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Ghasemlou M, Pn N, Alexander K, Zavabeti A, Sherrell PC, Ivanova EP, Adhikari B, Naebe M, Bhargava SK. Fluorescent Nanocarbons: From Synthesis and Structure to Cancer Imaging and Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312474. [PMID: 38252677 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Nanocarbons are emerging at the forefront of nanoscience, with diverse carbon nanoforms emerging over the past two decades. Early cancer diagnosis and therapy, driven by advanced chemistry techniques, play a pivotal role in mitigating mortality rates associated with cancer. Nanocarbons, with an attractive combination of well-defined architectures, biocompatibility, and nanoscale dimension, offer an incredibly versatile platform for cancer imaging and therapy. This paper aims to review the underlying principles regarding the controllable synthesis, fluorescence origins, cellular toxicity, and surface functionalization routes of several classes of nanocarbons: carbon nanodots, nanodiamonds, carbon nanoonions, and carbon nanohorns. This review also highlights recent breakthroughs regarding the green synthesis of different nanocarbons from renewable sources. It also presents a comprehensive and unified overview of the latest cancer-related applications of nanocarbons and how they can be designed to interface with biological systems and work as cancer diagnostics and therapeutic tools. The commercial status for large-scale manufacturing of nanocarbons is also presented. Finally, it proposes future research opportunities aimed at engendering modifiable and high-performance nanocarbons for emerging applications across medical industries. This work is envisioned as a cornerstone to guide interdisciplinary teams in crafting fluorescent nanocarbons with tailored attributes that can revolutionize cancer diagnostics and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Ghasemlou
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Center for Sustainable Products, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Navya Pn
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Katia Alexander
- School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Ali Zavabeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Peter C Sherrell
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Elena P Ivanova
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Minoo Naebe
- Carbon Nexus, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Suresh K Bhargava
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
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2
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Xiao Q, Zhang Y, Zhao A, Duan Z, Yao J. Application and development of nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1268454. [PMID: 38026877 PMCID: PMC10657196 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1268454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a malignant tumor with a high incidence worldwide. Currently, there are a lack of effective early diagnosis and treatment methods for esophageal cancer. However, delivery systems based on nanoparticles (NPs) have shown ideal efficacy in real-time imaging and chemotherapy, radiotherapy, gene therapy, and phototherapy for tumors, which has led to their recent widespread design as novel treatment strategies. Compared to traditional drugs, nanomedicine has unique advantages, including strong targeting ability, high bioavailability, and minimal side effects. This article provides an overview of the application of NPs in the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer and provides a reference for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jun Yao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Leung HM, Chu HC, Mao ZW, Lo PK. Versatile nanodiamond-based tools for therapeutics and bioimaging. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2039-2055. [PMID: 36723092 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06495b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds (NDs) are a remarkable class of carbon-based nanoparticles in nanomedicine which have recently become a hot topic of research due to their unique features including functionalization versatility, tunable opto-magnetic properties, chemical stability, minimal cytotoxicity, high affinity to biomolecules and biocompatibility. These attractive features make NDs versatile tools for a wide range of biologically relevant applications. In this feature article, we discuss the opto-magnetic properties of negatively charged nitrogen vacancy (NV-) centres in NDs as fluorescence probes. We further discuss the frequently used chemical methods for surface chemistry modification of NDs which are relevant for biomedical applications. The in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of modified NDs is also highlighted. Subsequently, we give an overview of recent state-of-the-art biomedical applications of NDs as versatile tools for bioimaging and detection, and as targeting nanocarriers for chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, gene therapy, antimicrobial and antiviral therapy, and bone tissue engineering. Finally, we pinpoint the main challenges for NDs in biomedical applications which lie ahead and discuss perspectives on future directions in advancing the field for practical applications and clinical translations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi Man Leung
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Hoi Ching Chu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Zheng-Wei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Pik Kwan Lo
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
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Shilpi S, Gulbake AS, Chouhan S, Kumar P. Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene Oxide, Fullerenes, and Nanodiamonds: Emerging Theranostic Nanomedicines. MULTIFUNCTIONAL AND TARGETED THERANOSTIC NANOMEDICINES 2023:187-213. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-0538-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2025]
