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Klimovich A, Bosch TCG. Novel technologies uncover novel 'anti'-microbial peptides in Hydra shaping the species-specific microbiome. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230058. [PMID: 38497265 PMCID: PMC10945409 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The freshwater polyp Hydra uses an elaborate innate immune machinery to maintain its specific microbiome. Major components of this toolkit are conserved Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated immune pathways and species-specific antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Our study harnesses advanced technologies, such as high-throughput sequencing and machine learning, to uncover a high complexity of the Hydra's AMPs repertoire. Functional analysis reveals that these AMPs are specific against diverse members of the Hydra microbiome and expressed in a spatially controlled pattern. Notably, in the outer epithelial layer, AMPs are produced mainly in the neurons. The neuron-derived AMPs are secreted directly into the glycocalyx, the habitat for symbiotic bacteria, and display high selectivity and spatial restriction of expression. In the endodermal layer, in contrast, endodermal epithelial cells produce an abundance of different AMPs including members of the arminin and hydramacin families, while gland cells secrete kazal-type protease inhibitors. Since the endodermal layer lines the gastric cavity devoid of symbiotic bacteria, we assume that endodermally secreted AMPs protect the gastric cavity from intruding pathogens. In conclusion, Hydra employs a complex set of AMPs expressed in distinct tissue layers and cell types to combat pathogens and to maintain a stable spatially organized microbiome. This article is part of the theme issue 'Sculpting the microbiome: how host factors determine and respond to microbial colonization'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Klimovich
- Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, Kiel 24118, Germany
| | - Thomas C. G. Bosch
- Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, Kiel 24118, Germany
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2
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Torres MDT, Cesaro A, de la Fuente-Nunez C. Peptides from non-immune proteins target infections through antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.25.586636. [PMID: 38585860 PMCID: PMC10996515 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.25.586636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Encrypted peptides have been recently described as a new class of antimicrobial molecules. They have been proposed to play a role in host immunity and as alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Intriguingly, many of these peptides are found embedded in proteins unrelated to the immune system, suggesting that immunological responses may extend beyond traditional host immunity proteins. To test this idea, here we synthesized and tested representative peptides derived from non-immune proteins for their ability to exert antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. Our experiments revealed that most of the tested peptides from non-immune proteins, derived from structural proteins as well as proteins from the nervous and visual systems, displayed potent in vitro antimicrobial activity. These molecules killed bacterial pathogens by targeting their membrane, and those originating from the same region of the body exhibited synergistic effects when combined. Beyond their antimicrobial properties, nearly 90% of the peptides tested exhibited immunomodulatory effects, modulating inflammatory mediators such as IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1. Moreover, eight of the peptides identified, collagenin 3 and 4, zipperin-1 and 2, and immunosin-2, 3, 12, and 13, displayed anti-infective efficacy in two different preclinical mouse models, reducing bacterial infections by up to four orders of magnitude. Altogether, our results support the hypothesis that peptides from non-immune proteins may play a role in host immunity. These results potentially expand our notion of the immune system to include previously unrecognized proteins and peptides that may be activated upon infection to confer protection to the host.
