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Martinez Ostormujof L, Teychené S, Achouak W, Fochesato S, Bakarat M, Rodriguez‐Ruiz I, Bergel A, Erable B. Systemic Analysis of the Spatiotemporal Changes in Multi‐Species Electroactive Biofilms to Clarify the Gradual Decline of Current Generation in Microbial Anodes. ChemElectroChem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202201135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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2
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Cheng Q, Call DF. Developing microbial communities containing a high abundance of exoelectrogenic microorganisms using activated carbon granules. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 768:144361. [PMID: 33736328 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms that can transfer electrons outside their cells are useful in a range of wastewater treatment and remediation technologies. Conventional methods of enriching exoelectrogens are cost-prohibitive (e.g., controlled-potential electrodes) or lack specificity (e.g., soluble electron acceptors). In this study a low-cost and simple approach to enrich exoelectrogens from a mixed microbial inoculum was investigated. After the method was validated using the exoelectrogen Geobacter sulfurreducens, microorganisms from a pilot-scale biological activated carbon (BAC) filter were subjected to incubations in which acetate was provided as the electron donor and granular activated carbon (GAC) as the electron acceptor. The BAC-derived community oxidized acetate and reduced GAC at a capacity of 1.0 mmol e- (g GAC)-1. After three transfers to new bottles, acetate oxidation rates increased 4.3-fold, and microbial morphologies and GAC surface coverage became homogenous. Although present at <0.01% in the inoculum, Geobacter species were significantly enriched in the incubations (up to 96% abundance), suggesting they were responsible for reducing the GAC. The ability to quickly and effectively develop an exoelectrogenic microbial community using GAC may help initiate and/or maintain environmental systems that benefit from the unique metabolic capabilities of these microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwen Cheng
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, 2501 Stinson Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695-7908, United States
| | - Douglas F Call
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, 2501 Stinson Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695-7908, United States.
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3
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Askri R, Erable B, Etcheverry L, Saadaoui S, Neifar M, Cherif A, Chouchane H. Allochthonous and Autochthonous Halothermotolerant Bioanodes From Hypersaline Sediment and Textile Wastewater: A Promising Microbial Electrochemical Process for Energy Recovery Coupled With Real Textile Wastewater Treatment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:609446. [PMID: 33392172 PMCID: PMC7773924 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.609446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The textile and clothing industry is the first manufacture sector in Tunisia in terms of employment and number of enterprises. It generates large volumes of textile dyeing wastewater (TDWW) containing high concentrations of saline, alkaline, and recalcitrant pollutants that could fuel tenacious and resilient electrochemically active microorganisms in bioanodes of bioelectrochemical systems. In this study, a designed hybrid bacterial halothermotolerant bioanode incorporating indigenous and exogenous bacteria from both hypersaline sediment of Chott El Djerid (HSCE) and TDWW is proposed for simultaneous treatment of real TDWW and anodic current generation under high salinity. For the proposed halothermotolerant bioanodes, electrical current production, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency, and bacterial community dynamics were monitored. All the experiments of halothermotolerant bioanode formation have been conducted on 6 cm2 carbon felt electrodes polarized at -0.1 V/SCE and inoculated with 80% of TDWW and 20% of HSCE for 17 days at 45°C. A reproducible current production of about 12.5 ± 0.2 A/m2 and a total of 91 ± 3% of COD removal efficiency were experimentally validated. Metagenomic analysis demonstrated significant differences in bacterial diversity mainly at species level between anodic biofilms incorporating allochthonous and autochthonous bacteria and anodic biofilm containing only autochthonous bacteria as a control. Therefore, we concluded that these results provide for the first time a new noteworthy alternative for achieving treatment and recover energy, in the form of a high electric current, from real saline TDWW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Refka Askri
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia.,Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Benjamin Erable
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Luc Etcheverry
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Sirine Saadaoui
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Neifar
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Ameur Cherif
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Habib Chouchane
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
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4
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Electrochemical Bacterial Enrichment from Natural Seawater and Its Implications in Biocorrosion of Stainless-Steel Electrodes. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13102327. [PMID: 32438636 PMCID: PMC7288148 DOI: 10.3390/ma13102327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Microbial electrochemical technologies have revealed the opportunity of electrochemical enrichment for specific bacterial groups that are able to catalyze reactions of interest. However, there are unsolved challenges towards their application under aggressive environmental conditions, such as in the sea. This study demonstrates the impact of surface electrochemical potential on community composition and its corrosivity. Electrochemical bacterial enrichment was successfully carried out in natural seawater without nutrient amendments. Experiments were carried out for ten days of exposure in a closed-flow system over 316L stainless steel electrodes under three different poised potentials (−150 mV, +100 mV, and +310 mV vs. Ag/AgCl). Weight loss and atomic force microscopy showed a significant difference in corrosion when +310 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl) was applied in comparison to that produced under the other tested potentials (and an unpoised control). Bacterial community analysis conducted using 16S rRNA gene profiles showed that poised potentials are more positive as +310 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl) resulted in strong enrichment for Rhodobacteraceae and Sulfitobacter. Hence, even though significant enrichment of the known electrochemically active bacteria from the Rhodobacteraceae family was accomplished, the resultant bacterial community could accelerate pitting corrosion in 316 L stainless steel, thereby compromising the durability of the electrodes and the microbial electrochemical technologies.
