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Baranger C, Pezron I, Lins L, Deleu M, Le Goff A, Fayeulle A. A compartmentalized microsystem helps understanding the uptake of benzo[a]pyrene by fungi during soil bioremediation processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 784:147151. [PMID: 33895515 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic organic soil contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are poorly mobile in the aqueous phase and tend to sorb to the soil matrix, resulting in low bioavailability. Some filamentous fungi are efficient in degrading this kind of pollutants. However, the mechanism of mobilization of hydrophobic compounds by non-motile microorganisms such as filamentous fungi needs investigations to improve pollutant bioavailability and bioremediation efficiency. Usual homogeneous media for microbial growth in the lab are poorly suited to model the soil, which is a compartmentalized and heterogeneous habitat. A microfluidic device was designed to implement a compartmentalization of the fungal inoculum and the source of the pollutant benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) as a deposit of solid crystals in order to gain a further insight into the mechanisms involved in the access to the contaminant and its uptake in soils. Thus in this device, two chambers are connected by an array of parallel microchannels that are wide enough to allow individual hyphae to grow through them. Macro-cultures of Talaromyces helicus in direct contact with BaP have shown its uptake and intracellular storage in lipid bodies despite the low propensity of BaP to cross aqueous phases as shown by simulation. Observations of T. helicus in the microfluidic device through laser scanning confocal microscopy indicate preferential uptake of BaP at a close range and through contact with the cell wall. However faint staining of some hyphae before contact with the deposit also suggests an extracellular transport phenomenon. Macro-culture filtrates analyses have shown that T. helicus releases extracellular non-lipidic surface-active compounds able to lower the surface tension of culture filtrates to 49.4 mN/m. Thus, these results highlight the significance of active mechanisms to reach hydrophobic contaminants before their uptake by filamentous fungi in compartmentalized micro-environments and the potential to improve them through biostimulation approaches for soil mycoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Baranger
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, ESCOM, TIMR (Integrated Transformations of Renewable Matter), Centre de Recherche Royallieu - CS 60 319 - 60 203 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - Isabelle Pezron
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, ESCOM, TIMR (Integrated Transformations of Renewable Matter), Centre de Recherche Royallieu - CS 60 319 - 60 203 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - Laurence Lins
- TERRA Research Center, Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics at Interfaces, SFR Condorcet, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés, 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Magali Deleu
- TERRA Research Center, Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics at Interfaces, SFR Condorcet, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés, 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Anne Le Goff
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu - CS 60 319 - 60 203 Compiègne Cedex, France.
| | - Antoine Fayeulle
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, ESCOM, TIMR (Integrated Transformations of Renewable Matter), Centre de Recherche Royallieu - CS 60 319 - 60 203 Compiègne Cedex, France.
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Tomson M, Kumar P, Barwise Y, Perez P, Forehead H, French K, Morawska L, Watts JF. Green infrastructure for air quality improvement in street canyons. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 146:106288. [PMID: 33395936 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Street canyons are generally highly polluted urban environments due to high traffic emissions and impeded dispersion. Green infrastructure (GI) is one potential passive control system for air pollution in street canyons, yet optimum GI design is currently unclear. This review consolidates findings from previous research on GI in street canyons and assesses the suitability of different GI forms in terms of local air quality improvement. Studies on the effects of various GI options (trees, hedges, green walls, green screens and green roofs) are critically evaluated, findings are synthesised, and possible recommendations are summarised. In addition, various measurement methods used for quantifying the effectiveness of street greening for air pollution reduction are analysed. Finally, we explore the findings of studies that have compared plant species for pollution mitigation. We conclude that the influences of different GI options on air quality in street canyons depend on street canyon geometry, meteorological conditions and vegetation characteristics. Green walls, green screens and green roofs are potentially viable GI options in existing street canyons, where there is typically a lack of available planting space. Particle deposition to leaves is usually quantified by leaf washing experiments or by microscopy imaging techniques, the latter of which indicates size distribution and is more accurate. The pollutant reduction capacity of a plant species largely depends on its macromorphology in relation to the physical environment. Certain micromorphological leaf traits also positively correlate with deposition, including grooves, ridges, trichomes, stomatal density and epicuticular wax amount. The complexity of street canyon environments and the limited number of previous studies on novel forms of GI in street canyons mean that offering specific recommendations is currently unfeasible. This review highlights a need for further research, particularly on green walls and green screens, to substantiate their efficacy and investigate technical considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamatha Tomson
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom; Department of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Yendle Barwise
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Pascal Perez
- SMART Infrastructure Facility, Faculty of Engineering and Information Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522 NSW, Australia
| | - Hugh Forehead
- SMART Infrastructure Facility, Faculty of Engineering and Information Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522 NSW, Australia
| | - Kristine French
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522 NSW, Australia
| | - Lidia Morawska
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland, 4001, Australia
| | - John F Watts
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
