1
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Tiwari V, Alam MJ, Bhatia M, Navya M, Banerjee SK. The structure and function of lamin A/C: Special focus on cardiomyopathy and therapeutic interventions. Life Sci 2024; 341:122489. [PMID: 38340979 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Lamins are inner nuclear membrane proteins that belong to the intermediate filament family. Lamin A/C lie adjacent to the heterochromatin structure in polymer form, providing skeletal to the nucleus. Based on the localization, lamin A/C provides nuclear stability and cytoskeleton to the nucleus and modulates chromatin organization and gene expression. Besides being the structural protein making the inner nuclear membrane in polymer form, lamin A/C functions as a signalling molecule involved in gene expression as an enhancer inside the nucleus. Lamin A/C regulates various cellular pathways like autophagy and energy balance in the cytoplasm. Its expression is highly variable in differentiated tissues, higher in hard tissues like bone and muscle cells, and lower in soft tissues like the liver and brain. In muscle cells, including the heart, lamin A/C must be expressed in a balanced state. Lamin A/C mutation is linked with various diseases, such as muscular dystrophy, lipodystrophy, and cardiomyopathies. It has been observed that a good number of mutations in the LMNA gene impact cardiac activity and its function. Although several works have been published, there are still several unexplored areas left regarding the lamin A/C function and structure in the cardiovascular system and its pathological state. In this review, we focus on the structural organization, expression pattern, and function of lamin A/C, its interacting partners, and the pathophysiology associated with mutations in the lamin A/C gene, with special emphasis on cardiovascular diseases. With the recent finding on lamin A/C, we have summarized the possible therapeutic interventions to treat cardiovascular symptoms and reverse the molecular changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Tiwari
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, Assam, India
| | - Md Jahangir Alam
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, Assam, India; Cell Biology and Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Madhavi Bhatia
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, Assam, India
| | - Malladi Navya
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, Assam, India
| | - Sanjay K Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, Assam, India.
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2
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Macicior J, Fernández D, Ortega-Gutiérrez S. A new fluorescent probe for the visualization of progerin. Bioorg Chem 2024; 142:106967. [PMID: 37979321 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) or progeria is a rare genetic disease that causes premature aging, leading to a drastic reduction in the life expectancy of patients. Progeria is mainly caused by the intracellular accumulation of a defective protein called progerin, generated from a mutation in the LMNA gene. Currently, there is only one approved drug for the treatment of progeria, which has limited efficacy. It is believed that progerin levels are the most important biomarker related to the severity of the disease. However, there is a lack of effective tools to directly visualize progerin in the native cellular models, since the commercially available antibodies are not well suited for the direct visualization of progerin in cells from the mouse model of the disease. In this context, an alternative option for the visualization of a protein relies on the use of fluorescent chemical probes, molecules with affinity and specificity towards a protein. In this work we report the synthesis and characterization of a new fluorescent probe (UCM-23079) that allows for the direct visualization of progerin in cells from the most widely used progeroid mouse model. Thus, UCM-23079 is a new tool compound that could help prioritize potential preclinical therapies towards the final goal of finding a definitive cure for progeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Macicior
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Plaza de las Ciencias s/n, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Plaza de las Ciencias s/n, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Ortega-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Plaza de las Ciencias s/n, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Li JQ, Wang HJ. [Research advances in pharmacotherapy for rare diseases in children]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2023; 25:759-766. [PMID: 37529960 PMCID: PMC10414178 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2302048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
There are more than 7 000 rare diseases and approximately 475 million individuals with rare diseases globally, with children accounting for two-thirds of this population. Due to a relatively small patient population and limited financial resources allocated for drug research and development in pharmaceutical enterprises, there are still no drugs approved for the treatment of several thousands of these rare diseases. At present, there are no drugs for 95% of the patients with rare diseases, and consequently, the therapeutic drugs for rare diseases have been designated as orphan drugs. In order to guide pharmaceutical enterprises to strengthen the research and development of orphan drugs, various nations have enacted the acts for rare disease drugs, promoted and simplified the patent application process for orphan drugs, and provided scientific recommendations and guidance for the research and development of orphan drugs. Since there is a relatively high incidence rate of rare diseases in children, this article reviews the latest research on pharmacotherapy for children with rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Li
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Hui-Jun Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
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4
