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Idris AH, Che Abdullah CA, Yusof NA, Asmawi AA, Abdul Rahman MB. Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Co-Loaded with Docetaxel and Magnetic Nanoparticles: Physicochemical Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051319. [PMID: 37242561 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is currently the most prevalent cause of cancer mortality due to late diagnosis and lack of curative therapies. Docetaxel (Dtx) is clinically proven as effective, but poor aqueous solubility and non-selective cytotoxicity limit its therapeutic efficacy. In this work, a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) loaded with iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) and Dtx (Dtx-MNLC) was developed as a potential theranostic agent for lung cancer treatment. The amount of IONP and Dtx loaded into the Dtx-MNLC was quantified using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography. Dtx-MNLC was then subjected to an assessment of physicochemical characteristics, in vitro drug release, and cytotoxicity. Dtx loading percentage was determined at 3.98% w/w, and 0.36 mg/mL IONP was loaded into the Dtx-MNLC. The formulation showed a biphasic drug release in a simulated cancer cell microenvironment, where 40% of Dtx was released for the first 6 h, and 80% cumulative release was achieved after 48 h. Dtx-MNLC exhibited higher cytotoxicity to A549 cells than MRC5 in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the toxicity of Dtx-MNLC to MRC5 was lower than the commercial formulation. In conclusion, Dtx-MNLC shows the efficacy to inhibit lung cancer cell growth, yet it reduced toxicity on healthy lung cells and is potentially capable as a theranostic agent for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auni Hamimi Idris
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Kuantan 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Che Azurahanim Che Abdullah
- Integrated Chemical BioPhysics Research, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azah Yusof
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azren Aida Asmawi
- Integrated Chemical BioPhysics Research, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman
- Integrated Chemical BioPhysics Research, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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2
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Huang Y, Kou Q, Su Y, Lu L, Li X, Jiang H, Gui R, Huang R, Nie X, Li J. Combination therapy based on dual-target biomimetic nano-delivery system for overcoming cisplatin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:89. [PMID: 36918874 PMCID: PMC10015699 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01840-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Strategies to overcome toxicity and drug resistance caused by chemotherapeutic drugs for targeted therapy against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are urgently needed. Previous studies revealed that high oxidored-nitro domain-containing protein 1(NOR1) expression in HCC was associated with cisplatin (DDP) resistance. Herein, a novel dual-targeting nanocarrier system AR-NADR was generated for the treatment of DDP resistance in HCC. The core of the nanocarrier system is the metal-organic frameworks (MOF) modified with nuclear location sequence (NLS), which loading with DDP and NOR1 shRNA (R). The shell is an A54 peptide inserted into the erythrocyte membrane (AR). Our results show that AR-NADR efficiently internalized by tumor cells due to its specific binding to the A54 receptors that are abundantly expressed on the surface of HCC cells and NLS peptide-mediated nuclear entry. Additionally, DDP is more likely to be released due to the degradation of Ag-MOF in the acidic tumor microenvironment. Moreover, by acting as a vector for gene delivery, AR-NADR effectively inhibits tumor drug resistance by suppressing the expression of NOR1, which induces intracellular DDP accumulation and makes cells sensitive to DDP. Finally, the anti-HCC efficacy and mechanisms of AR-NADR were systematically elucidated by a HepG2/DDP cell model as well as a tumor model. Therefore, AR-NADR constitutes a key strategy to achieve excellent gene silencing and antitumor efficacy, which provides effective gene therapy and precise treatment strategies for cisplatin resistance in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufen Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Qinjie Kou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yanrong Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xisheng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Haiye Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Gui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xinmin Nie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic Health Detection, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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3
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Hybrid Magnetic Lipid-Based Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030751. [PMID: 36986612 PMCID: PMC10058222 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major public health problems worldwide. Despite the advances in cancer therapy, it remains a challenge due to the low specificity of treatment and the development of multidrug resistance mechanisms. To overcome these drawbacks, several drug delivery nanosystems have been investigated, among them, magnetic nanoparticles (MNP), especially superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION), which have been applied for treating cancer. MNPs have the ability to be guided to the tumor microenvironment through an external applied magnetic field. Furthermore, in the presence of an alternating magnetic field (AMF) this nanocarrier can transform electromagnetic energy in heat (above 42 °C) through Néel and Brown relaxation, which makes it applicable for hyperthermia treatment. However, the low chemical and physical stability of MNPs makes their coating necessary. Thus, lipid-based nanoparticles, especially liposomes, have been used to encapsulate MNPs to improve their stability and enable their use as a cancer treatment. This review addresses the main features that make MNPs applicable for treating cancer and the most recent research in the nanomedicine field using hybrid magnetic lipid-based nanoparticles for this purpose.
