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Paulo AM, Caetano NS, Marques APGC. The Potential of Bioaugmentation-Assisted Phytoremediation Derived Maize Biomass for the Production of Biomethane via Anaerobic Digestion. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3623. [PMID: 37896085 PMCID: PMC10610220 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic behaviors are causing the severe build-up of heavy metal (HM) pollutants in the environment, particularly in soils. Amongst a diversity of remediation technologies, phytoremediation is an environmentally friendly technology that, when coupling tolerant plants to selected rhizospheric microorganisms, can greatly stimulate HM decontamination of soils. Maize (Zea mays) is a plant with the reported capacity for HM exclusion from contaminated soil but also has energetic importance. In this study, Zea mays was coupled with Rhizophagus irregularis, an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), and Cupriavidus sp. strain 1C2, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), as a remediation approach to remove Cd and Zn from an industrial contaminated soil (1.2 mg Cd kg-1 and 599 mg Zn kg-1) and generate plant biomass, by contrast to the conservative development of the plant in an agricultural (with no metal pollution) soil. Biomass production and metal accumulation by Z. mays were monitored, and an increase in plant yield of ca. 9% was observed after development in the contaminated soil compared to the soil without metal contamination, while the plants removed ca. 0.77% and 0.13% of the Cd and Zn initially present in the soil. The resulting biomass (roots, stems, and cobs) was used for biogas generation in several biomethane (BMP) assays to evaluate the potential end purpose of the phytoremediation-resulting biomass. It was perceptible that the HMs existent in the industrial soil did not hinder the anaerobic biodegradation of the biomass, being registered biomethane production yields of ca. 183 and 178 mL of CH4 g-1 VS of the complete plant grown in non-contaminated and contaminated soils, respectively. The generation of biomethane from HM-polluted soils' phytoremediation-derived maize biomass represents thus a promising possibility to be a counterpart to biogas production in an increasingly challenging status of renewable energy necessities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Paulo
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Nídia S. Caetano
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- CIETI/ISEP—Centro de Inovação em Engenharia e Tecnologia Industrial/Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana P. G. C. Marques
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
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Aihemaiti A, Liang S, Cai Y, Li R, Yan F, Zhang Z. Effects of ferrous sulfate modification on the fate of phosphorous in sewage sludge biochar and its releasing mechanisms in heavy metal contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:106214-106226. [PMID: 37726629 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29867-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Modifications of sludge biochar with metal-based materials can enhance its fertilizing efficiency and improve safety. To elucidate the effects of ferrous sulfate modification on the fate of phosphorus in sludge biochar and its effect on phosphorus fractionation in soil, we investigated the changes in fractionation and bioavailability of phosphorus in modified sludge biochar and studied the changes in soil characteristics, microbial diversity and response, bioavailability, plant uptake of phosphorus, and heavy metals in contaminated soils after treatment with ferrous sulfate modified sludge biochar. The results demonstrated that ferrous sulfate modifications were conducive to the formation of moderately labile phosphorus in sludge biochar, and the concentrations increased by a factor of 2.7 compared to control. The application of ferrous sulfate-modified sludge biochar to alkaline heavy metal-contaminated soils enhanced the bioavailable, labile, and moderately labile phosphorus contents by a factor of 2.9, 3.0, and 1.6, respectively, whereas it obviously reduced the leachability and bioavailability of heavy metals in soils, exhibited great potentials in the fertilization and remediation of actual heavy metal-contaminated soils in mining areas. The biochar-induced reduction in soil pH, enhancement of organic matter, surface oxygen-containing functional groups, the abundance of Gammaproteobacteria, and its phosphonate degradation activity were primarily responsible for the solubilization of phosphorus from modified biochar in heavy metal-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikelaimu Aihemaiti
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, and Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Shuoyang Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuotai Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
- The Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
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Catalytic (Copper) Hydrothermal Liquefaction for Lignin to Produce High Quality Bio-oil and Nano Cu Carbon Hybrids Material. Chem Eng Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2023.118548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Effect of Cd on Pyrolysis Velocity and Deoxygenation Characteristics of Rice Straw: Analogized with Cd-Impregnated Representative Biomass Components. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19158953. [PMID: 35897323 PMCID: PMC9332023 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19158953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The pyrolysis characteristics of cadmium (Cd)-impregnated cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were studied to elucidate the pyrolysis velocity and deoxygenation characteristics of Cd-contaminated rice straw. The results show that Cd significantly affects the pyrolysis characteristics of a single biomass component. With a heating rate of 5 °C·min−1 and a Cd loading of 5%, the initial pyrolysis temperature of cellulose and hemicellulose decreases while that of lignin increases. The maximum pyrolysis velocity of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin is decreased by 36.6%, 12.4%, and 15.2%, respectively. Cd increases the pyrolysis activation energy of the three components and inhibits their deoxygenation. For the pyrolysis of Cd-contaminated rice straw, both the initial depolymerization temperature and the pyrolysis velocity of hemicellulose is reduced, while the pyrolysis velocity of cellulose is accordingly increased. When Cd loading amplifies to 0.1%, 1%, and 5%, the maximum pyrolysis velocity of hemicellulose is decreased by 7.2%, 10.5%, and 21.3%, while that of cellulose is increased by 8.4%, 62.1%, and 97.3%, respectively. Cd reduces the release of volatiles and gas from rice straw, such as CO2, CO, and oxygen-containing organics, which retains more oxygen and components in the solid fraction. This research suggested that Cd retards the pyrolysis velocity and deoxygenation of rice straw, being therefore beneficial to obtaining more biochar.
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Chai Y, Bai M, Chen A, Peng L, Shao J, Shang C, Peng C, Zhang J, Zhou Y. Thermochemical conversion of heavy metal contaminated biomass: Fate of the metals and their impact on products. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 822:153426. [PMID: 35090917 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid depletion of fossil energy and increasingly severe environmental pollution, the development of biomass resources for biorefineries has become a new research focus. However, heavy metals may be released during the thermochemical treatment when the biomass materials used in biomass conversion are contaminated by heavy metals. This can cause secondary environmental pollution or transference to the target products, reducing product quality. Therefore, having a systematic understanding of the fate of heavy metals in biomass conversion is necessary for alleviating potential risks. This study presents the current status of contaminated biomass and conversion products involving thermochemical processes, the migration, transformation, and impact of heavy metals in biomass conversion was investigated, and the utilization of heavy metals in contaminated biomass was briefly outlined. This review aims to link biomass conversion to the fate of heavy metals, avoid existing risks as much as possible to produce cleaner products efficiently, and promote the sustainable development of heavy metal contaminated biomass resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzheng Chai
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ma Bai
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Anwei Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Liang Peng
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jihai Shao
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Cui Shang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jiachao Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Hou X, Deng Y, Dai M, Jiang X, Li S, Fu H, Peng C. Migration and transformation of heavy metals in Chinese medicine residues during the process of traditional pyrolysis and solar pyrolysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133658. [PMID: 35051513 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chinese medicine residues (CMRs) have always been considered difficult to realize resource treatment because of the possible residual heavy metals (HMs). In this study, CMRs containing HMs (Cu, Cd and Pb) were pyrolized in the tube furnace and the solar pyrolysis equipment. The ratio of HMs entering the pyrolysis products (bio-gas, bio-oil and bio-char) and the stability of HMs in biochar were analyzed. A comparative analysis showed that the less volatile HMs were basically concentrated in the biochar after the pyrolysis treatment, indicating that pyrolysis could enrich the HMs in the biochar. The leaching experiments showed that the leaching rates of Cu, Cd and Pb from biochar were 0-0.41%, 0-3.03% and 0.09-0.86% respectively, while the leaching rates of CMR were as high as 18.85, 10.98 and 2.52%, indicating that the pyrolysis process could improve the fixation effect of HMs in biomass to a greater extent and reduce the leaching toxicity of HMs. Compared with the traditional pyrolysis method, the solar pyrolysis had the same effect on the enrichment and stabilization of heavy metals in CMRs, which means that it is possible to realize the resource treatment of CMR through a renewable green energy (solar energy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Hou
- The Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Yuying Deng
- The Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Min Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health and Land Resource, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, 526061, China.
| | - Xuexia Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health and Land Resource, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, 526061, China.
| | - Shuai Li
- The Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - He Fu
- The Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Changsheng Peng
- The Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health and Land Resource, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, 526061, China.
