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Ma L, Song H, Gong X, Chen L, Gong J, Chen Z, Shen J, Gu M. A High-Methanol-Permeation Resistivity Polyamide-Based Proton Exchange Membrane Fabricated via a Hyperbranching Design. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2480. [PMID: 39274112 PMCID: PMC11397882 DOI: 10.3390/polym16172480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Four non-fluorinated sulfonimide polyamides (s-PAs) were successfully synthesized and a series of membranes were prepared by blending s-PA with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to achieve high-methanol-permeation resistivity for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) applications. Four membranes were fabricated by blending 50 wt% PVDF with s-PA, named BPD-101, BPD-102, BPD-111 and BPD-211, respectively. The s-PA/PVDF membranes exhibit high methanol resistivity, especially for the BPD-111 membrane with methanol resistivity of 8.13 × 10-7 cm2/s, which is one order of magnitude smaller than that of the Nafion 117 membrane. The tensile strength of the BPD-111 membrane is 15 MPa, comparable to that of the Nafion 117 membrane. Moreover, the four membranes also show good thermal stability up to 230 °C. The BPD-x membrane exhibits good oxidative stability, and the measured residual weights of the BPD-111 membrane are 97% and 93% after treating in Fenton's reagent (80 °C) for 1 h and 24 h, respectively. By considering the mechanical, thermal and dimensional properties, the polyamide proton-exchange membrane exhibits promising application potential for direct methanol fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Ma
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Road, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Hongxia Song
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Road, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Xiaofei Gong
- Kaili No. 8 Middle School, 70 Qingjiang Road, Kaili 556000, China
| | - Lu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Road, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Jiangning Gong
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Road, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Zhijiao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Road, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Jing Shen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Road, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Manqi Gu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Road, Guiyang 550001, China
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2
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Huang Z, Ying Z, Li R, Sun W, Zhang H, Wang Z, Shi L, Chen X. Sub-two-micron ultrathin proton exchange membrane with reinforced mechanical strength. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
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3
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Ghanti B, Kamble R, Roy S, Banerjee S. Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated polytriazoles utilizing 1,4‐bis(4‐azido‐2‐(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)benzene for the proton exchange membrane applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bholanath Ghanti
- Materials Science Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
| | - Riddhi Kamble
- Materials Science Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
| | - Sambit Roy
- Materials Science Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
| | - Susanta Banerjee
- Materials Science Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
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4
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Xie T, Pang Y, Fan H, Zhu S, Zhao C, Guan S, Yao H. Controlling the microphase morphology and performance of cross-linked highly sulfonated polyimide membranes by varying the molecular structure and volume of the hydrophobic cross-linkable diamine monomers. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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5
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Duan Y, Ru C, Pang Y, Li J, Liu B, Zhao C. Crosslinked PAEK-based nanofiber reinforced Nafion membrane with ion-paired interfaces towards high-concentration DMFC. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Material Design for Enhancing Properties of 3D Printed Polymer Composites for Target Applications. TECHNOLOGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/technologies10020045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Polymer composites are becoming an important class of materials for a diversified range of industrial applications due to their unique characteristics and natural and synthetic reinforcements. Traditional methods of polymer composite fabrication require machining, manual labor, and increased costs. Therefore, 3D printing technologies have come to the forefront of scientific, industrial, and public attention for customized manufacturing of composite parts having a high degree of control over design, processing parameters, and time. However, poor interfacial adhesion between 3D printed layers can lead to material failure, and therefore, researchers are trying to improve material functionality and extend material lifetime with the addition of reinforcements and self-healing capability. This review provides insights on different materials used for 3D printing of polymer composites to enhance mechanical properties and improve service life of polymer materials. Moreover, 3D printing of flexible energy-storage devices (FESD), including batteries, supercapacitors, and soft robotics using soft materials (polymers), is discussed as well as the application of 3D printing as a platform for bioengineering and earth science applications by using a variety of polymer materials, all of which have great potential for improving future conditions for humanity and planet Earth.