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Dos Reis IMM, Siebert MN, Zacchi FL, Mattos JJ, Flores-Nunes F, Toledo-Silva GD, Piazza CE, Bícego MC, Taniguchi S, Melo CMRD, Bainy ACD. Differential responses in the biotransformation systems of the oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1789) elicited by pyrene and fluorene: Molecular, biochemical and histological approach - Part II. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 226:105565. [PMID: 32682195 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pyrene (PYR) and fluorene (FLU) are among the sixteen priority Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) of the United States Environmental Protection Agency and are both frequently detected in contaminated sites. Due to the importance of bivalve mollusks in biomonitoring programs and the scarce information on the biotransformation system in these organisms, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PYR and FLU at the transcriptional level and the enzymatic activities of some biotransformation systems in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, and to evaluate the histological effects in their soft tissues. Oysters C. gigas were exposed for 24 h and 96 h to PYR (0.25 and 0.5 μM) and FLU (0.6 and 1.2 μM). After exposure, transcript levels of cytochrome P450 coding genes (CYP1-like, CYP2-like, CYP2AU2, CYP356A1, CYP17α-like), glutathione S tranferase genes (omega GSTO-like and microsomal, MGST-like) and sulfotransferase gene (SULT-like), and the activity of ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and microssomal GST (MGST) were evaluated in gills. Histologic changes were also evaluated after the exposure period. PYR and FLU bioconcentrated in oyster soft tissues. The half-life time of PYR in water was lower than fluorene, which is in accordance to the higher lipophilicity and bioconcentration of the former. EROD activity was below the limit of detection in all oysters exposed for 96 h to PYR and FLU. The reproductive stage of the oysters exposed to PYR was post-spawn. Exposure to PYR caused tubular atrophy in digestive diverticula, but had no effect on transcript levels of biotransformation genes. However, the organisms exposed for 96 h to PYR 0.5 μM showed higher MGST activity, suggesting a protective role against oxidative stress in gills of oysters under higher levels of PYR in the tissues. Increased number of mucous cells in mantle were observed in oysters exposed to the higher FLU concentration, suggesting a defense mechanisms. Oysters exposed for 24 h to FLU 1.2 μM were in the ripe stage of gonadal development and showed higher transcript levels of CYP2AU2, GSTO-like and SULT-like genes, suggesting a role in the FLU biotransformation. In addition, after 96 h of exposure to FLU there was a significant increase of mucous cells in the mantle of oysters but no effect was observed on the EROD, total GST and MGST activities. These results suggest that PAH have different effects on transcript levels of biotransformation genes and enzyme activities, however these differences could also be related to the reproductive stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isis Mayna Martins Dos Reis
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Marília Nardelli Siebert
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Flávia Lucena Zacchi
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jacó Joaquim Mattos
- Aquaculture Pathology Research Center - NEPAQ, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Flores-Nunes
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Toledo-Silva
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Clei Endrigo Piazza
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Márcia Caruso Bícego
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry - LABQOM, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry - LABQOM, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Manoel Rodrigues de Melo
- Laboratory of Marine Mollusks (LMM), Department of Aquaculture, Center of Agricultural Science, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Afonso Celso Dias Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Kasian NA, Vashchenko OV, Budianska LV, Brodskii RY, Lisetski LN. Thermodynamics and kinetics of joint action of antiviral agent tilorone and DMSO on model lipid membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1861:123-129. [PMID: 30463695 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Individual and joint action of two water-soluble drugs, DMSO and tilorone, on model l-α-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) membranes were studied in equilibrium and kinetic regimes by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). For equilibrium experiments, the drugs were introduced during preparation of the model membrane. In kinetic studies, one of the drugs was added to the DPPC membrane already containing the other drug, and the effects of drug-membrane interactions were monitored in real-time regime. It was found that tilorone and DMSO had opposite effects on the membrane melting temperature, which were non-additive under joint introduction of these drugs. Analysis of kinetics of DSC profiles under drugs introduction allowed us to discriminate two processes in drug-membrane interactions with different characteristic times, i.e., drug sorption onto the membrane (minutes) and drug diffusion through stacks of lipid bilayers (hours). It was established that 0.1 mol% DMSO effectively enhanced membrane penetration for tilorone with the rate of tilorone diffusion being dependent upon the scheme of drugs administration. A model was proposed describing how sorption of a dopant onto lipid membrane could affect the membrane permeability for other dopants. Conditions were determined for enhancement of membrane permeability, as it was observed for DPPC/DMSO/tilorone system.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Kasian
- Institute for Scintillation Materials, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., Kharkiv 61001, Ukraine.
| | - O V Vashchenko
- Institute for Scintillation Materials, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., Kharkiv 61001, Ukraine
| | - L V Budianska
- Institute for Scintillation Materials, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., Kharkiv 61001, Ukraine
| | - R Ye Brodskii
- Institute for Single Crystals, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., Kharkiv 61001, Ukraine
| | - L N Lisetski
- Institute for Scintillation Materials, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., Kharkiv 61001, Ukraine
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Shishlyannikov SM, Nikonova AA, Klimenkov IV, Gorshkov AG. Accumulation of petroleum hydrocarbons in intracellular lipid bodies of the freshwater diatom Synedra acus subsp. radians. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:275-283. [PMID: 27714657 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7782-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of hydrophobic compounds by phytoplankton plays a crucial role in the biogeochemical cycle of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in aquatic environments. We studied the accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the freshwater diatom Synedra acus subsp. radians during its cultivation with crude oil hydrocarbons, using epifluorescent and laser confocal microscopy as well as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. Our results revealed that in the presence of crude oil or an extract of a crude oil/n-hexane solution (light oil), S. acus subsp. radians accumulated PAHs in its lipid bodies. During cultivation in the presence of a crude oil/n-hexane solution, the cells selectively accumulated C12-C18 alkanes, with a preference for C15 and C16 homologues. The length of n-alkane hydrocarbon chains accumulated in cells was similar to the acyl chains of fatty acids of the diatom. We therefore suggest that the insertion of n-alkanes into the membrane lipid bilayer promotes the transmembrane transport of PAH in diatoms. Our results confirm the hypothesis that diatoms play a role in the elimination of hydrophobic hydrocarbons from aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M Shishlyannikov
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia.