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Kang SM, Seo S, Song EJ, Kweon O, Jo AH, Park S, Woo TG, Kim BH, Oh GT, Park BJ. Progerinin, an Inhibitor of Progerin, Alleviates Cardiac Abnormalities in a Model Mouse of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091232. [PMID: 37174632 PMCID: PMC10177486 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is an ultra-rare human premature aging disorder that precipitates death because of cardiac disease. Almost all cases of HGPS are caused by aberrant splicing of the LMNA gene that results in the production of a mutant Lamin A protein termed progerin. In our previous study, treatment with Progerinin has been shown to reduce progerin expression and improve aging phenotypes in vitro and in vivo HGPS models. In this record, cardiac parameters (stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS), etc.) were acquired in LmnaWT/WT and LmnaG609G/WT mice fed with either a vehicle diet or a Progerinin diet by echocardiography (from 38 weeks to 50 weeks at various ages), and then the cardiac function was analyzed. We also acquired the tissue samples and blood serum of LmnaWT/WT and LmnaG609G/WT mice for pathological analysis at the end of echocardiography. From these data, we suggest that the administration of Progerinin in the HGPS model mouse can restore cardiac function and correct arterial abnormalities. These observations provide encouraging evidence for the efficacy of Progerinin for cardiac dysfunction in HGPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Mi Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46231, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoon Seo
- Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Imvastech, 305, Science Building C, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Song
- Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Okhee Kweon
- Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Hyeon Jo
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46231, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46231, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gyun Woo
- PRG S & Tech Inc., Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46274, Republic of Korea
| | - Bae-Hoon Kim
- PRG S & Tech Inc., Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46274, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Imvastech, 305, Science Building C, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Joon Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46231, Republic of Korea
- PRG S & Tech Inc., Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46274, Republic of Korea
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5
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Ortega-Gutiérrez S. New Pharmacological Approaches for Rare Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087275. [PMID: 37108436 PMCID: PMC10139002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression "rare disease" describes a group of diseases whose individual prevalence is low (between 3.9 and 6.6 in 10,000 subjects depending on the country) but which in total affect up to the 3-6% of the worldwide population [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ortega-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
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Murtada SI, Mikush N, Wang M, Ren P, Kawamura Y, Ramachandra AB, Li DS, Braddock DT, Tellides G, Gordon LB, Humphrey JD. Lonafarnib improves cardiovascular function and survival in a mouse model of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. eLife 2023; 12:82728. [PMID: 36930696 PMCID: PMC10023154 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical trials have demonstrated that lonafarnib, a farnesyltransferase inhibitor, extends the lifespan in patients afflicted by Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, a devastating condition that accelerates many characteristics of aging and results in premature death due to cardiovascular sequelae. The US Food and Drug Administration approved Zokinvy (lonafarnib) in November 2020 for treating these patients, yet a detailed examination of drug-associated effects on cardiovascular structure, properties, and function has remained wanting. In this paper, we report encouraging outcomes of daily post-weaning treatment with lonafarnib on the composition and biomechanical phenotype of elastic and muscular arteries as well as associated cardiac function in a well-accepted mouse model of progeria that exhibits severe perimorbid cardiovascular disease. Lonafarnib resulted in 100% survival of the treated progeria mice to the study end-point (time of 50% survival of untreated mice), with associated improvements in arterial structure and function working together to significantly reduce pulse wave velocity and improve left ventricular diastolic function. By contrast, neither treatment with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin alone nor dual treatment with lonafarnib plus rapamycin improved outcomes over that achieved with lonafarnib monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae-Il Murtada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Nicole Mikush
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Mo Wang
- Department of Surgery, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Pengwei Ren
- Department of Surgery, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Yuki Kawamura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | | | - David S Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | | | - George Tellides
- Department of Surgery, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Leslie B Gordon
- Department of Pediatrics, Hasbro Children's Hospital and Warren Albert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
| | - Jay D Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
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7
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Quantification of Farnesylated Progerin in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Patient Cells by Mass Spectrometry. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911733. [PMID: 36233036 PMCID: PMC9569443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare fatal disorder characterized by premature aging and death at a median age of 14.5 years. The most common cause of HGPS (affecting circa 90% of patients) is a de novo heterozygous synonymous single-base substitution (c.1824C>T; p.G608G) in the LMNA gene that results in the accumulation of progerin, an aberrant form of lamin A that, unlike mature lamin A, remains permanently farnesylated. The ratio of progerin to mature lamin A correlates with disease severity in HGPS patients, and can be used to assess the effectiveness of therapies aimed at lessening aberrant splicing or progerin farnesylation. We recently showed that the endogenous content of lamin A and progerin can be measured by mass spectrometry (MS), providing an alternative to immunological methods, which lack the necessary specificity and quantitative accuracy. Here, we present the first non-immunological method that reliably quantifies the levels of wild-type lamin A and farnesylated progerin in cells from HGPS patients. This method, which is based on a targeted MS approach and the use of isotope-labeled internal standards, could be applied in ongoing clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of drugs that inhibit progerin farnesylation.