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4
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Fang WY, Zhan YY, Wan CL, Li XJ, Xue R, Pei FK. Synthesis and characterization of a macromolecular magnetic resonance imaging and delivery system with hyaluronic acid as a carrier. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 639:183-188. [PMID: 36502552 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.11.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Using hyaluronic acid (HA) as macromolecular drug carriers, a glutathione-responsive imaging drug delivery system HA-SS-a-Gd-DOTA was formed by conjugating gadolinium chelates and cytarabine. This system exhibited T1-reflexivity (21.9 mmol-1 L s-1, 0.5 T) that was higher than that of gadoterate meglumine. In an acidic environment, in vitro drug release reached 63.4% in 24 h. Low cytotoxicity indicated that this system has good biocompatibility. In vivo mouse imaging studies showed that tumor signaling was significantly enhanced. About 58% of the signal enhancement was obtained 50 min after injection of the drug. The degradation of the hyaluronic acid macromolecular chains in vivo makes it an ideal tumor imaging diagnostic agent because it did not cause damage to important organs of the mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yun Fang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - You-Yang Zhan
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chuan-Ling Wan
- College of Science &Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Huanghua, 061100, China; School of Architecture, Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Li
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Rong Xue
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Feng-Kui Pei
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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Scialla S, Genicio N, Brito B, Florek-Wojciechowska M, Stasiuk GJ, Kruk D, Bañobre-López M, Gallo J. Insights into the Effect of Magnetic Confinement on the Performance of Magnetic Nanocomposites in Magnetic Hyperthermia and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2022; 5:16462-16474. [PMID: 36569339 PMCID: PMC9778729 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.2c03537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The combination of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and lipid matrices enables the integration of imaging, drug delivery, and therapy functionalities into smart theranostic nanocomposites. SPION confinement creates new interactions primarily among the embedded SPIONs and then between the nanocomposites and the surroundings. Understanding the parameters that rule these interactions in real interacting (nano)systems still represents a challenge, making it difficult to predict or even explain the final (magnetic) behavior of such systems. Herein, a systematic study focused on the performance of a magnetic nanocomposite as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent and magnetic hyperthermia (MH) effector is presented. The effect of stabilizing agents and magnetic loading on the final physicochemical and, more importantly, functional properties (i.e., blocking temperature, specific absorption rate, relaxivity) was studied in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Scialla
- Advanced
(Magnetic) Theranostic Nanostructures Lab, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330Braga, Portugal
| | - Nuria Genicio
- Advanced
(Magnetic) Theranostic Nanostructures Lab, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330Braga, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Brito
- Advanced
(Magnetic) Theranostic Nanostructures Lab, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330Braga, Portugal
- Department
of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering
and Imaging Sciences, King’s College
London, Strand, LondonSE1 7EH, U.K.
- School
of Life Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, HullHU6 7RX, U.K.
| | - Malgorzata Florek-Wojciechowska
- Department
of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Graeme J. Stasiuk
- Department
of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering
and Imaging Sciences, King’s College
London, Strand, LondonSE1 7EH, U.K.
| | - Danuta Kruk
- Department
of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Manuel Bañobre-López
- Advanced
(Magnetic) Theranostic Nanostructures Lab, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330Braga, Portugal
| | - Juan Gallo
- Advanced
(Magnetic) Theranostic Nanostructures Lab, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330Braga, Portugal
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Kumar R, Dkhar DS, Kumari R, Supratim Mahapatra D, Srivastava A, Dubey VK, Chandra P. Ligand conjugated lipid-based nanocarriers for cancer theranostics. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:3022-3043. [PMID: 35950676 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major health-related issues affecting the population worldwide and subsequently accounts for the second-largest death. Genetic and epigenetic modifications in oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes affect the regulatory systems that lead to the initiation and progression of cancer. Conventional methods, including chemotherapy/radiotherapy/appropriate combinational therapy and surgery, are being widely used for theranostics of cancer patients. Surgery is useful in treating localized tumors, but it is ineffective in treating metastatic tumors, which spread to other organs and result in a high recurrence rate and death. Also, the therapeutic application of free drugs is related to substantial issues such as poor absorption, solubility, bioavailability, high degradation rate, short shelf-life, and low therapeutic index. Therefore, these issues can be sorted out using nano lipid-based carriers (NLBCs) as promising drug delivery carriers. Still, at most, they fail to achieve site targeted drug delivery and detection. This can be achieved by selecting a specific ligand/antibody for its cognate receptor molecule expressed on the surface of cancer cell. In this review, we have mainly discussed the various types of ligands used to decorate NLBCs. A list of the ligands used to design nanocarriers to target malignant cells has been extensively undertaken. The approved ligand decorated lipid-based nanomedicines with their clinical status has been explained in tabulated form to provide a wider scope to the readers regarding ligand coupled NLBCs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Daphika S Dkhar
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Rohini Kumari
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Divya Supratim Mahapatra
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Ananya Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Vikash Kumar Dubey
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Pranjal Chandra
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
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7
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Zhao D, Cao J, Zhang L, Zhang S, Wu S. Targeted Molecular Imaging Probes Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis and Treatment. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12050342. [PMID: 35624643 PMCID: PMC9138815 DOI: 10.3390/bios12050342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most commonly malignant tumor and the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the world, and the early diagnosis and treatment of patients with HCC is core in improving its prognosis. The early diagnosis of HCC depends largely on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI has good soft-tissue resolution, which is the international standard method for the diagnosis of HCC. However, MRI is still insufficient in the diagnosis of some early small HCCs and malignant nodules, resulting in false negative results. With the deepening of research on HCC, researchers have found many specific molecular biomarkers on the surface of HCC cells, which may assist in diagnosis and treatment. On the other hand, molecular imaging has progressed rapidly in recent years, especially in the field of cancer theranostics. Hence, the preparation of molecular imaging probes that can specifically target the biomarkers of HCC, combined with MRI testing in vivo, may achieve the theranostic purpose of HCC in the early stage. Therefore, in this review, taking MR imaging as the basic point, we summarized the recent progress regarding the molecular imaging targeting various types of biomarkers on the surface of HCC cells to improve the theranostic rate of HCC. Lastly, we discussed the existing obstacles and future prospects of developing molecular imaging probes as HCC theranostic nanoplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen 518000, China;
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou 215006, China;
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Center of Interventional Radiology & Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen 518000, China;
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen 518000, China;
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (S.W.)
