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Katagiri N, Tomimatsu K, Date K, Iritani E. Yeast Cell Cake Characterization in Alcohol Solution for Efficient Microfiltration. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11020089. [PMID: 33513956 PMCID: PMC7911461 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Microfiltration is widely used to remove microbial cells from the fermentation broth in the downstream processing of biotechnological products. Because filtration behaviors are strongly affected by the characteristics of the microbial cell cake formed on the surface of the membrane, insights into the cake structure facilitate the design and operation of filter equipment and membranes. In the alcohol fermentation process using a yeast strain, the cake characteristics are considered to be complicated because yeast cells are strongly influenced by external factors such as filtration pressure and alcohol concentration. In this study, we evaluated the membrane filtration properties, in particular the cake characteristics of a yeast suspension containing alcohol. Microfiltration experiments were performed in the dead-end filtration mode using yeast suspensions with several ethanol concentrations (0–20 wt%) under constant pressure. Flux decline behaviors caused by yeast cake were put in a similar form for 0–15 wt% ethanol concentrations. In contrast, a severe flux decline was observed for the suspension with 20 wt% ethanol concentration. It was also observed that in the membrane filtration of yeast cells with 20 wt% ethanol concentration, the cake structure became denser and the filtration resistance remarkably increased because of cellular destruction. Furthermore, the yeast cake exhibited a high compressibility in the solution containing a 20 wt% ethanol concentration. Therefore, the filtration rate of the alcoholic fermentation broth is not significantly improved by increased pressure due to the increase in the cake resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Katagiri
- Department of Environmental Technology, Meijo University, 1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-52-838-2368
| | - Keisuke Tomimatsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; (K.T.); (K.D.); (E.I.)
| | - Keiichi Date
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; (K.T.); (K.D.); (E.I.)
| | - Eiji Iritani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; (K.T.); (K.D.); (E.I.)
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Wang Y, Ling C, Chen Y, Jiang X, Chen GQ. Microbial engineering for easy downstream processing. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107365. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis A. Johnson
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6430
| | - Terry A. Ball
- Department of Ancient Scripture, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Wilford M. Hess
- Department of Botany and Range Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
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Desmond P, Morgenroth E, Derlon N. Physical structure determines compression of membrane biofilms during Gravity Driven Membrane (GDM) ultrafiltration. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 143:539-549. [PMID: 30007257 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Increasing transmembrane pressure (TMP) can compress and increase the hydraulic resistance of membrane biofilms. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate how compression of membrane biofilms occurs and how structural rearrangement can affect hydraulic resistance. Biofilms with heterogeneous and homogeneous physical structures were grown in membrane fouling simulators (MFS) in dead-end mode for 20 days with either (i) a nutrient enriched condition with a nutrient ratio of 100:30:10 (C: N: P), (ii) a phosphorus limitation (C: N: P ratio: 100:30:0), or (iii) river water (C: N: P ratio: ca. 100:10:1). The structural and hydraulic response of membrane biofilms to (a) changes in transmembrane pressures (0.06-0.1-0.5-0.1-0.06 bar) and (b) changes in permeate flux (10-15-20-15-10 L/m2/h) were investigated. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to monitor biofilm structural response, and OCT images were processed to quantify changes in the mean biofilm thickness and relative roughness. Nutrient enriched and river water biofilms had heterogeneous physical structures with greater surface roughness (Ra' > 0.2) than homogeneous P limiting biofilms (Ra' < 0.2). Compression of biofilms with rough heterogeneous structures (Ra' > 0.2) was irreversible, indicated by irreversible decrease in surface roughness, partial relaxation in mean biofilm thickness and irreversible increase in hydraulic resistance. Compression of homogeneous biofilm (Ra' < 0.2) was on the other hand reversible, indicated by full relaxation of the biofilms structure and restoration of initial hydraulic resistance. Hydraulic response (i.e., change in the specific biofilm resistance) did not correspond with the change in physical structure of heterogeneous biofilms. The presented study provides a fundamental understanding of how biofilm physical structure can affect the biofilm's response to a change in TMP, with practical relevance for the operation of GDM filtration systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Desmond
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; ETH Zürich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Eberhard Morgenroth
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; ETH Zürich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Nicolas Derlon