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3
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De los Santos L, Beckman RL, DeBarro C, Keener JE, Torres MD, de la Fuente-Nunez C, Brodbelt JS, Fleeman RM. Polyproline peptide targets Klebsiella pneumoniae polysaccharides to collapse biofilms. CELL REPORTS. PHYSICAL SCIENCE 2024; 5:101869. [PMID: 38605913 PMCID: PMC11008256 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrp.2024.101869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae is known for its increased extracellular polysaccharide production. Biofilm matrices of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae have increased polysaccharide abundance and are uniquely susceptible to disruption by peptide bactenecin 7 (bac7 (1-35)). Here, using confocal microscopy, we show that polysaccharides within the biofilm matrix collapse following bac7 (1-35) treatment. This collapse led to the release of cells from the biofilm, which were then killed by the peptide. Characterization of truncated peptide analogs revealed that their interactions with polysaccharide were responsible for the biofilm matrix changes that accompany bac7 (1-35) treatment. Ultraviolet photodissociation mass spectrometry with the parental peptide or a truncated analog bac7 (10-35) reveal the important regions for bac7 (1-35) complexing with polysaccharides. Finally, we tested bac7 (1-35) using a murine skin abscess model and observed a significant decrease in the bacterial burden. These findings unveil the potential of bac7 (1-35) polysaccharide interactions to collapse K. pneumoniae biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura De los Santos
- Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Robert L. Beckman
- Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Christina DeBarro
- Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - James E. Keener
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Marcelo D.T. Torres
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer S. Brodbelt
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Renee M. Fleeman
- Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- X (formerly Twitter): @FleemanLab
- Lead contact
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4
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Surekha S, Lamiyan AK, Gupta V. Antibiotic Resistant Biofilms and the Quest for Novel Therapeutic Strategies. Indian J Microbiol 2024; 64:20-35. [PMID: 38468748 PMCID: PMC10924852 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-023-01138-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major leading causes of death around the globe. Present treatment pipelines are insufficient to overcome the critical situation. Prominent biofilm forming human pathogens which can thrive in infection sites using adaptive features results in biofilm persistence. Considering the present scenario, prudential investigations into the mechanisms of resistance target them to improve antibiotic efficacy is required. Regarding this, developing newer and effective treatment options using edge cutting technologies in medical research is the need of time. The reasons underlying the adaptive features in biofilm persistence have been centred on different metabolic and physiological aspects. The high tolerance levels against antibiotics direct researchers to search for novel bioactive molecules that can help combat the problem. In view of this, the present review outlines the focuses on an opportunity of different strategies which are in testing pipeline can thus be developed into products ready to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumya Surekha
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Varsha Gupta
- GMCH: Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
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5
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Dsouza FP, Dinesh S, Sharma S. Understanding the intricacies of microbial biofilm formation and its endurance in chronic infections: a key to advancing biofilm-targeted therapeutic strategies. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:85. [PMID: 38300317 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03802-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms can adhere to various surfaces in the environment with human beings being no exception. Enclosed in a self-secreted matrix which contains extracellular polymeric substances, biofilms are intricate communities of bacteria that play a significant role across various sectors and raise concerns for public health, medicine and industries. These complex structures allow free-floating planktonic cells to adopt multicellular mode of growth which leads to persistent infections. This is of great concern as biofilms can withstand external attacks which include antibiotics and immune responses. A more comprehensive and innovative approach to therapy is needed in view of the increasing issue of bacterial resistance brought on by the overuse of conventional antimicrobial medications. Thus, to oppose the challenges posed by biofilm-related infections, innovative therapeutic strategies are being explored which include targeting extracellular polymeric substances, quorum sensing, and persister cells. Biofilm-responsive nanoparticles show promising results by improving drug delivery and reducing the side effects. This review comprehensively examines the factors influencing biofilm formation, host immune defence mechanisms, infections caused by biofilms, diagnostic approaches, and biofilm-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susha Dinesh
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560043, India.
| | - Sameer Sharma
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560043, India
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6
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Dai J, Luo W, Hu F, Li S. In vitro inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm formation by DZ2002 through regulation of extracellular DNA and alginate production. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1333773. [PMID: 38268790 PMCID: PMC10806038 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1333773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a common pathogen associated with biofilm infections, which can lead to persistent infections. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new anti-biofilm drugs. DZ2002 is a reversible inhibitor that targets S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase and possesses anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory activities. However, its anti-biofilm activity has not been reported yet. Methods and results Therefore, we investigated the effect of DZ2002 on P. aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm formation by crystal violet staining (CV), real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The results indicated that although DZ2002 didn't affect the growth of planktonic PAO1, it could significantly inhibit the formation of mature biofilms. During the inhibition of biofilm formation by DZ2002, there was a parallel decrease in the synthesis of alginate and the expression level of alginate genes, along with a weakening of swarming motility. However, these results were unrelated to the expression of lasI, lasR, rhII, rhIR. Additionally, we also found that after treatment with DZ2002, the biofilms and extracellular DNA content of PAO1 were significantly reduced. Molecular docking results further confirmed that DZ2002 had a strong binding affinity with the active site of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SahH) of PAO1. Discussion In summary, our results indicated that DZ2002 may interact with SahH in PAO1, inhibiting the formation of mature biofilms by downregulating alginate synthesis, extracellular DNA production and swarming motility. These findings demonstrate the potential value of DZ2002 in treating biofilm infections associated with P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaze Dai