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8
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Jiang Y, Lee J, Seo JM, Davaa E, Shin KJ, Yang SG. Enhanced thermodynamic, pharmacokinetic and theranostic properties of polymeric micelles via hydrophobic core-clustering of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Biomater Res 2022; 26:8. [PMID: 35256008 PMCID: PMC8900364 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-022-00255-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) have been applied for decades to design theranostic polymeric micelles for targeted cancer therapy and diagnostic MR imaging. However, the effects of SPIO on the physicochemical, and biological properties of polymeric micelles have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, we investigated potential effect of SPIO on the physical and biological properties of theranostic polymeric micelles using representative cancer drug (doxorubicin; Doxo) and polymer carrier (i.e., poly (ethylene glycol)-co-poly(D,L-lactide), PEG-PLA). Methods SPIO were synthesized from Fe(acetyl acetonate)3 in an aryl ether. SPIO and Doxo were loaded into the polymeric micelles by a solvent-evaporation method. We observed the effect of SPIO-clustering on drug loading, micelle size, thermodynamic stability, and theranostic property of PEG-PLA polymeric micelles. In addition, cellular uptake behaviors, pharmacokinetic and biodistribution study were performed. Results SPIO formed hydrophobic geometric cavity in the micelle core and significantly affected the integrity of micelles in terms of micelle size, Doxo loading, critical micelle concentration (CMC) and in vitro dissociation. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies also showed the enhanced Area Under Curve (AUC) and elongated the half-life of Doxo. Conclusions Clustered SPIO in micelles largely affects not only MR imaging properties but also biological and physical properties of polymeric micelles. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40824-022-00255-9.
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Miao Y, Yang T, Yang S, Yang M, Mao C. Protein nanoparticles directed cancer imaging and therapy. NANO CONVERGENCE 2022; 9:2. [PMID: 34997888 PMCID: PMC8742799 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-021-00293-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer has been a serious threat to human health. Among drug delivery carriers, protein nanoparticles are unique because of their mild and environmentally friendly preparation methods. They also inherit desired characteristics from natural proteins, such as biocompatibility and biodegradability. Therefore, they have solved some problems inherent to inorganic nanocarriers such as poor biocompatibility. Also, the surface groups and cavity of protein nanoparticles allow for easy surface modification and drug loading. Besides, protein nanoparticles can be combined with inorganic nanoparticles or contrast agents to form multifunctional theranostic platforms. This review introduces representative protein nanoparticles applicable in cancer theranostics, including virus-like particles, albumin nanoparticles, silk protein nanoparticles, and ferritin nanoparticles. It also describes the common methods for preparing them. It then critically analyzes the use of a variety of protein nanoparticles in improved cancer imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Miao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuxu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Mingying Yang
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Science Research Center, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK, 73019-5251, USA.
