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Qiu Z, Fu K, Yu D, Luo J, Shang J, Luo S, Crittenden JC. Radix Astragali residue-derived porous amino-laced double-network hydrogel for efficient Pb(II) removal: Performance and modeling. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 438:129418. [PMID: 35780735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Valorizing solid waste for heavy metal adsorption is highly desirable to avoid global natural resources depletion. In this study, we developed a new protocol to valorize Radix Astragali residue (one of the Chinese medicine residues) into a low-cost, chemically robust, and highly permeable (ca. 90%) amino-laced porous double-network hydrogel (NH2-CNFs/PAA) for efficient Pb(II) adsorption. The NH2-CNFs/PAA showed (i) excellent Pb(II) adsorption capacity (i.e., 994.5 mg g-1, ~4.8 mmol g-1), (ii) fast adsorption kinetics (kf = 2.01 ×10-5 m s-1), (iii) broad working pH range (2.0-6.0), and (iv) excellent regeneration capability (~15 cycles). (v) excellent performance in various real water matrices on Pb(II) removal. Moreover, its high selectivity (distribution coefficient Kd ~2.4 ×106 mL g-1) toward Pb(II) was owing to the present of abundant amino groups (-NH2). Furthermore, the fix-bed column test indicated the NH2-CNFs/PAA can effectively remove 114.6 bed volumes (influent concentration ~5000 μg L-1) with an enrichment factor 10.9. The full-scale system modeling (i.e., pore surface diffusion model (PSDM)) has been applied to predict the NH2-CNFs/PAA performance on Pb(II) removal. Overall, we have provided an alternative "win-win" scenario that can resolve the Chinese medicine residues disposal issue by valorizing it into high performance gel-based adsorbents for efficient heavy metal removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kaixing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Deyou Yu
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jinming Luo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Jingge Shang
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shenglian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - John C Crittenden
- Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
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Ajith MP, Priyadarshini E, Rajamani P. Effective and selective removal of heavy metals from industrial effluents using sustainable Si-CD conjugate based column chromatography. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 314:123786. [PMID: 32673782 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation deals with the green synthesis of aqueous-stable and highly fluorescent carbon dots (CD) by hydrothermal treatment of tender leaf extract of Ficus benghalensis. The synthesized CD was characterized. Carbon dots were of an average size of 2.28 nm with a blue-green fluorescence emission at 317 nm and showed high selectivity and specificity for iron and nickel amongst the different tested heavy metals with a LOD of 0.0015 μmol/mL and 0.000014 μmol/mL respectively. Further, we functionalized silica with the prepared carbon dot to generate an adsorbent for purification of contaminated water. A short bed adsorbed column system was designed for determining the efficiency of adsorption. As envisioned approximately, 77% and 74% removal of Fe and Ni was observed when the metal salts were eluted individually. Purification efficacy was analysed using an industrial electroplating effluent, which showed adsorption of 74% and 79% for Fe and Ni respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Ajith
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Eepsita Priyadarshini
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Paulraj Rajamani
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Luo X, Zhang K, Luo J, Luo S, Crittenden J. Capturing Lithium from Wastewater Using a Fixed Bed Packed with 3-D MnO 2 Ion Cages. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:13002-13012. [PMID: 27934258 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
3-D MnO2 ion cages (CMO) were fabricated and shown to have a high capacity for lithium removal from wastewater. CMO had a maximum Li(I) adsorption capacity of 56.87 mg/g, which is 1.38 times greater than the highest reported value (41.36 mg/g). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the stability of the -Mn-O-Mn-O- skeleton played an essential role in Li adsorption. The lattice clearance had a high charge density, forming a strong electrostatic field. The Dubinin-Ashtakhov (DA) site energy distribution model based on Polanyi theory described the linear increase of Li adsorption capacity (Q0) with increasing temperature (Q0 = k3 × Em + d3 = k3 × (a × T) + d3). Furthermore, the pore diffusion model (PDM) accurately predicted the lithium breakthrough (R2 ≈ 0.99). The maximum number of bed volumes (BVs) treated was 1374, 1972, and 2493 for 200 μg/L at 20, 30, and 40 °C, respectively. Higher temperatures increased the number of BVs that may be treated, which implies that CMO will be useful in treating industrial Li(I) wastewater in regions with different climates (e.g., Northern or Southern China).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubiao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University , Nanchang, Jiangxi 330063, PR China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University , Nanchang, Jiangxi 330063, PR China