- Medical Laboratory Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhan Jiang, Guang Dong, China
| | - Wenying Luo
- Medical Laboratory Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhan Jiang, Guang Dong, China
| | - Fei Hu
- Medical Laboratory Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhan Jiang, Guang Dong, China
| | - Si Li
- General Medicine, Clinical Medicine, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, LianYun Gang, Jiang Su, China
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7
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Liu F, Greenwood AI, Xiong Y, Miceli RT, Fu R, Anderson KW, McCallum SA, Mihailescu M, Gross R, Cotten ML. Host Defense Peptide Piscidin and Yeast-Derived Glycolipid Exhibit Synergistic Antimicrobial Action through Concerted Interactions with Membranes. JACS AU 2023; 3:3345-3365. [PMID: 38155643 PMCID: PMC10751773 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Developing new antimicrobials as alternatives to conventional antibiotics has become an urgent race to eradicate drug-resistant bacteria and to save human lives. Conventionally, antimicrobial molecules are studied independently even though they can be cosecreted in vivo. In this research, we investigate two classes of naturally derived antimicrobials: sophorolipid (SL) esters as modified yeast-derived glycolipid biosurfactants that feature high biocompatibility and low production cost; piscidins, which are host defense peptides (HDPs) from fish. While HDPs such as piscidins target the membrane of pathogens, and thus result in low incidence of resistance, SLs are not well understood on a mechanistic level. Here, we demonstrate that combining SL-hexyl ester (SL-HE) with subinhibitory concentration of piscidins 1 (P1) and 3 (P3) stimulates strong antimicrobial synergy, potentiating a promising therapeutic window. Permeabilization assays and biophysical studies employing circular dichroism, NMR, mass spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction are performed to investigate the mechanism underlying this powerful synergy. We reveal four key mechanistic features underlying the synergistic action: (1) P1/3 binds to SL-HE aggregates, becoming α-helical; (2) piscidin-glycolipid assemblies synergistically accumulate on membranes; (3) SL-HE used alone or bound to P1/3 associates with phospholipid bilayers where it induces defects; (4) piscidin-glycolipid complexes disrupt the bilayer structure more dramatically and differently than either compound alone, with phase separation occurring when both agents are present. Overall, dramatic enhancement in antimicrobial activity is associated with the use of two membrane-active agents, with the glycolipid playing the roles of prefolding the peptide, coordinating the delivery of both agents to bacterial surfaces, recruiting the peptide to the pathogenic membranes, and supporting membrane disruption by the peptide. Given that SLs are ubiquitously and safely used in consumer products, the SL/peptide formulation engineered and mechanistically characterized in this study could represent fertile ground to develop novel synergistic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Alexander I. Greenwood
- Department
of Applied Science, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, United States
| | - Yawei Xiong
- Department
of Applied Science, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, United States
| | - Rebecca T. Miceli
- Department
of Chemistry, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Center
for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Riqiang Fu
- Center
of Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Kyle W. Anderson
- National
Institute of Standards and Technology, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Scott A. McCallum
- Center
for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Mihaela Mihailescu
- Institute
for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Richard Gross
- Department
of Chemistry, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Center
for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Myriam L. Cotten
- Department
of Applied Science, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, United States
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8
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Pedron CN, Torres MDT, Oliveira CS, Silva AF, Andrade GP, Wang Y, Pinhal MAS, Cerchiaro G, da Silva Junior PI, da Silva FD, Radhakrishnan R, de la Fuente-Nunez C, Oliveira Junior VX. Molecular hybridization strategy for tuning bioactive peptide function. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1067. [PMID: 37857855 PMCID: PMC10587126 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05254-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The physicochemical and structural properties of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) determine their mechanism of action and biological function. However, the development of AMPs as therapeutic drugs has been traditionally limited by their toxicity for human cells. Tuning the physicochemical properties of such molecules may abolish toxicity and yield synthetic molecules displaying optimal safety profiles and enhanced antimicrobial activity. Here, natural peptides were modified to improve their activity by the hybridization of sequences from two different active peptide sequences. Hybrid AMPs (hAMPs) were generated by combining the amphipathic faces of the highly toxic peptide VmCT1, derived from scorpion venom, with parts of four other naturally occurring peptides having high antimicrobial activity and low toxicity against human cells. This strategy led to the design of seven synthetic bioactive variants, all of which preserved their structure and presented increased antimicrobial activity (3.1-128 μmol L-1). Five of the peptides (three being hAMPs) presented high antiplasmodial at 0.8 μmol L-1, and virtually no undesired toxic effects against red blood cells. In sum, we demonstrate that peptide hybridization is an effective strategy for redirecting biological activity to generate novel bioactive molecules with desired properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cibele Nicolaski Pedron
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, 09210580, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044020, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Der Torossian Torres
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cyntia Silva Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044020, Brazil
| | - Adriana Farias Silva
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044020, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Patricia Andrade
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, 09210580, Brazil
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044020, Brazil
| | - Yiming Wang
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Giselle Cerchiaro
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, 09210580, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Dias da Silva
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, 09210580, Brazil
| | - Ravi Radhakrishnan
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Vani Xavier Oliveira Junior
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, 09210580, Brazil.