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7
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Hossain N, Nizamuddin S, Selvakannan P, Griffin G, Madapusi S, Shah K. The effect of KOH activation and Ag nanoparticle incorporation on rice husk-based porous materials for wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132760. [PMID: 34740697 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Major agricultural solid waste, rice husk (RH)-based mesoporous materials were prepared by potassium hydroxide (KOH) treatment of RH and RH hydrochar (RHH) produced at 180 °C with 20 min reaction time. In this study, RH was treated with three different methods: RH activation by KOH (KOH-RH), RH activation by KOH-aqueous silver (Ag)-shell nanoparticle (AgNP) incorporation followed calcination at 550 °C for 2 h (AgNP-KOH-RH) and hydrothermally carbonized RH activation by KOH (KOH-RHH). The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of KOH activation with different synthesis approaches and compare the characterization results of RH based porous material to identify the potential adsorbent application for wastewater treatment. Therefore, after activation in different methods, all interactive properties such as elemental, chemical, structural, morphological, and thermal analyses were investigated comprehensively for all samples. The crystallinity peak intensity around 22°λ at the angle of diffraction of 2θ confirmed the presence of silica, higher stability of the material, and removal of organic components during the KOH activation. AgNP-KOH-RH and KOH-RHH presented high porosity on the outer surface. The presence of negligible volatile matter in KOH-RHH by TGA demonstrated the decomposition of organic compound. Very high ratio of aromatic carbon and lignin content by FTIR and XPS analysis in both AgNP-KOH-RH and KOH-RHH showed these two samples have improved stability. Very high negative surface charge (zeta potential) in AgNP-KOH-RH (-43.9 mV) and KOH-RHH (-43.1 mV) indicated the enhanced water holding capacity. Surface area for all experimented porous materials has been enhanced after KOH activation, where KOH-RHH demonstrated the maximum surface area value, 27.87 m2/g. However, AgNP-KOH-RH presented maximum pore diameter, 18.16 nm, and pore volume, 0.12 cm3/g. Hence, it can be concluded that both KOH-RHH and AgNP-KOH-RH have the potential to be implemented as wastewater adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Hossain
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia.
| | - Sabzoi Nizamuddin
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | | | - Gregory Griffin
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Srinivasan Madapusi
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia; Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Dubai Campus, Dubai International Academic City, P.O. Box No. - 345055, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kalpit Shah
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
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Chai Y, Yang H, Bai M, Chen A, Peng L, Yan B, Zhao D, Qin P, Peng C, Wang X. Direct production of 2, 5-Furandicarboxylicacid from raw biomass by manganese dioxide catalysis cooperated with ultrasonic-assisted diluted acid pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 337:125421. [PMID: 34153866 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) has attracted much attention as the precursor of bio-polyester materials. A coupled process of ultrasonic-assisted dilute acid pretreatment and MnO2 was designed in this study to directly produce FDCA from lignocellulosic biomass, which is different from the traditional preparation process. Moreover, the critical parameters in the process were analyzed and optimized by the response surface method. The yield of FDCA could reach 52.1% under the optimal conditions. The reaction mechanism indicated that heavy metal elements in lignocellulosic biomass could play the role of the Lewis acid catalyst to promote the formation of FDCA to a certain extent. With the increase of temperature, the heavy metals transfer in biomass from the solid phase to the liquid phase increased, but most of them remain in the former. Therefore, further purification and treatment measures are worthy of attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzheng Chai
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Haochuan Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ma Bai
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Anwei Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Liang Peng
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Binghua Yan
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Danyang Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Pufeng Qin
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xueqin Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Su W, Li X, Zhang H, Xing Y, Liu P, Cai C. Migration and transformation of heavy metals in hyperaccumulators during the thermal treatment: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:47838-47855. [PMID: 34302242 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15346-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The pollution of heavy metals (HMs) in the soil has become one of the important factors affecting the national environment and human health. Phytoremediation, as a technology to deal with HM pollution in soil, has been extensively studied and applied due to its sustainability and environmental friendliness. However, hyperaccumulators polluted by HMs need to be properly treated to avoid secondary pollution to the environment. This paper reviews the migration and transformation of HMs during the incineration, pyrolysis, gasification, and hydrothermal treatment of hyperaccumulators; comprehensively evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of each technology in the treatment of HM-enriched hyperaccumulators; and analyzes the current development status and unsolved problems in detail for each technology. Generally speaking, thermal treatment technology can fix most of the HMs of exchangeable fraction in biochar, reducing its bioavailability and biotoxicity. In addition, the application direction and research focus of the target product are discussed, and it is clarified that in the future, it is necessary to further optimize the reaction conditions and explore the mechanism of HM immobilization to maximize the immobilization of HMs and improve the quality and output of the target product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Su
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongshuo Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yi Xing
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Ping Liu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Changqing Cai
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
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Li C, Ji G, Qu Y, Irfan M, Zhu K, Wang X, Li A. Influencing mechanism of zinc mineral contamination on pyrolysis kinetic and product characteristics of corn biomass. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 281:111837. [PMID: 33418387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The metal mineral has a complex influence on the thermal decomposition of biomass due to the sophisticated structure of biomass and parallel reactions. Therefore, the influencing mechanisms of metal minerals on biomass decomposition kinetic expressions needed to be thoroughly investigated. In this study, the decomposition of the three major components of biomass was considered separately. The iso-conversional method and integral master-plots method based on thermogravimetry were firstly introduced to explore the kinetic model changes after the introduction of zinc mineral. The thermogravimetric results showed that the presence of zinc mineral had discrepant influences on different biomass components, demoting the fragmentation of hemicellulose while promoting cellulose degradation. In the kinetic analysis, the presence of zinc mineral, the activation energy of three pseudo-components (91.90, 184.64 and 210.91 kJ mol-1) increased to 178.84, 299.05, and 359.45 kJ mol-1, respectively. The kinetic models were altered from 2.0-order reaction (F2.0) for hemicellulose, random nucleation (A1.8) for cellulose, and 2.3-order reaction (F2.3) for lignin to F2.8, F3.0, and F3.2, respectively. This indicated that the zinc mineral was beneficial to the occurrence of multimolecular repolymerization of the primary degradation products. In products analysis, the increment of biochar yields and the C4-C5 products of cellulose (especially furfural) in metal-polluted biomass pyrolysis were detected, which confirmed the simulated reaction mechanisms. The obtained results are expected to provide a mechanism reference to practical applications of metal-contaminated biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjing Li
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Guozhao Ji
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Yi Qu
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, PR China; International Faculty of Applied Technology, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Kongyun Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Xuexue Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Aimin Li
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, PR China.