| | - Alyona A Nikonova
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Igor V Klimenkov
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Alexander G Gorshkov
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
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6
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Arivazhagan M, Subhasini VP, Kavitha R, Senthilkumar R. The spectroscopic (FT-IR, FT-Raman), MESP, first order hyperpolarizability, NBO analysis, HOMO and LUMO analysis of 1,5-dimethyl napthalene by density functional method. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 131:636-46. [PMID: 24915765 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The Fourier-transform infrared and FT-Raman spectra of 1,5-Dimethyl Napthalene (15DMN) was recorded in the region 4000-400cm(-1) and 3500-50cm(-1) respectively. Quantum chemical calculations of energies, geometrical structure and vibrational wavenumbers of 6M2C were carried out by density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP) method with 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The difference between the observed and scaled wavenumber values of most of the fundamentals is very small. The values of the total dipole moment (μ) and the first order hyperpolarizability (β) of the investigated compound were computed using B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) calculations. The calculated results also show that 15DMN might have microscopic non-linear optical, MESP, NBO analysis with non-zero values. A detailed interpretation of infrared and Raman spectra of 15DMN is also reported. The calculated HOMO7-LUMO energy gap shows that charge transfer occur within the molecule. The molecular electrostatic potential map shows that the negative potential sites are on the electronegative atoms as well as the positive potential sites are around the hydrogen atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arivazhagan
- Department of Physics, A.A. Government Arts College, Musiri, Tiruchirappalli 621201, TN, India.
| | - V P Subhasini
- Department of Physics, Jeppiaar Engineering College, Chennai 600109, TN, India
| | - R Kavitha
- Department of Physics, Saranathan Engineering College, Tiruchirappalli, TN, India
| | - R Senthilkumar
- Department of School Education, Government Higher Sec. School, Malvai, Tiruchirappali-621652, TN, India
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Ikeda A, Hida T, Nakano T, Hino S, Nobusawa K, Akiyama M, Sugikawa K. Stability of Lipid-membrane-incorporated Azobenzene and Pyrenes in Water. CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.140595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ikeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University
| | - Tomohiro Hida
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Toshiyuki Nakano
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Shodai Hino
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Kazuyuki Nobusawa
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Motofusa Akiyama
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University
| | - Kouta Sugikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University
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Liland NS, Simonsen AC, Duelund L, Torstensen BE, Berntssen MHG, Mouritsen OG. Polyaromatic hydrocarbons do not disturb liquid-liquid phase coexistence, but increase the fluidity of model membranes. Chem Phys Lipids 2014; 184:18-24. [PMID: 25181555 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a group of compounds, many of which are toxic, formed by incomplete combustion or thermal processing of organic material. They are highly lipophilic and thus present in some seed oils used for human consumption as well as being increasingly common in aquaculture diets due to inclusion of vegetable oils. Cytotoxic effects of PAHs have been thought to be partly due to a membrane perturbing effect of these compounds. A series of studies were here performed to examine the effects of three different PAHs (naphthalene, phenanthrene and benzo[a]pyrene) with different molecular sizes (two, three and five rings, respectively) and fat solubility (Kow 3.29, 4.53 and 6.04, respectively) on membrane models. The effects of PAHs on liquid-liquid phase coexistence in solid-supported lipid bilayers (dioleoylphosphocholine:dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine:cholesterol) were assessed using fluorescence microscopy. Benzo[a]pyrene had a slight affinity for the liquid-ordered phase, but there were no effects of adding any of the other PAHs on the number or size of the liquid domains (liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered). Benzo[a]pyrene and phenanthrene, but not naphthalene, lowered the transition temperature (Tm) and the enthalpy (ΔH) characterising the transition from the solid to the liquid-crystalline phase in DPPC vesicles. The membrane effects of the PAH molecules are likely related to size, with bigger and more fat-soluble molecules having a fluidising effect when embedded in the membrane, possibly causing some of the observed toxic effects in fish exposed to these contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina S Liland
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), P.O. Box 2029, Strandgaten 229, Bergen 5817, Norway.
| | - Adam C Simonsen
- MEMPHYS, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense-M DK-5230, Denmark.
| | - Lars Duelund
- MEMPHYS, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense-M DK-5230, Denmark.
| | - Bente E Torstensen
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), P.O. Box 2029, Strandgaten 229, Bergen 5817, Norway.
| | - Marc H G Berntssen
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), P.O. Box 2029, Strandgaten 229, Bergen 5817, Norway.
| | - Ole G Mouritsen
- MEMPHYS, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense-M DK-5230, Denmark.