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10
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Bao G, Sun J, Zheng H, Hou J, Huang J, Wei J, Fu Y, Qiu J, Zou X, Xiang B, Cai J. Visualization of microRNA-21 Dynamics in Neuroblastoma Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging Based on a microRNA-21-Responsive Reporter Gene. Front Oncol 2021; 11:747305. [PMID: 34804934 PMCID: PMC8602822 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.747305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRs) have been shown to be closely associated with the occurrence and development of tumors and to have potential as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. The detection of miRs by noninvasive imaging technology is crucial for deeply understanding their biological functions. Our aim was to develop a novel miR-21-responsive gene reporter system for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) visualization of the miR-21 dynamics in neuroblastoma. Methods The reporter gene ferritin heavy chain (FTH1) was modified by the addition of 3 copies of the sequence completely complementary to miR-21 (3xC_miR-21) to its 3’-untranslated region (3’ UTR) and transduced into SK-N-SH cells to obtain SK-N-SH/FTH1-3xC_miR-21 cells. Then, the antagomiR-21 was delivered into cells by graphene oxide functionalized with polyethylene glycol and dendrimer. Before and after antagomiR-21 delivery, FTH1 expression, MRI contrast and intracellular iron uptake were assayed in vitro and in vivo. Results In the SK-N-SH/FTH1-3xC_miR-21 cells, FTH1 expression was in an “off” state due to the combination of intratumoral miR-21 with the 3’ UTR of the reporter gene. AntagomiR-21 delivered into the cells bound to miR-21 and thereby released it from the 3’ UTR of the reporter gene, thus “switching on” FTH1 expression in a dose-dependent manner. This phenomenon resulted in intracellular iron accumulation and allowed MRI detection in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion MRI based on the miR-21-responsive gene reporter may be a potential method for visualization of the endogenous miR-21 activity in neuroblastoma and its response to gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangcheng Bao
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Department of Radiology, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Helin Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingxin Hou
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanqiao Fu
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiawen Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuefeng Zou
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bin Xiang
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinhua Cai
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
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Iron Oxide Nanoparticle-Based Hyperthermia as a Treatment Option in Various Gastrointestinal Malignancies. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11113013. [PMID: 34835777 PMCID: PMC8622891 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticle-based hyperthermia is an emerging field in cancer treatment. The hyperthermia is primarily achieved by two differing methods: magnetic fluid hyperthermia and photothermal therapy. In magnetic fluid hyperthermia, the iron oxide nanoparticles are heated by an alternating magnetic field through Brownian and Néel relaxation. In photothermal therapy, the hyperthermia is mainly generated by absorption of light, thereby converting electromagnetic waves into thermal energy. By use of iron oxide nanoparticles, this effect can be enhanced. Both methods are promising tools in cancer treatment and are, therefore, also explored for gastrointestinal malignancies. Here, we provide an extensive literature research on both therapy options for the most common gastrointestinal malignancies (esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancer, colorectal liver metastases, hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer). As many of these rank in the top ten of cancer-related deaths, novel treatment strategies are urgently needed. This review describes the efforts undertaken in vitro and in vivo.
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12
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Meng X, Wang J, Zhou J, Tian Q, Qie B, Zhou G, Duan W, Zhu Y. Tumor cell membrane-based peptide delivery system targeting the tumor microenvironment for cancer immunotherapy and diagnosis. Acta Biomater 2021; 127:266-275. [PMID: 33813091 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The development of an effective delivery system for peptides targeting the tumor microenvironment has always been a hot topic of research in the field of cancer diagnosis and therapy. In this study, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO NPs) were encapsulated with H460 lung cancer cell membranes (SPIO NP@M), and two peptides, namely PD-L1 inhibitory peptide (TPP1) and MMP2 substrate peptide (PLGLLG), were conjugated to the H460 membrane (SPIO NP@M-P). Homologous targeting, cytotoxicity, and pharmacokinetics of SPIO NP@M-P were evaluated. The TPP1 peptide was delivered and released to the tumor microenvironment through the homotypic effect of tumor cell membrane and specific digestion by the tumor-specific enzyme MMP2. The newly developed delivery system (SPIO NP@M-P) for the PD-L1 inhibitory peptide could effectively extend the half-life of the peptides (60 times longer than that for peptides alone) and could maintain the ability to reactivate T cells and inhibit the tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, SPIO NPs in the system could be used as a tumor imaging agent and thus show the effect of peptide treatment. The SPIO NP@M might serve as a promising theranostic platform for therapeutic application of peptides in cancer therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: A multifunctional delivery system (SPIO NP@M) was constructed for effectively delivering therapeutic peptides into the tumor microenvironment for cancer diagnosis and therapy. In this paper, the TPP-1 peptide inhibiting the binding of PD-L1 and PD-1 was delivered and released into the tumor microenvironment by the homotypic targeting of H460 cell membrane and specific digestion by the MMP2 enzyme. SPIO NPs in this system were aggregated effectively at the tumor sites and were used for magnetic resonance imaging of tumors. The SPIO NP@M-P delivery system could effectively extend the half-life of the TPP-1 peptide (60 times longer than that of the free peptide) and could maintain the ability to re-activate T cells and inhibit tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, the SPIO NP@M system coated with lung cancer cell membrane and loaded with the PD-L1-blocking TPP-1 peptide could be a promising integrated platform for tumor diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhou Meng
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface Research, Division of Nano biomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jundong Zhou
- Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Cancer Center, Core Lab, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingmei Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Bo Qie
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface Research, Division of Nano biomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Gan Zhou
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface Research, Division of Nano biomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wei Duan
- GenePharma-Deakin Joint laboratory of Aptamer Medicine, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface Research, Division of Nano biomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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13
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Jaiswal S, Dutta P, Kumar S, Chawla R. Chitosan modified by organo-functionalities as an efficient nanoplatform for anti-cancer drug delivery process. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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14
