]} copolymer (AP)-based protective coating combined with two types of commercial cationic antimicrobial agents (i.e., dimethyl octadecyl (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) ammonium chloride (DTSACL) and chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG)), leading to the fabrication of a multifunctional modified compound film of (AP/b%CHG)-grafted-a%DTSACL. The first highlight of this research is that the reactivity of the hydroxyl group in the N-(hydroxymethyl)acrylamide of the copolymer side chains under thermal conditions facilitates the "grafting to" process with the trimethoxysilane groups of DTSACL to form AP-grafted-DTSACL, yielding favorable thermal stability, improvement in hydrophobicity, and enhancement of mechanical strength. Second, we highlight that the addition of CHG can generate covalent and noncovalent interactions in a complex manner between the two biguanide groups of CHG with the AP and DTSACL via a thermal-triggered cross-linking reaction. The noncovalent interactions synergistically serve as diverse dynamic hydrogen bonds, leading to complete healing upon scratches and even showing over 80% self-healing efficiency on full-cut, while covalent bonding can effectively improve elasticity and mechanical strength. The soft nature of CHG also takes part in improving the self-healing of the copolymer. Moreover, it was discovered that the addition of CHG can enhance antimicrobial effectiveness, as demonstrated by the long-term superior antibacterial activity (100%) against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria and the antifouling function on a glass substrate and/or a silica wafer coated by the modified polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livy Laysandra
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan
University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Randy Arthur Rusli
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan
University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan
University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Ju Chen
- Taipei
Municipal Zhongshan Girls High School, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Wei Yeh
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Tsai
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Department
of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hsiung Huang
- Department
of Green Material Technology, Green Technology
Research Institute, CPC Corporation, Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan
| | - Kao-Shu Chuang
- Department
of Green Material Technology, Green Technology
Research Institute, CPC Corporation, Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan
| | - Andreas Njotoprajitno
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan
University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chiu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan
University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- Advanced
Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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7
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Lee JW, Kwak JH, Kim J, Jang YK, Han JT, Kim TJ, Hong KS, Jeong HJ, Yang IHS. Highly emissive blue graphene quantum dots with excitation-independent emission via ultrafast liquid-phase photoreduction. RSC Adv 2024; 14:11524-11532. [PMID: 38601707 PMCID: PMC11005024 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01113a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) are promising candidates for biomedical applications since they have lower toxicity and higher biocompatibility than traditional semiconductor quantum dots. However, oxygen functional groups such as epoxy and hydroxyl groups usually induce nonradiative relaxation, which leads to GOQDs exhibiting nonemissive properties. For the enhancement of the emission efficiency of GOQDs, the number of nonradiative relaxation sites should be reduced. This paper reports the synthesis of highly luminescent reduced GOQDs prepared by liquid-phase photoreduction (LPP-rGOQDs). First, GOQDs was fabricated from single-walled carbon nanotubes through chlorate-based oxidation and separation after acoustic cavitation. Subsequently, LPP-rGOQDs were obtained by liquid-phase photoreduction of the GOQD suspension under intense pulsed light irradiation. Liquid-phase photoreduction selectively reduced epoxy groups present on the basal plane of GOQDs, and hydrogenated the basal plane without removal of carbonyl and carboxyl groups at the edges of the GOQDs. Such selective removal of oxidative functional groups was used to control the reduction degree of GOQDs, closely related to their optical properties. The optimized LPP-rGOQDs were bright blue in color and showed quantum yields up to about 19.7%, which was 10 times the quantum yield of GOQDs. Furthermore, the LPP-rGOQDs were utilized to image a human embryonic kidney (HEK293A), and a low cytotoxicity level and satisfactory cell imaging performance were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Won Lee
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University Busan 46241 South Korea
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center, Creative and Fundamental Research Division, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) Changwon 51543 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kwak
- Electrical Environment Research Center, Power Grid Research Division Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) Changwon 51543 Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Kim
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center, Creative and Fundamental Research Division, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) Changwon 51543 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Kwan Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University Busan 46241 South Korea
| | - Joong Tark Han
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center, Creative and Fundamental Research Division, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) Changwon 51543 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University Busan 46241 South Korea
| | - Kyong-Soo Hong
- Busan Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) Busan 46742 South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Jeong
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center, Creative and Fundamental Research Division, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) Changwon 51543 Republic of Korea
| | - Imjeong H-S Yang
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University Busan 46241 South Korea