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Wang F, Zhao Q, Zhang L, Wang H, Zhang K, Qin S, Guo Q, Zhi J, Shan CX. A nanocomposite of rare earth upconversion nanoparticles and nanodiamonds for dual-mode imaging and drug delivery. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Cui X, Liang Z, Lu J, Wang X, Jia F, Hu Q, Xiao X, Deng X, Wu Y, Sheng W. A multifunctional nanodiamond-based nanoplatform for the enhanced mild-temperature photothermal/chemo combination therapy of triple negative breast cancer via an autophagy regulation strategy. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:13375-13389. [PMID: 34477743 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03161a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Owing to its aggressive biological behavior, the lack of specific targets, and the strong therapeutic resistance of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), current therapeutic strategies are still limited. The combination of multiple treatments has been confirmed as a promising strategy for TNBC therapy. However, the efficacy of combination therapy can be restricted due to increasing therapeutic resistance to various treatments. Herein, we constructed a nanodiamond (ND)-based nanoplatform for augmented mild-temperature photothermal/chemo combination therapy against TNBC, weakening the therapeutic resistance via autophagy inhibition enabled by the NDs. A layer-by-layer self-assembly approach was utilized to construct the ND-based nanoplatform. First, the NDs were modified with protamine sulphate (PS). Meanwhile, the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and the HSP70 small molecule inhibitor apoptozole (APZ) could be synchronously incorporated to form positively charged PS@ND (ICG + APZ). Then negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) was assembled onto the outer face of PS@ND (ICG + APZ) to form the NPIAs. Finally, the positively charged small molecule anti-cancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) could be adsorbed onto the surface of the NPIAs through electrostatic interactions (NPIADs). The resulting NPIADs could be triggered by NIR laser irradiation to exhibit enhanced mild-temperature photothermal therapy (PTT) effects via suppressing the expression of HSP70, and PTT combined with chemotherapy could further enhance the anti-tumor efficacy. Subsequently, the sensitivity of MDA-MB-231 cells could be significantly improved through the weakening of the thermal/drug resistance via autophagy inhibition, leading to augmented combination therapy that is efficient both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the NPIADs could be used as a theranostic nanoplatform for fluorescence (FL) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging. Taken together, this study demonstrated a multifunctional ND-based nanoplatform for FL/PA imaging-guided augmented mild-temperature photothermal/chemo combination therapy via an autophagy regulation strategy against TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Cui
- The Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, P.R. China.
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Cui X, Deng X, Liang Z, Lu J, Shao L, Wang X, Jia F, Pan Z, Hu Q, Xiao X, Wu Y, Sheng W. Multicomponent-assembled nanodiamond hybrids for targeted and imaging guided triple-negative breast cancer therapy via a ternary collaborative strategy. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:3838-3850. [PMID: 33885068 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00283j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Uniting combinational strategies has been confirmed to be a robust choice for high-performance cancer treatment due to their abilities to overcome tumor heterogeneity and complexity. However, the development of a simple, effective, and multifunctional theranostics nanoplatform still remains a challenge. In this study, we integrated multicomponent hyaluronic acid (HA), protamine (PS), nanodiamonds (NDs), curcumin (Cur), and IR780 into a single nanoplatform (denoted as HPNDIC) based on the combination of hydrophobic and electrostatic noncovalent interactions for dual-modal fluorescence/photoacoustic imaging guided ternary collaborative Cur/photothermal/photodynamic combination therapy of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). A two-step coordination assembly strategy was utilized to realize this purpose. In the first step, PS was utilized to modify the NDs clusters to form positively charged PS@NDs (PND) and the simultaneous encapsulation of the natural small-molecule drug Cur and the photosensitive small-molecule IR780 (PNDIC). Second, HA was adsorbed onto the outer surface of the PNDIC through charge complexation for endowing a tumor-targeting ability (HPNDIC). The resulting HPNDIC had a uniform size, high drug-loading ability, and excellent colloidal stability. It was found that under the near-infrared irradiation condition, IR780 could be triggered to exhibit both PTT/PDT dual-pattern therapy effects, leading to an enhanced therapy efficiency of Cur both in vitro and in vivo with good biocompatibility. Due to the intrinsic imaging property of IR780, the biodistribution and accumulation behavior of HPNDIC in vivo could be monitored by dual-modal fluorescence/photoacoustic imaging. Taken together, our current work demonstrated the assembly of a NDs-based multicomponent theranostic platform for dual-modal fluorescence/photoacoustic imaging guided triple-collaborative Cur/photothermal/photodynamic against TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Cui
- The Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, P.R. China. and CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiongwei Deng
- The Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, P.R. China. and CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyuan Liang
- The Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, P.R. China.
| | - Jianqing Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Leihou Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Fan Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zian Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qin Hu
- The Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, P.R. China.
| | - Xiangqian Xiao
- The Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, P.R. China.
| | - Yan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wang Sheng
- The Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, P.R. China.