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Librando V, Pappalardo M. Theoretical approach to the innovative mutation of naphthalene 1,2-dioxygenase: a molecular dynamics and docking study. J Mol Model 2014; 20:2354. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-014-2354-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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10
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Sarpietro MG, Accolla ML, Santoro N, Mansfeld FM, Pignatello R, Toth I, Castelli F. Calorimetry and Langmuir-Blodgett studies on the interaction of a lipophilic prodrug of LHRH with biomembrane models. J Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 421:122-31. [PMID: 24594040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Revised: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between an amphiphilic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) prodrug that incorporated a lipoamino acid moiety (C12-LAA) with biological membrane models that consisted of multilamellar liposomes (MLVs) and phospholipid monolayers, was studied using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Langmuir-Blodgett film techniques. The effect of the prodrug C12[Q1]LHRH on the lipid layers was compared with the results obtained with the pure precursors, LHRH and C12-LAA. Conjugation of LHRH with a LAA promoiety showed to improve the peptide interaction with biomembrane models. Basing on the calorimetric findings, the LAA moiety aided the transfer of the prodrug from an aqueous solution to the biomembrane model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Sarpietro
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Maria L Accolla
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Campus "S. Venuta", Building of BioSciences, Viale S. Venuta, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nancy Santoro
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Friederike M Mansfeld
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences (SCMB), Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Rosario Pignatello
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Istvan Toth
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences (SCMB), Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Pharmacy, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Francesco Castelli
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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In silico bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon: A frontier in environmental chemistry. J Mol Graph Model 2013; 44:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2013.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Librando V, Minniti Z, Accolla ML, Cascioc O, Castelli F, Sarpietro MG. Calorimetric evaluation of interaction and absorption of polychlorinated biphenyls by biomembrane models. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 91:791-796. [PMID: 23453602 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.01.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are organic pollutants with lipophilic properties, due to their persistence, they are present in environment at potentially dangerous concentrations for humans health. In this work we investigated the interaction and absorption of 2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl (PCB 28), 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 105) and 2,3,3',4,4',5,5'-eptachlorobiphenyl (PCB 189) with dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) multilamellar vesicles (MLV), chosen as biomembrane models, by differential scanning calorimetry technique (DSC). The obtained results indicate that the tested compounds affected the thermotropic behaviour of MLV to different degree, modifying the phase transition peak and shifting it towards lower temperature. The effect of an aqueous or lipophilic medium on the absorption process of these compounds by the biomembrane models was also investigated revealing that the process is hindered by the aqueous medium but favoured by the lipophilic medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Librando
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, Catania, Italy
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Tanaka R, Gomi R, Funasaka K, Asakawa D, Nakanishi H, Moriwaki H. Development of a novel evaluation method for air particles using surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy analysis. Analyst 2013; 138:5437-43. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an00704a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Chandran A, Varghese HT, Mary YS, Panicker CY, Manojkumar TK, Van Alsenoy C, Rajendran G. Vibrational spectroscopic and quantum chemical calculations of (E)-N-Carbamimidoyl-4-((naphthalen-1-yl-methylene)amino)benzene sulfonamide. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2012; 87:29-39. [PMID: 22153592 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2011.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of (E)-N-Carbamimidoyl-4-((naphthalen-1-yl-methylene)amino)benzene sulfonamide were recorded and analyzed. The vibrational wavenumbers were computing at various levels of theory. The data obtained from theoretical calculations are used to assign vibrational bands obtained experimentally. The results indicate that B3LYP method is able to provide satisfactory results for predicting vibrational frequencies and structural parameters. The calculated first hyperpolarizability is comparable with reported values of similar derivatives and is an attractive object for future studies of non-linear optics. The geometrical parameters of the title compound are in agreement with that of similar derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Chandran
- Department of Chemistry, TKM College of Arts and Science, Kollam, Kerala, India
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15
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Nagabalasubramanian PB, Karabacak M, Periandy S. FT-IR, FT-Raman, ab initio and DFT structural, vibrational frequency and HOMO-LUMO analysis of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid methyl ester. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2011; 82:169-180. [PMID: 21820351 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2011.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Revised: 06/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid methyl ester (abbreviated as 1-NAAME, C(10)H(7)CH(2)CO(2)CH(3)) have been recorded in the region 3600-10 cm(-1). The optimum molecular geometry, normal mode wavenumbers, infrared and Raman intensities, Raman scattering activities, corresponding vibrational assignments, Mullikan atomic charges and other thermo-dynamical parameters were investigated with the help of HF and B3LYP (DFT) method using 6-31G(d,p), 6-311G(d,p) basis sets. Reliable vibrational assignments were made on the basis of total energy distribution (TED) calculated with scaled quantum mechanical (SQM) method. From the calculations, the molecules are predicted to exist predominantly as the C1 conformer. The correlation equations between heat capacity, entropy, enthalpy changes and temperatures were fitted by quadratic formulae. Lower value in the HOMO and LUMO energy gap explains the eventual charge transfer interactions taking place within the molecule. UV-VIS spectral analyses of 1NAAME have been researched by theoretical calculations. In order to understand electronic transitions of the compound, TD-DFT calculations on electronic absorption spectra in gas phase and solvent (DMSO and chloroform) were performed. The calculated frontier orbital energies, absorption wavelengths (λ), oscillator strengths (f) and excitation energies (E) for gas phase and solvent (DMSO and chloroform) are also illustrated.
