1
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Lai ZX, Wu CC, Huang NT. A Microfluidic Platform with an Embedded Miniaturized Electrochemical Sensor for On-Chip Plasma Extraction Followed by In Situ High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) Detection. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1163. [PMID: 36551130 PMCID: PMC9775575 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Blood testing is a clinical diagnostic tool to evaluate physiological conditions, the immune system response, or the presence of infection from whole blood samples. Although conventional blood testing can provide rich biological information, it usually requires complicated and tedious whole blood processing steps operated by benchtop instruments and well-experienced technicians, limiting its usage in point-of-care (POC) settings. To address the above problems, we propose a microfluidic platform for on-chip plasma extraction directly from whole blood and in situ biomarker detection. Herein, we chose C-reactive protein (CRP) as the target biomarker, which can be used to predict fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) events such as heart attacks and strokes. To achieve a rapid, undiluted, and high-purity on-chip plasma extraction, we combined two whole blood processing methods: (1) anti-D immunoglobulin-assisted sedimentation, and (2) membrane filtration. To perform in situ CRP detection, we fabricated a three-dimensional (3D) microchannel with an embedded electrochemical (EC) sensor, which has a modular design to attach the blood collector and buffer reservoir with standard Luer connectors. As a proof of concept, we first confirmed that the dual plasma extraction design achieved the same purity level as the standard centrifugation method with smaller sample (100 µL of plasma extracted from 400 µL of whole blood) and time (7 min) requirements. Next, we validated the functionalization protocol of the EC sensor, followed by evaluating the detection of CRP spiked in plasma and whole blood. Our microfluidic platform performed on-chip plasma extraction directly from whole blood and in situ CRP detection at a 0.1-10 μg/mL concentration range, covering the CVD risk evaluation level of the high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) test. Based on the above features, we believe that this platform constitutes a flexible way to integrate the processing of complex samples with accurate biomarker detection in a sample-to-answer POC platform, which can be applied in CVD risk monitoring under critical clinical situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xuan Lai
- Graduation Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chien Wu
- Graduation Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Nien-Tsu Huang
- Graduation Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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2
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Alenichev M, Levin A, Yushina A, Kostrikina E, Lebedin Y, Andreeva I, Grigorenko V, Krylov V, Nifantiev N. Nano-biosensor based on the combined use of the dynamic and static light scattering for Aspergillus galactomannan analysis. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2022.100475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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3
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Deb C, Salinas AN, Zheng T, Middleton A, Kern K, Penoyer D, Borsadia R, Hunley C, Abomoelak B, Mehta V, Irastorza L, Mehta DI, Huo Q. A 1-minute blood test detects decreased immune function and increased clinical risk in COVID-19 patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23491. [PMID: 34873223 PMCID: PMC8648859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, most people will develop no or mild symptoms. However, a small percentage of the population will become severely ill, and some will succumb to death. The clinical severity of COVID-19 has a close connection to the dysregulation of the patient's immune functions. We previously developed a simple, nanoparticle-enabled blood test that can determine the humoral immune status in animals. In this study, we applied this new test to analyze the immune function in relation to disease severity in COVID-19 patients. From the testing of 153 COVID-19 patient samples and 142 negative controls, we detected a drastic decrease of humoral immunity in COVID-19 patients who developed moderate to severe symptoms, but not in patients with no or mild symptoms. The new test may be potentially used to monitor the immunity change and predict the clinical risk of patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirajyoti Deb
- Translational Research and Specialty Diagnostic Laboratory, Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando Health, 110 Bonnie Loch Court, Orlando, FL, 32806, USA.