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044020, Brazil.
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9
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Torres MDT, Brooks E, Cesaro A, Sberro H, Nicolaou C, Bhatt AS, de la Fuente-Nunez C. Human gut metagenomic mining reveals an untapped source of peptide antibiotics. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.31.555711. [PMID: 37693399 PMCID: PMC10491270 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.31.555711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Drug-resistant bacteria are outpacing traditional antibiotic discovery efforts. Here, we computationally mined 444,054 families of putative small proteins from 1,773 human gut metagenomes, identifying 323 peptide antibiotics encoded in small open reading frames (smORFs). To test our computational predictions, 78 peptides were synthesized and screened for antimicrobial activity in vitro, with 59% displaying activity against either pathogens or commensals. Since these peptides were unique compared to previously reported antimicrobial peptides, we termed them smORF-encoded peptides (SEPs). SEPs killed bacteria by targeting their membrane, synergized with each other, and modulated gut commensals, indicating that they may play a role in reconfiguring microbiome communities in addition to counteracting pathogens. The lead candidates were anti-infective in both murine skin abscess and deep thigh infection models. Notably, prevotellin-2 from Prevotella copri presented activity comparable to the commonly used antibiotic polymyxin B. We report the discovery of hundreds of peptide sequences in the human gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo D. T. Torres
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States of America
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States of America
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States of America
| | - Erin Brooks
- Department of Medicine (Hematology; Blood and Marrow Transplantation), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Angela Cesaro
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States of America
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States of America
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States of America
| | - Hila Sberro
- Department of Medicine (Hematology; Blood and Marrow Transplantation), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Cosmos Nicolaou
- Department of Medicine (Hematology; Blood and Marrow Transplantation), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Ami S. Bhatt
- Department of Medicine (Hematology; Blood and Marrow Transplantation), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States of America
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States of America
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States of America
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10
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Yan J, Yin Q, Nie H, Liang J, Liu XR, Li Y, Xiao H. Prodigiosin as an antibiofilm agent against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. BIOFOULING 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37369552 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2226613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is known for forming bacterial biofilms that confer increased antimicrobial resistance. Combining antibiotics with antibiofilm agents is an alternative approach, but the antibiofilm ability of prodigiosin (PG), a potential antibiotic synergist, against antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) S. aureus remains to be understood. The antibiofilm activity of PG against 29 clinical AMR S. aureus strains was evaluated using crystal violet staining, and its synergistic effects with vancomycin (VAN) was confirmed using the checkerboard test. The viability and metabolic activity of biofilms and planktonic cells were also assessed. The results revealed that PG exhibited promising inhibitory activity against biofilm formation and synergistic activity with VAN. It effectively reduced the metabolic activity of biofilms and suppressed the production of exopolysaccharides, which might be attributed to the downregulation of biofilm-related genes such as sarA, agrA, and icaA. These findings suggest that PG could be used as a preventive coating or adjuvant against biofilms in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Qi Yin
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hao Nie
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jinyou Liang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Xiang-Ru Liu
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yingli Li
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hong Xiao
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
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11
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Ageitos L, Torres MDT, de la Fuente-Nunez C. Biologically Active Peptides from Venoms: Applications in Antibiotic Resistance, Cancer, and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315437. [PMID: 36499761 PMCID: PMC9740984 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides are potential therapeutic alternatives against global diseases, such as antimicrobial-resistant infections and cancer. Venoms are a rich source of bioactive peptides that have evolved over time to act on specific targets of the prey. Peptides are one of the main components responsible for the biological activity and toxicity of venoms. South American organisms such as scorpions, snakes, and spiders are important producers of a myriad of peptides with different biological activities. In this review, we report the main venom-derived peptide families produced from South American organisms and their corresponding activities and biological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Ageitos