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Wang Z, Ren J, Sun Y, Wang L, Fan Y, Zheng J, Qian H, Li S, Xu J, Zhang S. Fluorinated strategy of node structure of Zr-based MOF for construction of high-performance composite polymer electrolyte membranes. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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8
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Ali N, Ali F, Said A, Khurshid S, Sheikh ZA, Ali U, Nguyen‐Tri P, Bilal M. Synthesis of clay‐armored coatable sulfonated polyimide nanocomposites as robust polyelectrolyte membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nisar Ali
- Key Laboratory for Palygorskite Science and Applied Technology of Jiangsu Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre for Deep Utilization Technology of Rock‐salt Resource, Faculty of Chemical Engineering Huaiyin Institute of Technology Huaian China
- Department of Chemistry Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan
| | - Farman Ali
- Department of Chemistry Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan
| | - Amir Said
- Department of Chemistry Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan
| | - Sania Khurshid
- Department of Chemistry Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan
| | | | - Usman Ali
- Department of Chemistry Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan
| | - Phuong Nguyen‐Tri
- Département de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique Université du Québec à Trois–Rivières (UQTR) Trois–Rivières Quebec Canada
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering Huaiyin Institute of Technology Huai'an China
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9
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Novel sulfonated polyimide-nafion nanocomposite membranes: Fabrication, morphology and physiochemical investigations for fuel cell applications. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.129940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Fabrication, morphological, structural and electrochemical characterization of sulfonated polyimide/clay-based hybrid nanocomposite membranes for energy application. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02306-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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11
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Ghorai A, Roy S, Das S, Komber H, Ghangrekar MM, Voit B, Banerjee S. Chemically Stable Sulfonated Polytriazoles Containing Trifluoromethyl and Phosphine Oxide Moieties for Proton Exchange Membranes. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2020; 2:2967-2979. [DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.0c00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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12
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Ali N, Said A, Ali F, Khan M, Sheikh ZA, Bilal M. Development and Characterization of Functionalized Titanium Dioxide-Reinforced Sulfonated Copolyimide (SPI/TiO2) Nanocomposite Membranes with Improved Mechanical, Thermal, and Electrochemical Properties. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-020-01636-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Jin J, Zhao J, Shen S, Yu J, Cheng S, Pan B, Che Q. Constructing anhydrous proton exchange membranes based on cadmium telluride nanocrystal-doped sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/polyurethane composites. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:205707. [PMID: 32000158 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab71b5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium telluride (CdTe) nanocrystals with thiol stabilizers have been applied widely in the fields of energy storage and transformation. The aim of this work is to develop anhydrous proton exchange membranes (PEMs) by introducing CdTe nanocrystals bearing thioglycolic acid (tga) or mercaptopropionic acid (mpa) stabilizers into sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) and polyurethane (PU) systems. In the prepared SPEEK/PU/CdTe membranes, CdTe nanocrystals could provide desirable properties such as improving mechanical strength and enhancing proton conductivity by combining with phosphoric acid (PA) molecules. Successful preparation of SPEEK/PU/CdTe/PA membranes was demonstrated by the identification of high and stable proton conductivity and satisfactory thermal/chemical stability and mechanical properties. The fine appearance of membranes revealed uniform dispersion of components. Measurements of properties showed that the SPEEK(74%)/PU/CdTe-mpa(20/60/20)/100%PA membrane as a candidate anhydrous PEM is promising for use in high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Specifically, the recommended membrane showed a proton conductivity of 1.18 × 10-1 S cm-1 at 160 °C and 3.96 × 10-2 S cm-1 at 100 °C, lasting for 600 h, and a tensile stress of 14.6 MPa at room temperature. Mixing inorganic CdTe nanocrystals with polymers to form inorganic/organic composite membranes is effective for producing anhydrous PEMs with cheaper polymers without functional groups to conduct protons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Jin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
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14
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Shang J, Zhong S, Zhao Y, Wang B, Gao Y, Xiang W, Cui X. Preparation of chitosan‐modified core–shell SiO
