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Gan Q, Liu H, Zhang S, Wang F, Cheng J, Wang X, Dong S, Tao Q, Chen Y, Zhu P. Robust Hydrophobic Materials by Surface Modification in Transition-Metal Diborides. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:58162-58169. [PMID: 34809421 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the hydrophobicity of robust conductors is significant for electronic devices to simultaneously be used in a wet environment and extreme conditions. However, a combination of conductivity, strong mechanical properties, and hydrophobicity in one material is hindered by the inherent features of the materials. A new kind of robust hydrophobic conductor is designed in transition-metal diborides (TMdBs: TiB2, ZrB2, and HfB2) to break through this challenge. The results calculated by density functional theory indicate that high hardness comes from high shear and bulk modulus, which is consistent with experimental results (TiB2, 25.0 GPa; ZrB2, 17.5 GPa; HfB2, 21.5 GPa). The theoretical calculated results reveal that edge sides have a lower surface energy than basal plane (001) in TMdBs. Hence, the edge sides are exposed with a needle-like morphology in TMdBs. Moreover, needle-like surfaces exhibiting hydrophobicity have water contact angles of 132.0° (TiB2), 116.8° (ZrB2), and 114.0° (HfB2). The hydrophobicity arises from a lower surface free energy of edge sides in TMdBs and a rough surface that reduces the contact area of water and a solid. This work develops a new kind of robust functional material in TMdBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hetian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shushan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China
| | - Pinwen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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Emani PS, Maddah HA, Rangoonwala A, Che S, Prajapati A, Singh MR, Gruen DM, Berry V, Behura SK. Organophilicity of Graphene Oxide for Enhanced Wettability of ZnO Nanorods. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:39772-39780. [PMID: 32805940 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Interfacing two-dimensional graphene oxide (GO) platelets with one-dimensional zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO) would create mixed-dimensional heterostructures suitable for modern optoelectronic devices. However, there remains a lack in understanding of interfacial chemistry and wettability in GO-coated ZnO nanorods heterostructures. Here, we propose a hydroxyl-based dissociation-exchange mechanism to understand interfacial interactions responsible for GO adsorption onto ZnO nanorods hydrophobic substrates. The proposed mechanism initiated from mixing GO suspensions with various organics would allow us to overcome the poor wettability (θ ∼ 140.5°) of the superhydrophobic ZnO nanorods to the drop-casted GO. The addition of different classes of organics into the relatively high pH GO suspension with a volumetric ratio of 1:3 (organic-to-GO) is believed to introduce free radicals (-OH and -COOH), which consequently result in enhancing adhesion (chemisorption) between ZnO nanorods and GO platelets. The wettability study shows as high as 75% reduction in the contact angle (θ = 35.5°) when the GO suspension is mixed with alcohols (e.g., ethanol) prior to interfacing with ZnO nanorods. The interfacial chemistry developed here brings forth a scalable tool for designing graphene-coated ZnO heterojunctions for photovoltaics, photocatalysis, biosensors, and UV detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan S Emani
- Department of Civil and Materials Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Hisham A Maddah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arjun Rangoonwala
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Songwei Che
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Aditya Prajapati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Meenesh R Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Dieter M Gruen
- Dimerond Technologies, LLC, 1324 59th Street, Downers Grove, Illinois 60516, United States
| | - Vikas Berry
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Sanjay K Behura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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Ghannam H, Chahboun A, Turmine M. Wettability of zinc oxide nanorod surfaces. RSC Adv 2019; 9:38289-38297. [PMID: 35541815 PMCID: PMC9075853 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05378f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we have studied the wettability of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) by highlighting the effect of polar and non-polar ZnO facets on contact angle (CA) results. The variation in the wettability behaviors of the synthesized surfaces is mainly related to physical and chemical surface texturing which influenced the liquid drop penetration. Indeed, three main penetration states can be deduced: total, partial, and null-penetration. Where, low CA (100.9°) with high contact angle hysteresis (CAH) (13°) is observed for total penetration of the liquid drop. While, high CA (139.6°) with low CAH (7°) is observed for null-penetration. Moreover, we have found that the chemical texturing of ZnO, especially the hydrophilicity of ZnO tips, responsible for liquid drop sticking, prevents the liquid slipping over the surface. In order to promote the liquid rolling on the ZnO surface, we reported the physical modification of the ZnO structures. Therefore, the rolling of the liquid drop on the inclined surface of ZnO is achieved by using a new structure based on double scale roughness. This surface exhibits superhydrophobic behavior with a CA of 153° and CAH of 3°.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Ghannam
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques (LISE) 4, place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
- Université Abdelmalek Essaadi, FST Tanger, Laboratoire Couches Minces et Nanomatériaux (CMN) 90000 Tanger Morocco
| | - Adil Chahboun
- Université Abdelmalek Essaadi, FST Tanger, Laboratoire Couches Minces et Nanomatériaux (CMN) 90000 Tanger Morocco
| | - Mireille Turmine
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques (LISE) 4, place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