| | - Allan N Salinas
- Translational Research and Specialty Diagnostic Laboratory, Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando Health, 110 Bonnie Loch Court, Orlando, FL, 32806, USA
| | - Tianyu Zheng
- Nano Discovery Inc., 1060 Woodcock Road Suite 131, Orlando, FL, 32803, USA
| | - Aurea Middleton
- Center for Nursing Research, Orlando Health, 1414 Kuhl Ave, Orlando, FL, 32806, USA
| | - Katelyn Kern
- Center for Digestive Health and Nutrition, Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando Health, 60 Gore St., Orlando, FL, 32806, USA
| | - Daleen Penoyer
- Center for Nursing Research, Orlando Health, 1414 Kuhl Ave, Orlando, FL, 32806, USA
| | - Rahul Borsadia
- Internal Medicine Group, Orlando Health, 1414 Kuhl Ave, Orlando, FL, 32806, USA
| | - Charles Hunley
- Critical Care Medicine, Orlando Health, 1414 Kuhl Ave, Orlando, FL, 32806, USA
| | - Bassam Abomoelak
- Translational Research and Specialty Diagnostic Laboratory, Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando Health, 110 Bonnie Loch Court, Orlando, FL, 32806, USA
| | - Vijay Mehta
- Center for Digestive Health and Nutrition, Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando Health, 60 Gore St., Orlando, FL, 32806, USA
| | - Laura Irastorza
- Center for Digestive Health and Nutrition, Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando Health, 60 Gore St., Orlando, FL, 32806, USA
| | - Devendra I Mehta
- Translational Research and Specialty Diagnostic Laboratory, Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando Health, 110 Bonnie Loch Court, Orlando, FL, 32806, USA.
- Center for Digestive Health and Nutrition, Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando Health, 60 Gore St., Orlando, FL, 32806, USA.
| | - Qun Huo
- Department of Chemistry and NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA.
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4
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Nierenberg D, Flores O, Fox D, Sip YYL, Finn C, Ghozlan H, Cox A, McKinstry KK, Zhai L, Khaled AR. Polymeric Nanoparticles with a Sera-Derived Coating for Efficient Cancer Cell Uptake and Killing. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:5591-5606. [PMID: 33681599 PMCID: PMC7931424 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-mediated cancer drug delivery remains an inefficient process. The protein corona formed on nanoparticles (NPs) controls their biological identity and, if optimized, could enhance cancer cell uptake. In this study, a hyperbranched polyester polymer (HBPE) was synthesized from diethyl malonate and used to generate NPs that were subsequently coated with normal sera (NS) collected from mice. Cellular uptake of NS-treated HBPE-NPs was compared to PEGylated HBPE-NPs and was assessed using MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells as well as endothelial and monocytic cell lines. NS-treated HBPE-NPs were taken up by TNBC cells more efficiently than PEGylated HBPE-NPs, while evasion of monocyte uptake was comparable. NS coatings facilitated cancer cell uptake of HBPE-NPs, even after prior interaction of the particles with an endothelial layer. NS-treated HBPE-NPs were not inherently toxic, did not induce the migration of endothelial cells that could lead to angiogenesis, and could efficiently deliver cytotoxic doses of paclitaxel (taxol) to TNBC cells. These findings suggest that HBPE-NPs may adsorb select sera proteins that improve uptake by cancer cells, and such NPs could be used to advance the discovery of novel factors that improve the bioavailability and tissue distribution of drug-loaded polymeric NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Nierenberg
- Burnett
School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Orielyz Flores
- Burnett
School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - David Fox
- Nanotechnology
Science Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, University
of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Yuen Yee Li Sip
- Nanotechnology
Science Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer
Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Caroline Finn
- Burnett
School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Heba Ghozlan
- Burnett
School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Amanda Cox
- Burnett
School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - K. Kai McKinstry
- Burnett
School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Lei Zhai
- Nanotechnology
Science Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer
Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, University
of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Annette R. Khaled
- Burnett
School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
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5
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Mohammed AS, Balapure A, Khaja MN, Ganesan R, Dutta JR. Naked-eye colorimetric detection of HCV RNA mediated by a 5' UTR-targeted antisense oligonucleotide and plasmonic gold nanoparticles. Analyst 2021; 146:1569-1578. [PMID: 33586713 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02481c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection worldwide is a major concern for causing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Currently, the prevalence of HCV infection is estimated to be in the range of ∼3%. According to the World Health Organization, antiviral drugs can cure more than 95% of the HCV infected cases, if timely diagnosis and treatment are provided. The gold standard RT-qPCR assay is expensive and requires a minimum turnaround time of 4 h. Hence, a rapid and cost-effective detection assay that can be used even in resource-limited settings would be highly beneficial for mass level screening. Herein, we present an Au NP based facile strategy for rapid, early-stage, and sensitive detection of HCV RNA in clinical samples which avoids thiol tagging to the antisense oligonucleotide and expensive infrastructure. This technique utilizes the hybridization of a short-chain antisense oligonucleotide from the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of the viral genome with the isolated HCV RNA samples. Using a specific sequence universal to all HCV genotypes-obtained through the NCBI BLASTn tool-the HCV positive samples have stabilized the citrate capped Au NPs against salt-induced aggregation, retaining their red color. On the other hand, negative controls, including HBV and HIV positive samples, do not stabilize the Au NPs, which results in purple coloration. Besides, the assay is successfully tested with a RNase A enzyme-treated HCV positive sample, which does not stabilize the Au NPs, thus confirming the role of the viral HCV RNA in this strategy. This Au NP based assay takes about 30 min using the viral RNA isolate and has high specificity with a detection limit of 100 IU mL-1, which is ∼10 fold lower than the state-of-the-art Au NP based strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almas Shamaila Mohammed
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal, Hyderabad-500078, India. and Bioviz Technologies Pvt Ltd, Plot No. 46, UBI Colony, Road No. 3, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad-500034, India
| | - Aniket Balapure
- Department of Chemistry, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal, Hyderabad-500078, India.