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8
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Chen X, Yao H, Andrés V, Bergo MO, Kashif M. Status of treatment strategies for Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome with a focus on prelamin: A posttranslational modification. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 131:217-223. [PMID: 35790078 PMCID: PMC9795874 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by premature ageing and early death at a mean age of 14.7 years. At the molecular level, HGPS is caused by a de novo heterozygous mutation in LMNA, the gene encoding A-type lamins (mainly lamin A and C) and nuclear proteins, which have important cellular functions related to structure of the nuclear envelope. The LMNA mutation leads to the synthesis of a truncated prelamin A protein (called progerin), which cannot undergo normal processing to mature lamin A. In normal cells, prelamin A processing involves four posttranslational processing steps catalysed by four different enzymes. In HGPS cells, progerin accumulates as a farnesylated and methylated intermediate in the nuclear envelope where it is toxic and causes nuclear shape abnormalities and senescence. Numerous efforts have been made to target and reduce the toxicity of progerin, eliminate its synthesis and enhance its degradation, but as of today, only the use of farnesyltransferase inhibitors is approved for clinical use in HGPS patients. Here, we review the main current strategies that are being evaluated for treating HGPS, and we focus on efforts to target the posttranslational processing of progerin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Chen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina,Department of Biosciences and NutritionKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | - Haidong Yao
- Department of Biosciences and NutritionKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC)MadridSpain,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV)MadridSpain
| | - Martin O. Bergo
- Department of Biosciences and NutritionKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | - Muhammad Kashif
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, HuddingeKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
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9
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New Trends in Aging Drug Discovery. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10082006. [PMID: 36009552 PMCID: PMC9405986 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10082006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is considered the main risk factor for many chronic diseases that frequently appear at advanced ages. However, the inevitability of this process is being questioned by recent research that suggests that senescent cells have specific features that differentiate them from younger cells and that removal of these cells ameliorates senescent phenotype and associated diseases. This opens the door to the design of tailored therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing and delaying the impact of senescence in life, that is, extending healthspan and treating aging as another chronic disease. Although these ideas are still far from reaching the bedside, it is conceivable that they will revolutionize the way we understand aging in the next decades. In this review, we analyze the main and well-validated cellular pathways and targets related to senescence as well as their implication in aging-associated diseases. In addition, the most relevant small molecules with senotherapeutic potential, with a special emphasis on their mechanism of action, ongoing clinical trials, and potential limitations, are discussed. Finally, a brief overview of alternative strategies that go beyond the small molecule field, together with our perspectives for the future of the field, is provided.
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Khiar-Fernández N, Zian D, Vázquez-Villa H, Martínez RF, Escobar-Peña A, Foronda-Sainz R, Ray M, Puigdomenech-Poch M, Cincilla G, Sánchez-Martínez M, Kihara Y, Chun J, López-Vales R, López-Rodríguez ML, Ortega-Gutiérrez S. Novel Antagonist of the Type 2 Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor (LPA 2), UCM-14216, Ameliorates Spinal Cord Injury in Mice. J Med Chem 2022; 65:10956-10974. [PMID: 35948083 PMCID: PMC9421655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) irreversibly disrupt spinal
connectivity,
leading to permanent neurological disabilities. Current medical treatments
for reducing the secondary damage that follows the initial injury
are limited to surgical decompression and anti-inflammatory drugs,
so there is a pressing need for new therapeutic strategies. Inhibition
of the type 2 lysophosphatidic acid receptor (LPA2) has
recently emerged as a new potential pharmacological approach to decrease
SCI-associated damage. Toward validating this receptor as a target
in SCI, we have developed a new series of LPA2 antagonists,
among which compound 54 (UCM-14216) stands out as a potent
and selective LPA2 receptor antagonist (Emax = 90%, IC50 = 1.9 μM, KD = 1.3 nM; inactive at LPA1,3–6 receptors).