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Qingqing X, Ruiyi L, Zaijun L. Designing of multifunctional graphene quantum dot-polyvinyl alcohol-polyglycerol luminescent film for fluorescence detection of pH in sweat. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1292:342224. [PMID: 38309845 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wound infection, skin disease, renal failure, cancer, cystic fibrosis, and other pathologies may induce obvious pH changes in sweat. Thus, tracking skin pH changes can help monitor human health in a convenient manner. Owing to their biocompatibility, easy preparation, and sensitive response to pH changes, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have received increased attention in the optical detection of pH changes. However, their poor luminescent efficiency under visible light excitation and lack of functional diversification limit their application in skin pH monitoring. Therefore, the development of GQDs with excellent ultraviolet protection ability and antibacterial and luminescence performance is essential. RESULTS Folic acid-, histidine-, and serine-functionalized boron-doped graphene quantum dots (FHSB-GQDs) were designed and synthesized via thermal treatment. The resulting FHSB-GQDs exhibit strong yellow fluorescence emission under excitation with 490-nm visible light and sensitive pH responsiveness. The peak fluorescence intensity linearly decreases with increasing pH from 4 to 9. Furthermore, the FHSB-GQDs were integrated with polyvinyl alcohol and polyglycerol to form a luminescent film via hydrogen bond interactions. The film exhibits high transparency, mechanical flexibility, ultraviolet protection ability, and antibacterial activity. The presence of polyvinyl alcohol and polyglycerol restricts the free movement of the FHSB-GQDs and improves fluorescence behavior. The film was successfully applied in an intelligent pH-sensing system for monitoring pH changes in human sweat. SIGNIFICANCE The graphene quantum dot-polyvinyl alcohol-polyglycerol luminescent film offers excellent transparency, mechanical flexibility, ultraviolet protection ability, antibacterial activity, and luminescence performance. It was successfully applied in an intelligent pH sensing system for the detection of pH changes in human sweat. This study provides a new strategy for the design and construction of wearable sensing systems for health monitoring, facial masks, and medical dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xie Qingqing
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Li Ruiyi
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Li Zaijun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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Ehtesabi H, Kalji SO. Carbon nanomaterials for sweat-based sensors: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:77. [PMID: 38177621 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06162-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Sweat is easily accessible from the human skin's surface. It is secreted by the eccrine glands and contains a wealth of physiological information, including metabolites and electrolytes like glucose and Na ions. Sweat is a particularly useful biofluid because of its easy and non-invasive access, unlike other biofluids, like blood. On the other hand, nanomaterials have started to show promise operation as a competitive substitute for biosensors and molecular sensors throughout the last 10 years. Among the most synthetic nanomaterials that are studied, applied, and discussed, carbon nanomaterials are special. They are desirable candidates for sensor applications because of their many intrinsic electrical, magnetic, and optical characteristics; their chemical diversity and simplicity of manipulation; their biocompatibility; and their effectiveness as a chemically resistant platform. Carbon nanofibers (CNFs), carbon dots (CDs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and graphene have been intensively investigated as molecular sensors or as components that can be integrated into devices. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the use of carbon nanomaterials as sweat sensors and consider how they can be utilized to detect a diverse range of analytes in sweat, such as glucose, ions, lactate, cortisol, uric acid, and pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamide Ehtesabi
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed-Omid Kalji
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Horta-Velázquez A, Mota-Morales JD, Morales-Narváez E. Next-generation of smart dressings: Integrating multiplexed sensors and theranostic functions. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127737. [PMID: 38287589 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Non-healing wounds represent a significant burden for healthcare systems and society, giving rise to severe economic and human issues. Currently, the use of dressings and visual assessment represent the primary and standard care for wounds. Conventional dressings, like cotton gauze, provide only passive physical protection. Besides, they end up paradoxically hampering the wound-healing process by producing tissue damage and pain when removed during routine check-ups. In response to these limitations, researchers, engineers, and technologists are developing innovative dressings that incorporate advanced diagnostic and therapeutic functionalities, coined as "smart dressings". Now, the maturation of smart dressing is bringing them closer to real-life applications, leading to an exciting new generation of these devices. The next generation of smart dressings is capable of monitoring in real-time multiple biomarkers while including pro-healing capabilities in a single platform. Such multiplexed and theranostic smart dressings are expected to offer a timely biomarker-directed diagnosis of non-healing wounds while enabling rapid, automated, and personalized treatments of infection and chronicity. Herein, we provide an insightful overview of these advantageous devices, delving into the diverse spectrum of possible engineering strategies. This encompasses the use of electrochemical and optical platforms with diverse multiplexing architectures, such as multi-zone sensing arrays and multi-layered devices. Open or closed-loop theranostic mechanisms using various stimuli-responsive materials that could be internally or externally controlled are also included. Finally, a critical discussion on the main challenges and future directions of smart dressings is also offered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Josué D Mota-Morales
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada (CFATA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Eden Morales-Narváez
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada (CFATA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Querétaro 76230, Mexico.