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Marcelo D. T. Torres
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Correspondence:
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12
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Cheng Q, Zeng P. Hydrophobic-hydrophilic Alternation: An effective Pattern to de novo Designed Antimicrobial Peptides. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:3527-3537. [PMID: 36056849 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220902124856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The antimicrobial peptide (AMP) is a class of molecules that are active against a variety of microorganisms, from bacterial and cancer cells to fungi. Most AMPs are natural products, as part of an organism's own defense system against harmful microbes. However, the growing prevalence of drug resistance has forced researchers to design more promising engineered antimicrobial agents. Inspired by the amphiphilic detergents, the hydrophobic-hydrophilic alternation pattern was considered to be a simple but effective way to de novo design AMPs. In this model, hydrophobic amino acids (leucine, isoleucine etc.) and hydrophilic amino acids (arginine, lysine etc.) were arranged in an alternating way in the peptide sequence. The majority of this type of peptides have a clear hydrophilic-hydrophobic interface, which allows the molecules to have good solubility in both water and organic solvents. When they come into contact with hydrophobic membranes, many peptides undergo a conformational transformation, facilitating themself to insert into the cellular envelope. Moreover, positive-charged peptide amphiphiles tended to have an affinity with negatively-charged membrane interfaces and further led to envelope damage and cell death. Herein, several typical design patterns have been reviewed. Though varying in amino acid sequence, they all basically follow the rule of alternating arrangement of hydrophilic and hydrophobic residues. Based on that, researchers synthesized some lead compounds with favorable antimicrobial activities and preliminarily investigated their possible mode of action. Besides membrane disruption, these AMPs are proven to kill microbes in multiple mechanisms. These results deepened our understanding of AMPs' design and provided a theoretical basis for constructing peptide candidates with better biocompatibility and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qipeng Cheng
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China.,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Ping Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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13
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Membrane-disruptive engineered peptide amphiphiles restrain the proliferation of penicillins and cephalosporins resistant Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in instant jellyfish. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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14
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Fan M, Miao Y, Yan Y, Zhu K, Zhao X, Pan M, Ma B, Wei Q. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide Regulates the Expression and Secretion of Antibacterial Peptide S100A7 in Goat Mammary Gland Through PKG/JNK/c-Jun Signaling Pathway. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:822165. [PMID: 35498722 PMCID: PMC9039262 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.822165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During infection, the infected tissue secretes a variety of endogenous peptides to resist further invasion of pathogens. Among these endogenous peptides, the natriuretic peptides and the antimicrobial peptides attracted the most attention. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and its receptor natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) were members of the natriuretic peptide system. The antimicrobial peptide S100A7 plays an important role to resist infection of bacteria in mastitis. It is reported that the expression of S100A7 is regulated by an activator protein-1 (AP-1)-responsive promoter. As a subunit of AP-1, c-Jun is a downstream target of CNP/NPR-B signaling pathway. Therefore, it is a hypothesis that the CNP/NPR-B signaling pathway induces the expression and secretion of S100A7 in mammary glands to take part in local mammary gland innate immunity. To verify this hypothesis, goat mammary gland and isolated mammary epithelial cells (MECs) were used to explore the expression of CNP/NPR-B and their physiological roles in goat mammary gland. The results showed that goat mammary gland expressed NPR-B, but not CNP. The expression and secretion of S100A7 in goat MECs were obviously induced by CNP/NPR-B signaling pathway. After treatment with CNP, the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) level in goat MECs was significantly upregulated. Along with the upregulation of cGMP level, the phosphorylation levels of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and its target c-Jun were also increased gradually. KT5823 is a specific inhibitor for protein kinase G (PKG). KT5823 remarkably inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK and c-Jun induced by CNP. Correspondingly, KT5823 evidently inhibited the expression and secretion of S100A7 induced by CNP. On the other hand, the expression of NPR-B and S100A7 was upregulated in the mastitis goat mammary gland. But, there was no significant difference in expression of CNP between