1
|
Tiede D, Romero-Pérez C, Koch KA, Ucer KB, Calvo ME, Srimath Kandada AR, Galisteo-López JF, Míguez H. Effect of Connectivity on the Carrier Transport and Recombination Dynamics of Perovskite Quantum-Dot Networks. ACS NANO 2024; 18:2325-2334. [PMID: 38206821 PMCID: PMC10811662 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Quantum-dot (QD) solids are being widely exploited as a solution-processable technology to develop photovoltaic, light-emission, and photodetection devices. Charge transport in these materials is the result of a compromise between confinement at the individual QD level and electronic coupling among the different nanocrystals in the ensemble. While this is commonly achieved by ligand engineering in colloidal-based systems, ligand-free QD assemblies have recently emerged as an exciting alternative where nanostructures can be directly grown into porous matrices with optical quality as well as control over their connectivity and, hence, charge transport properties. In this context, we present a complete photophysical study comprising fluence- and temperature-dependent time-resolved spectroscopy to study carrier dynamics in ligand-free QD networks with gradually varying degrees of interconnectivity, which we achieve by changing the average distance between the QDs. Analysis of the photoluminescence and absorption properties of the QD assemblies, involving both static and time-resolved measurements, allows us to identify the weight of the different recombination mechanisms, both radiative and nonradiative, as a function of QD connectivity. We propose a picture where carrier diffusion, which is needed for any optoelectronic application and implies interparticle transport, gives rise to the exposure of carriers to a larger defect landscape than in the case of isolated QDs. The use of a broad range of fluences permits extracting valuable information for applications demanding either low- or high-carrier-injection levels and highlighting the relevance of a judicious design to balance recombination and diffusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David
O. Tiede
- Instituto
de Ciencias de Materiales de Sevilla (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla), C/Américo Vespucio, 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Carlos Romero-Pérez
- Instituto
de Ciencias de Materiales de Sevilla (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla), C/Américo Vespucio, 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Katherine A. Koch
- Department
of Physics and Center for Functional Materials, Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Road, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - K. Burak Ucer
- Department
of Physics and Center for Functional Materials, Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Road, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Mauricio E. Calvo
- Instituto
de Ciencias de Materiales de Sevilla (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla), C/Américo Vespucio, 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Ajay Ram Srimath Kandada
- Department
of Physics and Center for Functional Materials, Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Road, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Juan F. Galisteo-López
- Instituto
de Ciencias de Materiales de Sevilla (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla), C/Américo Vespucio, 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Hernán Míguez
- Instituto
de Ciencias de Materiales de Sevilla (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla), C/Américo Vespucio, 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Griesi A, Faraji M, Kusch G, Khabbazabkenar S, Borreani M, Lauciello S, Schleusener A, Oliver RA, Krahne R, Divitini G. Mapping emission heterogeneity in layered halide perovskites using cathodoluminescence. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 35:105204. [PMID: 38055988 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad12ec] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in the fabrication of layered halide perovskites and their subsequent modification for optoelectronic applications have ushered in a need for innovative characterisation techniques. In particular, heterostructures containing multiple phases and consequently featuring spatially defined optoelectronic properties are very challenging to study. Here, we adopt an approach centered on cathodoluminescence, complemented by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis. Cathodoluminescence enables assessment of local emission variations by injecting charges with a nanometer-scale electron probe, which we use to investigate emission changes in three different systems: PEA2PbBr4, PEA2PbI4and lateral heterostructures of the two, fabricated via halide substitution. We identify and map different emission bands that can be correlated with local chemical composition and geometry. One emission band is characteristic of bromine-based halide perovskite, while the other originates from iodine-based perovskite. The coexistence of these emissions bands in the halide-substituted sample confirms the formation of lateral heterostructures. To improve the signal quality of the acquired data, we employed multivariate analysis, specifically the non-negative matrix factorization algorithm, on both cathodoluminescence and compositional datasets. The resulting understanding of the halide replacement process and identification of potential synergies in the optical properties will lead to optimised architectures for optoelectronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Griesi
- Electron Spectroscopy and Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Mehrdad Faraji
- Optoelectronics Research Line, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Gunnar Kusch
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Sirous Khabbazabkenar
- Electron Spectroscopy and Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Borreani
- Optoelectronics Research Line, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Simone Lauciello
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Alexander Schleusener
- Optoelectronics Research Line, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Rachel A Oliver
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Krahne
- Optoelectronics Research Line, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Divitini
- Electron Spectroscopy and Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Q, Xiong C, Li J, Deng Q, Zhang X, Wang S, Chen MM. High-performance electrochemiluminescence sensors based on ultra-stable perovskite quantum dots@ZIF-8 composites for aflatoxin B1 monitoring in corn samples. Food Chem 2023; 410:135325. [PMID: 36610091 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) that is prone to contaminate corns brings a serious threat to human health. Therefore, it is of great significance to construct novel detection methods for AFB1 tracing. Here, methylamine perovskite quantum dots (MP QDs) encapsulated by ZIF-8 metal-organic frameworks (MP QDs@ZIF-8) were prepared and then ultra-stable electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensors were developed. By the confinement of cavities structure, multiple MP QDs were crystallized and embedded inside ZIF-8 to form MP QDs@ZIF-8, achieving stable and robust ECL responds in aqueous environment. Further combined with AFB1-imprinted polymer, the constructed ECL sensor showed good selectivity and ultra-sensitivity (the detection limit was 3.5 fg/mL, S/N = 3) with a wide linear range from 11.55 fg/mL to 20 ng/mL for AFB1 quantification. Satisfactory recoveries in corn samples indicated the reliable practicability of the proposed sensor for AFB1 assay. This work provided a novel pathway in designing high-performance ECL sensing platform for food safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Chengyi Xiong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Qianchun Deng