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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Ao L, Liu W, Zhang M, Wang X. Analysis of effect of particles on cake layer compressibility during ultrafiltration of upflow biological activated carbon effluent. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 619-620:232-238. [PMID: 29149747 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Three different hollow-fibre ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were applied to treat upflow biological activated carbon (UBAC) effluent to determine the characteristics of membrane biofouling by microorganisms and particles. At the beginning of filtration, the cake layer formed on the membrane was loose and highly compressible, and the trans-membrane pressure (TMP) rapidly increased. When compressed to a certain extent, cake layer with low compressibility was formed by the accumulated particles and resulted in slower TMP increment. Thus, the decreased compressibility of the cake layer formed on the UF membrane during filtration of UBAC effluent led to the rapid increase in TMP at the beginning and slow increment in subsequently. The results were confirmed by filtering Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and kaolinite mixed suspensions with flat-sheet UF membrane. Our findings provide a new insight into membrane biofouling control and may facilitate better membrane application in drinking water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ao
- Department of National Defence Architecture Planning & Environmental Engineering, Logistic Engineering University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Minglu Zhang
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiaomao Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Cahill G, Walsh PK, Donnelly D. Improved Control of Brewery Yeast Pitching Using Image Analysis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1094/asbcj-57-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gearoid Cahill
- Guinness Research and Development, St James's Gate, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Padraig K. Walsh
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
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Membrane filtration device for studying compression of fouling layers in membrane bioreactors. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181652. [PMID: 28749990 PMCID: PMC5531554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A filtration devise was developed to assess compressibility of fouling layers in membrane bioreactors. The system consists of a flat sheet membrane with air scouring operated at constant transmembrane pressure to assess the influence of pressure on resistance of fouling layers. By fitting a mathematical model, three model parameters were obtained; a back transport parameter describing the kinetics of fouling layer formation, a specific fouling layer resistance, and a compressibility parameter. This stands out from other on-site filterability tests as model parameters to simulate filtration performance are obtained together with a characterization of compressibility. Tests on membrane bioreactor sludge showed high reproducibility. The methodology’s ability to assess compressibility was tested by filtrations of sludges from membrane bioreactors and conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment plants from three different sites. These proved that membrane bioreactor sludge showed higher compressibility than conventional activated sludge. In addition, detailed information on the underlying mechanisms of the difference in fouling propensity were obtained, as conventional activated sludge showed slower fouling formation, lower specific resistance and lower compressibility of fouling layers, which is explained by a higher degree of flocculation.
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Anikster Y, Eilam T, Bushnell W, Kosman E. Spore dimensions of Puccinia species of cereal hosts as determined by image analysis. Mycologia 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15572536.2006.11832823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - T. Eilam
- Department of Botany and Institute for Cereal Crops Improvement, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - W.R. Bushnell
- USDA-ARS, Cereal Disease Laboratory, 1551 Lindig Street, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
| | - E. Kosman
- Institute for Cereal Crops Improvement, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Israel
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Iritani E, Katagiri N, Fujii G, Hwang KJ, Cheng TW. Dead-End Microfiltration Properties of Slurry of Bakers’ Yeast Disrupted by Bead Milling. KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUN 2016. [DOI: 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.42.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Iritani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nagoya University
| | | | - Gaku Fujii
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nagoya University
| | - Kuo-Jen Hwang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tamkang University
| | - Tung-Wen Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tamkang University
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Raspati GS, Meyn T, Leiknes T. Analysis of Membrane and Cake Layer Resistances in Coagulation: Constant Flux Dead-End Microfiltration of NOM. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2013.805225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Mine K, Ujita G, Taya M. Effects of Operational Parameters on Filtration and Recovery of Extracellular Polysaccharides from Culture Broth of Polianthes tuberosa Callus. KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUN 2013. [DOI: 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.39.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Mine