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Gu W, Guo J, Bai J, Dong B, Ma E, Chen J, Wang J. Co-pyrolysis of monobasic potassium phosphate and plastic processing sludge: Characteristics and environmental risks of potentially toxic elements. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111434. [PMID: 33045436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A high concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) can be frequently observed in the plastic processing sludge (PPS), thereby restricting its environmental applications. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the co-pyrolysis of PPS and KH2PO4 (0, 5, 10 and 20 wt%) on the characteristics and environmental risks associated with the PTEs in PPS and derived chars. General characteristic analysis revealed that the char yield, ash content, pH, and particle size of the chars prepared with KH2PO4 were greater than those of the char prepared without KH2PO4 by 3.13-4.89 wt%, 2.95-4.4 wt%, 0.77-0.93, and 9.64-30.07 µm, respectively. The results of sequential extraction indicated that co-pyrolysis with KH2PO4 could considerably increase the distribution of PTEs in the F4 fraction (non-bioavailable) in PPS by 1.30-65.90% when compared with that obtained via co-pyrolysis with 5 wt% of KH2PO4. The toxic leaching tests indicated that the leaching concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in the char prepared without KH2PO4 decreased to different extents when PPS was subjected to co-pyrolysis with KH2PO4, especially in case of co-pyrolysis with 5 wt% of KH2PO4. The range of decrease was 26.40-88.34%. However, in case of Cu, Zn, and Pb, the leaching concentration of the chars prepared with more than 10 wt% of KH2PO4 increased owing to the decomposition of (Cu Zn)PbVO4(OH) in an acidic environment. The results obtained using Hakanson's equations revealed that the potential ecological risk associated with the PTEs in chars obtained by co-pyrolysis with KH2PO4 decreased, with a minimum decrease of 38.17%. In addition, the risk level associated with PPS reduced from considerable to low after co-pyrolysis with KH2PO4. The observations of this study imply that the co-pyrolysis of PPS with KH2PO4 can be a promising treatment for PTE immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Gu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; WEEE Research Centre of Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Jiangshan Guo
- WEEE Research Centre of Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Jianfeng Bai
- WEEE Research Centre of Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China.
| | - Bin Dong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - En Ma
- WEEE Research Centre of Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Jianmeng Chen
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jingwei Wang
- WEEE Research Centre of Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
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Leng L, Yang L, Chen J, Leng S, Li H, Li H, Yuan X, Zhou W, Huang H. A review on pyrolysis of protein-rich biomass: Nitrogen transformation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 315:123801. [PMID: 32673983 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolysis of protein-rich biomass, such as microalgae, macroalgae, sewage sludge, energy crops, and some lignocellulosic biomass, produces bio-oil with high nitrogen (N) content, sometimes as high as 10 wt% or even higher. Major nitrogenous compounds in bio-oil include amines/amides, N-containing heterocycles, and nitriles. Such bio-oil cannot be used as fuel directly since the high N content will induce massive emission of nitrogen oxides during combustion. The present review comprehensively summarized the effects of biomass compositions (i.e., elemental, biochemical, and mineral compositions) and pyrolysis parameters (i.e., temperature, heating rate, atmosphere, bio-oil collection/fractionation methods, and catalysts) on the contents of N and the N-containing chemical components in bio-oil. The migration and transformation mechanisms of N during the pyrolysis of biomass were then discussed in detail. Finally, the research gaps were identified, followed by the proposals for future investigations to achieve the denitrogenation of bio-oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijian Leng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Lihong Yang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Jiefeng Chen
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Songqi Leng
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Hailong Li
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of the Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xingzhong Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Wenguang Zhou
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Huajun Huang
- School of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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13
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He J, Strezov V, Zhou X, Kumar R, Kan T. Pyrolysis of heavy metal contaminated biomass pre-treated with ferric salts: Product characterisation and heavy metal deportment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 313:123641. [PMID: 32535522 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The metal(loid)-enriched Avicennia marina biomass obtained from phytoremediation was impregnated with two ferric salts (FeCl3 and Fe(NO3)3) prior to pyrolysis at 300-700 °C, aiming to study the influence on pyrolytic product properties and heavy metal(loid) deportment. Results showed that the impregnated ferric salts increased the fixed carbon content of biochars, hydrocarbon fractions in bio-oils, and the evolution of CO and H2 in gases. Cd in biomass could be effectively removed from the biomass by FeCl3 impregnation. During pyrolysis, the ferric salts enhanced the elemental recovery of As, Cr, Ni and Pb in the biochars and decreased their distribution in gases. Notably, the ferric salt pre-treatment inhibited the mobility and bio-availability of most elements in the biochars. This study indicated that ferric salt impregnation catalysed the pyrolysis process of metal(loid) contaminated biomass, enabled the operation temperature at 500-700 °C with minimal environmental risks, providing a safe and value-added way to the phytoremediation-pyrolysis scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Vladimir Strezov
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Xiaoteng Zhou
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Tao Kan
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
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14
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Zhang J, Qian Y, Chen Z, Amee M, Niu H, Du D, Yao J, Chen K, Chen L, Sun J. Lead-induced oxidative stress triggers root cell wall remodeling and increases lead absorption through esterification of cell wall polysaccharide. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 385:121524. [PMID: 31699479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb) shows remarkable tolerance to lead (Pb), but the mechanisms involved in metal tolerance are not yet well understood. Here, tall fescue were firstly cultivated hydroponically with Pb2+ (0, 50, 200 and 1000 mg/L) for 14 days. The results showed that remodeling of root architecture plays important roles in tolerance of tall fescue to Pb2+ stress. Increased cell wall (CW) components contribute to restrict high amount of Pb2+ in roots. Additionally, the uronic acid contents of pectin, hemicellulose 1 (HC1) and hemicellulose 2 (HC2) increased under Pb2+ stress. We further observed that tall fescue cultivated with H2O2 showed similar remodeling of root architecture as Pb2+ treatment. Furthermore, pectin, HC1 and HC2 fractions were sequentially extracted from 0 and 10 mM H2O2 treated roots, and Pb2+ adsorption capacity and contents of carboxyl groups of pectin and HC2 fractions were steadily increased under H2O2 treatment in vitro. Our results suggest that degrees of esterification of pectin and HC2 are regulated by H2O2. High amount of low-esterified pectin and HC2 offer more carboxyl groups, provide more Pb2+ binding sites, and restrict more Pb2+ in the CW, which may enhance tolerance of tall fescue to Pb2+ stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yiguang Qian
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Remediation, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Zhongbing Chen
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Maurice Amee
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Hong Niu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Dongyun Du
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jun Yao
- School of Water Resources & Environment, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ke Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Jie Sun
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, PR China.