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Xu S, Wang J, Wei Y, Zhao H, Tao T, Wang H, Wang Z, Du J, Wang H, Qian J, Ma K, Wang J. In Situ One-Pot Synthesis of Fe 2O 3@BSA Core-Shell Nanoparticles as Enhanced T 1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imagine Contrast Agents. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:56701-56711. [PMID: 33296181 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ultra-small-sized iron oxide nanoparticles with good biocompatibility are regarded as promising alternatives for the gadolinium-based contrast agents, which are widely used as a positive contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the current preparation of the iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles with small sizes usually involves organic solvents, increasing the complexity of hydrophilic ligand replacement and reducing the synthesis efficiency. It remains a great challenge to explore new iron oxide nanoparticles with good biocompatibility and a high T1 contrast effect. Here, we reported a cage-like protein architecture self-assembled by approximately 6-7 BSA (bovine serum albumin) subunits. The BSA nanocage was then used as a biotemplate to synthesize uniformed and monodispersed Fe2O3@BSA nanoparticles with ultra-small sizes (∼3.5 nm). The Fe2O3@BSA nanoparticle showed a high r1 value of 6.8 mM-1 s-1 and a low r2/r1 ratio of 10.6 at a 3 T magnetic field. Compared to Gd-DTPA, the brighter signal and prolonged angiographic effect of Fe2O3@BSA nanoparticles could greatly benefit steady-state and high-resolution imaging. The further in vivo and in vitro assessments of stability, toxicity, and renal clearance indicated a substantial potential as a T1 contrast agent in preclinical MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230036, P.R. China
| | - Jiarong Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P.R. China
| | - Hongxin Zhao
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P.R. China
| | - Tongxiang Tao
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230036, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230036, P.R. China
| | - Juan Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P.R. China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- Hefei Cancer Hospital, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P.R. China
| | - Junchao Qian
- Hefei Cancer Hospital, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P.R. China
| | - Kun Ma
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P.R. China
| | - Junfeng Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230036, P.R. China
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
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15
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Malla RR, Kumari S, Kgk D, Momin S, Nagaraju GP. Nanotheranostics: Their role in hepatocellular carcinoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 151:102968. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.102968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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16
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Zhu Q, Ding W, Li S, Li F, Hu Y, Ya S, Luo T, Gao D, Qiu B. On-Chip Sonoporation-Based Flow Cytometric Magnetic Labeling. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:3187-3196. [PMID: 33463290 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tracing magnetically labeled cells with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an emerging and promising approach to uncover in vivo behaviors of cells in cell therapy. Today, existing methods for the magnetic labeling of cells are cumbersome and time-consuming, which has greatly limited the progress of such studies on cell therapy. Thus, in this study, using the flow cytometric loading technology, we develop a sonoporation-based microfluidic chip (i.e., a microfluidic chip integrated with ultrasound; MCU), to achieve the safe, instant, convenient, and continuous magnetic labeling of cells. For the MCU we designed, a suitable group of operating conditions for safely and efficiently loading superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles into DC2.4 cells was identified experimentally. Under the identified operating conditions, the DC2.4 cells could be labeled in approximately 2 min with high viability (94%) and a high labeling quantity of SPIO nanoparticles (19 pg of iron per cell). In addition, the proliferative functions of the cells were also well maintained after labeling. Furthermore, the in vivo imaging ability of the DC2.4 cells labeled using the MCU was verified by injecting the labeled cells into the leg muscle of the C57BL/6 mice. The results show that the excellent imaging outcome can be continuously achieved for 7 days at a density of 106 cells/mL. This work can provide insight for the design of magnetic cell labeling devices and promote the MRI-based study of cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwei Zhu
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Weiping Ding
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Shibo Li
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Fenfen Li
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Shengnan Ya
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Tianzhi Luo
- Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Dayong Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Bensheng Qiu
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
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17
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Mi P, Cabral H, Kataoka K. Ligand-Installed Nanocarriers toward Precision Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1902604. [PMID: 31353770 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Development of drug-delivery systems that selectively target neoplastic cells has been a major goal of nanomedicine. One major strategy for achieving this milestone is to install ligands on the surface of nanocarriers to enhance delivery to target tissues, as well as to enhance internalization of nanocarriers by target cells, which improves accuracy, efficacy, and ultimately enhances patient outcomes. Herein, recent advances regarding the development of ligand-installed nanocarriers are introduced and the effect of their design on biological performance is discussed. Besides academic achievements, progress on ligand-installed nanocarriers in clinical trials is presented, along with the challenges faced by these formulations. Lastly, the future perspectives of ligand-installed nanocarriers are discussed, with particular emphasis on their potential for emerging precision therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Mi
- Department of Radiology, Center for Medical Imaging, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17 People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Innovation Center of Nanomedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
- Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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18
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Targeting strategies for superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in cancer therapy. Acta Biomater 2020; 102:13-34. [PMID: 31759124 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Among various nanoparticles, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been increasingly studied for their excellent superparamagnetism, magnetic heating properties, and enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The conjugation of SPIONs with drugs to obtain delivery nanosystems has several advantages including magnetic targeted functionalization, in vivo imaging, magnetic thermotherapy, and combined delivery of anticancer agents. To further increase the targeting efficiency of drugs through a delivery nanosystem based on SPIONs, additional targeting moieties including transferrin, antibodies, aptamers, hyaluronic acid, folate, and targeting peptides are coated onto the surface of SPIONs. Therefore, this review summarizes the latest progresses in the conjugation of targeting molecules and drug delivery nanosystems based on SPIONs, especially focusing on their performances to develop efficient targeted drug delivery systems for tumor therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Some magnetic nanoparticle-based nanocarriers loaded with drugs were evaluated in patients and did not produce convincing results, leading to termination of clinical development in phase II/III. An alternative strategy for drug delivery systems based on SPIONs is the conjugation of these systems with targeting segments such as transferrin, antibodies, aptamers, hyaluronic acid, folate, and targeting peptides. These targeting moieties can be recognized by specific integrin/receptors that are overexpressed specifically on the tumor cell surface, resulting in minimizing dosage and reducing off-target effects. This review focuses on magnetic nanoparticle-based nonviral drug delivery systems with targeting moieties to deliver anticancer drugs, with an aim to provide suggestions on the development of SPIONs through discussion.