| | - Mahammad Nanne Khaja
- Bioviz Technologies Pvt Ltd, Plot No. 46, UBI Colony, Road No. 3, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad-500034, India
| | - Ramakrishnan Ganesan
- Department of Chemistry, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal, Hyderabad-500078, India.
| | - Jayati Ray Dutta
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal, Hyderabad-500078, India.
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6
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Corbo C, Li AA, Poustchi H, Lee GY, Stacks S, Molinaro R, Ma P, Platt T, Behzadi S, Langer R, Farias V, Farokhzad OC. Analysis of the Human Plasma Proteome Using Multi-Nanoparticle Protein Corona for Detection of Alzheimer's Disease. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2000948. [PMID: 33169521 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
As the population affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD) grows, so does the need for a noninvasive and accurate diagnostic tool. Current research reveals that AD pathogenesis begins as early as decades before clinical symptoms. The unique properties of nanoparticles (NPs) may be exploited to develop noninvasive diagnostics for early detection of AD. After exposure of NPs to biological fluids, the NP surface is altered by an unbiased but selective and reproducible adsorption of biomolecules commonly referred to as the biomolecular corona or protein corona (PC). The discovery that the plasma proteome may be differentially altered during health and disease leads to the concept of disease-specific PCs. Herein, the disease-specific PCs formed around NPs in a multi-NPs platform are employed to successfully identify subtle changes in plasma protein patterns and detect AD (>92% specificity and ≈100% sensitivity). Similar discrimination power is achieved using banked plasma samples from a cohort of patients several years prior to their diagnosis with AD. With the nanoplatform's analytic ability to analyze pathological proteomic changes into a disease-specific identifier, this promising, noninvasive technology with implications for early detection and intervention could benefit not only patients with AD but other diseases as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Corbo
- Center for Nanomedicine Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
- School of Medicine and Surgery Nanomedicine Center Nanomib University of Milano‐Bicocca Vedano al Lambro 20854 Italy
| | - Andrew A. Li
- Tepper School of Business Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center Digestive Disease Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran 4117‐13135 Iran
| | - Gha Young Lee
- Center for Nanomedicine Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Sabrina Stacks
- Center for Nanomedicine Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Roberto Molinaro
- Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Philip Ma
- Seer, Inc. 3800 Bridge Parkway Redwood City CA 94065 USA
| | - Theo Platt
- Seer, Inc. 3800 Bridge Parkway Redwood City CA 94065 USA
| | - Shahed Behzadi
- Center for Nanomedicine Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT Cambridge MA 02139‐4307 USA
| | - Vivek Farias
- Sloan School of Management Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02142 USA
| | - Omid C. Farokhzad
- Center for Nanomedicine Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
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7
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Updated insight into COVID-19 disease and health management to combat the pandemic. ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT OF NOVEL CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19 ) 2021. [PMCID: PMC8237642 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-85780-2.00017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes COVID-19 disease in humans and is the responsible viral agent for the currently ongoing pandemic. Early cases of COVID-19 were reported from Wuhan, Hubei province of China, the likely birthplace of this outbreak. Currently, over 92 million people in the globe are actively battling this virus, and over 2 million individuals have already succumbed to the disease. The high human-to-human transmission capacity of the virus is among the primary causes for such a rapid global spread of COVID-19. In humans, it causes acute to severe respiratory distress in the form of pneumonia. The presentation of clinical features of the disease ranges from mild in healthy adults to severe among individuals with weakened or immunocompromised immune systems and the elderly. Thus, increasing patient cases of COVID-19 warrants a growing demand for medical attention that is eventually overburdening our health care systems. Rapid detection of COVID-19 in suspected individuals and isolation are among the crucial intervention norms in health management strategies to control the COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to strict observance of public hygienic practices such as reduced public gathering, use of facial masks, and practicing of social distancing. This chapter provides an overview of the epidemiology of COVID-19 and the current classical health management strategies and issues to tackle this pandemic. It particularly highlights the role of standard as well as novel biomolecular diagnostic techniques as a tool for successful implementation of such public safety measures issued by medical policy makers and the governing bodies.