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Pignatello R, Musumeci T, Basile L, Carbone C, Puglisi G. Biomembrane models and drug-biomembrane interaction studies: Involvement in drug design and development. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2011; 3:4-14. [PMID: 21430952 PMCID: PMC3053521 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.76461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Revised: 09/18/2010] [Accepted: 12/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Contact with many different biological membranes goes along the destiny of a drug after its systemic administration. From the circulating macrophage cells to the vessel endothelium, to more complex absorption barriers, the interaction of a biomolecule with these membranes largely affects its rate and time of biodistribution in the body and at the target sites. Therefore, investigating the phenomena occurring on the cell membranes, as well as their different interaction with drugs in the physiological or pathological conditions, is important to exploit the molecular basis of many diseases and to identify new potential therapeutic strategies. Of course, the complexity of the structure and functions of biological and cell membranes, has pushed researchers toward the proposition and validation of simpler two- and three-dimensional membrane models, whose utility and drawbacks will be discussed. This review also describes the analytical methods used to look at the interactions among bioactive compounds with biological membrane models, with a particular accent on the calorimetric techniques. These studies can be considered as a powerful tool for medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical technology, in the steps of designing new drugs and optimizing the activity and safety profile of compounds already used in the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pignatello
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, viale A. Doria, 6 - 95125 Catania, Italy
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Nagabalasubramanian PB, Periandy S. FTIR and FT Raman, molecular geometry, vibrational assignments, ab initio and density functional theory calculations for 1,5-methylnaphthalene. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2010; 77:1099-1107. [PMID: 20933463 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2010.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2010] [Revised: 09/02/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The FTIR and FT Raman vibrational spectra of 1,5-methylnaphthalene (1,5-MN) have been recorded using Brunker IFS 66 V Spectrometer in the range 3600-10 cm(-1) in the solid phase. A detailed vibrational spectral analysis has been carried out and assignments of the observed fundamental bands have been proposed on the basis of peak positions and relative intensities. The Optimized molecular geometry, harmonic frequencies, electronic polarizability, atomic charges, dipole moment, rotational constants and several thermodynamic parameters in the ground state were calculated using ab initio Hartree Fock (HF) and density functional B3LYP methods (DFT) with 6-311++ G(d) basis set. With the help of different scaling factors, the observed vibrational wavenumbers in FTIR and FT Raman spectra were analyzed and assigned to different normal modes of the molecule. Most of the modes have wavenumbers in the expected range. The results of the calculations were applied to simulated infrared and Raman spectra of the title compound which showed excellent agreement with the observed spectra.
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Harris DL, Huderson AC, Niaz MS, Ford JJ, Archibong AE, Ramesh A. Comparative metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene by ovarian microsomes of various species. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2009; 24:603-609. [PMID: 19051262 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the ability of the female reproductive system to metabolize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is critical to the diagnosis and management of female infertility and for risk assessment purposes. The PAHs are a family of widespread pollutants that are released into the environment from automobile exhausts, cigarette smoke, burning of refuse, industrial emissions, and hazardous waste sites. In exposed animals, PAHs become activated to reactive metabolites that interfere with target organ function and as a consequence cause toxicity. The extent of susceptibility to PAH exposure may depend on the ability of animals to metabolize these chemicals. The present study has been undertaken to assess whether any differences exist among mammals in the metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a prototypical PAH compound. Microsomes isolated from the liver and ovaries of rats, mice, goats, sheep, pigs, and cows were incubated with 5 microM BaP. Postincubation, samples were extracted with ethyl acetate and analyzed for BaP/metabolites by reverse-phase HPLC with fluorescence detection. The rate of metabolism (pmol of metabolite/min/mg protein) was found to be more in liver than in ovary in all the species studied (P < 0.05). The differences in metabolite concentrations were statistically significant (P < 0.0001) among the various species in both organs studied. Multiple species comparison also revealed that the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.001) between rodents (rat and mouse) and higher mammals (ewe, sow, and cow). Even among the higher mammals, in a majority of the cases, the differences in metabolite concentrations were significantly different (P < 0.001) both in ovary and liver. The BaP metabolites identified were 4,5-diol; 7,8-diol; 9,10-diol; 3-hydroxy BaP; and 9-hydroxy BaP. The rodent microsomes produced considerably higher proportion of BaP 4,5-diol and 9,10-diol than did cow, sow, goat, and sheep. However, microsomes from higher mammals converted a greater proportion of BaP to 3-hydroxy and 9-hydroxy BaP, the detoxification products of BaP. Overall, our results revealed a great variation among species to metabolize BaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deacqunita L Harris
- Department of Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208, USA