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Gagliano MC, Sudmalis D, Pei R, Temmink H, Plugge CM. Microbial Community Drivers in Anaerobic Granulation at High Salinity. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:235. [PMID: 32174895 PMCID: PMC7054345 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In the recent years anaerobic sludge granulation at elevated salinities in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors has been investigated in few engineering based studies, never addressing the microbial community structural role in driving aggregation and keeping granules stability. In this study, the combination of different techniques was applied in order to follow the microbial community members and their structural dynamics in granules formed at low (5 g/L Na+) and high (20 g/L Na+) salinity conditions. Experiments were carried out in four UASB reactors fed with synthetic wastewater, using two experimental set-ups. By applying 16S rRNA gene analysis, the comparison of granules grown at low and high salinity showed that acetotrophic Methanosaeta harundinacea was the dominant methanogen at both salinities, while the dominant bacteria changed. At 5 g/L Na+, cocci chains of Streptoccoccus were developing, while at 20 g/L Na+ members of the family Defluviitaleaceae formed long filaments. By means of Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), it was shown that aggregation of Methanosaeta in compact clusters and the formation of filaments of Streptoccoccus and Defluviitaleaceae during the digestion time were the main drivers for the granulation at low and high salinity. Interestingly, when the complex protein substrate (tryptone) in the synthetic wastewater was substituted with single amino acids (proline, leucine and glutamic acid), granules at high salinity (20 g/L Na+) were not formed. This corresponded to a decrease of Methanosaeta relative abundance and a lack of compact clustering, together with disappearance of Defluviitaleaceae and consequent absence of bacterial filaments within the dispersed biomass. In these conditions, a biofilm was growing on the glass wall of the reactor instead, highlighting that a complex protein substrate such as tryptone can contribute to granules formation at elevated salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Gagliano
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Wetsus - European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Leeuwarden, Netherlands
| | - Dainis Sudmalis
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Ruizhe Pei
- Wetsus - European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Leeuwarden, Netherlands
| | - Hardy Temmink
- Wetsus - European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Leeuwarden, Netherlands.,Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Caroline M Plugge
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Wetsus - European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Leeuwarden, Netherlands
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Champigneux P, Delia ML, Bergel A. Impact of electrode micro- and nano-scale topography on the formation and performance of microbial electrodes. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 118:231-246. [PMID: 30098490 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
From a fundamental standpoint, microbial electrochemistry is unravelling a thrilling link between life and materials. Technically, it may be the source of a large number of new processes such as microbial fuel cells for powering remote sensors, autonomous sensors, microbial electrolysers and equipment for effluent treatment. Microbial electron transfers are also involved in many natural processes such as biocorrosion. In these contexts, a huge number of studies have dealt with the impact of electrode materials, coatings and surface functionalizations but very few have focused on the effect of the surface topography, although it has often been pointed out as a key parameter impacting the performance of electroactive biofilms. The first part of the review gives an overview of the influence of electrode topography on abiotic electrochemical reactions. The second part recalls some basics of the effect of surface topography on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation, in a broad domain reaching beyond the context of electroactivity. On these well-established bases, the effect of surface topography is reviewed and analysed in the field of electroactive biofilms. General trends are extracted and fundamental questions are pointed out, which should be addressed to boost future research endeavours. The objective is to provide basic guidelines useful to the widest possible range of research communities so that they can exploit surface topography as a powerful lever to improve, or to mitigate in the case of biocorrosion for instance, the performance of electrode/biofilm interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Champigneux
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS, Université de Toulouse (INPT), 4 allée Emile Monso, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Line Delia
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS, Université de Toulouse (INPT), 4 allée Emile Monso, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Bergel
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS, Université de Toulouse (INPT), 4 allée Emile Monso, 31432 Toulouse, France.
