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Waters S, Sonesson C, Svensson P, Tedroff J, Carta M, Ljung E, Gunnergren J, Edling M, Svanberg B, Fagerberg A, Kullingsjö J, Hjorth S, Waters N. Preclinical Pharmacology of [2-(3-Fluoro-5-Methanesulfonyl-phenoxy)Ethyl](Propyl)amine (IRL790), a Novel Dopamine Transmission Modulator for the Treatment of Motor and Psychiatric Complications in Parkinson Disease. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 374:113-125. [PMID: 32358046 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.264226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
IRL790 ([2-(3-fluoro-5-methanesulfonylphenoxy)ethyl](propyl)amine, mesdopetam) is a novel compound in development for the clinical management of motor and psychiatric disabilities in Parkinson disease. The discovery of IRL790 was made applying a systems pharmacology approach based on in vivo response profiling. The chemical design idea was to develop a new type of DA D3/D2 receptor type antagonist built on agonist rather than antagonist structural motifs. We hypothesized that such a dopamine antagonist with physicochemical properties similar to agonists would exert antidyskinetic and antipsychotic effects in states of dysregulated dopaminergic signaling while having little negative impact on physiologic dopamine transmission and, hence, minimal liability for side effects related to dopamine-dependent functions. At the level of in vivo pharmacology, IRL790 displays balancing effects on aberrant motor phenotypes, reducing l-DOPA-induced dyskinesias in the rodent 6-hydroxydopamine lesion model and reducing psychostimulant-induced locomotor hyperactivity elicited by pretreatment with either d-amphetamine or dizocilpine, without negatively impacting normal motor performance. Thus, IRL790 has the ability to normalize the behavioral phenotype in hyperdopaminergic as well as hypoglutamatergic states. Neurochemical and immediate early gene (IEG) response profiles suggest modulation of DA neurotransmission, with some features, such as increased DA metabolites and extracellular DA, shared by atypical antipsychotics and others, such as increased frontal cortex IEGs, unique to IRL790. IRL790 also increases extracellular levels of acetylcholine in the prefrontal cortex and ventral hippocampus. At the receptor level, IRL790 appears to act as a preferential DA D3 receptor antagonist. Computational docking studies support preferential affinity at D3 receptors with an agonist-like binding mode. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This paper reports preclinical pharmacology along with molecular modeling results on IRL790, a novel compound in clinical development for the treatment of motor and psychiatric complications in advanced Parkinson disease. IRL790 is active in models of perturbed dopaminergic and glutamatergic signaling, including rodent 6-hydroxydopamine l-DOPA-induced dyskinesias and psychostimulant-induced hyperactivity, in a dose range that does not impair normal behavior. This effect profile is attributed to interactions at dopamine D2/D3 receptors, with a 6- to 8-fold preference for the D3 subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Waters
- Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Göteborg, Sweden (S.W., C.S., P.S., J.T., E.L., J.G., M.E., B.S., A.F., J.K., N.W.); Pharmacilitator AB, Vallda, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (M.C.); Department of Pharmacology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.W.); and Department of Clin Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (J.T.)
| | - Clas Sonesson
- Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Göteborg, Sweden (S.W., C.S., P.S., J.T., E.L., J.G., M.E., B.S., A.F., J.K., N.W.); Pharmacilitator AB, Vallda, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (M.C.); Department of Pharmacology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.W.); and Department of Clin Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (J.T.)
| | - Peder Svensson
- Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Göteborg, Sweden (S.W., C.S., P.S., J.T., E.L., J.G., M.E., B.S., A.F., J.K., N.W.); Pharmacilitator AB, Vallda, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (M.C.); Department of Pharmacology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.W.); and Department of Clin Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (J.T.)
| | - Joakim Tedroff
- Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Göteborg, Sweden (S.W., C.S., P.S., J.T., E.L., J.G., M.E., B.S., A.F., J.K., N.W.); Pharmacilitator AB, Vallda, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (M.C.); Department of Pharmacology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.W.); and Department of Clin Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (J.T.)
| | - Manolo Carta
- Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Göteborg, Sweden (S.W., C.S., P.S., J.T., E.L., J.G., M.E., B.S., A.F., J.K., N.W.); Pharmacilitator AB, Vallda, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (M.C.); Department of Pharmacology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.W.); and Department of Clin Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (J.T.)
| | - Elisabeth Ljung
- Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Göteborg, Sweden (S.W., C.S., P.S., J.T., E.L., J.G., M.E., B.S., A.F., J.K., N.W.); Pharmacilitator AB, Vallda, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (M.C.); Department of Pharmacology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.W.); and Department of Clin Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (J.T.)
