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Chen L, Ren M, Zhou J, Zhou X, Liu F, Di J, Xue P, Li C, Li Q, Li Y, Wei L, Zhang Q. Bioinspired iontronic synapse fibers for ultralow-power multiplexing neuromorphic sensorimotor textiles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2407971121. [PMID: 39110725 PMCID: PMC11331142 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2407971121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Artificial neuromorphic devices can emulate dendric integration, axonal parallel transmission, along with superior energy efficiency in facilitating efficient information processing, offering enormous potential for wearable electronics. However, integrating such circuits into textiles to achieve biomimetic information perception, processing, and control motion feedback remains a formidable challenge. Here, we engineer a quasi-solid-state iontronic synapse fiber (ISF) comprising photoresponsive TiO2, ion storage Co-MoS2, and an ion transport layer. The resulting ISF achieves inherent short-term synaptic plasticity, femtojoule-range energy consumption, and the ability to transduce chemical/optical signals. Multiple ISFs are interwoven into a synthetic neural fabric, allowing the simultaneous propagation of distinct optical signals for transmitting parallel information. Importantly, IFSs with multiple input electrodes exhibit spatiotemporal information integration. As a proof of concept, a textile-based multiplexing neuromorphic sensorimotor system is constructed to connect synaptic fibers with artificial fiber muscles, enabling preneuronal sensing information integration, parallel transmission, and postneuronal information output to control the coordinated motor of fiber muscles. The proposed fiber system holds enormous promise in wearable electronics, soft robotics, and biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou215123, China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore639798, Singapore
| | - Ming Ren
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou215123, China
| | - Jianxian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou215123, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore639798, Singapore
| | - Fan Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore639798, Singapore
| | - Jiangtao Di
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou215123, China
| | - Pan Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou225002, China
| | - Chunsheng Li
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou215009, China
| | - Qingwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou215123, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan250101, China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore639798, Singapore
| | - Qichong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou215123, China
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Liu H, Song J, Zhao Z, Zhao S, Tian Z, Yan F. Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Biomarker Detections. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305347. [PMID: 38263718 PMCID: PMC11251571 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The improvement of living standards and the advancement of medical technology have led to an increased focus on health among individuals. Detections of biomarkers are feasible approaches to obtaining information about health status, disease progression, and response to treatment of an individual. In recent years, organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have demonstrated high electrical performances and effectiveness in detecting various types of biomarkers. This review provides an overview of the working principles of OECTs and their performance in detecting multiple types of biomarkers, with a focus on the recent advances and representative applications of OECTs in wearable and implantable biomarker detections, and provides a perspective for the future development of OECT-based biomarker sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077P. R. China
| | - Jiajun Song
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077P. R. China
| | - Zeyu Zhao
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077P. R. China
| | - Sanqing Zhao
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Tian
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077P. R. China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077P. R. China
- Research Institute of Intelligent Wearable SystemsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077P. R. China
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3
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Uguz I, Ohayon D, Arslan V, Sheelamanthula R, Griggs S, Hama A, Stanton JW, McCulloch I, Inal S, Shepard KL. Flexible switch matrix addressable electrode arrays with organic electrochemical transistor and pn diode technology. Nat Commun 2024; 15:533. [PMID: 38225257 PMCID: PMC10789794 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44024-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to their effective ionic-to-electronic signal conversion and mechanical flexibility, organic neural implants hold considerable promise for biocompatible neural interfaces. Current approaches are, however, primarily limited to passive electrodes due to a lack of circuit components to realize complex active circuits at the front-end. Here, we introduce a p-n organic electrochemical diode using complementary p- and n-type conducting polymer films embedded in a 15-μm -diameter vertical stack. Leveraging the efficient motion of encapsulated cations inside this polymer stack and the opposite doping mechanisms of the constituent polymers, we demonstrate high current rectification ratios ([Formula: see text]) and fast switching speeds (230 μs). We integrate p-n organic electrochemical diodes with organic electrochemical transistors in the front-end pixel of a recording array. This configuration facilitates the access of organic electrochemical transistor output currents within a large network operating in the same electrolyte, while minimizing crosstalk from neighboring elements due to minimized reverse-biased leakage. Furthermore, we use these devices to fabricate time-division-multiplexed amplifier arrays. Lastly, we show that, when fabricated in a shank format, this technology enables the multiplexing of amplified local field potentials directly in the active recording pixel (26-μm diameter) in a minimally invasive form factor with shank cross-sectional dimensions of only 50×8 [Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilke Uguz
- Electrical Engineering Department, Columbia University, New York, 10027, NY, USA.
| | - David Ohayon
- Organic Bioelectronics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Volkan Arslan
- Electrical Engineering Department, Columbia University, New York, 10027, NY, USA
| | | | - Sophie Griggs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Adel Hama
- Organic Bioelectronics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - John William Stanton
- Electrical Engineering Department, Columbia University, New York, 10027, NY, USA
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Sahika Inal
- Organic Bioelectronics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kenneth L Shepard
- Electrical Engineering Department, Columbia University, New York, 10027, NY, USA
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Zhou H, Li P, Zhang E, Kunigkeit J, Zhou X, Haase K, Rita Ortega Vega M, Wang S, Xu X, Grothe J, Mannsfeld SCB, Brunner E, Kaneko K, Kaskel S. General Design Concepts for CAPodes as Ionologic Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202305397. [PMID: 37394690 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202305397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Capacitive analogues of semiconductor diodes (CAPodes) present a new avenue for energy-efficient and nature-inspired next-generation computing devices. Here, we disclose the generalized concept for bias-direction-adjustable n- and p-CAPodes based on selective ion sieving. Controllable-unidirectional ion flux is realized by blocking electrolyte ions from entering sub-nanometer pores. The resulting CAPodes exhibit charge-storage characteristics with a high rectification ratio (96.29 %). The enhancement of capacitance is attributed to the high surface area and porosity of an omnisorbing carbon as counter electrode. Furthermore, we demonstrate the use of an integrated device in a logic gate circuit architecture to implement logic operations ('OR', 'AND'). This work demonstrates CAPodes as a generalized concept to achieve p-n and n-p analogue junctions based on selective ion electrosorption, provides a comprehensive understanding and highlights applications of ion-based diodes in ionologic architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanfeng Zhou
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Panlong Li
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - En Zhang
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jonas Kunigkeit
- Bioanalytical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xiongjun Zhou
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingming South 727, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Katherina Haase
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 18, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria Rita Ortega Vega
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Shuwen Wang
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Shinshu University, 4-17-1, Wakasato, 390-8621, Nagano-City, Japan
| | - Xiaosa Xu
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julia Grothe
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan C B Mannsfeld
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 18, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eike Brunner
- Bioanalytical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katsumi Kaneko
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Shinshu University, 4-17-1, Wakasato, 390-8621, Nagano-City, Japan
| | - Stefan Kaskel
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Fraunhofer IWS, Winterbergstrasse 28, 01277, Dresden, Germany
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