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Liu H, Lei F, Xu W, Li Q, Lei C, Xiong C, Tian N, You C, Yang Y. Designing Carbon-Foam Composites via Molten-State Reduction for Multifunctional Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. ACS NANO 2025; 19:1198-1210. [PMID: 39748621 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2025]
Abstract
Advanced electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are in great demand because of the severe electromagnetic population problem caused by the explosive growth of advanced electronics. Besides superior EMI shielding properties, the mechanical strength of the shielding materials is also critical for some specific application scenarios (e.g., shielding cases and shielding frames). Although most reported EMI shielding materials possess good shielding properties and lightweight characteristics, they usually exhibit a poor mechanical strength. Concurrently, multifunctionality is also essential for the application of the EMI shielding material. This study develops a molten-state-based in situ reduction strategy to fabricate an efficient EMI shielding composite, enabling the uniform dispersion of Co-nanoparticles on the carbon form matrix while featuring a high density of defects. This ensures the high mechanical strength of the composite due to the presence of a huge interface and significantly enhances the EMI shielding performance. The composite achieves an optimal shielding effectiveness of 32.6 dB and compressive strength of 38.31 MPa, respectively, improved by 65.4 and 123.4% compared to the pristine carbon foam. Simultaneously, the composite also exhibits desirable electrochemical and photothermal conversion properties. This research offers insights into the design of composites that excel in electromagnetic interference shielding, mechanical robustness, and multifunctionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heguang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Fengyu Lei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Wanyin Xu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chao Lei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Chuanyin Xiong
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Na Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Caiyin You
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Yang Yang
- NanoScience Technology Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformation Cluster, The Stephen W. Hawking Center for Microgravity Research and Education, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
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Wang Y, Li J, Chu W, Chen K, Ma Z, Liu F, Zhao Q. Dual Cross-Linked Networks Reinforced Polyimide Foams with Outstanding Piezoelectric Properties and Heat Resistance Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39360618 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c11567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
The application of traditional isocyanate-based polyimide (PI) foams is highly hindered due to limited flame retardancy, poor mechanical properties, and relatively single functionality. Herein, we propose an effective method to fabricate dual cross-linked polyimide/bismaleimide (PI-BMI) foams with outstanding heat resistance and enhanced mechanical properties by incorporating bis(3-ethyl-5-methyl-4-maleimidophenyl)methane (ME-BMI) as the interpenetrating network. The results show that the prepared PI-BMI composite foams exhibit enhanced mechanical properties with lightweight characteristics (23-80 kg·m-3). When the ME-BMI loading reached 120 wt %, the tensile and compressive strength of PI-BMI composite foam can reach 1.9 and 7.8 MPa, which are 9.6 and 63.3 times higher than that of pure PI foam, respectively. In comparison with PIF-0, the 10% heat loss temperature (Td,10%) of PIF-90 improved by 156 °C. Moreover, the PI-BMI foam piezoelectric sensor containing fluorine groups presents a short response time (14.22 ms), high sensitivity (0.266 V/N), and outstanding stability (10 000 cycles). Besides, the sensor can accurately monitor human activity in different states. This work provides a promising strategy for designing multifunctional PI foams, making them suitable for applications in aerospace and microelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugen Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Wei Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Keying Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Zhonglei Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Fei Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Qiangli Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
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Gong X, Hu T, Zhang Y, Zeng Y, Zhang Y, Jiang Z, Tan Y, Zou Y, Wang J, Dai J, Chu Z. Trunk-Inspired SWCNT-Based Wrinkled Films for Highly-Stretchable Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Wearable Thermotherapy. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:243. [PMID: 38990359 PMCID: PMC11239633 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01454-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, the increasing electromagnetic waves generated by wearable devices are becoming an emerging issue for human health, so stretchable electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are highly demanded. Elephant trunks are capable of grabbing fragile vegetation and tearing trees thanks not only to their muscles but also to their folded skins. Inspired by the wrinkled skin of the elephant trunks, herein, we propose a winkled conductive film based on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) for multifunctional EMI applications. The conductive film has a sandwich structure, which was prepared by coating SWCNTs on both sides of the stretched elastic latex cylindrical substrate. The shrinking-induced winkled conductive network could withstand up to 200% tensile strain. Typically, when the stretching direction is parallel to the polarization direction of the electric field, the total EMI shielding effectiveness could surprisingly increase from 38.4 to 52.7 dB at 200% tensile strain. It is mainly contributed by the increased connection of the SWCNTs. In addition, the film also has good Joule heating performance at several voltages, capable of releasing pains in injured joints. This unique property makes it possible for strain-adjustable multifunctional EMI shielding and wearable thermotherapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Gong
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianjiao Hu
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - You Zhang
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Zeng
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Zhang
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Jiang
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinlong Tan
- Beijing Interdisciplinary Research Center, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanhong Zou
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayu Dai
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zengyong Chu
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People's Republic of China.