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15
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Guo F, Jia X, Liang S, Zhou N, Chen P, Ruan R. Development of biochar-based nanocatalysts for tar cracking/reforming during biomass pyrolysis and gasification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 298:122263. [PMID: 31685358 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Gasification and pyrolysis have been considered as potential routes for the production of fuel gas from abundant, low-cost and renewable biomass materials. Tar is the undesirable but inevitable byproduct during these processes, which not only lowers the overall energy conversion efficiency but also leads to potential contamination and clogging problems. Catalytic reforming has been seen as one of the most promising methods for tar elimination, and biochar-based nanocatalysts (BBNs) show promise as an efficient tar reforming catalyst. Extensive research efforts have been devoted to the development of BBNs to reduce biomass tar below tolerable limits. This current study reviews the recent progress in the preparation and application of BBNs for converting tar into fuel gas during biomass gasification or pyrolysis. The formation and chemical characteristics of the BBNs are introduced for a better understanding of the catalytic mechanism; prospects for success, as well as challenges, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiqiang Guo
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Energy Storage Technology and Equipment, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; School of Electrical and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; Center for Biorefining, Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering Department, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Xiaopeng Jia
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Energy Storage Technology and Equipment, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; School of Electrical and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Energy Storage Technology and Equipment, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; School of Electrical and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Center for Biorefining, Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering Department, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Paul Chen
- Center for Biorefining, Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering Department, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Roger Ruan
- Center for Biorefining, Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering Department, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
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16
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Wang H, Li G, Zhang S, Li Y, Zhao Y, Duan L, Zhang Y. Preparation of Cu-Loaded Biomass-Derived Activated Carbon Catalysts for Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of Phenol. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b05750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Bayanur Electric Power Bureau Maintenance and Test Management Office, Inner Mongolia Electric Power (Group)Co., Ltd., Bureau 015000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yongle Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Liyuan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Yongfa Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
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17
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Muthusaravanan S, Sivarajasekar N, Vivek JS, Vasudha Priyadharshini S, Paramasivan T, Dhakal N, Naushad M. Research Updates on Heavy Metal Phytoremediation: Enhancements, Efficient Post-harvesting Strategies and Economic Opportunities. GREEN MATERIALS FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-17724-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Gao B, Zhang X, Tian C, Zhang X, Liu J. Effects of amendments and aided phytostabilization of an energy crop on the metal availability and leaching in mine tailings using a pot test. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:2745-2759. [PMID: 31836984 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07171-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A complete orthogonal experiment using a pot test is conducted to investigate the effects of four amendments (biochar, peat, manure, and non-contaminated soil (NCS)) on the metal availability, mobility, and phytostabilization potential of an energy crop, king grass (Pennisetum purpureum × P. thyphoideum), in Pb/Zn mine tailings. The addition of amendments significantly increased the pH and fertility of the tailings, while significantly decreasing the heavy metal available contents in the tailings. The available Cd, Pb, Zn, and As concentrations in the tailings in the treatment amended with biochar+NCS+peat+manure were 51.00%, 36.62%, 50.57%, and 75.88%, respectively, lower than those in the treatment control. The king grass survived in the tailings without amendments, while amendments made the plant grow well or better in the tailings than in NCS. The addition of amendments significantly reduced the content of heavy metals and bioaccumulation factor (BCF) in the plant root but increased the translocation factor (TF) of Cd, Zn, and As and had little effect on the TF of Pb. The TF for heavy metals in plant were lower than one for all of the treatments. During a leaching period of 30 days, the pH of the leachate declined slowly and then maintained at 6.0~6.6. The addition of the amendments significantly reduced the metal concentrations of the leachates, and the highest declines were 50.46%, 20.04%, 41.58%, and 47.04% for Cd, Pb, Zn, and As, respectively. Biochar had a higher immobilization capacity for Cd, Pb, Zn, and As than manure, peat, and NCS. King grass could be used to aid phytostabilization for Cd- and Pb-polluted tailings, and biochar-rich amendments were effective for the in situ immobilization of metals. Further field monitoring is necessary to demonstrate the effectiveness of king grass and amendments under the climatic conditions of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Gao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
- Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xingfeng Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
| | - Chao Tian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
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19
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Huang R, Huo G, Song S, Li Y, Xia L, Gaillard JF. Immobilization of mercury using high-phosphate culture-modified microalgae. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 254:112966. [PMID: 31377332 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.112966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study developed a novel Hg(II) immobilization strategy by firstly incubating algal cells in high-phosphate cultures for surface modification, followed by obtaining the P-rich biomass as adsorbents for enhanced Hg(II) removal and then charring the Hg-loaded biomass to prevent leaching of phosphate and to immobilize Hg(II). For algal surface modification, Scenedesmus obtusus XJ-15 were cultivated under different P concentrations and obtained the highest sites concentration of surface phosphoryl functional groups in 80 mg L-1 P cultures. For Hg(II) adsorption, biomass from 80 mg L-1 P cultures (B-80) achieved the highest saturated sorption capacity of 95 mg g-1 fitting to Langmuir isotherm model under the optimum pH of 5.0. For charring stabilization, the Hg-loaded B-80 was calcinated under different temperatures, and the product obtained from 300 °C charring showed the lowest Hg(II) leaching rate without P release. Moreover, FT-IR and XPS analysis indicate that the surge of surface phosphoryl functional groups dominated the enhancement of Hg(II) sorption and also Hg(II) charring immobilization. The above results suggested that the developed strategy is promising for both phosphate and mercury removal from water and for co-immobilization of P and Hg(II) to prevent leaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Guangcheng Huo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Shaoxian Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yinta Li
- Doctorado Institucional de Ingeniería y Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Av. Sierra Leona 530, San Luis Potosi, C.P. 78210, Mexico; Department of Food Engineering, Weihai Ocean Vocational College, Haiwan South Road 1000, Weihai, Shandong, 264300, China
| | - Ling Xia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Jean-Francois Gaillard
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3109, USA
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20
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Comprehensive potential evaluation of the bio-oil production and nutrient recycling from seven algae through hydrothermal liquefaction. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-019-0345-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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21
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Kumar A, Mylapilli SVP, Reddy SN. Thermogravimetric and kinetic studies of metal (Ru/Fe) impregnated banana pseudo-stem (Musa acuminate). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 285:121318. [PMID: 30981011 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolysis/gasification have proved to be promising conversion techniques to convert biomass into fuels. The current research work focuses on impregnation of Ru and Fe into banana pseudo-stem to study kinetics, pyrolytic behaviour and their impact during pyrolysis through thermogravimetric analyser (TGA). Samples weight loss were analyzed by TGA at four different heating rates (5-20 °C min-1) over the temperature range of 30-900 °C. Isoconversional models such as Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sinose (KAS), and Kissinger's methods were employed to calculate the activation energy and pre-exponential factor for Ru-impregnated (FWO: Eα = 73.32 kJ mol-1, KAS: Eα = 68.23 kJ mol-1 and Kissinger's: Eα = 165.94 kJ mol-1) Fe-impregnated biomass (FWO: Eα = 86.78 kJ mol-1, KAS: Eα = 82.34 kJ mol-1 and Kissinger's: Eα = 192.37 kJ mol-1) and compared with raw biomass (FWO: Eα = 116.22 kJ mol-1, KAS: Eα = 113.39 kJ mol-1 and Kissinger's: Eα = 194.86 kJ mol-1). Lower activation energy and reduced weight loss were observed for metal impregnated biomass over the raw biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - S V Prasad Mylapilli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sivamohan N Reddy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.