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Korchowiec B, Corvis Y, Viitala T, Feidt C, Guiavarch Y, Corbier C, Rogalska E. Interfacial approach to polyaromatic hydrocarbon toxicity: phosphoglyceride and cholesterol monolayer response to phenantrene, anthracene, pyrene, chrysene, and benzo[a]pyrene. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:13518-31. [PMID: 18834169 DOI: 10.1021/jp804080h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Interactions of phenantrene, anthracene, pyrene, chrysene, and benzo[a]pyrene (polyaromatic hydrocarbons) with model phospholipid membranes were probed using the Langmuir technique. The lipid monolayers were prepared using 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine, 1,2-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, and cholesterol. Surface pressure and electrical surface potential were measured on mixed phospholipid/PAH monolayers spread on a pure water subphase. The morphology of the mixed monolayers was followed with Brewster angle microscopy. Polarization-modulation infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy spectra obtained on DPPE/benzo[a]pyrene showed that the latter interacts with the carbonyl groups of the phospholipid. On the other hand, the activity of phospholipase A2 toward DLPC used as a probe to locate benzo[a]pyrene in the monolayers indicates that the polyaromatic hydrocarbons are not accessible to the enzyme. The results obtained show that all PAHs studied affect the properties of the pure lipid, albeit in different ways. The most notable effects, namely, film fluidization and morphology changes, were observed with benzo[a]pyrene. In contrast, the complexity of mixed lipid monolayers makes the effect of PAHs difficult to detect. It can be assumed that the differences observed between PAHs in monolayers correlate with their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Korchowiec
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Romana Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
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Castelli F, Micieli D, Ottimo S, Minniti Z, Sarpietro MG, Librando V. Absorption of nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by biomembrane models: effect of the medium lipophilicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 73:1108-1114. [PMID: 18723205 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2008] [Revised: 07/04/2008] [Accepted: 07/13/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
To demonstrate the relationship between the structure of nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their effect on biomembranes, we have investigated the influence of three structurally different nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 2-nitrofluorene, 2,7-dinitrofluorene and 3-nitrofluoranthene, on the thermotropic behavior of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine multilamellar vesicles, used as biomembrane models, by means of differential scanning calorimetry. The obtained results indicate that the studied nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons affected the thermotropic behavior of multilamellar vesicles to various extents, modifying the pretransition and the main phase transition peaks and shifting them to lower temperatures. The effect of the aqueous and lipophilic medium on the absorption process of these compounds by the biomembrane models has been also investigated revealing that the process is hindered by the aqueous medium but strongly allowed by the lipophilic medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Castelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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Cristani M, D'Arrigo M, Mandalari G, Castelli F, Sarpietro MG, Micieli D, Venuti V, Bisignano G, Saija A, Trombetta D. Interaction of four monoterpenes contained in essential oils with model membranes: implications for their antibacterial activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2007; 55:6300-8. [PMID: 17602646 DOI: 10.1021/jf070094x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The present article reports the antimicrobial efficacy of four monoterpenes (thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene, and gamma-terpinene) against the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli. For a better understanding of their mechanism of action, the damage caused by these four monoterpenes on biomembranes was evaluated by monitoring the release, following exposure to the compounds under study, of the water-soluble fluorescent marker carboxyfluorescein (CF) from large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) with different lipidic composition (phosphatidylcholine, PC, phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylserine, PC/PS, 9:1; phosphatidylcholine/stearylamine, PC/SA, 9:1). Furthermore, the interaction of these terpenes with dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine multilamellar vesicles as model membranes was monitored by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique. Finally, the results were related also with the relative lipophilicity and water solubility of the compounds examined. We observed that thymol is considerably more toxic against S. aureus than the other three terpenes, while carvacrol and p-cymene are the most inhibitory against E. coli. Thymol and carvacrol, but not gamma-terpinene and p-cymene, caused a concentration-dependent CF leakage from all kinds of LUVs employed; in particular, thymol was more effective on PC and PC/SA LUVS than on PC/PS vesicles, while carvacrol challenge evoked a CF leakage from PC/PS LUVs similar to that induced from PC/SA LUVs, and lower than that measured with PC vesicles. Concerning DSC experiments, these four terpenes caused a decrease in Tm and (especially carvacrol and p-cymene) DeltaH values, very likely acting as substitutional impurities. Taken together, our findings lead us to speculate that the antimicrobial effect of thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene, and gamma-terpinene may result, partially at least, from a gross perturbation of the lipidic fraction of the plasmic membrane of the microorganism. In addition to being related to the physicochemical characteristics of the compounds (such as lipophilicity and water solubility), this effect seems to be dependent on the lipidic composition and net surface charge of the microbic membranes. Furthermore, the compounds might cross the cell membranes, thus penetrating into the interior of the cell and interacting with intracellular sites critical for antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariateresa Cristani
- Department Farmaco-Biologico, School of Pharmacy, University of Messina, Contrada Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
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22