| | - Jinming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
- Brook Byer Institute for Sustainable Systems and School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Shenglian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University , Nanchang, Jiangxi 330063, PR China
| | - John Crittenden
- Brook Byer Institute for Sustainable Systems and School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Dale S, Markovski J, Hristovski KD. Modeling packed bed sorbent systems with the Pore Surface Diffusion Model: Evidence of facilitated surface diffusion of arsenate in nano-metal (hydr)oxide hybrid ion exchange media. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 563-564:965-970. [PMID: 26672387 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the possibility of employing the Pore Surface Diffusion Model (PSDM) to predict the arsenic breakthrough curve of a packed bed system operated under continuous flow conditions with realistic groundwater, and consequently minimize the need to conduct pilot scale tests. To provide the nano-metal (hydr)oxide hybrid ion exchange media's performance in realistic water matrices without engaging in taxing pilot scale testing, the multi-point equilibrium batch sorption tests under pseudo-equilibrium conditions were performed; arsenate breakthrough curve of short bed column (SBC) was predicted by the PSDM in the continuous flow experiments; SBC tests were conducted under the same conditions to validate the model. The overlapping Freundlich isotherms suggested that the water matrix and competing ions did not have any denoting effect on sorption capacity of the media when the matrix was changed from arsenic-only model water to real groundwater. As expected, the PSDM provided a relatively good prediction of the breakthrough profile for arsenic-only model water limited by intraparticle mass transports. In contrast, the groundwater breakthrough curve demonstrated significantly faster intraparticle mass transport suggesting to a surface diffusion process, which occurs in parallel to the pore diffusion. A simple selection of DS=1/2 DP appears to be sufficient when describing the facilitated surface diffusion of arsenate inside metal (hydr)oxide nano-enabled hybrid ion-exchange media in presence of sulfate, however, quantification of the factors determining the surface diffusion coefficient's magnitude under different treatment scenarios remained unexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachie Dale
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, 7171 E. Sonoran Arroyo Mall, Mesa, AZ 85212, United States
| | - Jasmina Markovski
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, 7171 E. Sonoran Arroyo Mall, Mesa, AZ 85212, United States
| | - Kiril D Hristovski
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, 7171 E. Sonoran Arroyo Mall, Mesa, AZ 85212, United States.
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Taleb K, Markovski J, Hristovski KD, Rajaković-Ognjanović VN, Onjia A, Marinković A. Aminated glycidyl methacrylates as a support media for goethite nanoparticle enabled hybrid sorbents for arsenic removal: From copolymer synthesis to full-scale system modeling. RESOURCE-EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reffit.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pastrana-Martínez LM, López-Ramón MV, Moreno-Castilla C, Joly JP, Perrard A, Morlay C. Adsorption Kinetics of Fluroxypyr Herbicide in Aqueous Solution onto Granular Activated Carbon. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2011.572573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hristovski K, Westerhoff P, Crittenden J. An approach for evaluating nanomaterials for use as packed bed adsorber media: a case study of arsenate removal by titanate nanofibers. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2008; 156:604-611. [PMID: 18242828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2007] [Revised: 12/17/2007] [Accepted: 12/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The primary goal of this paper is to propose a series of logical testing steps to determine whether a new adsorbent media is suitable for application in packed bed configurations for treating drinking water pollutants. Although the focus of the study is placed on titanate nanofibers, as a never before tested media for arsenate removal, the set of testing processes that encompasses nanomaterial characterization, equilibrium and kinetics tests, and modeling, can be used on any material to quickly determine whether these materials are suitable for water treatment applications in a packed bed configurations. Bundle-like titanate nanofibers were produced by an alkaline