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8
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Point-Of-Care or Point-Of-Need Diagnostic Tests: Time to Change Outbreak Investigation and Pathogen Detection. Trop Med Infect Dis 2020; 5:tropicalmed5040151. [PMID: 32992688 PMCID: PMC7709694 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed5040151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the recent years, the progress of international trade and travel has led to an increased risk of emerging infections. Around 75 percent of the pathogens causing these infections are of animal origin. Point-of-care tests (POCT) and point-of-need tests (PONT) have been established in order to directly provide accurate and rapid diagnostics at field level, the patient bed-side or at the site of outbreaks. These assays can help physicians and decision makers to take the right action without delay. Typically, POCT and PONT rely on genomic identification of pathogens or track their immunological fingerprint. Recently, protocols for metagenomic diagnostics in the field have been developed. In this review, we give an overview of the latest developments in portable diagnostic methods. In addition, four mobile platforms for the implementation of these techniques at point-of-care and point-of-need are described. These approaches can provide reliable diagnostics and surveillance, especially in low resource settings as well as at the level of one health.
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9
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Tamil Selvan S, Padmanabhan P, Zoltán Gulyás B. Nanotechnology-Based Diagnostics and Therapy for Pathogen-Related Infections in the CNS. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2371-2377. [PMID: 31726008 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) encompasses the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, where both brain and spinal cord are safeguarded by the meninges. However, serious bacterial, viral, or fungal infection in the brain causes life-threatening diseases such as meningitis. Engineered nanostructures hold great promise for not only in the diagnosis but also for combating microbial drug resistance owing to their high surface area and innate antibacterial activity. We delineate several nanoparticle-based approaches to enhance the CNS delivery of drugs across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). While pathogens invade the CNS by phagocytosis or receptor (e.g., EphA2)-mediated transcytosis, most of the nanoparticles cross the BBB via receptor-mediated transcytosis (e.g., antibody, peptide, protein). We also provide our perspectives on the diagnostic pathways based on nanotechnology for the detection of pathogens in the brain, thereby opening up new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanian Tamil Selvan
- Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921
| | - Parasuraman Padmanabhan
- Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921
| | - Balázs Zoltán Gulyás
- Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921
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10
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Dynamic light scattering biosensing based on analyte-induced inhibition of nanoparticle aggregation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3423-3431. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02605-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Caputo D, Caracciolo G. Nanoparticle-enabled blood tests for early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Lett 2020; 470:191-196. [PMID: 31783084 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is often detected too late to allow adequate treatments with the result that patients are condemned to sufferings and early death. Most efforts have been therefore aimed at identifying sensitive PDAC biomarkers. Although biomarkers have numerous advantages, sample size, intra-individual variability, existence of several biases and confounding variables and cost of investigation make their clinical application challenging. In recent years, nanotechnology is providing new options for early cancer detection. Among recent discoveries, the concept is emerging that the protein corona, i.e. the layer of plasma proteins that surrounds nanomaterials in bodily fluids, is personalized. In particular, the protein corona of cancer patients is significantly different from that of healthy individuals. Herein, we review this concept with a particular focus on clinical relevance. We also discuss the recently developed nanoparticle-enabled blood (NEB) tests that demonstrated to be promising in discriminating PDAC patients from healthy volunteers by global change of the nanoparticle-protein corona. We conclude with a critical discussion of research perspectives aimed at further improving the prediction ability of the test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Caputo
- Department of Surgery, University Campus-Biomedico di Roma, Via Alvaro Del Portillo 200, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Caracciolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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12
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Zheng T, Moustafa Y, Finn C, Scott S, Haase CJ, Carpinelli NA, Osorio JS, McKinstry KK, Strutt TM, Huo Q. A rapid blood test to monitor immunity shift during pregnancy and potential application for animal health management. SENSORS INTERNATIONAL 2020; 1. [PMID: 35600205 PMCID: PMC9122116 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2020.100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune health of a farm animal can have significant impact on its overall health, welfare and productivity. One of the most vulnerable physiological states for both humans and animals is pregnancy. Many systemic changes correlate with the gravid state, including shifts in the immune system that may impact the ability to respond optimally to pathogen challenge. Because of this, it would be beneficial to be able to monitor the immune health of the pregnant animals closely. Recently, we developed a new nanoparticle-enabled rapid blood test that can detect ongoing immune responses from both laboratory and farm animals. Here, we report that this novel test reveals highly repeatable and acute changes associated with pregnancy and peri-parturition period in laboratory mice and in cattle. We hypothesize that the test score change reflects changes in the immune status of the gravid females related to the humoral immune response. The test is easy to conduct, of low cost, with results obtained in less than 20 min. This rapid test could be potentially used as an onsite test in local farms and small clinics for animal health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zheng