- Eco-innovation Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University
| | | | - Masahito Taya
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University
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12
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Mota M, Flickinger MC. Modeling the influence of slurry concentration on Saccharomyces cerevisiae cake porosity and resistance during microfiltration. Biotechnol Prog 2012; 28:1534-41. [PMID: 23011664 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Filtration of an isotonic suspension of baker's yeast through a 0.45-μm membrane was studied at two different pressures, 40 and 80 kPa, for yeast concentrations ranging from 0.14 to 51 kg/m(3) (dry weight). For a yeast volume fraction above 0.06 (~21.8 kg/m(3) ), the porosity of the yeast cake is less dependent on the suspension concentration. For highly diluted suspensions, the specific cake resistance approaches a minimum that depends on the filtration pressure. Correlation functions of cake porosity and specific cake resistance were obtained for the concentration range investigated showing that the Kozeny-Carman coefficient increases when the applied pressure increases. Both filtration pressure and slurry concentration can be process controlled. In the range of moderate yeast concentration, the filtrate flux may be increased by manipulating the filtration pressure and the slurry concentration, thereby improving the overall process efficiency. The complex behavior of yeast cakes at high slurry concentration can be described by a conventional model as long as part of yeast cells are assumed to form aggregates, which behave as single bigger particles. The aggregation effect may be accounted for using a binary mixture model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Mota
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centro de Eng. Biológica, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Use of fluorescent microorganisms to perform in vivo and in situ local characterization of microbial deposits. J Memb Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2010.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Kapellos GE, Alexiou TS, Payatakes AC. Theoretical modeling of fluid flow in cellular biological media: An overview. Math Biosci 2010; 225:83-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2010.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2009] [Revised: 03/10/2010] [Accepted: 03/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Christensen ML, Nielsen TB, Andersen MBO, Keiding K. Effect of water-swollen organic materials on crossflow filtration performance. J Memb Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2009.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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MCCARTHY AA, GILBOY P, WALSH PK, FOLEY G. CHARACTERISATION OF CAKE COMPRESSIBILITY IN DEAD-END MICROFILTRATION OF MICROBIAL SUSPENSIONS. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00986449908912777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. MCCARTHY
- a School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University , Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - P. GILBOY
- a School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University , Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - P. K. WALSH
- a School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University , Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - G. FOLEY
- a School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University , Dublin 9, Ireland
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17
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Chellam S, Xu W. Blocking laws analysis of dead-end constant flux microfiltration of compressible cakes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 301:248-57. [PMID: 16753173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2006.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2006] [Revised: 04/20/2006] [Accepted: 04/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
New blocking law models for dead-end constant flux microfiltration of colloids forming cakes that compressed in a linear and power law manner were derived. Constant pressure and constant flux experiments were performed using bacteria, colloidal silica, and treated natural waters to validate these new models and quantitatively verify blocking law predictions on the role of cake compressibility in microfilter fouling. Statistically invariant values of cake specific resistance and compressibility were obtained for constant flux and constant pressure operation for each feed suspension. This suggests that colloids formed cakes whose hydraulic resistance is dominated by a morphology that did not depend on their mode of deposition, confirming that the cake permeability was determined by the instantaneous pressure. Additionally, an inverse relationship between extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secreted by bacteria and hydrodynamic flux restoration procedures was obtained demonstrating the importance of linking EPS to backwashing frequency when bacteria are present in the feed water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankararaman Chellam
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 4800 Calhoun Road, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-4003, USA.