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7
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Polarization Potential Has No Effect on Maximum Current Density Produced by Halotolerant Bioanodes. ENERGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/en11030529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Mohottige TNW, Ginige MP, Kaksonen AH, Sarukkalige R, Cheng KY. Bioelectrochemical oxidation of organics by alkali-halotolerant anodophilic biofilm under nitrogen-deficient, alkaline and saline conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:890-898. [PMID: 28931205 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to study the feasibility of using bioelectrochemical systems (BES) for organics removal under alkaline-saline and nitrogen (N) deficient conditions. Two BES inoculated with activated sludge were examined for organics (oxalate, acetate, formate) oxidation under alkaline-saline (pH 9.5, 25g/L NaCl) and N deficient conditions. One reactor (R1) received ammonium chloride as an N-source, while the other (R2) without. The reactors were initially loaded with only oxalate (25mM), but start-up was achieved only when acetate was added as co-substrate (5mM). Maximum current were R1: 908A/m3 (organic removal rate (ORR) 4.61kgCOD/m3·d) and R2: 540A/m3 (ORR 2.06kgCOD/m3·d). Formate was utilised by both anodic biofilms, but the inefficient oxalate removal was likely due to the paucity of microorganisms that catalyse decarboxylation of oxalate into formate. Further development of this promising technology for the treatment of alkaline-saline wastewater is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharanga N Weerasinghe Mohottige
- CSIRO Land and Water, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Civil Engineering, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Anna H Kaksonen
- CSIRO Land and Water, Western Australia, Australia; School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Ranjan Sarukkalige
- Department of Civil Engineering, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ka Yu Cheng
- CSIRO Land and Water, Western Australia, Australia; School of Engineering and Information Technology, Murdoch University, Western Australia 6150, Australia.
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9
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Santoro C, Arbizzani C, Erable B, Ieropoulos I. Microbial fuel cells: From fundamentals to applications. A review. JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES 2017; 356:225-244. [PMID: 28717261 PMCID: PMC5465942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.03.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 527] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In the past 10-15 years, the microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology has captured the attention of the scientific community for the possibility of transforming organic waste directly into electricity through microbially catalyzed anodic, and microbial/enzymatic/abiotic cathodic electrochemical reactions. In this review, several aspects of the technology are considered. Firstly, a brief history of abiotic to biological fuel cells and subsequently, microbial fuel cells is presented. Secondly, the development of the concept of microbial fuel cell into a wider range of derivative technologies, called bioelectrochemical systems, is described introducing briefly microbial electrolysis cells, microbial desalination cells and microbial electrosynthesis cells. The focus is then shifted to electroactive biofilms and electron transfer mechanisms involved with solid electrodes. Carbonaceous and metallic anode materials are then introduced, followed by an explanation of the electro catalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction and its behavior in neutral media, from recent studies. Cathode catalysts based on carbonaceous, platinum-group metal and platinum-group-metal-free materials are presented, along with membrane materials with a view to future directions. Finally, microbial fuel cell practical implementation, through the utilization of energy output for practical applications, is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Santoro
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center Micro-Engineered Materials (CMEM), University of New Mexico, 87106, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Catia Arbizzani
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Benjamin Erable
- University of Toulouse, CNRS, Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CAMPUS INP – ENSIACET, 4 Allée Emile Monso, CS 84234, 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Ioannis Ieropoulos
- Bristol BioEnergy Centre, Bristol Robotics Laboratory, T Block, University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Ln, Bristol, BS16 1QY, United Kingdom
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10
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Feng Z, Zhu P, Fan H, Piao S, Xu L, Sun T. Effect of Biofilm on Passive Sampling of Dissolved Orthophosphate Using the Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films Technique. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6836-43. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmin Feng
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- School of Material
Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Hongtao Fan
- College of Applied Chemistry, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, China
| | - Shanshan Piao
- Chongqing Branch of
Beijing Hyundai Motor Company, Chongqing, 401133, China
| | - Liang Xu
- College
of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110036, China