healthy and mastitis goat mammary gland tissues. The goat mastitis model was established in vitro using goat MECs treated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS treatment also could increase the expression of NPR-B and S100A7. In conclusion, goat mammary gland expressed NPR-B, indicating mammary gland was the target organ for natriuretic peptide system. Moreover, CNP, through NPR-B/JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway to regulate the expression and secretion of S100A7 in MECs, played an important role in mammary gland innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhen Fan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yuyang Miao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yutong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Kunyuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xiaoe Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Menghao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Baohua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- *Correspondence: Baohua Ma
| | - Qiang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- Qiang Wei
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15
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Wang Y, Li J, Zhou R, Zeng X, Zhao H, Chen Q, Wu P. Universal "Three-in-One" Matrix to Maximize Reactive Oxygen Species Generation from Food and Drug Administration-Approved Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Inactivation of Biofilms. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:15059-15068. [PMID: 35343225 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms, an accumulation of microorganisms, cause persistent bacterial infection and low cure rate due to the remarkable drug resistance. Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a promising treatment modality for bacterial infections, but the formation of biofilms raises new challenges for photosensitizers (PSs), particularly the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation efficiency. Herein, through targeting the Jablonski energy diagram, we proposed a universal "three-in-one" matrix of Gd3+-ADP assembly for encapsulation and fixing of PSs to inhibit non-radiative transitions and promoting intersystem crossing (ISC) by the heavy atom and paramagnetic effects of Gd3+, eventually resulted in boosted ROS generation from the existing PSs (1.5-9.0-fold). Particularly, photophysical studies indicated that the matrix resulted in simultaneous ISC promotion and triplet-state lifetime lengthening, which is essential for ROS boosting. The PDI performance of the matrix was confirmed through fast and effective elimination of bacterial biofilms in 10-30 min. Moreover, successful therapy of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm-infected all-thickness third-degree burn wound was achieved within 11 days with Ce 6@CNs (matrix) but not feasible for matrix-free PSs (Ce 6 only), which highlighted the role of "three-in-one" matrix in ROS boosting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Analytical & Testing Centre, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jiazhuo Li
- Analytical & Testing Centre, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ronghui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Analytical & Testing Centre, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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16
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Louis M, Clamens T, Tahrioui A, Desriac F, Rodrigues S, Rosay T, Harmer N, Diaz S, Barreau M, Racine P, Kipnis E, Grandjean T, Vieillard J, Bouffartigues E, Cornelis P, Chevalier S, Feuilloley MGJ, Lesouhaitier O. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Dispersion by the Human Atrial Natriuretic Peptide. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103262. [PMID: 35032112 PMCID: PMC8895129 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms cause chronic, antibiotic tolerant infections in wounds and lungs. Numerous recent studies demonstrate that bacteria can detect human communication compounds through specific sensor/receptor tools that modulate bacterial physiology. Consequently, interfering with these mechanisms offers an exciting opportunity to directly affect the infection process. It is shown that the human hormone Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (hANP) both prevents the formation of P. aeruginosa biofilms and strongly disperses established P. aeruginosa biofilms. This hANP action is dose-dependent with a strong effect at low nanomolar concentrations and takes effect in 30-120 min. Furthermore, although hANP has no antimicrobial effect, it acts as an antibiotic adjuvant. hANP enhances the antibiofilm action of antibiotics with diverse modes of action, allowing almost full biofilm eradication. The hANP effect requires the presence of the P. aeruginosa sensor AmiC and the AmiR antiterminator regulator, indicating a specific mode of action. These data establish the activation of the ami pathway as a potential mechanism for P. aeruginosa biofilm dispersion. hANP appears to be devoid of toxicity, does not enhance bacterial pathogenicity, and acts synergistically with antibiotics. These data show that hANP is a promising powerful antibiofilm weapon against established P. aeruginosa biofilms in chronic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissande Louis
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA 4312University of Rouen NormandyEvreux27000France
| | - Thomas Clamens
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA 4312University of Rouen NormandyEvreux27000France
| | - Ali Tahrioui
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA 4312University of Rouen NormandyEvreux27000France