synthesis method with Degussa P25 TiO(2). The synthesized nanofibers have a rectangular ribbon-like shape and exhibited large surface area (126 m(2) g(-1)) and high adsorbent porosity (epsilon(P) approximately 0.51). Equilibrium batch experiments conducted in 10 mM NaHCO(3) buffered ultrapure water at three pH values (6.6, 7.6 and 8.3) with 125 microg L(-1) As(V) were fit with the Freundlich isotherm equation (q=KxC(E)(1/n)). The Freundlich adsorption intensity parameter (1/n) ranged from 0.51 to 0.66, while the capacity parameters (K) ranged from 5 to 26 microg g(-1). The pore diffusion coefficient and tortuosity were estimated to be D(P) approximately 1.04 x 10(-6) cm(2) s(-1), and tau approximately 4.4. For a packed bed adsorbent operated at a realistic loading rate of 11.6 m(3) m(-2) h(-1) with particles obtained by sieving the media through US mesh 80 x 120, the external mass transport coefficient was estimated to be k(f) approximately 8.84 x 10(-3) cm s(-1). In this study, surface diffusion was ignored because the adsorbent has high porosity. Pore surface diffusion model (PSDM) was used to predict the arsenate breakthrough curve, and a short bed adsorbent (SBA) test was conducted under the same conditions to verify validity of the estimated values. There was no titanium release in the treated effluent during the SBA test. The pore Biot number (Bi(P)>100) implied that pore intraparticle resistance controls the overall mass transport. The PSDM was used to predict arsenate breakthrough in a simulated full-scale system. The overall combined use of modeling, material characterization, equilibrium, and kinetics tests was easier, cheaper and faster than a long duration pilot tests. While the conclusion regarding the titanate nanofibers is that they are less suitable for arsenate removal from water than commercially available media, there may be other applications where this novel nanomaterial may be suitable because of unique surface chemistry and porosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiril Hristovski
- Environmental Technology Laboratory, Arizona State University Polytechnic Campus, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA.
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Hristovski KD, Westerhoff PK, Crittenden JC, Olson LW. Arsenate Removal by Iron (Hydr)Oxide Modified Granulated Activated Carbon: Modeling Arsenate Breakthrough with the Pore Surface Diffusion Model. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/01496390802221691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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OLMSTEAD KEVINP, WEBER WALTERJ. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN MICROORGANISMS AND ACTIVATED CARBON IN WATER AND WASTE TREATMENT OPERATIONS. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00986449108910954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- KEVIN P. OLMSTEAD
- a Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Program The University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI, 48109
| | - WALTER J. WEBER
- a Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Program The University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI, 48109
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Karanfil T, Dastgheib SA. Trichloroethylene adsorption by fibrous and granular activated carbons: aqueous phase, gas phase, and water vapor adsorption studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2004; 38:5834-5841. [PMID: 15573580 DOI: 10.1021/es0497936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The important adsorption components involved in the removal of trichloroethylene (TCE) by fibrous and granular activated carbons from aqueous solutions were systematically examined. Namely, adsorption of TCE itself (i.e., TCE vapor isotherms), water molecules (i.e., water vapor isotherms), and TCE in water (i.e., TCE aqueous phase isotherms) were studied, side-by-side, using 20 well-characterized surface-modified activated carbons. The results showed that TCE molecular size and geometry, activated carbon surface hydrophilicity, pore volume, and pore size distribution in micropores control adsorption of TCE at relatively dilute aqueous solutions. TCE adsorption increased as the carbon surface hydrophilicity decreased and the pore volume in micropores of less than 10 A, especially in the 5-8 A range, increased. TCE molecules appeared to access deep regions of carbon micropores due to their flat geometry. The results indicated that characteristics of both adsorbate (i.e., the molecular structure, size, and geometry) and activated carbon (surface hydrophilicity, pore volume, and pore size distribution of micropores) control adsorption of synthetic organic compounds from water and wastewaters. The important micropore size region for a target compound adsorption depends on its size and geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanju Karanfil
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Clemson University, Anderson, South Carolina 29625, USA.