| | - Ting Sun
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, China
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11
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Blanchet E, Erable B, De Solan ML, Bergel A. Two-dimensional carbon cloth and three-dimensional carbon felt perform similarly to form bioanode fed with food waste. Electrochem commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2016.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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12
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Pierra M, Carmona-Martínez AA, Trably E, Godon JJ, Bernet N. Specific and efficient electrochemical selection of Geoalkalibacter subterraneus and Desulfuromonas acetoxidans in high current-producing biofilms. Bioelectrochemistry 2015; 106:221-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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13
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Chabert N, Amin Ali O, Achouak W. All ecosystems potentially host electrogenic bacteria. Bioelectrochemistry 2015; 106:88-96. [PMID: 26298511 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Instead of requiring metal catalysts, MFCs utilize bacteria that oxidize organic matter and either transfer electrons to the anode or take electrons from the cathode. These devices are thus based on a wide microbial diversity that can convert a large array of organic matter components into sustainable and renewable energy. A wide variety of explored environments were found to host electrogenic bacteria, including extreme environments. In the present review, we describe how different ecosystems host electrogenic bacteria, as well as the physicochemical, electrochemical and biological parameters that control the currents from MFCs. We also report how using new molecular techniques allowed characterization of electrochemical biofilms and identification of potentially new electrogenic species. Finally we discuss these findings in the context of future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Chabert
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab of Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere & Extreme Environment (LEMiRE), 13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France; CNRS, BVME UMR 7265, ECCOREV FR 3098, 13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France; Aix Marseille Université, 13284 Marseille Cedex 07, France
| | - Oulfat Amin Ali
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab of Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere & Extreme Environment (LEMiRE), 13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France; CNRS, BVME UMR 7265, ECCOREV FR 3098, 13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France; Aix Marseille Université, 13284 Marseille Cedex 07, France
| | - Wafa Achouak
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab of Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere & Extreme Environment (LEMiRE), 13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France; CNRS, BVME UMR 7265, ECCOREV FR 3098, 13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France; Aix Marseille Université, 13284 Marseille Cedex 07, France.
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14
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Sharma M, Bajracharya S, Gildemyn S, Patil SA, Alvarez-Gallego Y, Pant D, Rabaey K, Dominguez-Benetton X. A critical revisit of the key parameters used to describe microbial electrochemical systems. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.02.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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Rousseau R, Santaella C, Achouak W, Godon JJ, Bonnafous A, Bergel A, Délia ML. Correlation of the Electrochemical Kinetics of High-Salinity-Tolerant Bioanodes with the Structure and Microbial Composition of the Biofilm. ChemElectroChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201402153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Ketep SF, Bergel A, Bertrand M, Barakat M, Achouak W, Fourest E. Forming microbial anodes with acetate addition decreases their capability to treat raw paper mill effluent. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 164:285-291. [PMID: 24862005 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Microbial anodes were formed under polarization at -0.3 V/SCE on graphite plates in effluents from a pulp and paper mill. The bioanodes formed with the addition of acetate led to the highest current densities (up to 6A/m(2)) but were then unable to oxidize the raw effluent efficiently (0.5A/m(2)). In contrast, the bioanodes formed without acetate addition were fully able to oxidize the organic matter contained in the effluent, giving up to 4.5A/m(2) in continuous mode. Bacterial communities showed less bacterial diversity for the acetate-fed bioanodes compared to those formed in raw effluents. Deltaproteobacteria were the most abundant taxonomic group, with a high diversity for bioanodes formed without acetate addition but with almost 100% Desulfuromonas for the acetate-fed bioanodes. The addition of acetate to form the microbial anodes induced microbial selection, which was detrimental to the treatment of the raw effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie F Ketep
- Centre Technique du Papier, BP 251, 38044 Grenoble Cedex 9, France; Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS-Université de Toulouse, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Bergel
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS-Université de Toulouse, 31432 Toulouse, France.