| | - Florie Desriac
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA 4312University of Rouen NormandyEvreux27000France
- Normandie UnivUNICAENUnité De Recherche Risques Microbiens U2RMCaen14000France
| | - Sophie Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA 4312University of Rouen NormandyEvreux27000France
| | - Thibaut Rosay
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA 4312University of Rouen NormandyEvreux27000France
| | | | - Suraya Diaz
- School of BiosciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEX4 4QDUK
| | - Magalie Barreau
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA 4312University of Rouen NormandyEvreux27000France
| | - Pierre‐Jean Racine
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA 4312University of Rouen NormandyEvreux27000France
| | - Eric Kipnis
- Univ. LilleCNRSInserm, CHU LilleInstitut Pasteur de LilleU1019‐UMR9017‐CIIL‐Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, Lille, FranceUniversity LilleLilleF‐59000France
| | - Teddy Grandjean
- Univ. LilleCNRSInserm, CHU LilleInstitut Pasteur de LilleU1019‐UMR9017‐CIIL‐Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, Lille, FranceUniversity LilleLilleF‐59000France
| | - Julien Vieillard
- Normandie UnivUNIROUENINSA RouenCNRSCOBRA (UMR 6014)Evreux27000France
| | - Emeline Bouffartigues
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA 4312University of Rouen NormandyEvreux27000France
| | - Pierre Cornelis
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA 4312University of Rouen NormandyEvreux27000France
| | - Sylvie Chevalier
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA 4312University of Rouen NormandyEvreux27000France
| | - Marc G. J. Feuilloley
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA 4312University of Rouen NormandyEvreux27000France
| | - Olivier Lesouhaitier
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA 4312University of Rouen NormandyEvreux27000France
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17
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Cesaro A, Torres MDT, de la Fuente-Nunez C. Methods for the design and characterization of peptide antibiotics. Methods Enzymol 2022; 663:303-326. [PMID: 35168794 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Multi-drug resistant infections cause the death of millions of people worldwide. Today, there is an urgent need to identify innovative and sustainable alternatives to conventional antibiotics and to develop outside the box strategies to counter drug resistance. Versatile molecules such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which display multiple mechanisms of action, have been explored as templates constituting a new generation of antibiotics. Here, we review recent methodological advances for the design, structural and functional characterization of AMPs. The methodologies outlined here have been validated and well established and may be used as a guide for the discovery, design, development, and reprogramming of peptide antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Cesaro
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Marcelo Der Torossian Torres
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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18
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Castillo-Juárez I, Blancas-Luciano BE, García-Contreras R, Fernández-Presas AM. Antimicrobial peptides properties beyond growth inhibition and bacterial killing. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12667. [PMID: 35116194 PMCID: PMC8785659 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are versatile molecules with broad antimicrobial activity produced by representatives of the three domains of life. Also, there are derivatives of AMPs and artificial short peptides that can inhibit microbial growth. Beyond killing microbes, AMPs at grow sub-inhibitory concentrations also exhibit anti-virulence activity against critical pathogenic bacteria, including ESKAPE pathogens. Anti-virulence therapies are an alternative to antibiotics since they do not directly affect viability and growth, and they are considered less likely to generate resistance. Bacterial biofilms significantly increase antibiotic resistance and are linked to establishing chronic infections. Various AMPs can kill biofilm cells and eradicate infections in animal models. However, some can inhibit biofilm formation and promote dispersal at sub-growth inhibitory concentrations. These examples are discussed here, along with those of peptides that inhibit the expression of traits controlled by quorum sensing, such as the production of exoproteases, phenazines, surfactants, toxins, among others. In addition, specific targets that are determinants of virulence include secretion systems (type II, III, and VI) responsible for releasing effector proteins toxic to eukaryotic cells. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the anti-virulence properties of AMPs and the future directions of their research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Castillo-Juárez
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, Posgrado de Botánica, Colegio de Postgraduados, Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Blanca Esther Blancas-Luciano
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo García-Contreras
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana María Fernández-Presas
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico City, Mexico