2
‐acidic polymer multiple crosslinked membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing‐Ran Shang
- College of Resources and EnvironmentJilin Agricultural University Changchun 130118 People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang‐Ling Zhong
- College of Resources and EnvironmentJilin Agricultural University Changchun 130118 People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Zhao
- College of Resources and EnvironmentJilin Agricultural University Changchun 130118 People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Resources and EnvironmentJilin Agricultural University Changchun 130118 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu‐Shan Gao
- College of Resources and EnvironmentJilin Agricultural University Changchun 130118 People's Republic of China
| | - Wen‐Tao Xiang
- College of Resources and EnvironmentJilin Agricultural University Changchun 130118 People's Republic of China
| | - Xue‐Jun Cui
- College of ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
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15
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Ramanujam AS, Kaleekkal NJ, Kumar PS. Preparation and characterization of proton exchange polyvinylidene fluoride membranes incorporated with sulfonated mesoporous carbon/SPEEK nanocomposite. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2464-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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16
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Xu J, Zhang Z, Yang K, He W, Yang X, Du X, Meng L, Zhao P, Wang Z. Construction of new transport channels by blending POM-based inorganic-organic complex into sulfonated poly(ether ketone sulfone) for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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17
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Yin C, Xiong B, Liu Q, Li J, Qian L, Zhou Y, He C. Lateral-aligned sulfonated carbon-nanotubes/Nafion composite membranes with high proton conductivity and improved mechanical properties. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Ru C, Gu Y, Duan Y, Na H, Zhao C. Nafion based semi-interpenetrating polymer network membranes from a cross-linkable SPAEK and a fluorinated epoxy resin for DMFCs. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Singh A, Kumar AG, Saha S, Mukherjee R, Bisoi S, Banerjee S. Synthesis and characterization of chemically stable sulfonated copoly(triazole imide)s with high proton conductivity. POLYM ENG SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asheesh Singh
- Materials Science CentreIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur 721302 India
| | - Anaparthi G. Kumar
- Materials Science CentreIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur 721302 India
| | - Sayantani Saha
- Materials Science CentreIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur 721302 India
| | - Rajdeep Mukherjee
- Materials Science CentreIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur 721302 India
| | - Soumendu Bisoi
- Materials Science CentreIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur 721302 India
| | - Susanta Banerjee
- Materials Science CentreIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur 721302 India
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20
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Ru C, Gu Y, Duan Y, Zhao C, Na H. Enhancement in proton conductivity and methanol resistance of Nafion membrane induced by blending sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketones) for direct methanol fuel cells. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Parthiban V, Panda SK, Sahu AK. Highly fluorescent carbon quantum dots-Nafion as proton selective hybrid membrane for direct methanol fuel cells. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.09.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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Han J, Wu Y, Pan J, Peng Y, Wang Y, Chen C, Pan Q, Xie B, Zhao N, Wang Y, Lu J, Xiao L, Zhuang L. Highly conductive and stable hybrid ionic cross-linked sulfonated PEEK for fuel cell. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.08.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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Lee KH, Chu JY, Kim AR, Yoo DJ. Enhanced Performance of a Sulfonated Poly(arylene ether ketone) Block Copolymer Bearing Pendant Sulfonic Acid Groups for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells Operating at 80% Relative Humidity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:20835-20844. [PMID: 29808664 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The series of sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) (SPAEK) block copolymers with controlled F-oligomer length bearing pendant diphenyl unit were synthesized via a polycondensation reaction. Sulfonation was verified by 1H NMR analysis to introduce sulfonic acid group selectively and intensively on the pendant diphenyl unit of polymer backbones. The SPAEK membranes fabricated by the solution casting approach were very transparent and flexible with the thickness of ∼50 μm. These membranes with different F-oligomer lengths were investigated to the physiochemical properties such as water absorption, dimensional stability, ion exchange capacity, and