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19
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Sun J, Li X, Chen A, Cai W, Peng X, Li L, Fan B, Wang L, Zhang H, Zhang R. A Dual-Modality MR/PA Imaging Contrast Agent Based on Ultrasmall Biopolymer Nanoparticles for Orthotopic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Imaging. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:9893-9904. [PMID: 31908447 PMCID: PMC6924661 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s219794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer death and early stage diagnosis can greatly increase the survival rate of patient. However, the accurate detection of HCC remains an urgent challenge in medical diagnosis. The combination of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI) are conducive for accurate locating of cancerous tissue. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a more facile and biosafe dual-modal contrast agent for orthotopic HCC detection. METHODS In this study, a promising contrast agent had been identified based on gadolinium chelated melanin nanoparticles and evaluated its usage as a dual-modal T1 MRI and PAI contrast agent for orthotopic HCC detection. RESULTS The gadolinium-based melanin nanoparticles presented ultrasmall size, high chelation stability and negligible cytotoxicity estimated by CCK-8 assay. Moreover, the nanoparticle exhibited higher r1 relaxivity (45.762 mM-1 s-1) than clinically approved Gadodiamide (4.975 mM-1 s-1) at 1.5 T MR scanning. A linear regression analysis confirmed that the nanoparticles were ideal candidates for PAI in vitro. After the nanoparticles were injected into vein in mice with orthotopic HCC, a dramatic increase in signal of the liver was observed at 0.5 hr by MRI and PAI, while the tumor exerted remarkable signal enhancement at 7 hrs, showing excellent detection sensitivity. In addition, the nanoparticles exhibited excellent biocompatibility and they can be excreted through both hepatobiliary and renal pathways after diagnosis. CONCLUSION These results indicate that the ultrasmall gadolinium chelated melanin nanoparticles is a promising candidate as a dual-modal MRI/PAI contrast agent for the detection of orthotopic HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Sun
- Center for Translational Medicine Research, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030001, People’s Republic of China
- Imaging Department, The Affiliated Da Yi Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Imaging Department, The Affiliated Da Yi Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Anqi Chen
- Imaging Department, The Affiliated Da Yi Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Cai
- Imaging Department, The Affiliated Da Yi Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyang Peng
- Center for Translational Medicine Research, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liping Li
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Fan
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingjie Wang
- Imaging Department, The Affiliated Da Yi Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanhu Zhang
- The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- Imaging Department, The Affiliated Da Yi Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030000, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Micelles modified with a chitosan-derived homing peptide for targeted intracellular delivery of ginsenoside compound K to liver cancer cells. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 230:115576. [PMID: 31887962 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenoside compound K (CK), a major metabolite of protopanaxadiol ginsenosides, exhibits significant anticancer activities against various cancer cells. However, CK has poor water solubility and low bioavailability, which have limited its application. In this study, A54 peptide was utilized to fabricate CK-loaded micelles (APD-CK) for liver targeting, using deoxycholic acid-O-carboxymethyl chitosan as the vehicle. The average particle size of APD-CK micelles was about 171.4 nm by dynamic light scattering in the hydrated state and their morphology were spherical with good dispersion. An in vitro release assay indicated pH-responsive and sustained release behavior through a mechanism of non-Fickian diffusion. Moreover, the in vitro cytotoxicity of the APD-CK micelles against HepG2 and Huh-7 cells was significantly stronger than that of CK up to 20 μg/mL. Enhanced cellular uptake of micelles in both cell types was established using confocal fluorescence scanning microscopy and flow cytometry. In addition, western blot analysis revealed that APD-CK micelles could promote the protein expression levels of caspase-3, caspase-9, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. Therefore, APD-CK micelles are a potential vehicle for delivering hydrophobic drugs in liver cancer therapy, enhancing drug targeting and anticancer activity.