| | - Marie Bertrand
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, SBVME, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne de la Rhizosphère et d'Environnements Extrêmes (LEMiRE), Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France; CNRS, UMR 7265, FR CNRS 3098 ECCOREV, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France; Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Mohamed Barakat
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, SBVME, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne de la Rhizosphère et d'Environnements Extrêmes (LEMiRE), Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France; CNRS, UMR 7265, FR CNRS 3098 ECCOREV, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France; Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Wafa Achouak
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, SBVME, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne de la Rhizosphère et d'Environnements Extrêmes (LEMiRE), Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France; CNRS, UMR 7265, FR CNRS 3098 ECCOREV, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France; Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Eric Fourest
- Centre Technique du Papier, BP 251, 38044 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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17
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Lesnik KL, Liu H. Establishing a core microbiome in acetate-fed microbial fuel cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:4187-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5502-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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18
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Ecological roles and biotechnological applications of marine and intertidal microbial biofilms. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 146:163-205. [PMID: 24817086 DOI: 10.1007/10_2014_271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This review is a retrospective of ecological effects of bioactivities produced by biofilms of surface-dwelling marine/intertidal microbes as well as of the industrial and environmental biotechnologies developed exploiting the knowledge of biofilm formation. Some examples of significant interest pertaining to the ecological aspects of biofilm-forming species belonging to the Roseobacter clade include autochthonous bacteria from turbot larvae-rearing units with potential application as a probiotic as well as production of tropodithietic acid and indigoidine. Species of the Pseudoalteromonas genus are important examples of successful surface colonizers through elaboration of the AlpP protein and antimicrobial agents possessing broad-spectrum antagonistic activity against medical and environmental isolates. Further examples of significance comprise antiprotozoan activity of Pseudoalteromonas tunicata elicited by violacein, inhibition of fungal colonization, antifouling activities, inhibition of algal spore germination, and 2-n-pentyl-4-quinolinol production. Nitrous oxide, an important greenhouse gas, emanates from surface-attached microbial activity of marine animals. Marine and intertidal biofilms have been applied in the biotechnological production of violacein, phenylnannolones, and exopolysaccharides from marine and tropical intertidal environments. More examples of importance encompass production of protease, cellulase, and xylanase, melanin, and riboflavin. Antifouling activity of Bacillus sp. and application of anammox bacterial biofilms in bioremediation are described. Marine biofilms have been used as anodes and cathodes in microbial fuel cells. Some of the reaction vessels for biofilm cultivation reviewed are roller bottle, rotating disc bioreactor, polymethylmethacrylate conico-cylindrical flask, fixed bed reactor, artificial microbial mats, packed-bed bioreactors, and the Tanaka photobioreactor.