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Oliveira CS, Torres MDT, Pedron CN, Andrade VB, Silva PI, Silva FD, de la Fuente-Nunez C, Oliveira VX. Synthetic Peptide Derived from Scorpion Venom Displays Minimal Toxicity and Anti-infective Activity in an Animal Model. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:2736-2745. [PMID: 34463484 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacteria represent a global health problem increasingly leading to infections that are untreatable with our existing antibiotic arsenal. Therefore, it is critical to identify novel effective antimicrobials. Venoms represent an underexplored source of potential antibiotic molecules. Here, we engineered a peptide (IsCT1-NH2) derived from the venom of the scorpion Opisthacanthus madagascariensis, whose application as an antimicrobial had been traditionally hindered by its high toxicity. Through peptide design and the knowledge obtained in preliminary studies with single and double-substituted analogs, we engineered IsCT1 derivatives with multiple amino acid substitutions to assess the impact of net charge on antimicrobial activity and toxicity. We demonstrate that increased net charge (from +3 to +6) significantly reduced toxicity toward human erythrocytes. Our lead synthetic peptide, [A]1[K]3[F]5[K]8-IsCT1-NH2 (net charge of +4), exhibited increased antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in vitro and enhanced anti-infective activity in a mouse model. Mechanism of action studies revealed that the increased antimicrobial activity of our lead molecule was due, at least in part, to its enhanced ability to permeabilize the outer membrane and depolarize the cytoplasmic membrane. In summary, we describe a simple method based on net charge tuning to turn highly toxic venom-derived peptides into viable therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyntia Silva Oliveira
- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Programa de pós-graduação em Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04044020, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Der Torossian Torres
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Cibele Nicolaski Pedron
- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Programa de pós-graduação em Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04044020, Brazil
| | - Viviane Brito Andrade
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP 09210580, Brazil
| | - Pedro Ismael Silva
- Instituto Butantan, Laboratório Especial de Toxinologia Aplicada, São Paulo, SP 05503900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Dias Silva
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP 09210580, Brazil
| | - Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Vani Xavier Oliveira
- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Programa de pós-graduação em Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04044020, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP 09210580, Brazil
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20
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Sahoo A, Swain SS, Behera A, Sahoo G, Mahapatra PK, Panda SK. Antimicrobial Peptides Derived From Insects Offer a Novel Therapeutic Option to Combat Biofilm: A Review. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:661195. [PMID: 34248873 PMCID: PMC8265172 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.661195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms form a complex layer with defined structures, that attach on biotic or abiotic surfaces, are tough to eradicate and tend to cause some resistance against most antibiotics. Several studies confirmed that biofilm-producing bacteria exhibit higher resistance compared to the planktonic form of the same species. Antibiotic resistance factors are well understood in planktonic bacteria which is not so in case of biofilm producing forms. This may be due to the lack of available drugs with known resistance mechanisms for biofilms. Existing antibiotics cannot eradicate most biofilms, especially of ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species). Insects produce complex and diverse set of chemicals for survival and defense. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), produced by most insects, generally have a broad spectrum of activity and the potential to bypass the resistance mechanisms of classical antibiotics. Besides, AMPs may well act synergistically with classical antibiotics for a double-pronged attack on infections. Thus, AMPs could be promising alternatives to overcome medically important biofilms, decrease the possibility of acquired resistance and treatment of multidrug-resistant pathogens including ESKAPE. The present review focuses on insect-derived AMPs with special reference to anti-biofilm-based strategies. It covers the AMP composition, pathways and mechanisms of action, the formation of biofilms, impact of biofilms on human diseases, current strategies as well as therapeutic options to combat biofilm with antimicrobial peptides from insects. In addition, the review also illustrates the importance of bioinformatics tools and molecular docking studies to boost the importance of select bioactive peptides those can be developed as drugs, as well as suggestions for further basic and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaka Sahoo
- Department of Skin & VD, Institute of Medical Sciences, SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Shasank Sekhar Swain
- Division of Microbiology & NCDs, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Ayusman Behera
- Department of Zoology, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Baripada, India
| | - Gunanidhi Sahoo
- Department of Zoology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | - Sujogya Kumar Panda
- Centre of Environment, Climate Change and Public Health, RUSA 2.0, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, India
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