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21
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Dowaidar M, Nasser Abdelhamid H, Hällbrink M, Langel Ü, Zou X. Chitosan enhances gene delivery of oligonucleotide complexes with magnetic nanoparticles-cell-penetrating peptide. J Biomater Appl 2019; 33:392-401. [PMID: 30223733 DOI: 10.1177/0885328218796623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Gene-based therapies, including the delivery of oligonucleotides, offer promising methods for the treatment of cancer cells. However, they have various limitations including low efficiency. Herein, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs)-conjugated chitosan-modified iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (CPPs-CTS@MNPs) with high biocompatibility as well as high efficiency were tested for the delivery of oligonucleotides such as plasmid pGL3, splice correction oligonucleotides, and small-interfering RNA. A biocompatible nanocomposite, in which CTS@MNPs was incorporated in non-covalent complex with CPPs-oligonucleotide, is developed. Modifying the surface of magnetic nanoparticles with cationic chitosan-modified iron oxide improved the performance of magnetic nanoparticles-CPPs for oligonucleotide delivery. CPPs-CTS@MNPs complexes enhance oligonucleotide transfection compared to CPPs@MNPs or CPPs. The hydrophilic character of CTS@MNPs improves complexation with plasmid pGL3, splice correction oligonucleotides, and small-interfering RNA payload, which consequently resulted in not only strengthening the colloidal stability of the constructed complex but also improving their biocompatibility. Transfection using PF14-splice correction oligonucleotides-CTS@MNPs showed sixfold increase of the transfection compared to splice correction oligonucleotides-PF14 that showed higher transfection than the commercially available lipid-based vector Lipofectamine™ 2000. Nanoscaled CPPs-CTS@MNPs comprise a new family of biomaterials that can circumvent some of the limitations of CPPs or magnetic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moataz Dowaidar
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University
| | - Hani Nasser Abdelhamid
- 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assuit University Assuit, Egypt.,3 Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Ülo Langel
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University
| | - Xiaodong Zou
- 3 Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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22
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Slabu I, Wiemer K, Steitz J, Liffmann R, Mues B, Eisold S, Caumanns T, Mayer J, Kuhl CK, Schmitz-Rode T, Simon U. Size-Tailored Biocompatible FePt Nanoparticles for Dual T1/ T2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Enhancement. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:10424-10434. [PMID: 31306025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of new contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is of high interest, especially because of the increased concerns of patient safety and quick clearance of clinically used gadolinium and iron oxide-based CAs, respectively. Here, a two-step synthesis of superparamagnetic water-soluble iron platinum (FePt) nanoparticles (NPs) with core sizes between 2 and 8 nm for use as CAs in MRI is reported. First, wet-chemical organometallic NPs are synthesized by thermal decomposition in the presence of stabilizing oleic acid and oleylamine. Second, the hydrophobic NPs are coated with an amphiphilic polymer and transferred into aqueous media. Their magnetization values and relaxation rates exceed those published for CAs already used for clinical application. Their saturation magnetization increases with the core size to approximately 82 A·m2/kgFe. For 8 nm NPs, the T2 relaxivity of approximately 221 (mM·s)-1 is 5 times larger than that for the ferumoxides, and for 6 nm NPs, the T1 relaxivity of approximately 12 (mM·s)-1 is slightly higher than that of ultrasmall gadolinium oxide NPs. The 6 nm FePt NPs are identified as excellent CAs for both T1 and T2 imaging. Most importantly, because of their coating, significantly low cytotoxicity is achieved. FePt NPs prove to be a promising alternative to gadolinium and iron oxide NPs showing high-quality CA characteristics for both T1- and T2-weighted images.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katharina Wiemer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen 52056 , Germany
| | | | - Rebecca Liffmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen 52056 , Germany
| | | | - Sabine Eisold
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen 52056 , Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Ulrich Simon
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen 52056 , Germany
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23
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Huang Q, Liu Y, Zheng L, Wu L, Zhou Z, Chen J, Chen W, Zhao H. Biocompatible iron(II)-doped carbon dots as T 1-weighted magnetic resonance contrast agents and fluorescence imaging probes. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:492. [PMID: 31267240 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3593-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The one-pot synthesis of iron-doped carbon quantum dots (Fe-CQDs) for use as both magnetic resonance (MR) and fluorescent (dual-mode) imaging nanoprobes is described. Comprehensive characterizations of the material confirmed the successful doping of the CQDs with Fe(II) ions. The imaging probe has a longitudinal relaxivity of 3.92 mM-1∙s-1 and a low r2/r1 ratio of 1.27, both of which are critical for T1-weighted contrast agents. The maximum emission of Fe-CQDs locates at 450 nm under 375 nm excitation, which also can be applied to fluorescence imaging. Biotoxicity assessment showed good biocompatibility of the Fe-CQDs. The in-vitro experiments with A549 cells indicated that the Fe-CQDs are viable candidates as dual-mode (MR/fluorescence) imaging nanoprobes. For in-vivo experiments, they exhibit high contrast efficiency, thereby improving the positive contrast in T1-weighted MR images. In-vivo time-dependent MRI of major organs showed that the Fe-CQDs undergo fast glomerular filtration and can evade immuno-absorption due to their ultra-small size and excellent biocompatibility. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of the synthesis of Fe-CQDs and applications to magnetic resonance and fluorescent dual-mode imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Huang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Linling Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Liping Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhengyu Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jiafei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Huawen Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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24