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Librando V, Alparone A. Electronic polarizability as a predictor of biodegradation rates of dimethylnaphthalenes. an ab initio and density functional theory study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2007; 41:1646-52. [PMID: 17396655 DOI: 10.1021/es061632+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Geometries, relative stabilities, electronic excited states, atomic charges, and electronic dipole polarizabilities of dimethylnaphthalene (DMN) isomers have been calculated in gas and aqueous phases by ab initio and DFT methods. At the highest levels of calculation, alpha,alpha-DMN (2,6-DMN, 2,7-DMN, and 2,3-DMN) are the lowest energy isomers, while 1,8-DMN is the less stable by 7-8 kcal mol(-1). The averaged electronic polarizability, <alpha>, is dependent on the position of the methyl substituents, increasing in the order alpha, alpha-DMN < (a, beta-DMN < beta, beta-DMN, with the largest values being obtained for 2,6-DMN and 2,7-DMN, while the lowest value is calculated for 1,8-DMN isomer. Polarizability differences among the isomers have been related to their spectroscopic properties. The computed <a> value of DMN isomers, with the notable exception of 2,7-DMN, is in excellent linear relationship with the observed first-order biomass-normalized rate coefficient, a parameter related to the rate of biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This result suggests that electronic polarizability may be a useful tool for prediction of biodegradation trends of series of compounds, and inductive and dispersive interactions play a fundamental role in the biodegradation process of DMNs. The present approach is potentially suitable for applications on PAHs with higher molecular weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Librando
- Research Centre for Analysis, Monitoring and Minimization Methods of Environmental Risk, c/o Department of Chemistry, University of Catania, viale A. Doria 8, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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Librando V, Sarpietro MG, Minniti Z, Micieli D, Castelli F. Biomimetic approach to biomembrane models studies: medium influence on the interaction kinetics of some phenylurea derivatives herbicides. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2006; 40:2462-8. [PMID: 16646490 DOI: 10.1021/es0518373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability of herbicides to interact with cell membranes outer lipid layer and subsequently to penetrate inside cells can be a prerequisite for exhibiting a toxic activity for both the directly exposed workers and the end consumers as the herbicides are present in the soil and water. The effect exerted by fenuron, chlorotoluron, metobromuron, monolinuron, and chlorbromuron, five structurally similar phenylurea herbicides, on the thermotropic behavior of model membranes, represented by dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) vesicles, was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The examined compounds, when dispersed in liposomes during their preparation, exerted a different action on the gel-to-liquid crystal phase transition of DMPC multilamellar vesicles. The ability of phenylurea herbicides, as a finely powdered solid, to migrate through an aqueous medium and interact with biomembrane models was also studied. This transfer process was compared with these compounds intermembrane transfer from herbicide-loaded liposomes to empty ones. These processes can mimic absorption kinetics mediated by hydrophilic or lipophilic media. Different rate and entity of interaction occurred between model membranes and solid phenylurea herbicides. Different behavior was observed by considering the time-dependent studies carried out by contacting, for increasing times, equivalent amounts of empty DMPC vesicles with phenylurea herbicide-loaded ones; all compounds were able to migrate from loaded to empty DMPC vesicles. Thus, phenylurea herbicides are able to reach and penetrate biological membranes when dispersed in a lipophilic or hydrophilic medium; these processes are related to the substituents present on the compounds backbone. The obtained experimental results seem to validate the employed strategy to study the ability of bioactive compounds to both interact with biological membranes and be adsorbed inside a membrane mimicking a biological cell when dispersed in a lipophilic or hydrophilic medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Librando
- Department of Chemistry, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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Pignatello R, Intravaia VD, Puglisi G. A calorimetric evaluation of the interaction of amphiphilic prodrugs of idebenone with a biomembrane model. J Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 299:626-35. [PMID: 16545836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2006.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2005] [Revised: 02/08/2006] [Accepted: 02/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lipoamino acids (LAA) are useful promoieties to modify physicochemical properties of drugs, namely lipophilicity and amphiphilicity. The resulting membrane-like character of drug-LAA conjugates can increase the absorption profile of drugs through cell membranes and biological barriers. To show the role of amphiphilicity with respect to lipophilicity in the interaction of drugs with biomembranes, in the present study we evaluated the mode of such an interaction of lipophilic conjugates of LAA with the antioxidant drug idebenone (IDE). DSC analysis and transfer kinetic studies were carried out using dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) multilamellar liposomes (MLVs) as a model. For comparison, two esters of IDE with alkanoic acids were synthesized and included in the analysis. The experimental results indicate that based on their different structure, IDE-LAA conjugates interacted at different levels with respect to pure IDE with DMPC bilayers. In particular, a progressive penetration inside the vesicles was observed upon incubation of IDE-LAA compounds with empty liposomes. The enhanced amphiphilicity of the drug due to the LAA moieties caused more complex interactions with DMPC bilayers, compared to those registered with the native drug or IDE alkanoate esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pignatello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, viale A. Doria, 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy.