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Lacroix R, Silva SD, Gaig MV, Rousseau R, Délia ML, Bergel A. Modelling potential/current distribution in microbial electrochemical systems shows how the optimal bioanode architecture depends on electrolyte conductivity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:22892-902. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp02177k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Modeling distribution of electrostatic potential in the a microbial electrolysis cell shows the great dependence of the optimal design on the ionic conductivity of the medium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Monica Viaplana Gaig
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique
- CNRS – Université de Toulouse (INPT)
- 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Raphael Rousseau
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique
- CNRS – Université de Toulouse (INPT)
- 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Line Délia
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique
- CNRS – Université de Toulouse (INPT)
- 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Bergel
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique
- CNRS – Université de Toulouse (INPT)
- 31432 Toulouse, France
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20
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Rimboud M, Pocaznoi D, Erable B, Bergel A. Electroanalysis of microbial anodes for bioelectrochemical systems: basics, progress and perspectives. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:16349-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01698j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Over about the last ten years, microbial anodes have been the subject of a huge number of fundamental studies dealing with an increasing variety of possible application domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Rimboud
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique
- CNRS - Université de Toulouse
- 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - D. Pocaznoi
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique
- CNRS - Université de Toulouse
- 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - B. Erable
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique
- CNRS - Université de Toulouse
- 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - A. Bergel
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique
- CNRS - Université de Toulouse
- 31432 Toulouse, France
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21
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Erable B, Lacroix R, Etcheverry L, Féron D, Delia ML, Bergel A. Marine floating microbial fuel cell involving aerobic biofilm on stainless steel cathodes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 142:510-516. [PMID: 23759434 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Here is presented a new design of a floating marine MFC in which the inter-electrode space is constant. This design allows the generation of stable current for applications in environments where the water column is large or subject to fluctuations such as tidal effects. The operation of the first prototype was validated by running a continuous test campaign for 6months. Performance in terms of electricity generation was already equivalent to what is conventionally reported in the literature with basic benthic MFCs despite the identification of a large internal resistance in the proposed design of the floating system. This high internal resistance is mainly explained by poor positioning of the membrane separating the anode compartment from the open seawater. The future objectives are to achieve more consistent performance and a second-generation prototype is now being developed, mainly incorporating a modification of the separator position and a stainless steel biocathode with a large bioavailable surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Erable
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 4 allée Emile Monso, 31029 Toulouse, France.
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Boghani HC, Kim JR, Dinsdale RM, Guwy AJ, Premier GC. Control of power sourced from a microbial fuel cell reduces its start-up time and increases bioelectrochemical activity. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 140:277-285. [PMID: 23708786 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.04.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 04/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) performance depends on the selective development of an electrogenic biofilm at an electrode. Controlled biofilm enrichment may reduce start-up time and improve subsequent power performance. The anode potential is known to affect start-up and subsequent performance in electrogenic bio-catalytic consortia. Control strategies varying electrical load through gradient based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and transient poised anode potential followed by MPPT are compared to static ohmic loading. Three replicate H-type MFCs were used to investigate start-up strategies: (1) application of an MPPT algorithm preceded by poised-potential at the anode (+0.645 V vs Ag/AgCl); (2) MFC connected to MPPT-only; (3) static external load of 1 kΩ and 500 Ω. Active control showed a significant reduction in start-up time from 42 to 22 days, along with 3.5-fold increase in biocatalytic activity after start-up. Such active control may improve applicability by accelerating start-up and enhancing MFC power and bio-catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh C Boghani
- Sustainable Environment Research Centre (SERC), Faculty of Advanced Technology, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Mid-Glamorgan CF37 1DL, UK.
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Ketep SF, Bergel A, Bertrand M, Achouak W, Fourest E. Lowering the applied potential during successive scratching/re-inoculation improves the performance of microbial anodes for microbial fuel cells. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 127:448-455. [PMID: 23138069 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Microbial anodes were formed under polarisation at -0.2V/SCE on smooth graphite plate electrodes with paper mill effluents. Primary, secondary and tertiary biofilms were formed by a successive scratching and re-inoculation procedure. The secondary and tertiary biofilms formed while decreasing the polarisation potential allowed the anodes to provide current density of 6A/m(2) at -0.4V/SCE. In contrast, applying -0.4V/SCE initially to form the primary biofilms did not lead to the production of current. Consequently, the scratching/re-inoculation procedure combined with progressive lowering of the applied potential revealed an efficient new procedure that gave efficient microbial anodes able to work at low potential. The observed progressive pH drift to alkaline values above 9 explained the open circuit potentials as low as -0.6 V/SCE. The remarkable performance of the electrode at alkaline pH was attributed to the presence of Desulfuromonas acetexigens as the single dominant species in the tertiary microbial anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie F Ketep
- Centre Technique du Papier, 341 Rue de la Papeterie, 38400 Saint Martin d'Hères, France.