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Zhang Y, Ni Q, Xu C, Wan B, Geng Y, Zheng G, Yang Z, Tao J, Zhao Y, Wen J, Zhang J, Wang S, Tang Y, Li Y, Zhang Q, Liu L, Teng Z, Lu G. Smart Bacterial Magnetic Nanoparticles for Tumor-Targeting Magnetic Resonance Imaging of HER2-Positive Breast Cancers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:3654-3665. [PMID: 30495920 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b15838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Supersensitive magnetic resonance (MR) imaging requires contrast with extremely high r2 values. However, synthesized magnetic nanoparticles generally have a relatively low r2 relaxivity. Magnetosomes with high saturation magnetization and good biocompatibility have shown potential values as MR imaging contrast agents. Magnetosomes that target human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) were prepared using genetic technology and low-frequency sonication. Anti-HER2 affibody of the ability to target HER2 was displayed on the membrane surface of the magnetosomes through the anchor protein MamC, allowing the bacterial nanoparticles to target tumors overexpressing HER2. The prepared nanoparticles exhibited a very high relaxivity of 599.74 mM-1 s-1 and better dispersion, and their ability to target HER2 was demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. Also, the HER2-targeting magnetosomes significantly enhanced the MR imaging of orthotopic breast cancer models with or without HER2 expression using a 7.0 T scanner. In particular, tumors overexpressing HER2 demonstrated better MR imaging than HER2-negative tumors after intravenous administration of HER2-targeting magnetosomes, and the MR signals of the augmented contrast could be detected from 3 to 24 h. The magnetosomes did not cause any notable pathogenic effect in the animals. Therefore, we expect that noninvasive imaging of tumors using HER2-targeting magnetosomes has potential for clinical applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlei Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Ni
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Chaoli Xu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Jinling Hospital , Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing 210002 , Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Bing Wan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine , The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 210002 , P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences , China Agricultural University , Yuanmingyuan West Road 2 , Beijing 100193 , P. R. China
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Zhenlu Yang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Jun Tao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Shouju Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Yuxia Tang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Qirui Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Zhaogang Teng
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Guangming Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu , P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , P. R. China
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25
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Combined delivery of angiopoietin-1 gene and simvastatin mediated by anti-intercellular adhesion molecule-1 antibody-conjugated ternary nanoparticles for acute lung injury therapy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 15:25-36. [PMID: 30193816 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Effective treatment for acute lung injury (ALI) is in high demand. Lung-targeted ternary nanoparticles containing anti-intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) antibody-conjugated simvastatin-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (ICAM/NLC), protamine (Pro), and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) gene (ICAM-NLC/Pro/Ang) were developed for ALI therapy. The ternary nanoparticles with different weight ratios of ICAM-NLC to Ang-1 gene were prepared via charge interaction. The anti-ICAM-1 antibody-conjugated ternary nanoparticles exhibited higher cellular uptake and transfection efficiency (from 26.7% to 30.9%) in human vascular endothelial cell line EAhy926 than the non-targeted control. The largest size of ICAM-NLC/Pro/Ang (357.1 nm) was employed for further study, which significantly up-regulated in vitro and in vivo Ang-1 protein expression. In vivo i.v. administration of ICAM-NLC/Pro/Ang (357.1 nm) significantly attenuated pulmonary TNF-α and IL-6 levels, inflammatory cell infiltration, and led to positive histological improvements in lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI mice. Collectively, the ICAM-NLC/Pro/Ang that co-delivered simvastatin and Ang-1 gene may represent a potential treatment modality for ALI.
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Zhang NN, Yu RS, Xu M, Cheng XY, Chen CM, Xu XL, Lu CY, Lu KJ, Chen MJ, Zhu ML, Weng QY, Hui JG, Zhang Q, Du YZ, Ji JS. Visual targeted therapy of hepatic cancer using homing peptide modified calcium phosphate nanoparticles loading doxorubicin guided by T1 weighted MRI. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:2167-2178. [PMID: 30017962 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Effective treatment and real-time monitoring of hepatic cancer are essential. A multifunctional calcium phosphate nanoparticles loading chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin and magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid gadolinium (A54-CaP/Gd-DTPA/DOX) was developed for visual targeted therapy of hepatic cancer via T1-weighted MRI in real-time. A54-CaP/Gd-DTPA/DOX exhibited a higher longitudinal relaxivity (6.02 mM-1 s-1) than commercial MR contrast agent Gd-DTPA (3.3765 mM-1 s-1). The DOX release from the nanoparticles exhibited a pH dependent behavior. The cellular uptake results showed that the internalization of A54-CaP/Gd-DTPA/DOX into BEL-7402 cells was1.9-fold faster than that of HepG2 cells via A54 binding. In vivo experiments presented that A54-CaP/Gd-DTPA/DOX had higher distribution and longer retention time in tumor tissue than CaP/Gd-DTPA/DOX and free DOX, and also displayed great antitumor efficacy (95.38% tumor inhibition rate) and lower toxicity. Furthermore, the Gd-DTPA entrapped in the nanoparticles could provide T1-weighted MRI for real-time monitoring the progress of tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Nan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China; Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ri-Sheng Yu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China
| | - Xing-Yao Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China
| | - Chun-Miao Chen
- Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen-Ying Lu
- Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China
| | - Kong-Jun Lu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min-Jiang Chen
- Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China
| | - Meng-Lu Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, PR China
| | - Qiao-You Weng
- Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China
| | - Jun-Guo Hui
- Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Zhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jian-Song Ji
- Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, China.
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