proton conductivity. As a result, the SPAEK membranes (X4.8Y8.8, X7.5Y8.8, and X9.1Y8.8) in accordance to increasing the length of hydrophilic oligomer showed excellent proton conductivity in range of 131-154 mS cm-1 compared to Nafion-115 (131 mS cm-1) at 90 °C under 100% relative humidity (RH). Among the SPAEK membranes, proton conductivity of SPAEK X9.1Y8.8 (140.7 mS cm-1) is higher than that of Nafion-115 (102 mS cm-1) at 90 °C under 80% RH. The atomic force microscopy image demonstrated that number of ion transport channels is increased with increase in the length of hydrophilic oligomer in the main chains, and the morphology is proved to be related to the proton conductivity. The synthesized SPAEK membrane exhibited a maximum power density of 324 mW cm-2, which is higher than that of Nafion-115 (291 mW cm-2) at 60 °C under 100% RH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Ha Lee
- Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering of Graduate School, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center, and Education Center for Whole Life Cycle R&D of Fuel Cell Systems , Chonbuk National University , Jeonju 54896 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Chu
- Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering of Graduate School, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center, and Education Center for Whole Life Cycle R&D of Fuel Cell Systems , Chonbuk National University , Jeonju 54896 , Republic of Korea
| | | | - Dong Jin Yoo
- Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering of Graduate School, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center, and Education Center for Whole Life Cycle R&D of Fuel Cell Systems , Chonbuk National University , Jeonju 54896 , Republic of Korea
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Li Y, Liang L, Liu C, Li Y, Xing W, Sun J. Self-Healing Proton-Exchange Membranes Composed of Nafion-Poly(vinyl alcohol) Complexes for Durable Direct Methanol Fuel Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1707146. [PMID: 29707857 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Proton-exchange membranes (PEMs) that can heal mechanical damage to restore original functions are important for the fabrication of durable and reliable direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). The fabrication of healable PEMs that exhibit satisfactory mechanical stability, enhanced proton conductivity, and suppressed methanol permeability via hydrogen-bonding complexation between Nafion and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) followed by postmodification with 4-carboxybenzaldehyde (CBA) molecules is presented. Compared with pure Nafion, the CBA/Nafion-PVA membranes exhibit enhanced mechanical properties with an ultimate tensile strength of ≈20.3 MPa and strain of ≈380%. The CBA/Nafion-PVA membrane shows a proton conductivity of 0.11 S cm-1 at 80 °C, which is 1.2-fold higher than that of a Nafion membrane. The incorporated PVA gives the CBA/Nafion-PVA membranes excellent proton conductivity and methanol resistance. The resulting CBA/Nafion-PVA membranes are capable of healing mechanical damage of several tens of micrometers in size and restoring their original proton conductivity and methanol resistance under the working conditions of DMFCs. The healing property originates from the reversibility of hydrogen-bonding interactions between Nafion and CBA-modified PVA and the high chain mobility of Nafion and CBA-modified PVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Liang Liang
- Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Changpeng Liu
- Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wei Xing
- Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Junqi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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25
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Kumar AG, Singh A, Komber H, Voit B, Tiwari BR, Noori MT, Ghangrekar MM, Banerjee S. Novel Sulfonated Co-poly(ether imide)s Containing Trifluoromethyl, Fluorenyl and Hydroxyl Groups for Enhanced Proton Exchange Membrane Properties: Application in Microbial Fuel Cell. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:14803-14817. [PMID: 29659253 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A hydroxyl group containing new cardo diamine monomer was synthesized, namely 9,9-bis (hydroxy- (4'-amino(3-trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-4-oxy)-phenyl)-9H-fluorene (mixture of isomers, HAPHPF). HAPHPF, along with a sulfonated diamine monomer, 4,4'-diaminostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DSDSA), was used to prepare a series of new sulfonated copolyimides by polycondensation with 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTDA). The degree of sulfonation (DS < 1) was adjusted by the feed ratio of DSDSA/HAPHPF and the copolymers were named as DHN-XX, where XX denotes the mole percentage of DSDSA (XX = 50, 60, and 70). The copolymers showed high molecular weights. The copolymer structure and composition were confirmed by FTIR and NMR techniques. Copolymer membranes were prepared through solution cast route by using dimethyl sulfoxide as a solvent. The membranes showed high thermal, mechanical, hydrolytic and peroxide radical stability, and low water uptake and low swelling ratios. Well-separated hydrophilic and hydrophobic phase morphology was observed in TEM and AFM images of the copolymer membranes and was further supported by the SAXS studies. The proton conductivity of the DHN-70 was as high as 97 mS cm-1 at 80 °C and the value is significantly higher than that of the nonhydroxylated analogue. The membranes also showed superior microbial fuel cell (MFC) performance, similar like Nafion 117 under similar test conditions. The chemical oxygen demand removal values provide substantial evidence that the fabricated membranes can be utilized in bioelectrochemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Hohe Strasse 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Hohe Strasse 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany
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Yin C, Li J, Zhou Y, Zhang H, Fang P, He C. Enhancement in Proton Conductivity and Thermal Stability in Nafion Membranes Induced by Incorporation of Sulfonated Carbon Nanotubes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:14026-14035. [PMID: 29620850 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b01513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is one of the most promising green power sources, in which perfluorinated sulfonic acid ionomer-based membranes (e.g., Nafion) are widely used. However, the widespread application of PEMFCs is greatly limited by the sharp degradation in electrochemical properties of the proton exchange membranes under high temperature and low humidity conditions. In this work, the high-performance sulfonated carbon nanotubes/Nafion composite membranes (Su-CNTs/Nafion) for the PEMFCs were prepared and the mechanism of the microstructures on the macroscopic properties of membranes was intensively studied. Microstructure evolution in Nafion membranes during water uptake was investigated by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, and results strongly showed that the Su-CNTs or CNTs in Nafion composite membranes significantly reinforced Nafion matrices, which influenced the development of ionic-water clusters in them. Proton conductivities in Su-CNTs/Nafion composite membranes were remarkably enhanced due to the mass formation of proton-conducting pathways (water channels) along the Su-CNTs. In particular, these pathways along Su-CNTs in Su-CNTs/Nafion membranes interconnected the isolated ionic-water clusters at low humidity and resulted in less tortuosity of the water channel network for proton transportation at high humidity. At a high temperature of 135 °C, Su-CNTs/Nafion membranes maintained high proton conductivity because the reinforcement of Su-CNTs on Nafion matrices reduced the evaporation of water molecules from membranes as well as the hydrophilic Su-CNTs were helpful for binding water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongshan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Solid State Physics Hubei Province, School of Physics and Technology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Solid State Physics Hubei Province, School of Physics and Technology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Yawei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Solid State Physics Hubei Province, School of Physics and Technology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Haining Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing , Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070 , China
| | - Pengfei Fang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Solid State Physics Hubei Province, School of Physics and Technology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Chunqing He
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Solid State Physics Hubei Province, School of Physics and Technology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
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Yao Z, Cui M, Zhang Z, Wu L, Xu T. Silane Cross-Linked Sulfonted Poly(Ether Ketone/Ether Benzimidazole)s for Fuel Cell Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9120631. [PMID: 30965939 PMCID: PMC6418644 DOI: 10.3390/polym9120631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane (KH-560) was incorporated in various proportions into side-chain-type sulfonated poly(ether ketone/ether benzimidazole) (SPEKEBI) as a crosslinker, to make membranes with high ion exchange capacities and excellent performance for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Systematical measurements including Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) proved the complete disappearance of epoxy groups in KH-560 and the existence of Si in the membranes. The resulting membranes showed increased mechanical strength and thermal stability compared to the unmodified sulfonated poly(ether ketone/ether benzimidazole) membrane in appropriate doping amount. Meanwhile, the methanol permeability has decreased, leading to the increase of relative selectivities of SPEKEBI-x-SiO₂ membranes. Furthermore, the H₂/O₂ cell performance of SPEKEBI-2.5-SiO₂ membrane showed a much higher peak power density compared with the pure SPEKEBI memrbrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilu Yao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Mengbing Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Zhenghui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Liang Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Tongwen Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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