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, and Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xiuhua Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Shengfu Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Miao-Miao Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, and Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Wuhan 430062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rubino A, Lozano G, Calvo ME, Míguez H. Determination of the optical constants of ligand-free organic lead halide perovskite quantum dots. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:2553-2560. [PMID: 36440673 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05109e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Precise knowledge of the optical constants of perovskite lead halide quantum dots (QDs) is required to both understand their interaction with light and to rationally design and optimize the devices based on them. However, their determination from colloidal nanocrystal suspensions, or films made out of them, remains elusive, as a result of the difficulty in disentangling the optical constants of the organic capping ligands and those of the semiconductor itself. In this work, we extract the refractive index and extinction coefficient of ligand-free methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) and bromide (MAPbBr3) nanocrystals. In order to prevent the use of organic ligands in the preparation, we follow a scaffold assisted synthetic procedure, which yields a composite film of high optical quality that can be independently and precisely characterized and modelled. In this way, the contribution of the guest nanocrystals can be successfully discriminated from that of the host matrix. Using a Kramers-Kronig consistent dispersion model along with an effective medium approximation, it is possible to derive the optical constants of the QDs by fitting the spectral dependence of light transmitted and reflected at different angles and polarizations. Our results indicate a strong dependence of the optical constants on the QD size. Small nanocrystals show remarkably large values of the extinction coefficient compared to their bulk counterparts. This analysis opens the door to the rigorous modelling of solar cells and light-emitting diodes with active layers based on perovskite QDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rubino
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), C/Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Gabriel Lozano
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), C/Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Mauricio E Calvo
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), C/Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Hernán Míguez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), C/Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Romero-Pérez C, Zanetta A, Fernández-Delgado N, Herrera-Collado M, Hernández-Saz J, Molina SI, Caliò L, Calvo ME, Míguez H. Responsive Optical Materials Based on Ligand-Free Perovskite Quantum Dots Embedded in Mesoporous Scaffolds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:1808-1816. [PMID: 36534002 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein we show that dispersing inorganic cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) perovskite quantum dots (QDs) in optical quality films, possessing an accessible and controlled pore size distribution, gives rise to fluorescent materials with a controlled and highly sensitive response to ambient changes. A scaffold-based synthesis approach is employed to obtain ligand-free QDs, whose pristine surface endows them with high sensitivity to the presence of different vapors in their vicinity. At the same time, the void network of the host offers a means to gradually expose the embedded QDs to such vapors. Under these conditions, the luminescent response of the QDs is mediated by the mesostructure of the matrix, which determines the rate at which vapor molecules will adsorb onto the pore walls and, eventually, condensate, filling the void space. With luminescence quantum yields as high as 60%, scaffold-supported ligand-free perovskite nanocrystals display intense photoemission signals over the whole process, as well as high photo- and chemical stability, which allows illuminating them for long periods of time and recovering the original response upon desorption of the condensed phase. The results herein presented open a new route to explore the application of perovskite QD-based materials in sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Romero-Pérez
- Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales de Sevilla (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla), C/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092Sevilla, Spain
| | - Andrea Zanetta
- Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales de Sevilla (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla), C/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092Sevilla, Spain
| | - Natalia Fernández-Delgado
- Department of Material Science, Metallurgical Engineering and Inorganic-Collado Chemistry IMEYMAT, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, s/n, 11510Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Miriam Herrera-Collado
- Department of Material Science, Metallurgical Engineering and Inorganic-Collado Chemistry IMEYMAT, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, s/n, 11510Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Jesús Hernández-Saz
- Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencia de los Materiales y del Transporte, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092Sevilla, Spain
| | - Sergio Ignacio Molina
- Department of Material Science, Metallurgical Engineering and Inorganic-Collado Chemistry IMEYMAT, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, s/n, 11510Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Laura Caliò
- Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales de Sevilla (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla), C/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092Sevilla, Spain
| | - Mauricio E Calvo
- Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales de Sevilla (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla), C/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092Sevilla, Spain
| | - Hernán Míguez
- Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales de Sevilla (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla), C/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092Sevilla, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rubino A, Francisco-López A, Barker AJ, Petrozza A, Calvo ME, Goñi AR, Míguez H. Disentangling Electron-Phonon Coupling and Thermal Expansion Effects in the Band Gap Renormalization of Perovskite Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:569-575. [PMID: 33382272 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The complex electron-phonon interaction occurring in bulk lead halide perovskites gives rise to anomalous temperature dependences, like the widening of the electronic band gap as temperature increases. However, possible confinement effects on the electron-phonon coupling in the nanocrystalline version of these materials remain unexplored. Herein, we study the temperature (ranging from 80 K to ambient) and hydrostatic pressure (from atmospheric to 0.6 GPa) dependence of the photoluminescence of ligand-free methylammonium lead triiodide nanocrystals with controlled sizes embedded in a porous silica matrix. This analysis allowed us to disentangle the effects of thermal expansion and electron-phonon interaction. As the crystallite size decreases, the electron-phonon contribution to the gap renormalization gains in importance. We provide a plausible explanation for this observation in terms of quantum confinement effects, showing that neither thermal expansion nor electron-phonon coupling effects may be disregarded when analyzing the temperature dependence of the optoelectronic properties of perovskite lead halide nanocrystals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rubino
- Institute of Materials Science of Seville, Spanish National Research Council-University of Seville, C/Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Adrián Francisco-López
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Alex J Barker
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Instituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via G. Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Petrozza
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Instituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via G. Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mauricio E Calvo
- Institute of Materials Science of Seville, Spanish National Research Council-University of Seville, C/Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Alejandro R Goñi
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hernán Míguez
- Institute of Materials Science of Seville, Spanish National Research Council-University of Seville, C/Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|