Surface-Enhanced Biocompatibility and Adsorption Capacity of a Zirconium Phosphate-Coated Polyaniline Composite

An overview of atmospheric aerosol and their effects on human health

Epidemiologic investigations have previously been published in more than 200 papers, and several studies have examined the impacts of particle air pollution on health. The main conclusions now being made about the epidemiological evidence of particle pollution-induced health impacts are discussed in this article. Although there is no universal agreement, most reviewers conclude that particulate air pollution, particularly excellent combustion-cause contamination prevalent in many municipal and manufacturing environments, is a significant risk for cardiopulmonary sickness and mortality. Most epidemiological research has concentrated on the impacts of acute exposure, although the total public health implications of chronic acquaintance's outcome may be more extraordinarily significant. According to some reviewers, prolonged, repeated exposure raises the risk of cardiorespiratory death and chronic respiratory illness. A more general (but still universal) agreement is that short-term particle pollution exposure has been shown to aggravate pre-existing pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases and increase the number of community members who become sick, require medical treatment, or die. Several in-depth studies conducted in the global and Indian regions are addressed.

Zirconium Phosphate-Incorporated Polyaniline-Graphene Oxide Composite Modified Electrodes for Effective and Selective Detection of Nitrite

Nitrite contamination in food, water, and environmental samples poses a substantial health hazard, owing to its capacity for transformation into carcinogenic compounds. Given the profound ecological and physiological implications, precise and highly sensitive surveillance of nitrite has emerged as an imperative area of concern, addressing the substantial detrimental impact that it can have on both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The novel electroactive polyaniline-graphene oxide composite, incorporating hexagonal zirconium phosphate discs (PGZrP), was systematically engineered as a foundation for an advanced electrochemical sensor, enabling precise nitrite detection in diverse aqueous and biological matrices. At a specific potential peak of +0.85 V, observed within a pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solution, the PGZrP-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) exhibited exceptional electrocatalytic proficiency in the sensing nitrite ions (NO2-), surpassing the performance of alternative electrode configurations, including the zirconium phosphate-modified GCE (ZrP/GCE), graphene oxide-modified GCE (GO/GCE), polyaniline-graphene oxide-modified GCE (PG/GCE), and the unmodified bare glassy carbon electrode. The constructed sensor demonstrated an impressive limit of detection at 80 nM along with a broad and linear detection range spanning from 124 nM to 40 mM. The synergistic effect created by the close contact between ZrP and PG, which resulted in a well-enhanced electrochemical sensing capability, was responsible for this exceptional activity. The developed sensor exhibited an enhanced electrochemical performance characterized by an extended operational range, a heightened detection threshold, and exceptional sensitivity. The PGZrP/GCE sensor, as fabricated, consistently demonstrated commendable operational stability, robust reproducibility, and remarkable repeatability in its capacity for nitrite detection. Furthermore, its successful application in the precise quantification of nitrite levels within environmental water samples and blood specimens showcased an impressive recovery rate, establishing it as a promising tool for diverse analytical applications. These findings indicate the promising potential of the PGZrP composite for integration into electrochemical devices designed to deliver rapid response times, heightened sensitivity, and sustained stability, thereby placing it as a potential candidate for the production of cutting-edge sensors, particularly those employed for the precise recognition of nitrite in aquatic and biological specimens.

Utilization of ZnFe2O4-Polyaniline (PANI), ZnFe2O4-Polystyrene (PST), and ZnFe2O4-Polypyrrole (PPy) nanocomposites for removal of Red X-GRL and Direct Sky Blue dyes from wastewater: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies

In this study, ZnFe2O4-Polyaniline (PANI), ZnFe2O4-Polystyrene (PST), and ZnFe2O4-Polypyrrole (Ppy) nanocomposites were synthesized by the adsorption method and characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted for removing two types of hazardous dyes Red X-GRL and Direct Sky Blue 51 from an aqueous solution and the effect of pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and initial concentration of dyes were investigated. Meanwhile, kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic parameters were also determined. The electrolyte and surfactant effect was also tested for the prepared nanocomposites. To test the reusability desorption study was also conducted.

Mussel-Inspired Surface Modification of α-Zirconium Phosphate Nanosheets for Anchoring Efficient and Reusable Ultrasmall Au Nanocatalysts

The shortage of powerful functionalities on scalable α-zirconium phosphate (ZrP) materials blocks the facile preparation of highly dispersed and immobilized metal nanocatalysts. We herein present a mild and facile mussel-inspired strategy based on polydopamine (PDA) for the surface modification of ZrP, and hence, the generation of powerful functionalities at a high density for the straightforward reduction of chloroauric acid to Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) and the immobilization of AuNPs. The resulting ternary ZrP@PDA/Au exhibited ultra-small AuNPs with a particle size of around 6.5 nm, as estimated based on TEM images. Consequently, the ZrP@PDA/Au catalyst showed significant activity in the catalytic conversion of 4-nitrophenol (4NP) to 4-aminophenol (4AP), a critical transformation reaction in turning the hazard into valuable intermediates for drug synthesis. The PDA was demonstrated to play a critical role in the fabrication of the highly efficient ZrP@PDA/Au catalyst, far outperforming the ZrP/Au counterpart. The turnover frequency (TOF) achieved by the ZrP@PDA/Au reached as high as 38.10 min^-1, much higher than some reported noble metal-based catalysts. In addition, the ZrP@PDA/Au showed high stability and reusability, of which the catalytic efficiency was not significantly degraded after prolonged storage in solution.