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22
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Zhu X, Qian F, Zhou C, Li L, Shi Q, Zhang S, Chen J. Inherent Metals of a Phytoremediation Plant Influence Its Recyclability by Hydrothermal Liquefaction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:6580-6586. [PMID: 31074976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plants used for phytoremediation of contaminated soil are often enriched in certain metals present in the soil. However, the role of the inherent metal content of the plants on their recycling by hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) has not been considered in previous studies. The present study showed that Rhus chinensis plants grown in highly Pb-polluted soil can release inherent metals (such as Pb, K, Ca, Na, and Mg) into the HTL solution, further enhancing the production of formic and acetic acids and decreasing the yield of levulinic acid. Theoretical calculations using HTL reactions of model compounds showed that a low Pb content could enhance production of levulinic and formic acids via catalysis of the rehydration reaction for 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural, while a high Pb content promoted the decomposition of levulinic acid to acetic acid. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry analysis confirmed that Pb2+ preferentially promoted the depolymerization of macromolecular compounds with the lignin structure. In general, the inherent metals occurring in the phytoremediation plant influenced the production of organic acids during HTL recycling. Undoubtedly, the combination of phytoextraction and HTL reaction can present a practical pathway toward a sustainable soil remediation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security , Shanghai 200092 , People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chuifan Zhou
- College of Forestry , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing , China University of Petroleum , Beijing 102249 , People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing , China University of Petroleum , Beijing 102249 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security , Shanghai 200092 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , People's Republic of China
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23
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Du J, Zhang L, Ali A, Li R, Xiao R, Guo D, Liu X, Zhang Z, Ren C, Zhang Z. Research on thermal disposal of phytoremediation plant waste: Stability of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) and oxidation resistance of biochars. PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 2019; 125:260-268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2019.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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24
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He J, Strezov V, Kan T, Weldekidan H, Asumadu-Sarkodie S, Kumar R. Effect of temperature on heavy metal(loid) deportment during pyrolysis of Avicennia marina biomass obtained from phytoremediation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 278:214-222. [PMID: 30703639 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Slow pyrolysis of heavy-metal(loid)-contaminated Avicennia marina biomass obtained from phytoremediation was conducted to investigate the deportment of 12 heavy metal(loid)s in pyrolysis products (biochar, bio-oil, gas) at temperatures from 300 to 800 °C. The results indicated that different heavy metal(loid)s showed diverse volatilities, while all elements tended to transform into volatile products with the increase of pyrolysis temperature. Cd was found highly volatile, while Fe and Cu were non-volatile elements. The leaching analysis of biochars showed that pyrolysis was effective in reducing the mobility and bioavailability of the heavy metal(loid)s in biochars. Moreover, the risk assessment of biochars showed that the biochars derived from polluted biomass can be used as a potential soil amendment. Considering the energy consumption and risk of contaminant emission, pyrolysis temperatures of 400 to 500 °C were considered to be the optimum option for pyrolysis of this biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Vladimir Strezov
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Tao Kan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Haftom Weldekidan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Samuel Asumadu-Sarkodie
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
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Li R, Huang H, Wang JJ, Liang W, Gao P, Zhang Z, Xiao R, Zhou B, Zhang X. Conversion of Cu(II)-polluted biomass into an environmentally benign Cu nanoparticles-embedded biochar composite and its potential use on cyanobacteria inhibition. JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2019; 216:25-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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Ai J, Zhang W, Liao G, Chen F, Wang D. A novel waste activated sludge multistage utilization strategy for preparing carbon-based Fenton-like catalysts: Catalytic performance assessment and micro-interfacial mechanisms. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 150:473-487. [PMID: 30572278 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.11.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Waste activated sludge (WAS) contains many anionic functional groups which can interact with heavy metal ions through electrostatic action and complexation reactions. The transition metals adsorbed in WAS can catalyze sludge pyrolysis in anaerobic conditions and improve structural properties of organic matter. In this work, a multistage WAS utilization process for preparing the carbon-based Fenton-like catalysis materials is proposed. More specifically, WAS is firstly used as an adsorbent for heavy metals (Cu and Ni) removal, and then complexes are converted into heterogeneous Fenton-like carbon-based catalysts through oxygen-free pyrolysis. The mechanisms of interactions between extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and metals are investigated, and the physicochemical properties of sludge-based carbons (SBC) are comprehensively characterized using varies techniques. It is found that WAS is an excellent adsorbent for Cu and Ni removal, which is mainly due to the coordination and electrostatic interactions between EPS and heavy metals. Cu and Ni adsorbed in WAS significantly improved the porous structure of SBC. Both adsorption and catalytic oxidization of Cu/Ni-SBC contribute the removal of E2 in real wastewater. The E2 removal mechanism is explored by electron-spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) analysis, and it is found that both of .O2- and .OH radicals are responsible for E2 degradation in Cu(II)-SBC-H2O2, while .O2- radicals contributes to E2 degradation in Ni(II)-SBC-H2O2 system, so the former performed better than the latter in total removal of E2. Besides, Cu(II) and Cu(I) are both formed in Cu(II)-SBC during the oxidation process, while only Ni(II) is found in the Ni(II)-SBC-H2O2 process, confirming that different catalytic oxidation reactions are occurred in the Cu(II)-SBC-H2O2 and Ni(II)-SBC-H2O2 processes. This study facilitates a great strategy to the sludge multi-stage circulating utilization and a better understanding about the role of the Cu/Ni existed in SBC during the estrogens removal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ai
- Faculty Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- School of Environment Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Guiying Liao
- Faculty Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Feifei Chen
- School of Environment Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Faculty Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
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Abstract
Firstly, this paper reviews two main methods for biochar synthesis, namely conventional pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). The related processes are described, and the influences of biomass nature and reaction conditions, especially temperature, are discussed. Compared to pyrolysis, HTC has advantages for processing high-moisture biomass and producing spherical biochar particles. Secondly, typical features of biochar in comparison with other carbonaceous materials are summarized. They refer to the presence of inorganics, surface functional groups, and local crystalline structures made up of highly conjugated aromatic sheets. Thirdly, various strategies for biochar modification are illustrated. They include activation, surface functionalization, in situ heteroatom doping, and the formation of composites with other materials. An appropriate modification is necessary for biochar used as a catalyst. Fourthly, the applications of biochar-based catalysts in three important processes of biofuel production are reviewed. Sulfonated biochar shows good catalytic performance for biomass hydrolysis and biodiesel production. Biodiesel production can also be catalyzed by biochar-derived or -supported solid-alkali catalysts. Biochar alone and biochar-supported metals are potential catalysts for tar reduction during or after biomass gasification. Lastly, the merits of biochar-based catalysts are summarized. Biochar-based catalysts have great developmental prospects. Future work needs to focus on the study of mechanism and process design.