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Yuan P, Ruan Z, Li T, Tian Y, Cheng Q, Yan L. Sharp pH-sensitive amphiphilic polypeptide macrophotosensitizer for near infrared imaging-guided photodynamic therapy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 15:198-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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9
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van der Laan K, Hasani M, Zheng T, Schirhagl R. Nanodiamonds for In Vivo Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1703838. [PMID: 29424097 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201703838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Due to their unique optical properties, diamonds are the most valued gemstones. However, beyond the sparkle, diamonds have a number of unique properties. Their extreme hardness gives them outstanding performance as abrasives and cutting tools. Similar to many materials, their nanometer-sized form has yet other unique properties. Nanodiamonds are very inert but still can be functionalized on the surface. Additionally, they can be made in very small sizes and a narrow size distribution. Nanodiamonds can also host very stable fluorescent defects. Since they are protected in the crystal lattice, they never bleach. These defects can also be utilized for nanoscale sensing since they change their optical properties, for example, based on temperature or magnetic fields in their surroundings. In this Review, in vivo applications are focused upon. To this end, how different diamond materials are made and how this affects their properties are discussed first. Next, in vivo biocompatibility studies are reviewed. Finally, the reader is introduced to in vivo applications of diamonds. These include drug delivery, aiding radiology, labeling, and use in cosmetics. The field is critically reviewed and a perspective on future developments is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- KiranJ van der Laan
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713, AW, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Masoumeh Hasani
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517838683, Iran
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Drug Addiction and Medication Safety, Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital & Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen-PKU-HKUST Medical Center, 518036, Shenzhen, China
| | - Romana Schirhagl
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713, AW, Groningen, Netherlands
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Wang Z, Wang C, Fang Y, Yuan H, Quan Y, Cheng Y. Color-tunable AIE-active conjugated polymer nanoparticles as drug carriers for self-indicating cancer therapy via intramolecular FRET mechanism. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00329g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, two novel AIE-active conjugated polymers were synthesized by Pd-catalyzed Suzuki coupling polymerization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Cheng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yayun Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yiwu Quan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
| | - Yixiang Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- P. R. China
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Gao M, Fan F, Li D, Yu Y, Mao K, Sun T, Qian H, Tao W, Yang X. Tumor acidity-activatable TAT targeted nanomedicine for enlarged fluorescence/magnetic resonance imaging-guided photodynamic therapy. Biomaterials 2017; 133:165-175. [PMID: 28437627 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles simultaneously integrated the photosensitizers and diagnostic agents represent an emerging approach for imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, the diagnostic sensitivity and therapeutic efficacy of nanoparticles as well as the heterogeneity of tumors pose tremendous challenges for clinical imaging-guided PDT treatment. Herein, a polymeric nanoparticle with tumor acidity (pHe)-activatable TAT targeting ligand that encapsulates the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) and chelates contrast agent Gd3+ is successfully developed for fluorescence/magnetic resonance (MR) dual-model imaging-guided precision PDT. We show clear evidence that the resulting nanoparticle DATAT-NP [its TAT lysine residues' amines was modified by 2,3-dimethylmaleic anhydride (DA)] efficiently avoids the rapid clearance by reticuloendothelial system (RES) by masking of the TAT peptide, resulting in the significantly prolonged circulation time in the blood. Once accumulating in the tumor tissues, DATAT-NP is reactivated by tumor acidity to promote cellular uptake, resulting in enlarged fluorescence/MR imaging signal intensity and elevated in vivo PDT therapeutic effect. This concept provides new avenues to design tumor acidity-activatable targeted nanoparticles for imaging-guided cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Gao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, PR China
| | - Feng Fan
- School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China
| | - Dongdong Li
- School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China; Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guandong 510006, PR China
| | - Yue Yu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, PR China.
| | - Kuirong Mao
- The First Hospital and Institute of Immunology, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, PR China
| | - Tianmeng Sun
- The First Hospital and Institute of Immunology, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, PR China.
| | - Haisheng Qian
- School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China
| | - Wei Tao
- School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China
| | - Xianzhu Yang
- School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China; Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guandong 510006, PR China.
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