This compound shows efficacy in an in vivo mouse model of SCI in an
LPA2-dependent manner, confirming the potential of LPA2 inhibition for providing a new alternative for treating SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Khiar-Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - Debora Zian
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - Henar Vázquez-Villa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - R Fernando Martínez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - Andrea Escobar-Peña
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - Román Foronda-Sainz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - Manisha Ray
- Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Maria Puigdomenech-Poch
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Institut de Neurociències, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, BarcelonaE-08193, Spain
| | - Giovanni Cincilla
- Molomics, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri i Reixac 4-8, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - Melchor Sánchez-Martínez
- Molomics, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri i Reixac 4-8, Barcelona E-08028, Spain.,Burua Scientific, Sant Pere de Ribes E-08810, Spain
| | - Yasuyuki Kihara
- Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jerold Chun
- Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Rubèn López-Vales
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Institut de Neurociències, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, BarcelonaE-08193, Spain
| | - María L López-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - Silvia Ortega-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid E-28040, Spain
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11
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Zhang SL, Lin SZ, Zhou YQ, Wang WQ, Li JY, Wang C, Pang QM. Clinical manifestations and gene analysis of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:5018-5024. [PMID: 35801028 PMCID: PMC9198858 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i15.5018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This case report describes a child with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS, OMIM: 176670) caused by LMNA (OMIM: 150330) gene mutation, and we have previously analyzed the clinical manifestations and imaging characteristics of this case. After 1-year treatment and follow-up, we focus on analyzing the changes in the clinical manifestations and genetic diagnosis of the patient.
CASE SUMMARY In April 2020, a 2-year-old boy with HGPS was found to have an abnormal appearance, and growth and development lagged behind those of children of the same age. The child’s weight did not increase normally, the veins of the head were clearly visible, and he had shallow skin color and sparse yellow hair. Peripheral blood DNA samples obtained from the patient and his parents were sequenced using high-throughput whole-exosome sequencing, which was verified by Sanger sequencing. The results showed that there was a synonymous heterozygous mutation of C.1824 C>T (P. G608G) in the LMNA gene.
CONCLUSION Mutation of the LMNA gene provides a molecular basis for diagnosis of HGPS and genetic counseling of the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Li Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China
| | - Shuang-Zhu Lin
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Children, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yan-Qiu Zhou
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Children, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Wan-Qi Wang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Cui Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China
| | - Qi-Ming Pang
- Department of Neuroscience, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China
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12
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Benedicto I, Chen X, Bergo MO, Andrés V. Progeria: a perspective on potential drug targets and treatment strategies. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:393-399. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2078699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Benedicto
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, China
| | - Martin O. Bergo
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, SE-141 83, Sweden
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
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13
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Jiang Y, Ji JY. Progerin-Induced Impairment in Wound Healing and Proliferation in Vascular Endothelial Cells. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:844885. [PMID: 35821855 PMCID: PMC9261432 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.844885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Progerin as a mutated isoform of lamin A protein was first known to induce premature atherosclerosis progression in patients with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), and its role in provoking an inflammatory response in vascular cells and accelerating cell senescence has been investigated recently. However, how progerin triggers endothelial dysfunction that often occurs at the early stage of atherosclerosis in a mechanical environment has not been studied intensively. Here, we generated a stable endothelial cell line that expressed progerin and examined its effects on endothelial wound repair under laminar flow. We found decreased wound healing rate in progerin-expressing ECs under higher shear stress compared with those under low shear. Furthermore, the decreased wound recovery could be due to reduced number of cells at late mitosis, suggesting potential interference by progerin with endothelial proliferation. These findings provided insights into how progerin affects endothelial mechanotransduction and may contribute to the disruption of endothelial integrity in HGPS vasculature, as we continue to examine the mechanistic effect of progerin in shear-induced endothelial functions.
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Ibrahim MX, Bergo MO. Toward a New Therapy for Rapidly Aging Children. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:1292-1294. [PMID: 34471672 PMCID: PMC8393231 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed X. Ibrahim
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Martin O. Bergo
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
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Macicior J, Marcos-Ramiro B, Ortega-Gutiérrez S. Small-Molecule Therapeutic Perspectives for the Treatment of Progeria. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7190. [PMID: 34281245 PMCID: PMC8267806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), or progeria, is an extremely rare disorder that belongs to the class of laminopathies, diseases characterized by alterations in the genes that encode for the lamin proteins or for their associated interacting proteins. In particular, progeria is caused by a point mutation in the gene that codifies for the lamin A gene. This mutation ultimately leads to the biosynthesis of a mutated version of lamin A called progerin, which accumulates abnormally in the nuclear lamina. This accumulation elicits several alterations at the nuclear, cellular, and tissue levels that are phenotypically reflected in a systemic disorder with important alterations, mainly in the cardiovascular system, bones, skin, and overall growth, which results in premature death at an average age of 14.5 years. In 2020, lonafarnib became the first (and only) FDA approved drug for treating progeria. In this context, the present review focuses on the different therapeutic strategies currently under development, with special attention to the new small molecules described in recent years, which may represent the upcoming first-in-class drugs with new mechanisms of action endowed with effectiveness not only to treat but also to cure progeria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Silvia Ortega-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.); (B.M.-R.)
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