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Lin J, Li J, Song Y, Chu W, Li W, Liu F, He X, Zhao Q, Zhao H. Carbon Nanofibrous Aerogels Derived from Electrospun Polyimide for Multifunctional Piezoresistive Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:16712-16723. [PMID: 38506548 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The fabrication of carbon aerogels with ultralow density, high electrical conductivity, and ultraelasticity still remains substantial challenges. This study utilizes electrospun polyimide aerogel as the source to fabricate flexible carbon nanofibrous aerogel (PI-CNA) capable of multifunctional applications. The lightweight PI-CNA based piezoresistive sensor shows a wide linear range (0-217 kPa), rapid response/recovery time, and fatigue resistance (12,000 cycles). More importantly, the superior pressure sensing enables the PI-CNA for all-range healthcare sensing, including pulse monitoring, physiological activity detection, speech recognition, and gait recognition. Moreover, the EMI SE and the A coefficient of the PI-CNA reach 45 dB and 0.62, respectively, indicating the outstanding absorption dominated EMI shielding effects due to the multiple reflections and absorption. Furthermore, PI-CNA exhibits satisfying Joule heating performance up to 120 °C with rapid response time (10-30 s) under low supply voltages (1.5-5 V) and possesses sufficient heating reliability and repeatability in long-term repeated heating/cooling cycles. The fabricated PI-CNA shows significant potential applications in wearable technologies, energy conversion, electronic skin, and artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lin
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Yutong Song
- Institute of Photonics & Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Wei Chu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Wen Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Xinhai He
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Qiangli Zhao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Institute of Photonics & Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
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Zhao Q, Cheng X, Kang J, Kong L, Zhao X, He X, Li J. Polyvinyl alcohol flame retardant film based on halloysite nanotubes, chitosan and phytic acid with strong mechanical and anti-ultraviolet properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125682. [PMID: 37406910 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The research of additive biomass flame retardants is becoming more and more popular. In this work, amino modified halloysite nanotubes (A-HNTs), chitosan (CS) and phytic acid (PA) were introduced into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix to construct PA/A-HNT/CS/PVA organic-inorganic composite film with hydrogen bond and covalent bond cross-linking network structure. Adding PA/A-HNT/CS can remarkably improve the mechanical strength, UV resistance and thermal stability of PVA film. Compared with control PVA film, the transmittance of composite film in ultraviolet region decreases from 90 % to <15 %, and the tensile strength raises from 19.8 MPa to 31.0 MPa. The thermal decomposition temperature of the composite film increases, the weight loss rate decreases obviously, and the carbon residue can reach 26 wt% at 700 °C. The limiting oxygen index increases from 18.5 % to 32.2 %. Furthermore, the addition of this flame-retardant system can obviously reduce the combustion intensity of PVA, and its flame-retardant grade can reach V-0. It is of great significance to expand the application of PVA and the development of biomass flame retardant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangli Zhao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China; China National Textile and Apparel Council Key Laboratory of Flame Retardancy Finishing of Textile Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Xiaoyue Cheng
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiahao Kang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lingyan Kong
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Xiaoliang Zhao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinhai He
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China; National Advanced Functional Fiber Innovation Center, Suzhou 215000, China.
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Wang M, Zhao H, Du B, Lu X, Ding S, Hu X. Functions and applications of emerging metal-organic-framework liquids and glasses. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37191098 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00834g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Traditional metal-organic-frameworks (MOFs) have been extensively studied and applied in various fields across chemistry, biology and engineering in the past decades. Recently, a family of emerging MOF liquids and glasses have gained ever-growing research interests owing to their fascinating phase transitions and unique functions. To date, a growing number of MOF crystals have been found to be capable of transforming into liquid and glassy states under external stimuli, which overcomes the limitations of MOF crystals by introducing functional disorder in a controlled manner and offering some desirable properties. This review is dedicated to compiling recent advances in the fundamental understanding of the phase and structure evolution during crystal melting and glass formation in order to give insights into the underlying conversion mechanism. Benefiting from the disordered metal-ligand arrangement and free grain boundaries, various functional properties of liquid and glassy MOFs including porosity, ionic conductivity, and optical/mechanical properties are summarized and evaluated in detail, accompanied by the structure-property correlation. At the same time, their potential applications are further assessed from a developmental perspective according to their unique functions. Finally, we summarize the current progress in the development of liquid/glassy MOFs and point out the serious challenges as well as the potential solutions. This work provides perspectives on the functional applications of liquid/glassy MOFs and highlights the future research directions for the advancement of MOF liquids and glasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Wang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, State key laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education), Xi'an 710049, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hongyang Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, State key laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education), Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Bowei Du
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, State key laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education), Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xuan Lu
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, State key laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Shujiang Ding
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, State key laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education), Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xiaofei Hu
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, State key laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education), Xi'an 710049, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Jia Q, An Z, Li M, Liu R, Xiao W, Zhang J. Cu-Co Hybrid Crystals Assembled on Hollow Microsphere: Temperature-Dependent Top-Down Synthesis and Aggregation-Induced Conversion from Microwave Shielding to Absorption. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205735. [PMID: 36437051 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The construction of hollow metallic microspheres with rationally designed building blocks of the metal shell is a promising way to achieve low density and functionality control, but the microengineering of the metallic structures on a micrometer spherical surface is a great challenge. In the present work, a novel and simple calcination-induced aggregation strategy is developed to realize the distribution status and microstructure control of Co-Cu bimetal building blocks assembled on a hollow glass microsphere support, and thus a series of low-density (0.58 g cm-3 ) dual shell composite hollow microspheres are constructed with gradient in electromagnetic property depending on the calcination temperature (CT). The optimized microwave shielding performance can be achieved at a CT of 500 °C, while further increasing CT to 700 °C leads to an interesting conversion from microwave shielding to absorption with an optimized effective absorption bandwidth of 4.64 GHz at a low matching thickness of 1.33 mm. The mechanism underlying the CT-dependent metallic shell structure variation and further the decisive effect of the shell structure on the microwave response behavior are proposed based on a series of contrast experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Propellants, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhenguo An
- State Key Laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Propellants, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Man Li
- State Key Laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Propellants, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Propellants, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Weixin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Propellants, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Propellants, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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