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Vaca Mier M, López Callejas R, Gehr R, Jiménez Cisneros BE, Alvarez PJ. Heavy metal removal with Mexican clinoptilolite: multi-component ionic exchange. WATER RESEARCH 2001; 35:373-378. [PMID: 11228988 DOI: 10.1016/s0043-1354(00)00270-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the interactions of Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cr(VI) competing for ion-exchange sites in naturally occurring clinoptilolite. Dissolved Pb and Cd were effectively removed within 18 h in batch reactors, with higher removal efficiencies (> 95%) in the acidic pH range. The presence of Cr(VI), which can interact with these metals to form anionic complexes, significantly diminished the Pb and Cd removal efficiencies. A decrease in the efficiency of clinoptilolite to remove Pb was also observed in the high (> or = 10) pH range. This was attributed to the formation of anionic hydroxo-complexes with little affinity for cationic ion exchange sites. Pb outcompeted Cd for ion exchange sites in a flow-through column packed with clinoptilolite (contact time = 10 s). The preferential removal of Pb in column, but not in batch reactors, reflects that competitive retention can be affected by contact time because diffusion kinetics may influence the removal efficiency to a greater extent than equilibrium partitioning. Phenol, which was tested as a representative organic co-contaminant, slightly hindered heavy metal removal in batch reactors. This was attributed to the formation of organometallic complexes that cannot penetrate the zeolite exchange channels. Altogether, these results show that natural zeolites hold great potential to remove cationic heavy metal species from industrial wastewater. Nevertheless, process efficiency can be hindered by the presence of ligands that form complexes with reduced accessibility and/or affinity for ion exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vaca Mier
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo 180, D.F. 02200, Mexico.
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Stucki G, Thüer M. Increased removal capacity for 1,2-dichloroethane by biological modification of the granular activated carbon process. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1994; 42:167-72. [PMID: 7765815 DOI: 10.1007/bf00170241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The removal of 5 mg l-1 1,2-dichloroethane [(CH2Cl)2] was studied in two granular activated carbon (GAC) reactors run with hydraulic retention times of below 1 h. One reactor was operated abiotically. The other one was inoculated with microorganisms able to degrade (CH2Cl)2. While the (CH2Cl)2-adsorption capacity of the non-inoculated GAC reactor was exhausted after 20 days, it apparently did not exhaust for at least 170 experimental days in the biologically activated system because (CH2Cl)2 was removed to over 95% as a result of the microbial degradation. The biodegradation was quantified: during the passage through the biologically activated GAC reactor, (CH2Cl)2 (5 +/- 1 mg l-1) disappeared, chloride ions (3.3 +/- 0.2 mg l-1) were produced, and oxygen (4 to 6 mg l-1) was consumed. Removal of 30% of GAC at the entrance of the reactor, which visibly carried most of the biomass, and its replacement by virgin GAC at the end of the column did not change the apparent (CH2Cl)2 removal capacity of the GAC column, indicating that still enough biomass was available to degrade most of the chemical fed. After the addition of the virgin carbon, the effluent concentration fell for a short period of time from about 200 micrograms l-1 to below 100 micrograms l-1, indicating partial adsorption of the non-degraded (CH2Cl)2 at the end of the reactor by the virgin carbon. Thus, the modification of the adsorption process by inoculation and maintenance of bacteria with special degradation capabilities resulted in a lower consumption of GAC and thus led to an extended service life of the GAC columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Stucki
- Environmental Process Engineering, Ciba-Geigy AG, Switzerland
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Sorial GA, Cerminara P, Papadimas SP, Suidan MT, Speth TF. Competitive Adsorption of VOCs and BOM: the Role of Molecular Oxygen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1994.tb06170.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Carter MC, Weber WJ, Olmstead KP. Effects of Background Dissolved Organic Matter on TCE Adsorption by GAC. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1992.tb07415.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Ying WC, Dietz EA, Woehr GC. Adsorptive capacities of activated carbon for organic constituents of wastewaters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/ep.670090111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Najm IN, Snoeyink VL, Suidan MT, Lee CH, Richard Y. Effect of Particle Size and Background Natural Organics on the Adsorption Efficiency of PAC. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1990.tb06907.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kuennen RW, Van Dyke K, Crittenden JC, Hand DW. Predicting the Multicomponent Removal of Surrogate Compounds by a Fixed-Bed Adsorber. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1989.tb06893.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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