- Nano Discovery Inc., 1060 Woodcock Road Suite 131, Orlando, FL, 32803, USA
| | - Yasmine Moustafa
- Department of Chemistry and NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA
| | - Caroline Finn
- Burnett School of Biomedical Science, Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Sydney Scott
- Department of Chemistry and NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA
| | - Christopher J Haase
- CJ Haase Veterinary & Immunological Service, 407 Prairie St, Reeseville, WI, 53579, USA
| | - Nathaly A Carpinelli
- Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - Johan S Osorio
- Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - Karl K McKinstry
- Burnett School of Biomedical Science, Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Tara M Strutt
- Burnett School of Biomedical Science, Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Qun Huo
- Department of Chemistry and NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA
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13
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Ruiz G, Ryan N, Rutschke K, Awotunde O, Driskell JD. Antibodies Irreversibly Adsorb to Gold Nanoparticles and Resist Displacement by Common Blood Proteins. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:10601-10609. [PMID: 31335148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with proteins to impart desirable surface properties have been developed for many nanobiotechnology applications. A strong interaction between the protein and nanoparticle is critical to the formation of a stable conjugate to realize the potential of these emerging technologies. In this work, we examine the robustness of a protein layer adsorbed onto gold nanoparticles while under the stress of a physiological environment that could potentially lead to protein exchange on the nanoparticle surface. The adsorption interaction of common blood plasma proteins (transferrin, human serum albumin, and fibrinogen) and anti-horseradish peroxidase antibody onto AuNPs is investigated by nanoparticle tracking analysis. Our data show that a monolayer of protein is formed at saturation for each protein, and the maximum size increase for the conjugate, relative to the AuNP core, correlates with the protein size. The binding affinity of each protein to the AuNP is extracted from a best fit of the adsorption isotherm to the Hill equation. The antibody displays the greatest affinity (Kd = 15.2 ± 0.8 nM) that is ∼20-65 times stronger than the affinity of the other plasma proteins. Antibody-AuNP conjugates were prepared, purified, and suspended in solutions of blood plasma proteins to evaluate the stability of the antibody layer. An enzyme-mediated assay confirms that the antibody-AuNP interaction is irreversible, and the adsorbed antibody resists displacement by the plasma proteins. This work provides insight into the capabilities and potential limitations of antibody-AuNP-enabled technologies in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry , Illinois State University , Normal , Illinois 61790 , United States
| | - Nicki Ryan
- Department of Chemistry , Illinois State University , Normal , Illinois 61790 , United States
| | - Kylie Rutschke
- Department of Chemistry , Illinois State University , Normal , Illinois 61790 , United States
| | - Olatunde Awotunde
- Department of Chemistry , Illinois State University , Normal , Illinois 61790 , United States
| | - Jeremy D Driskell
- Department of Chemistry , Illinois State University , Normal , Illinois 61790 , United States
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14
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Kang J, Yeom G, Jang H, Oh J, Park CJ, Kim MG. Development of Replication Protein A-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles for Highly Sensitive Detection of Disease Biomarkers. Anal Chem 2019; 91:10001-10007. [PMID: 31269392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) using conventional sandwich-type immunoassays are one of the most commonly used point-of-care (PoC) tests. However, the application of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in LFIAs does not meet sensitivity requirements for the detection of infectious diseases or biomarkers present at low concentrations in body fluids because of the limited number of AuNPs that can bind to the target. To overcome this problem, we first developed a single-stranded DNA binding protein (RPA70A, DNA binding domain A of human Replication Protein A 70 kDa) conjugated to AuNPs for a sandwich assay using a capture antibody immobilized in the LFIA and an aptamer as a detection probe, thus, enabling signal intensity enhancement by attaching several AuNPs per aptamer. We applied this method to detect the influenza nucleoprotein (NP) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI). We visually detected spiked targets at a low femtomolar range, with limits of detection for NP in human nasal fluid and for cTnI in serum of 0.26 and 0.23 pg·mL-1, respectively. This technique showed significantly higher sensitivity than conventional methods that are widely used in LFIAs involving antibody-conjugated AuNPs. These results suggest that the proposed method can be universally applied to the detection of substances requiring high sensitivity and can be used in the field of PoC testing for early disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyoung Kang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju , 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Gyuho Yeom