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24
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Feng C, Yue X, Li F, Wei C. Bio-current as an indicator for biogenic Fe(II) generation driven by dissimilatory iron reducing bacteria. Biosens Bioelectron 2012; 39:51-6. [PMID: 22794934 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2012.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Microbial reduction of insoluble iron minerals by dissimilatory iron reducing bacteria (DIRB) is an important environment process in the iron biogeochemical cycle. We reported that the bio-current generated from oxidation of organic matter by these bacteria in the presence of iron oxides can be used as an indicator for microbial dissolution of insoluble iron oxides. Bioelectrochemical experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of the specific bacteria and the phase identity of iron oxides on bio-current generation by recording the current response as a result of a poised constant potential. Experimental results indicated that the bio-current generation can be greatly enhanced by iron oxide addition under all the conditions varying in the type of pure culture or iron oxide. The increase in the bio-current was linearly correlated with the increased concentration of biogenic Fe(II) detected either by chemical analysis or cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests. This can be understood based on the proposed mechanism that the Fe(II)/Fe(III) couple functions as the electron mediator shuttling electrons from the microbes to the electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Feng
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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Yates MD, Kiely PD, Call DF, Rismani-Yazdi H, Bibby K, Peccia J, Regan JM, Logan BE. Convergent development of anodic bacterial communities in microbial fuel cells. ISME JOURNAL 2012; 6:2002-13. [PMID: 22572637 PMCID: PMC3475369 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2012.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are often inoculated from a single wastewater source. The extent that the inoculum affects community development or power production is unknown. The stable anodic microbial communities in MFCs were examined using three inocula: a wastewater treatment plant sample known to produce consistent power densities, a second wastewater treatment plant sample, and an anaerobic bog sediment. The bog-inoculated MFCs initially produced higher power densities than the wastewater-inoculated MFCs, but after 20 cycles all MFCs on average converged to similar voltages (470±20 mV) and maximum power densities (590±170 mW m−2). The power output from replicate bog-inoculated MFCs was not significantly different, but one wastewater-inoculated MFC (UAJA3 (UAJA, University Area Joint Authority Wastewater Treatment Plant)) produced substantially less power. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiling showed a stable exoelectrogenic biofilm community in all samples after 11 cycles. After 16 cycles the predominance of Geobacter spp. in anode communities was identified using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries (58±10%), fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) (63±6%) and pyrosequencing (81±4%). While the clone library analysis for the underperforming UAJA3 had a significantly lower percentage of Geobacter spp. sequences (36%), suggesting that a predominance of this microbe was needed for convergent power densities, the lower percentage of this species was not verified by FISH or pyrosequencing analyses. These results show that the predominance of Geobacter spp. in acetate-fed systems was consistent with good MFC performance and independent of the inoculum source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Yates
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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26
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Nercessian O, Parot S, Délia ML, Bergel A, Achouak W. Harvesting electricity with Geobacter bremensis isolated from compost. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34216. [PMID: 22470538 PMCID: PMC3314594 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemically active (EA) biofilms were formed on metallic dimensionally stable anode-type electrode (DSA), embedded in garden compost and polarized at +0.50 V/SCE. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene libraries revealed that biofilms were heavily enriched in Deltaproteobacteria in comparison to control biofilms formed on non-polarized electrodes, which were preferentially composed of Gammaproteobacteria and Firmicutes. Among Deltaproteobacteria, sequences affiliated with Pelobacter and Geobacter genera were identified. A bacterial consortium was cultivated, in which 25 isolates were identified as Geobacter bremensis. Pure cultures of 4 different G. bremensis isolates gave higher current densities (1400 mA/m2 on DSA, 2490 mA/m2 on graphite) than the original multi-species biofilms (in average 300 mA/m2 on DSA) and the G. bremensis DSM type strain (100–300 A/m2 on DSA; 2485 mA/m2 on graphite). FISH analysis confirmed that G. bremensis represented a minor fraction in the original EA biofilm, in which species related to Pelobacter genus were predominant. The Pelobacter type strain did not show EA capacity, which can explain the lower performance of the multi-species biofilms. These results stressed the great interest of extracting and culturing pure EA strains from wild EA biofilms to improve the current density provided by microbial anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Nercessian