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Xiao X, Chen B, Chen Z, Zhu L, Schnoor JL. Insight into Multiple and Multilevel Structures of Biochars and Their Potential Environmental Applications: A Critical Review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:5027-5047. [PMID: 29634904 PMCID: PMC6402350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is the carbon-rich product of the pyrolysis of biomass under oxygen-limited conditions, and it has received increasing attention due to its multiple functions in the fields of climate change mitigation, sustainable agriculture, environmental control, and novel materials. To design a "smart" biochar for environmentally sustainable applications, one must understand recent advances in biochar molecular structures and explore potential applications to generalize upon structure-application relationships. In this review, multiple and multilevel structures of biochars are interpreted based on their elemental compositions, phase components, surface properties, and molecular structures. Applications such as carbon fixators, fertilizers, sorbents, and carbon-based materials are highlighted based on the biochar multilevel structures as well as their structure-application relationships. Further studies are suggested for more detailed biochar structural analysis and separation and for the combination of macroscopic and microscopic information to develop a higher-level biochar structural design for selective applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xiao
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Baoliang Chen
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Corresponding Author: B. Chen. Phone: 0086-571-88982587; fax: 0086-571-88982587;
| | - Zaiming Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Lizhong Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jerald L. Schnoor
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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Qian F, Zhu X, Liu Y, Shi Q, Wu L, Zhang S, Chen J, Ren ZJ. Influences of Temperature and Metal on Subcritical Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Hyperaccumulator: Implications for the Recycling of Hazardous Hyperaccumulators. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:2225-2234. [PMID: 29376328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b03756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Waste Sedum plumbizincicola, a zinc (Zn) hyperaccumulator during phytoremediation, was recycled via a subcritical hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) reaction into multiple streams of products, including hydrochar, bio-oil, and carboxylic acids. Results show approximately 90% of Zn was released from the S. plumbizincicola biomass during HTL at an optimized temperature of 220 °C, and the release risk was mitigated via HTL reaction for hydrochar production. The low-Zn hydrochar (∼200 mg/kg compared to original plant of 1558 mg/kg) was further upgraded into porous carbon (PC) with high porosity (930 m2/g) and excellent capability of carbon dioxide (CO2) capture (3 mmol/g). The porosity, micropore structure, and graphitization degree of PCs were manipulated by the thermal recalcitrance of hydrochar. More importantly, results showed that the released Zn2+ could effectively promote the production of acetic acid via the oxidation of furfural (FF) and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-furfural (HMF). Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) with negative electrospray ionization analysis confirmed the deoxygenation and depolymerization reactions and the production of long chain fatty acids during HTL reaction of S. plumbizincicola. This work provides a new path for the recycling of waste hyperaccumulator biomass into value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Quan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum , Beijing 102249, China
| | - Longhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security , Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security , Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhiyong Jason Ren
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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Ho SH, Zhu S, Chang JS. Recent advances in nanoscale-metal assisted biochar derived from waste biomass used for heavy metals removal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 246:123-134. [PMID: 28893502 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of heavy metals (HMs) is a detrimental treat to human health and need to be cleaned up in a proper way. Biochar (BC), a low-cost and "green" adsorbent, has attracted significant attention due to its considerable HMs removal capacity. In particular, nano-metals have recently been used to assist BC in improving its reactivity, surface texture and magnetism. Synthesis methods and metal precursors greatly influence the properties and structures of the nanocomposites, thereby affecting their HMs removal performance. This review presents advances in synthesis methods, formation mechanisms and surface characteristics of BC nanocomposites, along with the discussions on HMs removal mechanisms and the effects of environmental factors on HMs removal efficiency. Performance of using BC nanocomposites to remediate real HMs-containing wastewater and issues associated with its process scale-up are also discussed. This review aims to provide useful information to facilitate the development of HMs removal by nanoscale-metal assisted BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hsin Ho
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Shishu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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31
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Ling LL, Liu WJ, Zhang S, Jiang H. Magnesium Oxide Embedded Nitrogen Self-Doped Biochar Composites: Fast and High-Efficiency Adsorption of Heavy Metals in an Aqueous Solution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:10081-10089. [PMID: 28753301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) pollution in natural water bodies is an environmental concern due to toxic effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health, while adsorption is an effective approach to remove Pb from the water. Surface interactions between adsorbents and adsorbates play a dominant role in the adsorption process, and properly engineering a material's surface property is critical to the improvement of adsorption performance. In this study, the magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles stabilized on the N-doped biochar (MgO@N-biochar) were synthesized by one-pot fast pyrolysis of an MgCl2-loaded N-enriched hydrophyte biomass as a way to increase the exchangeable ions and N-containing functional groups and facilitate the adsorption of Pb2+. The as-synthesized MgO@N-biochar has a high performance with Pb in an aqueous solution with a large adsorption capacity (893 mg/g), a very short equilibrium time (<10 min), and a large throughput (∼4450 BV). Results show that this excellent adsorption performance can be maintained with various environmentally relevant interferences including pH, natural organic matter, and other metal ions, suggesting that the material may be suitable for the treatment of wastewater, natural bodies of water, and even drinking water. In addition, MgO@N-biochar quickly and efficiently removed Cd2+ and tetracycline. Multiple characterizations and comparative tests have been performed to demonstrate the surface adsorption and ion exchange contributed to partial Pb adsorption, and it can be inferred from these results that the high performance of MgO@N-biochar is mainly due to the surface coordination of Pb2+ and C═O or O═C-O, pyridinic, pyridonic, and pyrrolic N. This work suggests that engineering surface functional groups of biochar may be crucial for the development of high performance heavy metal adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Ling
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wu-Jun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
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32
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Sima XF, Li BB, Jiang H. Influence of Pyrolytic Biochar on Settleability and Denitrification of Activated Sludge Process. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/30/cjcp1612230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Valorisation of post-sorption materials: Opportunities, strategies, and challenges. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 242:35-58. [PMID: 28256201 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption is a facile, economic, eco-friendly and low-energy requiring technology that aims to separate diverse compounds (ions and molecules) from one phase to another using a wide variety of adsorbent materials. To date, this technology has been used most often for removal/recovery of pollutants from aqueous solutions; however, emerging post-sorption technologies are now enabling the manufacture of value-added key adsorption products that can subsequently be used for (i) fertilizers, (ii) catalysis, (iii) carbonaceous metal nanoparticle synthesis, (iv) feed additives, and (v) biologically active compounds. These new strategies ensure the sustainable valorisation of post-sorption materials as an economically viable alternative to the engineering of other green chemical products because of the ecological affability, biocompatibility, and widespread accessibility of post-sorption materials. Fertilizers and feed additives manufactured using sorption technology contain elements such as N, P, Cu, Mn, and Zn, which improve soil fertility and provide essential nutrients to animals and humans. This green and effective approach to managing post-sorption materials is an important step in reaching the global goals of sustainability and healthy human nutrition. Post-sorbents have also been utilized for the harvesting of metal nanoparticles via modern catalytic pyrolysis techniques. The resulting materials exhibited a high surface area (>1000m2/g) and are further used as catalysts and adsorbents. Together with the above possibilities, energy production from post-sorbents is under exploration. Many of the vital 3E (energy, environment, and economy) problems can be addressed using post-sorption materials. In this review, we summarize a new generation of applications of post-adsorbents as value-added green chemical products. At the end of each section, scientific challenges, further opportunities, and issues related to toxicity are discussed. We believe this critical evaluation not only delivers essential contextual information to researchers in the field but also stimulates new ideas and applications to further advance post-sorbent applications.