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju , 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjun Jang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju , 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jusung Oh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju , 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Chin-Ju Park
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju , 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju , 61005 , Republic of Korea
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15
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Ruiz G, Tripathi K, Okyem S, Driskell JD. pH Impacts the Orientation of Antibody Adsorbed onto Gold Nanoparticles. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:1182-1191. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790, United States
| | - Kiran Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790, United States
| | - Samuel Okyem
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790, United States
| | - Jeremy D. Driskell
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790, United States
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16
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Zheng T, Crews J, McGill JL, Dhume K, Finn C, Strutt T, McKinstry KK, Huo Q. A Single-Step Gold Nanoparticle-Blood Serum Interaction Assay Reveals Humoral Immunity Development and Immune Status of Animals from Neonates to Adults. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:228-238. [PMID: 30521752 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A well-developed, functional immune system is paramount to combat harmful attacks from pathogenic organisms and prevent infectious diseases. Newborn animals and humans have only limited immunity upon birth, but their immune functions are expected to develop within weeks to months and eventually to reach a maturity that will provide full protection. Despite the importance of immune activity in animal and human health management, there is no convenient test available that allows for rapid assessment of the state of immune function in nonlaboratory settings. Here we report an extremely simple and rapid blood test that may be used in point-of-care clinics or field settings to evaluate the humoral immune status of animals. The test detects a cooperative interaction between a gold nanoparticle and arguably the three most important proteins involved in the immune system: immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and at least one complement protein, C3, in the blood serum. Such interactions cause the gold nanoparticles to form clusters and aggregates. The average particle size of the gold nanoparticle-serum mixture, measured by dynamic light scattering, corresponds positively to the immune status and activity of the subject. Our study demonstrates that the test may be used not only for monitoring the immune function development from neonates to adults, but also for detecting active immune responses during infection. Although data reported here are largely based on murine and bovine models, it is likely that this test will be applicable to humans as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - John Crews
- Warner University, 13896 Highway 27, Lake Wales, Florida 33859, United States
| | - Jodi L. McGill
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1800 Christensen Drive, Ames, Iowa 50011-1134, United States
| | - Kunal Dhume
- Burnett School of Biomedical Science, Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Caroline Finn
- Burnett School of Biomedical Science, Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Tara Strutt
- Burnett School of Biomedical Science, Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Karl K. McKinstry
- Burnett School of Biomedical Science, Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Qun Huo
- Department of Chemistry and NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 400, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
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Levin AD, Filimonov IS, Alenichev MK, Goidina TA. Mathematical Modeling of Nanosensor Systems Based on Dynamic Light Scattering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1995078018040092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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18
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Mahmoudi M, Pakpour S, Perry G. Drug-Abuse Nanotechnology: Opportunities and Challenges. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:2288-2298. [PMID: 29851334 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid drug abuse and dependence/addiction are complex disorders regulated by a wide range of interacting networks of genes and pathways that control a variety of phenotypes. Although the field has been extensively progressed since the birth of the National Institute on Drug Abuse in 1974, the fundamental knowledge and involved mechanisms that lead to drug dependence/addiction are poorly understood, and thus, there has been limited success in the prevention of drug addiction and development of therapeutics for definitive treatment and cure of addiction disease. The lack of success in both identification of addiction in at-risk populations and the development of efficient drugs has resulted in a serious social and economic burden from opioid drug abuse with global increasing rate of mortality from drug overdoses. This perspective aims to draw the attention of scientists to the potential role of nanotechnologies, which might pave the way for the development of more practical platforms for either drug development or identification and screening of patients who may be vulnerable to addiction after using opioid drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Mahmoudi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Sepideh Pakpour
- Infectious Disease & Microbiome, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - George Perry
- Neurosciences Institute and Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Texas, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
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