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25
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Pignatello R, Guccione S, Castelli F, Sarpietro MG, Giurato L, Lombardo M, Puglisi G, Toth I. Enhancement of drug affinity for cell membranes by conjugation with lipoamino acids II. Experimental and computational evidence using biomembrane models. Int J Pharm 2006; 310:53-63. [PMID: 16413709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2005.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2005] [Revised: 10/31/2005] [Accepted: 11/05/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Lipoamino acids (LAAs) are promoieties able to enhance the amphiphilicity of drugs, facilitating their interaction with cell membranes. Experimental and computational studies were carried out on two series of lipophilic amide conjugates between a model drug (tranylcypromine, TCP) and LAA or alkanoic acids containing a short, medium or long alkyl side chain (C-4 to C-16). The effects of these compounds were evaluated by monolayer surface tension analysis and differential scanning calorimetry using dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine monolayers and liposomes as biomembrane models. The experimental results were related to independent calculations to determine partition coefficient and blood-brain partitioning. The comparison of TCP-LAA conjugates with the related series of TCP alkanoyl amides confirmed that the ability to interact with the biomembrane models is not due to the mere increase of lipophilicity, but mainly to the amphipatic nature and the kind of LAA residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Pignatello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy.
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Computer evaluation of protein segments removal effects from naphthalene 1,2-dioxygenase enzyme on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons interaction. Biochem Eng J 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2005.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Castelli F, Puglia C, Sarpietro MG, Rizza L, Bonina F. Characterization of indomethacin-loaded lipid nanoparticles by differential scanning calorimetry. Int J Pharm 2005; 304:231-8. [PMID: 16188405 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2005.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2005] [Revised: 08/08/2005] [Accepted: 08/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are interesting nanoparticulate delivery systems produced from solid lipids. Both carrier types are submicron size particles but they can be distinguished by their inner structure. In the present paper, indomethacin (IND)-loaded SLN and NLC were prepared and the organization and distribution of the different ingredients originating each type of nanoparticle system were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique. Furthermore, mean particle size and percentage of drug encapsulation were also determined. From the results obtained, NLC lipid organization guaranteed an increased indomethacin encapsulation in comparison with SLN. DSC static and dynamic measurements performed on SLN and NLC showed that oil nanocompartments incorporated into NLC solid matrix drastically influenced drug distribution inside the nanoparticle system. Controlled release from NLC system could be explained considering both drug partition between oil nanocompartments and solid lipid and a successive partition between solid lipid and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Castelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria no. 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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Verdin A, Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui A, Newsam R, Robinson G, Durand R. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons storage by Fusarium solani in intracellular lipid vesicles. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2005; 133:283-291. [PMID: 15519459 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2004.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2004] [Accepted: 05/31/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation and elimination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were studied in the fungus Fusarium solani. When the fungus was grown on a synthetic medium containing benzo[a]pyrene, hyphae of F. solani contained numerous lipid vesicles which could be stained by the lipid-specific dyes: Sudan III and Rhodamine B. The fluorescence produced by Rhodamine B and PAH benzo[a]pyrene were at the same locations in the fungal hyphae, indicating that F. solani stored PAH in pre-existing lipid vesicles. A passive temperature-independent process is involved in the benzo[a]pyrene uptake and storage. Sodium azide, a cytochrome c oxidation inhibitor, and the two cytoskeleton inhibitors colchicine and cytochalasin did not prevent the transport and accumulation of PAH in lipid vesicles of F. solani hyphae. F. solani degraded a large range of PAHs at different rates. PAH intracellular storage in lipid vesicles was not necessarily accompanied by degradation and was common to numerous other fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Verdin
- Laboratoire de Mycologie/Phytopathologie/Environnement, Université du Littoral-Côte d'Opale, 17 avenue Blériot, BP 699, 62228 Calais Cedex, France
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Librando V, Forte S, Sarpietro MG. Structure effect on the interaction of phenylurea herbicides with model biomembrane as an environmental mobility parameter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2004; 38:503-507. [PMID: 14750726 DOI: 10.1021/es034459f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
During recent years, intensive use of herbicides has raised increasing concern mainly due to their massive pollution of the environment. As these herbicides are directly or indirectly toxic to a wide range of organisms, their potential for contaminating soil, surface water, and groundwater makes these xenobiotics of special interest from a health and environmental point of view. Knowledge of the mechanisms by which they exert their toxic effects is becoming a need. Because of the herbicides' lipophilicity, a possible site of interaction in the cell is represented by biomembranes. The interaction of four herbicides, difenoxuron, diuron, linuron, and metoxuron, with model membranes constituted of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine multilamellar vesicles was investigated by the differential scanning calorimetry technique. The aim was to study the effects exerted by an increasing amount of the examined compounds on thermotropic behavior of the model phospholipid membranes and to correlate the obtained results with structural features of the herbicides due to their environmental mobility. Among the herbicides studied, linuron is the most effective in perturbing the ordinate structure of vesicles forming phospholipids, whereas metoxuron is the least effective and the others exert an intermediate effect. Linuron exerts its effect both on the transition temperature of the gel to the liquid crystalline phase and on the enthalpy change. Difenoxuron, diuron, and metoxuron cause a change in the transition temperature but have an insignificant effect on the enthalpy change. The calorimetric results, correlated with the structural features of the herbicides, are consistent with their partition coefficient, log K(ow), suggesting that the more hydrophobic compound character causes a greater liposolubility and consequential cellular absorption with more effectiveness on the membrane order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Librando
- INCA, Unit Catania 5, c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95127 Catania, Italy.
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