| | - Jenny Gunnergren
- Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Göteborg, Sweden (S.W., C.S., P.S., J.T., E.L., J.G., M.E., B.S., A.F., J.K., N.W.); Pharmacilitator AB, Vallda, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (M.C.); Department of Pharmacology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.W.); and Department of Clin Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (J.T.)
| | - Malin Edling
- Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Göteborg, Sweden (S.W., C.S., P.S., J.T., E.L., J.G., M.E., B.S., A.F., J.K., N.W.); Pharmacilitator AB, Vallda, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (M.C.); Department of Pharmacology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.W.); and Department of Clin Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (J.T.)
| | - Boel Svanberg
- Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Göteborg, Sweden (S.W., C.S., P.S., J.T., E.L., J.G., M.E., B.S., A.F., J.K., N.W.); Pharmacilitator AB, Vallda, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (M.C.); Department of Pharmacology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.W.); and Department of Clin Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (J.T.)
| | - Anne Fagerberg
- Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Göteborg, Sweden (S.W., C.S., P.S., J.T., E.L., J.G., M.E., B.S., A.F., J.K., N.W.); Pharmacilitator AB, Vallda, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (M.C.); Department of Pharmacology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.W.); and Department of Clin Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (J.T.)
| | - Johan Kullingsjö
- Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Göteborg, Sweden (S.W., C.S., P.S., J.T., E.L., J.G., M.E., B.S., A.F., J.K., N.W.); Pharmacilitator AB, Vallda, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (M.C.); Department of Pharmacology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.W.); and Department of Clin Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (J.T.)
| | - Stephan Hjorth
- Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Göteborg, Sweden (S.W., C.S., P.S., J.T., E.L., J.G., M.E., B.S., A.F., J.K., N.W.); Pharmacilitator AB, Vallda, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (M.C.); Department of Pharmacology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.W.); and Department of Clin Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (J.T.)
| | - Nicholas Waters
- Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Göteborg, Sweden (S.W., C.S., P.S., J.T., E.L., J.G., M.E., B.S., A.F., J.K., N.W.); Pharmacilitator AB, Vallda, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.H.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy (M.C.); Department of Pharmacology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden (S.W.); and Department of Clin Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (J.T.)
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Becanovic K, Vittoria de Donno M, Sousa VC, Tedroff J, Svenningsson P. Effects of a Novel Psychomotor Stabilizer, IRL790, on Biochemical Measures of Synaptic Markers and Neurotransmission. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 374:126-133. [PMID: 32358047 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.264754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel small-molecule psychomotor stabilizer, IRL790, is currently in clinical trial for treatment of levodopa-induced dyskinesia and psychosis in patients with Parkinson disease. Here, we used naïve mice to investigate the effects of acute systemic administration of IRL790 on protein levels and phosphorylation states of proteins relevant for synaptic plasticity and transmission. IRL790 increased pro-brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein levels and phosphorylation at Ser1303 of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtype 2B glutamate receptor (NR2B) in prefrontal cortex. IRL790 also increased the phosphorylation states at Ser19, Ser31, and Ser40, respectively, of tyrosine hydroxylase in striatum. IRL790 reduced protein levels of the NR2B receptor in striatum but not in prefrontal cortex. Taken together, we report that systemically administered IRL790 rapidly elicits changes in protein level and phosphorylation state of proteins associated with a beneficial effect on synaptic markers and neurotransmission. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The novel small-molecule psychomotor stabilizer, IRL790, is currently in clinical trial for treatment of levodopa-induced dyskinesia and psychosis in patients with Parkinson disease. In this study, we report that systemically administered IRL790 rapidly elicits changes in protein level and phosphorylation state of proteins associated with a beneficial effect on synaptic markers and neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Becanovic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (K.B., M.V.d.D., V.C.S., J.T., P.S.) and Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Gothenburg, Sweden (J.T.)
| | - Maria Vittoria de Donno
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (K.B., M.V.d.D., V.C.S., J.T., P.S.) and Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Gothenburg, Sweden (J.T.)
| | - Vasco C Sousa
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (K.B., M.V.d.D., V.C.S., J.T., P.S.) and Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Gothenburg, Sweden (J.T.)
| | - Joakim Tedroff
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (K.B., M.V.d.D., V.C.S., J.T., P.S.) and Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Gothenburg, Sweden (J.T.)
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (K.B., M.V.d.D., V.C.S., J.T., P.S.) and Integrative Research Laboratories Sweden AB, Gothenburg, Sweden (J.T.)
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