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, SBVME, Lab Ecol Microb Rhizosphere and Environ Extrem (LEMiRE), Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- CNRS UMR 7265 and FR CNRS 3098 ECCOREV, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Sandrine Parot
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Toulouse (INPT), Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Line Délia
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Toulouse (INPT), Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Bergel
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Toulouse (INPT), Toulouse, France
| | - Wafa Achouak
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, SBVME, Lab Ecol Microb Rhizosphere and Environ Extrem (LEMiRE), Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- CNRS UMR 7265 and FR CNRS 3098 ECCOREV, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- * E-mail:
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He YR, Xiao X, Li WW, Sheng GP, Yan FF, Yu HQ, Yuan H, Wu LJ. Enhanced electricity production from microbial fuel cells with plasma-modified carbon paper anode. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:9966-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40873b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bombelli P, Zarrouati M, Thorne RJ, Schneider K, Rowden SJL, Ali A, Yunus K, Cameron PJ, Fisher AC, Ian Wilson D, Howe CJ, McCormick AJ. Surface morphology and surface energy of anode materials influence power outputs in a multi-channel mediatorless bio-photovoltaic (BPV) system. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:12221-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp42526b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Erable B, Etcheverry L, Bergel A. From microbial fuel cell (MFC) to microbial electrochemical snorkel (MES): maximizing chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal from wastewater. BIOFOULING 2011; 27:319-326. [PMID: 21409654 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2011.564615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The paper introduces the concept of the microbial electrochemical snorkel (MES), a simplified design of a "short-circuited" microbial fuel cell (MFC). The MES cannot provide current but it is optimized for wastewater treatment. An electrochemically active biofilm (EAB) was grown on graphite felt under constant polarization in an urban wastewater. Controlling the electrode potential and inoculating the bioreactor with a suspension of an established EAB improved the performance and the reproducibility of the anodes. Anodes, colonized by an EAB were tested for the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal from urban wastewater using a variety of bio-electrochemical processes (microbial electrolysis, MFC, MES). The MES technology, as well as a short-circuited MFC, led to a COD removal 57% higher than a 1000 Ω-connected MFC, confirming the potential for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Erable
- Laboratoire de Genie Chimique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universite de Toulouse, 4 allée Emile Monso, Toulouse, France.
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Bretschger O, Osterstock JB, Pinchak WE, Ishii S, Nelson KE. Microbial fuel cells and microbial ecology: applications in ruminant health and production research. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2010; 59:415-27. [PMID: 20024685 PMCID: PMC2855437 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-009-9623-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2009] [Accepted: 11/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) systems employ the catalytic activity of microbes to produce electricity from the oxidation of organic, and in some cases inorganic, substrates. MFC systems have been primarily explored for their use in bioremediation and bioenergy applications; however, these systems also offer a unique strategy for the cultivation of synergistic microbial communities. It has been hypothesized that the mechanism(s) of microbial electron transfer that enable electricity production in MFCs may be a cooperative strategy within mixed microbial consortia that is associated with, or is an alternative to, interspecies hydrogen (H(2)) transfer. Microbial fermentation processes and methanogenesis in ruminant animals are highly dependent on the consumption and production of H(2)in the rumen. Given the crucial role that H(2) plays in ruminant digestion, it is desirable to understand the microbial relationships that control H(2) partial pressures within the rumen; MFCs may serve as unique tools for studying this complex ecological system. Further, MFC systems offer a novel approach to studying biofilms that form under different redox conditions and may be applied to achieve a greater understanding of how microbial biofilms impact animal health. Here, we present a brief summary of the efforts made towards understanding rumen microbial ecology, microbial biofilms related to animal health, and how MFCs may be further applied in ruminant research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orianna Bretschger
- J. Craig Venter Institute, 10355 Science Center Dr., San Diego, CA 92121 USA
| | | | | | - Shun’ichi Ishii
- J. Craig Venter Institute, 10355 Science Center Dr., San Diego, CA 92121 USA
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Combining phosphate species and stainless steel cathode to enhance hydrogen evolution in microbial electrolysis cell (MEC). Electrochem commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2009.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Erable B, Duţeanu NM, Ghangrekar M, Dumas C, Scott K. Application of electro-active biofilms. BIOFOULING 2010; 26:57-71. [PMID: 20390557 DOI: 10.1080/08927010903161281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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