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Li ZZ, Guo C, Lv W, Huang P, Zhang Y. Machine Learning-Enabled Optical Architecture Design of Perovskite Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:3835-3842. [PMID: 38557032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells, emerging as a cutting-edge solar energy technology, have demonstrated a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of >26%, which is below the theoretical limit of 33%. This study, employing a combination of neural network models and high-throughput simulation calculations, taking the single-junction FAPbI3 cell as an illustrative example, indicates that a pyramid structure, in comparison of a planar one, can increase the highest Jsc to 27.4 mA/cm2 and the PCE to 28.4%. Both Jsc and PCE surpass the currently reported experimental results. The optimized periodicity and tilt angle of the pyramid structure align with the textured structure of crystalline silicon solar cells. These results underscore the substantial development potential of neural network inverse design based on high-throughput calculations in the field of optoelectronic devices and provide theoretical guidance for the design of monolithic perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Zheng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Research Institute of Frontier Science, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Chaorong Guo
- Research Institute of Frontier Science, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Wenlei Lv
- Research Institute of Frontier Science, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Research Institute of Frontier Science, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yongyou Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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2
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Annurakshita S, Liu M, Vivo P, Bautista G. Probing compositional engineering effects on lead-free perovskite-inspired nanocrystal thin films using correlative nonlinear optical microscopy. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:2852-2859. [PMID: 38231157 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05137d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
We introduce the use of correlative third-harmonic generation and multiphoton-induced luminescence microscopy to investigate the impact of manganese (Mn) doping on bismuth (Bi)-based perovskite-inspired nanocrystal thin films. The technique was found to be extremely sensitive to the microscopic features of the perovskite film and its structural compositions, allowing the unambiguous detection of compositionally different emitters in the perovskite film and manipulation of their nonlinear optical responses. Our work unveils a new way to investigate, manipulate, and exploit perovskite-inspired functional materials for nonlinear optical conversion at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambhavee Annurakshita
- Photonics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Maning Liu
- Hybrid Solar Cells, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Paola Vivo
- Hybrid Solar Cells, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Godofredo Bautista
- Photonics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720, Tampere, Finland.
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3
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Irshad Z, Lee W, Adnan M, Choi Y, Park T, Lim J. Elucidating Charge Carrier Dynamics in Perovskite-Based Tandem Solar Cells. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300238. [PMID: 37322273 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recently, multijunction tandem solar cells (TSCs) have presented high power conversion efficiency and revealed their immense potential in photovoltaic evolution. It is demonstrated that multiple light absorbers with various bandgap energies overcome the Shockley-Queisser limit of single-junction solar cells by absorbing the wide-range wavelength photons. Here, the main key challenges are reviewed, especially the charge carrier dynamics in perovskite-based 2-terminal (2-T) TSCs in terms of current matching, and how to manage these issues from a vantage point of characterization. To do this, the effect of recombination layers, optical and fabrication hurdles, and the impact of wide bandgap perovskite solar cells are discussed extensively. Afterward, this review focuses on various optoelectronics, spectroscopic, and theoretical (optical simulation) characterizations to figure out those issues, especially current-matching issues faced by the photovoltaic society. This review comprehensively provides deep insights into the relationship between the current-matching problems and the photovoltaic performance of TSCs through a variety of perspectives. Consequently, it is believed that this review is essential to address the main problems of 2-T TSCs, and the suggestions to elucidate the charge carrier dynamics and its characterization may pave the way to overcome such obstacles to further improve the development of 2-T TSCs in relation to the current-matching problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zobia Irshad
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjong Lee
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Yelim Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Taiho Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongchul Lim
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
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4
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Aydin E, Ugur E, Yildirim BK, Allen TG, Dally P, Razzaq A, Cao F, Xu L, Vishal B, Yazmaciyan A, Said AA, Zhumagali S, Azmi R, Babics M, Fell A, Xiao C, De Wolf S. Enhanced optoelectronic coupling for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. Nature 2023; 623:732-738. [PMID: 37769785 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06667-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells are of great appeal as they promise high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) at affordable cost. In state-of-the-art tandems, the perovskite top cell is electrically coupled to a silicon heterojunction bottom cell by means of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM), anchored on a transparent conductive oxide (TCO), which enables efficient charge transfer between the subcells1-3. Yet reproducible, high-performance tandem solar cells require energetically homogeneous SAM coverage, which remains challenging, especially on textured silicon bottom cells. Here, we resolve this issue by using ultrathin (5-nm) amorphous indium zinc oxide (IZO) as the interconnecting TCO, exploiting its high surface-potential homogeneity resulting from the absence of crystal grains and higher density of SAM anchoring sites when compared with commonly used crystalline TCOs. Combined with optical enhancements through equally thin IZO rear electrodes and improved front contact stacks, an independently certified PCE of 32.5% was obtained, which ranks among the highest for perovskite/silicon tandems. Our ultrathin transparent contact approach reduces indium consumption by approximately 80%, which is of importance to sustainable photovoltaics manufacturing4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Aydin
- Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Esma Ugur
- Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bumin K Yildirim
- Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas G Allen
- Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Pia Dally
- Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Arsalan Razzaq
- Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fangfang Cao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo New Materials Testing and Evaluation Center Co., Ltd., Ningbo, China
| | - Lujia Xu
- Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Badri Vishal
- Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Aren Yazmaciyan
- Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Said
- Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shynggys Zhumagali
- Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Randi Azmi
- Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maxime Babics
- Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Andreas Fell
- Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Chuanxiao Xiao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo New Materials Testing and Evaluation Center Co., Ltd., Ningbo, China
| | - Stefaan De Wolf
- Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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5
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Lee JW, Kang SM. Patterning of Metal Halide Perovskite Thin Films and Functional Layers for Optoelectronic Applications. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:184. [PMID: 37462884 PMCID: PMC10354233 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01154-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, metal halide perovskites have received significant attention as materials for next-generation optoelectronic devices owing to their excellent optoelectronic properties. The unprecedented rapid evolution in the device performance has been achieved by gaining an advanced understanding of the composition, crystal growth, and defect engineering of perovskites. As device performances approach their theoretical limits, effective optical management becomes essential for achieving higher efficiency. In this review, we discuss the status and perspectives of nano to micron-scale patterning methods for the optical management of perovskite optoelectronic devices. We initially discuss the importance of effective light harvesting and light outcoupling via optical management. Subsequently, the recent progress in various patterning/texturing techniques applied to perovskite optoelectronic devices is summarized by categorizing them into top-down and bottom-up methods. Finally, we discuss the perspectives of advanced patterning/texturing technologies for the development and commercialization of perovskite optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wook Lee
- Department of Nano Engineering and Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Min Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Park JH, Hwang SK, Ji SG, Kim JY. Characterization of various tandem solar cells: Protocols, issues, and precautions. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2023; 3:20220029. [PMID: 37324037 PMCID: PMC10190969 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20220029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the search for a more efficient solar cell, various types of tandem solar cells (TSCs) have been actively developed worldwide as the performances of the single junction solar cells approach their theoretical limits. Meanwhile, various materials and structures are adopted in TSCs, which makes their characterizations and comparison difficult. Along with the classical monolithic TSC, which exhibits two electrical contacts, devices with three or four electrical contacts have been widely studied as a more performing alternative of commercialized solar cells. For a fair and accurate evaluation of the device performance of TSCs, understanding the effectiveness and limitations of the characterization of the different types of TSCs is crucial. In this paper, we summarize various types of TSCs and discuss their characterization methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyun Park
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Sun Kyung Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Su Geun Ji
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
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7
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Tockhorn P, Sutter J, Cruz A, Wagner P, Jäger K, Yoo D, Lang F, Grischek M, Li B, Li J, Shargaieva O, Unger E, Al-Ashouri A, Köhnen E, Stolterfoht M, Neher D, Schlatmann R, Rech B, Stannowski B, Albrecht S, Becker C. Nano-optical designs for high-efficiency monolithic perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 17:1214-1221. [PMID: 36280763 PMCID: PMC9646483 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01228-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells offer the possibility of overcoming the power conversion efficiency limit of conventional silicon solar cells. Various textured tandem devices have been presented aiming at improved optical performance, but optimizing film growth on surface-textured wafers remains challenging. Here we present perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells with periodic nanotextures that offer various advantages without compromising the material quality of solution-processed perovskite layers. We show a reduction in reflection losses in comparison to planar tandems, with the new devices being less sensitive to deviations from optimum layer thicknesses. The nanotextures also enable a greatly increased fabrication yield from 50% to 95%. Moreover, the open-circuit voltage is improved by 15 mV due to the enhanced optoelectronic properties of the perovskite top cell. Our optically advanced rear reflector with a dielectric buffer layer results in reduced parasitic absorption at near-infrared wavelengths. As a result, we demonstrate a certified power conversion efficiency of 29.80%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Tockhorn
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Sutter
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexandros Cruz
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Wagner
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Jäger
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Computational Nanooptics Group, Zuse Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Danbi Yoo
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Lang
- Soft Matter Physics, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Max Grischek
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Soft Matter Physics, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bor Li
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jinzhao Li
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oleksandra Shargaieva
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eva Unger
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Amran Al-Ashouri
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eike Köhnen
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Dieter Neher
- Soft Matter Physics, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Rutger Schlatmann
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty 1: School of Engineering - Energy and Information, Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Rech
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Stannowski
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Berliner Hochschule für Technik, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steve Albrecht
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany.
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christiane Becker
- Division Solar Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany.
- Faculty 1: School of Engineering - Energy and Information, Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Imaging and quantifying non-radiative losses at 23% efficient inverted perovskite solar cells interfaces. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2868. [PMID: 35606374 PMCID: PMC9126963 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30426-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Interface engineering through passivating agents, in the form of organic molecules, is a powerful strategy to enhance the performance of perovskite solar cells. Despite its pivotal function in the development of a rational device optimization, the actual role played by the incorporation of interfacial modifications and the interface physics therein remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate the interface and device physics, quantifying charge recombination and charge losses in state-of-the-art inverted solar cells with power conversion efficiency beyond 23% - among the highest reported so far - by using multidimensional photoluminescence imaging. By doing that we extract physical parameters such as quasi-Fermi level splitting (QFLS) and Urbach energy enabling us to assess that the main passivation mechanism affects the perovskite/PCBM ([6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester) interface rather than surface defects. In this work, by linking optical, electrical measurements and modelling we highlight the benefits of organic passivation, made in this case by phenylethylammonium (PEAI) based cations, in maximising all the photovoltaic figures of merit. In this work, charge recombination and losses in inverted solar cells with dual organic cations interfacial passivation are quantified by mapping physical parameters obtained via continuous wave and time resolved photoluminescence imaging techniques.
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