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18
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A review of factors affecting filter cake properties in dead-end microfiltration of microbial suspensions. J Memb Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2005.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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19
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Meng F, Zhang H, Yang F, Li Y, Xiao J, Zhang X. Effect of filamentous bacteria on membrane fouling in submerged membrane bioreactor. J Memb Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2005.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ohmori K, Iritani E. Ultrafiltration Behavior of Corynebacterium glutamicum Slurry with and without Bovine Serum Albumin. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2004. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.37.842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eiji Iritani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nagoya University
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Ohmori K, Hoshida K, Iritani E. Interactions between Cells, Proteins, and Salts in Microfiltration of Corynebacterium glutamicum Slurry. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2004. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.37.1497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eiji Iritani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nagoya University
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23
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Meireles M, Lavoute E, Bacchin P. Filtration of a bacterial fermentation broth: harvest conditions effects on cake hydraulic resistance. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2003; 25:309-14. [PMID: 14505175 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-002-0310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2002] [Accepted: 11/19/2002] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The hydraulic resistance of cakes formed during the ultrafiltration of Streptomyces pristinaespiralis broths has been investigated for different harvesting conditions. S. pristinaespiralis broth was harvested after the point of microorganism activity declines (0-h aged broth) and afterwards held for different durations of up to 16 h (16 aged broths). Aging behavior occurring between the end of microorganism activity and harvest was compared for different acidification procedures (pH) and the mechanisms for which the hydraulic resistance of the cake is affected by aging have been investigated. For broths harvested under conditions where the acidification is fixed at pH 2 or 3, hydraulic resistance associated with cake build-up is directly determined by the interactions between the cells. Holding broths beyond 5 h contributes to a release of a soluble component from the cell surface. Enhanced cell surface interactions then turn the cake structure into a more open one and reduce the specific hydraulic resistance. For broths harvested under conditions where the acidification is fixed at pH 4, hydraulic resistance associated with cake build-up is both determined by cell interactions and cell morphology. The cause of the increase in specific hydraulic resistance with aging is due to the binding of a soluble component released by the microorganisms, which decreases the cell surface interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Meireles
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, UMR 5503, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 cedex Toulouse, France.
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McCarthy A, Walsh P, Foley G. Characterising the packing and dead-end filter cake compressibility of the polymorphic yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus NRRLy2415. J Memb Sci 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0376-7388(01)00641-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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26
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Cahill G, Walsh PK, Donnelly D. Determination of yeast glycogen content by individual cell spectroscopy using image analysis. Biotechnol Bioeng 2000; 69:312-22. [PMID: 10861411 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0290(20000805)69:3<312::aid-bit9>3.0.co;2-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A rapid technique has been developed to determine the glycogen content of yeast on an individual cell basis using a combination of image analysis technology and staining of yeast cells with an I(2):KI solution. Changes in mean cellular glycogen content during alcoholic fermentation have been reported using this technique. The glycogen content of stored brewer's yeast is heterogeneous compared to freshly propagated yeast which have a more uniform distribution of glycogen. Analysis of the distribution of yeast glycogen during fermentation indicates that a fraction of yeast cells do not dissimilate glycogen. Therefore, conventional analysis of the mean glycogen content of yeast used to inoculate fermentations is of limited use, unless information regarding the proportion of cells which utilize glycogen is known. Analysis of the distribution of glycogen within a yeast population can serve as a useful indicator of yeast quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cahill
- Guinness Research & Development, St James's Gate, Dublin, Ireland
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Pons MN, Vivier H. Biomass quantification by image analysis. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 1999; 66:133-84. [PMID: 10592529 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-48773-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Microbiologists have always rely on microscopy to examine microorganisms. When microscopy, either optical or electron-based, is coupled to quantitative image analysis, the spectrum of potential applications is widened: counting, sizing, shape characterization, physiology assessment, analysis of visual texture, motility studies are now easily available for obtaining information on biomass. In this chapter the main tools used for cell visualization as well as the basic steps of image treatment are presented. General shape descriptors can be used to characterize the cell morphology, but special descriptors have been defined for filamentous microorganisms. Physiology assessment is often based on the use of fluorescent dyes. The quantitative analysis of visual texture is still limited in bioengineering but the characterization of the surface of microbial colonies may open new prospects, especially for cultures on solid substrates. In many occasions, the number of parameters extracted from images is so large that data-mining tools, such as Principal Components Analysis, are useful for summarizing the key pieces of information.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Pons
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Génie Chimique, CNRS-ENSIC-INPL, Nancy, France.
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