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11
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Hong YW, Laysandra L, Chiu YC, Kang DY. Vacuum-Assisted Self-Healing Amphiphilic Copolymer Membranes for Gas Separation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37411032 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Membrane gas separation provides a multitude of benefits over alternative separation techniques, especially in terms of energy efficiency and environmental sustainability. While polymeric membranes have been extensively investigated for gas separations, their self-healing capabilities have often been neglected. In this work, we have developed innovative self-healing amphiphilic copolymers by strategically incorporating three functional segments: n-butyl acrylate (BA), N-(hydroxymethyl)acrylamide (NMA), and methacrylic acid (MAA). Utilizing these three functional components, we have synthesized two distinct amphiphilic copolymers, namely, APNMA (PBAx-co-PNMAy) and APMAA (PBAx-co-PMAAy). These copolymers have been meticulously designed for gas separation applications. During the creation of these amphiphilic copolymers, BA and NMA segments were selected due to their vital role in the ease of tuning mechanical and self-healing properties. The functional groups (-OH and -NH) present on the NMA segment interact with CO2 through hydrogen bonding, thereby boosting CO2/N2 separation and achieving superior selectivity. We assessed the self-healing potential of these amphiphilic copolymer membranes using two distinct strategies: conventional and vacuum-assisted self-healing. In the vacuum-assisted approach, a robust vacuum pump generates a suction force, leading to the formation of a cone-like shape in the membrane. This formation allows common fracture sites to adhere and trigger the self-healing process. As a result, APNMA maintains its high gas permeability and CO2/N2 selectivity even after the vacuum-assisted self-healing operation. The ideal CO2/N2 selectivity of the APNMA membrane aligns closely with the commercially available PEBAX-1657 membrane (17.54 vs 20.09). Notably, the gas selectivity of the APNMA membrane can be readily restored after damage, in contrast to the PEBAX-1657 membrane, which loses its selectivity upon damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Wei Hong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Livy Laysandra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 106335, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chiu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 106335, Taiwan
| | - Dun-Yen Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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12
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Ribeiro ERFR, Correa LB, Ricci-Junior E, Souza PFN, dos Santos CC, de Menezes AS, Rosas EC, Bhattarai P, Attia MF, Zhu L, Alencar LMR, Santos-Oliveira R. Chitosan-graphene quantum dot based active film as smart wound dressing. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023; 80:104093. [PMID: 38650740 PMCID: PMC11034917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs), are biocompatible materials, with mechanical strength and stability. Chitosan, has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, and biocompatibility. Wound healing is a challenging process especially in chronic diseases and infection. In this study, films consisting of chitosan and graphene quantum dots were developed for application in infected wounds. The chitosan-graphene films were prepared in the acidic solution followed by slow solvent evaporation and drying. The chitosan-graphene films were characterized by the scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The films' was evaluated by the wound healing assays, hemolytic potential, and nitrite production, cytokine production and swelling potential. The obtained films were flexible and well-structured, promoting cell migration, greater antibacterial activity, lower hemolytic activity, and maintaining wound moisture. Our data suggested that the use of graphene quantum dot-containing chitosan films would be an efficient and promising way in combating wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabete Regina Fernandes Ramos Ribeiro
- Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmaceuticals and Synthesis of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals, Rio de Janeiro, 21941906, Brazil
| | - Luana Barbosa Correa
- Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmaceuticals and Synthesis of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals, Rio de Janeiro, 21941906, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ricci-Junior
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, School of Pharmacy, Galenic Development Laboratory (LADEG), Rio de Janeiro, 21941-170, Brazil
| | - Pedro Filho Noronha Souza
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Ceará, CE, Brazil, Laboratory of Plant Defense Proteins, Ceará, 60451, Brazil
- Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal, University of Ceará, 60451, Brazil
| | - Clenilton Costa dos Santos
- Federal University of Maranhão, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Biophysics and Nanosystems, Campus Bacanga, São Luís, Maranháo, 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Alan Silva de Menezes
- Federal University of Maranhão, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Biophysics and Nanosystems, Campus Bacanga, São Luís, Maranháo, 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Elaine Cruz Rosas
- National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Diseases of Neglected Populations (INCT/IDPN), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, 21041361, Brazil
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, 21041361, Brazil
| | - Prapanna Bhattarai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Mohamed F. Attia
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmaco-engineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Luciana Magalhães Rebelo Alencar
- Federal University of Maranhão, Department of Physics, Laboratory of Biophysics and Nanosystems, Campus Bacanga, São Luís, Maranháo, 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Ralph Santos-Oliveira
- Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmaceuticals and Synthesis of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals, Rio de Janeiro, 21941906, Brazil
- State University of Rio de Janeiro, Laboratory of Radiopharmacy and Nanoradiopharmaceuticals, Rio de Janeiro, 23070200, Brazil
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