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Construction of chitosan/ZnO nanocomposite film by in situ precipitation. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 122:82-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Lee WW, Chang S, Yang DW, Lee JM, Park HG, Park WI. Three-dimensional epitaxy of single crystalline semiconductors by polarity-selective multistage growth. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce01897a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Iqbal D, Kostka A, Bashir A, Sarfraz A, Chen Y, Wieck AD, Erbe A. Sequential growth of zinc oxide nanorod arrays at room temperature via a corrosion process: application in visible light photocatalysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:18728-34. [PMID: 25278370 DOI: 10.1021/am504299v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Many photocatalyst systems catalyze chemical reactions under ultraviolet (UV) illumination, because of its high photon energies. Activating inexpensive, widely available materials as photocatalyst using the intense visible part of the solar spectrum is more challenging. Here, nanorod arrays of the wide-band-gap semiconductor zinc oxide have been shown to act as photocatalysts for the aerobic photo-oxidation of organic dye Methyl Orange under illumination with red light, which is normally accessible only to narrow-band semiconductors. The homogeneous, 800-1000-nm-thick ZnO nanorod arrays show substantial light absorption (absorbances >1) throughout the visible spectral range. This absorption is caused by defect levels inside the band gap. Multiple scattering processes by the rods make the nanorods appear black. The dominantly crystalline ZnO nanorod structures grow in the (0001) direction, i.e., with the c-axis perpendicular to the surface of polycrystalline zinc. The room-temperature preparation route relies on controlled cathodic delamination of a weakly bound polymer coating from metallic zinc, an industrially produced and cheaply available substrate. Cathodic delamination is a sequential synthesis process, because it involves the propagation of a delamination front over the base material. Consequently, arbitrarily large sample surfaces can be nanostructured using this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danish Iqbal
- Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum , 44801 Bochum, Germany
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Florica C, Preda N, Enculescu M, Zgura I, Socol M, Enculescu I. Superhydrophobic ZnO networks with high water adhesion. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:385. [PMID: 25136286 PMCID: PMC4131485 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED ZnO structures were deposited using a simple chemical bath deposition technique onto interdigitated electrodes fabricated by a conventional photolithography method on SiO2/Si substrates. The X-ray diffraction studies show that the ZnO samples have a hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure. The scanning electron microscopy observations prove that the substrates are uniformly covered by ZnO networks formed by monodisperse rods. The ZnO rod average diameter and length were tuned by controlling reactants' concentration and reaction time. Optical spectroscopy measurements demonstrate that all the samples display bandgap values and emission bands typical for ZnO. The electrical measurements reveal percolating networks which are highly sensitive when the samples are exposed to ammonia vapors, a variation in their resistance with the exposure time being evidenced. Other important characteristics are that the ZnO rod networks exhibit superhydrophobicity, with water contact angles exceeding 150° and a high water droplet adhesion. Reproducible, easily scalable, and low-cost chemical bath deposition and photolithography techniques could provide a facile approach to fabricate such ZnO networks and devices based on them for a wide range of applications where multifunctionality, i.e., sensing and superhydrophobicity, properties are required. PACS 81.07.-b; 81.05.Dz; 68.08.Bc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Florica
- National Institute of Materials Physics, P.O. Box MG-7, Magurele, Bucharest 077125, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Preda
- National Institute of Materials Physics, P.O. Box MG-7, Magurele, Bucharest 077125, Romania
| | - Monica Enculescu
- National Institute of Materials Physics, P.O. Box MG-7, Magurele, Bucharest 077125, Romania
| | - Irina Zgura
- National Institute of Materials Physics, P.O. Box MG-7, Magurele, Bucharest 077125, Romania
| | - Marcela Socol
- National Institute of Materials Physics, P.O. Box MG-7, Magurele, Bucharest 077125, Romania
| | - Ionut Enculescu
- National Institute of Materials Physics, P.O. Box MG-7, Magurele, Bucharest 077125, Romania
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Liu Y, Chen W, Wei S, Gao W. TiO2/ZnO nanocomposite, ZnO/ZnO bi-level nanostructure and ZnO nanorod arrays: microstructure and time-affected wettability change in ambient conditions. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04904g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Wettability is an important property of surfaces and interfaces. Understanding the wetting behavior of semiconductors and its relationship with their microstructures has aroused much interest because of the great advantages this gives to various functional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangsi Liu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Weiwei Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shanghai Wei
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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Xia F, Kim SB, Cheng H, Lee JM, Song T, Huang Y, Rogers JA, Paik U, Park WI. Facile synthesis of free-standing silicon membranes with three-dimensional nanoarchitecture for anodes of lithium ion batteries. NANO LETTERS 2013; 13:3340-3346. [PMID: 23750947 DOI: 10.1021/nl401629q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We propose a facile method for synthesizing a novel Si membrane structure with good mechanical strength and three-dimensional (3D) configuration that is capable of accommodating the large volume changes associated with lithiation in lithium ion battery applications. The membrane electrodes demonstrated a reversible charge capacity as high as 2414 mAh/g after 100 cycles at current density of 0.1 C, maintaining 82.3% of the initial charge capacity. Moreover, the membrane electrodes showed superiority in function at high current density, indicating a charge capacity >1220 mAh/g even at 8 C. The high performance of the Si membrane anode is assigned to their characteristic 3D features, which is further supported by mechanical simulation that revealed the evolution of strain distribution in the membrane during lithiation reaction. This study could provide a model system for rational and precise design of the structure and dimensions of Si membrane structures for use in high-performance lithium ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University , Seoul 133-791, Korea
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