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Abstract
Biomass is increasingly perceived as a renewable resource rather than as an organic solid waste today, as it can be converted to various chemicals, biofuels, and solid biochar using modern processes. In the past few years, pyrolysis has attracted growing interest as a promising versatile platform to convert biomass into valuable resources. However, an efficient and selective conversion process is still difficult to be realized due to the complex nature of biomass, which usually makes the products complicated. Furthermore, various contaminants and inorganic elements (e.g., heavy metals, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and chlorine) embodied in biomass may be transferred into pyrolysis products or released into the environment, arousing environmental pollution concerns. Understanding their behaviors in biomass pyrolysis is essential to optimizing the pyrolysis process for efficient resource recovery and less environmental pollution. However, there is no comprehensive review so far about the fates of chemical elements in biomass during its pyrolysis. Here, we provide a critical review about the fates of main chemical elements (C, H, O, N, P, Cl, S, and metals) in biomass during its pyrolysis. We overview the research advances about the emission, transformation, and distribution of elements in biomass pyrolysis, discuss the present challenges for resource-oriented conversion and pollution abatement, highlight the importance and significance of understanding the fate of elements during pyrolysis, and outlook the future development directions for process control. The review provides useful information for developing sustainable biomass pyrolysis processes with an improved efficiency and selectivity as well as minimized environmental impacts, and encourages more research efforts from the scientific communities of chemistry, the environment, and energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Jun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China , Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wen-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China , Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China , Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Han-Qing Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China , Hefei, 230026, China
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Giudicianni P, Pindozzi S, Grottola CM, Stanzione F, Faugno S, Fagnano M, Fiorentino N, Ragucci R. Pyrolysis for exploitation of biomasses selected for soil phytoremediation: Characterization of gaseous and solid products. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 61:288-299. [PMID: 28185852 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Biomasses to be used in the phytoremediation process are generally selected to match agronomic parameters and heavy metals uptake ability. A proper selection can be made greatly effective if knowledge of the properties of the residual char from pyrolysis is available to identify possible valorization routes. In this study a comparative analysis of the yields and characteristics of char obtained from slow pyrolysis of five uncontaminated biomasses (Populus nigra, Salix alba, Fraxinus oxyphylla, Eucalyptus occidentalis and Arundo donax) was carried out under steam atmosphere to better develop char porosity. Moreover, the dependence of the properties of solid residue on the process final temperature was studied for E. occidentalis in the temperature range of 688-967K. The results demonstrate that, among the studied biomasses, chars from P. nigra and E. occidentalis have to be preferred for applications regulated by surface phenomena given their highest surface area (270-300m2/g), whereas char from E. occidentalis is the best choice when the goal is to maximize energy recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Giudicianni
- Istituto di Ricerche sulla Combustione - C.N.R., p.le V. Tecchio, 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Pindozzi
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy.
| | - Corinna Maria Grottola
- Istituto di Ricerche sulla Combustione - C.N.R., p.le V. Tecchio, 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; DICMaPI, University of Naples Federico II, p.le V. Tecchio, 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Fernando Stanzione
- Istituto di Ricerche sulla Combustione - C.N.R., p.le V. Tecchio, 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Faugno
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Massimo Fagnano
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Nunzio Fiorentino
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Raffaele Ragucci
- Istituto di Ricerche sulla Combustione - C.N.R., p.le V. Tecchio, 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
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Li S, Zhang T, Li J, Shi L, Zhu X, Lü J, Li Y. Stabilization of Pb(II) accumulated in biomass through phosphate-pretreated pyrolysis at low temperatures. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 324:464-471. [PMID: 27863797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil and water using plant biomass is considered to be a green technological approach, although the harmless disposal of biomass accumulated with heavy metals remains a challenge. A potential solution to this problem explored in this work involves combining phosphate pretreatment with pyrolysis. Pb(II) was accumulated in celery biomass with superior sorption capacity and also in ordinary wood biomass through biosorption. The Pb(II)-impregnated biomass was then pretreated with phosphoric acid or calcium dihydrogen phosphate (CaP) and pyrolyzed at 350 or 450°C. Pb(II) from biomass was in turn almost totally retained in chars, and the percentage of DTPA-extractable Pb(II) was reduced to less than 5% of total Pb(II) in chars through CaP pretreatment. Pb(II) stabilization was further confirmed through a sequential extraction test, which showed that more than 95% of Pb(II) was converted into stable species composed mainly of lead phosphates according to X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) analyses. Overall, phosphate-pretreated pyrolysis can stabilize both Pb(II) and degradable biomass, so as to control efficiently the hazards of heavy metal-contaminated biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saijun Li
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Jianfa Li
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China.
| | - Lingna Shi
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Jinhong Lü
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Yimin Li
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
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Oh SY, Seo YD. Polymer/biomass-derived biochar for use as a sorbent and electron transfer mediator in environmental applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:77-83. [PMID: 27347801 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.06.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Co-pyrolysis of polymer and biomass wastes was investigated as a novel method for waste treatment and synthesis of enhanced biochar. Co-pyrolysis of rice straw (RS) with polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) or polystyrene (PS) increased the carbon content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), surface area and pH of the biochar. As a result, the sorption of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) and Pb to polymer/RS-derived biochar was markedly enhanced. The increased aromaticity and hydrophobicity may be responsible for enhancing the DNT sorption to the polymer/RS-derived biochar. In contrast, increasing CEC, higher pH, and the newly developed surface area may account for the enhancement in Pb sorption. The addition of polymer to RS did not significantly change the catalytic role of biochar during the reduction of DNT by dithiothreitol. Our results suggest that co-pyrolysis of RS and polymer can improve the biochar properties to enhance the sorption of DNT and Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Young Oh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea.
| | - Yong-Deuk Seo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
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38
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Karnjanakom S, Bayu A, Xiaoketi P, Hao X, Kongparakul S, Samart C, Abudula A, Guan G. Selective production of aromatic hydrocarbons from catalytic pyrolysis of biomass over Cu or Fe loaded mesoporous rod-like alumina. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra09431g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The selective production of aromatic hydrocarbons from bio-oil derived from the fast pyrolysis of sunflower stalks over Cu or Fe-modified mesoporous rod-like alumina catalysts was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surachai Karnjanakom
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Hirosaki University
- Hirosaki 036-8560
- Japan
| | - Asep Bayu
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Hirosaki University
- Hirosaki 036-8560
- Japan
| | - Pairuzha Xiaoketi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Hirosaki University
- Hirosaki 036-8560
- Japan
| | - Xiaogang Hao
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
| | - Suwadee Kongparakul
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Thammasat University
- Thailand
| | - Chanatip Samart
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Thammasat University
- Thailand
| | - Abuliti Abudula
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Hirosaki University
- Hirosaki 036-8560
- Japan
| | - Guoqing Guan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Hirosaki University
- Hirosaki 036-8560
- Japan
- North Japan Research Institute for Sustainable Energy (NJRISE)
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Cao L, Luo G, Zhang S, Chen J. Bio-oil production from eight selected green landscaping wastes through hydrothermal liquefaction. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24760h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the potential of eight types of green landscaping waste as feedstock to produce bio-oil through hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Leichang Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3)
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Gang Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3)
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3)
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3)
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
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40
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Liu WJ, Jiang H, Yu HQ. Development of Biochar-Based Functional Materials: Toward a Sustainable Platform Carbon Material. Chem Rev 2015; 115:12251-85. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 846] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Jun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Han-Qing Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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41
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Tong X, Chen H, Hu J, Bi Y, Sun Z, Fan W. The Efficient and Sustainable Pyrolysis and Gasification of Biomass by Catalytic Processes. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.201400028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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42
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Karnjanakom S, Guan G, Asep B, Du X, Hao X, Yang J, Samart C, Abudula A. A green method to increase yield and quality of bio-oil: ultrasonic pretreatment of biomass and catalytic upgrading of bio-oil over metal (Cu, Fe and/or Zn)/γ-Al2O3. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14609g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A green method is developed to increase the yield and quality of bio-oil by ultrasonic pretreatment of biomass followed by in situ catalytic upgrading of bio-oil over metal (Cu, Fe and/or Zn)/γ-Al2O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surachai Karnjanakom
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Hirosaki University
- Hirosaki 036-8560, Japan
| | - Guoqing Guan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Hirosaki University
- Hirosaki 036-8560, Japan
- North Japan Research Institute for Sustainable Energy (NJRISE)
- Hirosaki University
| | - Bayu Asep
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Hirosaki University
- Hirosaki 036-8560, Japan
| | - Xiao Du
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Hirosaki University
- Hirosaki 036-8560, Japan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
| | - Xiaogang Hao
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Jingxuan Yang
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Hirosaki University
- Hirosaki 036-8560, Japan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
| | - Chanatip Samart
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Thammasat University
- Pathumtani 12120, Thailand
| | - Abuliti Abudula
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Hirosaki University
- Hirosaki 036-8560, Japan
- North Japan Research Institute for Sustainable Energy (NJRISE)
- Hirosaki University
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43
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Cao Z, Wang S, Wang T, Chang Z, Shen Z, Chen Y. Using contaminated plants involved in phytoremediation for anaerobic digestion. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2015; 17:201-7. [PMID: 25397976 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2013.876967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the anaerobic digestion capability of five plants and the effects of copper (Cu) and S,S'-ethylenediaminedisuccinic acid (EDDS, a chelator widely used in chelant-assisted phytoremediation) on biogas production to determine a feasible disposal method for plants used in remediation. The results showed that in addition to Phytolacca americana L., plants such as Zea mays L., Brassica napus L., Elsholtzia splendens Nakai ex F. Maekawa, and Oenothera biennis L. performed well in biogas production. Among these, O. biennis required the shortest period to finish anaerobic digestion. Compared to normal plants with low Cu content, the plants used in remediation with increased Cu levels (100 mg kg(-1)) not only promoted anaerobic digestion and required a shorter anaerobic digestion time, but also increased the methane content in biogas. When the Cu content in plants increased to 500, 1000, and 5000 mg kg(-1), the cumulative biogas production decreased by 12.3%, 14.6%, and 41.2%, respectively. Studies also found that EDDS conspicuously restrained biogas production from anaerobic digestion. The results suggest that anaerobic digestion has great potential for the disposal of contaminated plants and may provide a solution for the resource utilization of plants used in remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewei Cao
- a College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
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44
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Liu WJ, Tian K, Jiang H, Yu HQ. Facile synthesis of highly efficient and recyclable magnetic solid acid from biomass waste. Sci Rep 2014; 3:2419. [PMID: 23939253 PMCID: PMC3741625 DOI: 10.1038/srep02419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, sawdust, a biomass waste, is converted into a magnetic porous carbonaceous (MPC) solid acid catalyst by an integrated fast pyrolysis–sulfonation process. The resultant magnetic solid acid has a porous structure with high surface area of 296.4 m2 g−1, which can be attributed to the catalytic effect of Fe. The catalytic activity and recyclability of the solid acid catalyst are evaluated during three typical acid-catalyzed reactions: esterification, dehydration, and hydrolysis. The favorable catalytic performance in all three reactions is attributed to the acid's high strength with 2.57 mmol g−1 of total acid sites. Moreover, the solid acid can be reused five times without a noticeable decrease in catalytic activity, indicating the stability of the porous carbon (PC)–sulfonic acid group structure. The findings in the present work offer effective alternatives for environmentally friendly utilization of abundant biomass waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Jun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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45
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Bateer B, Tian C, Qu Y, Du S, Yang Y, Ren Z, Pan K, Fu H. Synthesis, size and magnetic properties of controllable MnFe2O4 nanoparticles with versatile surface functionalities. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:9885-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00089g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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46
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Babu AG, Shim J, Bang KS, Shea PJ, Oh BT. Trichoderma virens PDR-28: a heavy metal-tolerant and plant growth-promoting fungus for remediation and bioenergy crop production on mine tailing soil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2014; 132:129-34. [PMID: 24291586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A heavy metal-tolerant fungus, Trichoderma virens PDR-28, was isolated from rhizosphere soil and evaluated for use in remediating mine tailing soil and for plant biomass production. PDR-28 exhibited plant growth-promoting traits, including 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase, acid phosphatase and phytase activity, siderophore production, and P solubilization. HMs were more available in mine tailing soil inoculated soil with PDR-28 than in uninoculated soil; the order of HM bioleaching was Cd > As > Zn > Pb > Cu. PDR-28 effectively removed HMs in the order of Pb > Cd > As > Zn > Cu from liquid media containing 100 mg HM L(-1). Inoculating HM-contaminated mine tailing soil with the fungus significantly increased the dry biomass of maize roots (64%) and shoots (56%). Chlorophyll, total soluble sugars (reducible and nonreducible), starch, and protein contents increased by 46%, 28%, 30%, and 29%, respectively, compared to plants grown in uninoculated soil. Inoculation increased heavy metal concentrations in maize roots by 25% (Cu) to 62% (Cd) and in shoots by 35% (Cu) to 64% (Pb) compared to uninoculated plants. Results suggest that PDR-28 would be beneficial for phytostabilization and plant biomass production as a potential source of biofuel in the quest for renewable energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Giridhar Babu
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jaehong Shim
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Keuk-Soo Bang
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Patrick J Shea
- School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0817, USA
| | - Byung-Taek Oh
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Republic of Korea.
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47
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Liu WJ, Jiang H, Tian K, Ding YW, Yu HQ. Mesoporous carbon stabilized MgO nanoparticles synthesized by pyrolysis of MgCl2 preloaded waste biomass for highly efficient CO2 capture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:9397-9403. [PMID: 23895233 DOI: 10.1021/es401286p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic CO2 emission makes significant contribution to global climate change and CO2 capture and storage is a currently a preferred technology to change the trajectory toward irreversible global warming. In this work, we reported a new strategy that the inexhaustible MgCl2 in seawater and the abundantly available biomass waste can be utilized to prepare mesoporous carbon stabilized MgO nanoparticles (mPC-MgO) for CO2 capture. The mPC-MgO showed excellent performance in the CO2 capture process with the maximum capacity of 5.45 mol kg(-1), much higher than many other MgO based CO2 trappers. The CO2 capture capacity of the mPC-MgO material kept almost unchanged in 19-run cyclic reuse, and can be regenerated at low temperature. The mechanism for the CO2 capture by the mPC-MgO was investigated by FTIR and XPS, and the results indicated that the high CO2 capture capacity and the favorable selectivity of the as-prepared materials were mainly attributed to their special structure (i.e., surface area, functional groups, and the MgO NPs). This work would open up a new pathway to slow down global warming as well as resolve the pollution of waste biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Jun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
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