1
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Kwasigroch B, Khuu T, Perez EH, Denton JK, Schneider EK, Straßner A, Theisen M, Kruppa SV, Weis P, Kappes MM, Riehn C, Johnson MA, Niedner-Schatteburg G. On the Hydrogen Oxalate Binding Motifs onto Dinuclear Cu and Ag Metal Phosphine Complexes. Chemistry 2021; 27:15136-15146. [PMID: 34632659 PMCID: PMC8597048 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We report the binding geometries of the isomers that are formed when the hydrogen oxalate ((CO2)2H=HOx) anion attaches to dinuclear coinage metal phosphine complexes of the form [M1M2dcpm2(HOx)]+ with M=Cu, Ag and dcpm=bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)methane, abbreviated [MM]+. These structures are established by comparison of isomer‐selective experimental vibrational band patterns displayed by the cryogenically cooled and N2‐tagged cations with DFT calculations of the predicted spectra for various local minima. Two isomeric classes are identified that feature either attachment of the carboxylate oxygen atoms to the two metal centers (end‐on docking) or attachment of oxygen atoms on different carbon atoms asymmetrically to the metal ions (side‐on docking). Within each class, there are additional isomeric variations according to the orientation of the OH group. This behavior indicates that HOx undergoes strong and directional coordination to [CuCu]+ but adopts a more flexible coordination to [AgAg]+. Infrared spectra of the bare ions, fragmentation thresholds and ion mobility measurements are reported to explore the behaviors of the complexes at ambient temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Kwasigroch
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK), Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 52, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Thien Khuu
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, 225 Prospect Str., New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Evan H Perez
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, 225 Prospect Str., New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Joanna K Denton
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, 225 Prospect Str., New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Erik K Schneider
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber Weg 2, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Annika Straßner
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK), Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 52, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Marvin Theisen
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK), Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 52, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Sebastian V Kruppa
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK), Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 52, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Patrick Weis
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber Weg 2, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Manfred M Kappes
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber Weg 2, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute for Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christoph Riehn
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK), Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 52, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.,Research Center OPTIMAS, Erwin-Schrödinger Str. 46, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Mark A Johnson
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, 225 Prospect Str., New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Gereon Niedner-Schatteburg
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK), Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 52, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.,Research Center OPTIMAS, Erwin-Schrödinger Str. 46, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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2
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Rodriguez GM, Zaccaria F, Van Dijk S, Zuccaccia C, Macchioni A. Substituent Effects on the Activity of Cp*Ir(pyridine-carboxylate) Water Oxidation Catalysts: Which Ligand Fragments Remain Coordinated to the Active Ir Centers? Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Menendez Rodriguez
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie and CIRCC, Università; Degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elceo di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Zaccaria
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie and CIRCC, Università; Degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elceo di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Sybren Van Dijk
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie and CIRCC, Università; Degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elceo di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Cristiano Zuccaccia
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie and CIRCC, Università; Degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elceo di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Alceo Macchioni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie and CIRCC, Università; Degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elceo di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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3
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Gatto G, De Palo A, Carrasco AC, Pizarro AM, Zacchini S, Pampaloni G, Marchetti F, Macchioni A. Modulating the water oxidation catalytic activity of iridium complexes by functionalizing the Cp*-ancillary ligand: hints on the nature of the active species. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy02306j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A comparative study on the behavior of a series of iridium dimeric WOCs with modified Cp* ligands reveals the key role played by the variable substituent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giordano Gatto
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology and CIRCC
- University of Perugia
- 06123 Perugia
- Italy
| | - Alice De Palo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale University of Pisa
- 56124 Pisa
- Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Zacchini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università di Bologna
- 40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Guido Pampaloni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale University of Pisa
- 56124 Pisa
- Italy
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale University of Pisa
- 56124 Pisa
- Italy
| | - Alceo Macchioni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology and CIRCC
- University of Perugia
- 06123 Perugia
- Italy
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4
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Domestici C, Tensi L, Boccalon E, Zaccaria F, Costantino F, Zuccaccia C, Macchioni A. Molecular and Heterogenized Cp*Ir Water Oxidation Catalysts Bearing Glyphosate and Glyphosine as Ancillary and Anchoring Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202001003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Domestici
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology University of Perugia and CIRCC Via Elce di Sotto, 8 06123 Perugia Italy
| | - Leonardo Tensi
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology University of Perugia and CIRCC Via Elce di Sotto, 8 06123 Perugia Italy
| | - Elisa Boccalon
- Department of Industrial Engineering University of Salerno Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
| | - Francesco Zaccaria
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology University of Perugia and CIRCC Via Elce di Sotto, 8 06123 Perugia Italy
| | - Ferdinando Costantino
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology University of Perugia and CIRCC Via Elce di Sotto, 8 06123 Perugia Italy
| | - Cristiano Zuccaccia
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology University of Perugia and CIRCC Via Elce di Sotto, 8 06123 Perugia Italy
| | - Alceo Macchioni
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology University of Perugia and CIRCC Via Elce di Sotto, 8 06123 Perugia Italy
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5
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Zeng HJ, Khuu T, Chambreau SD, Boatz JA, Vaghjiani GL, Johnson MA. Ionic Liquid Clusters Generated from Electrospray Thrusters: Cold Ion Spectroscopic Signatures of Size-Dependent Acid-Base Interactions. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:10507-10516. [PMID: 33284621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c07595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We determine the intramolecular distortions at play in the 2-hydroxyethylhydrazinium nitrate (HEHN) ionic liquid (IL) propellant, which presents the interesting case that the HEH+ cation has multiple sites (i.e., hydroxy, primary amine, and secondary ammonium groups) available for H-bonding with the nitrate anion. These interactions are quantified by analyzing the vibrational band patterns displayed by cold cationic clusters, (HEH+)n(NO3-)n-1, n = 2-6, which are obtained using IR photodissociation of the cryogenically cooled, mass-selected ions. The strong interaction involving partial proton transfer of the acidic N-H proton in HEH+ cation to the nitrate anion is strongly enhanced in the ternary n = 2 cluster but is suppressed with increasing cluster size. The cluster spectra recover the bands displayed by the bulk liquid by n = 5, thus establishing the minimum domain required to capture this aspect of macroscopic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen J Zeng
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Thien Khuu
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Steven D Chambreau
- Jacobs Technology, Inc., Air Force Research Laboratory, AFRL/RQRP, Edwards Air Force Base, California 93524, United States
| | - Jerry A Boatz
- Propellants Branch, Rocket Propulsion Division, Aerospace Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, AFRL/RQRP, Edwards Air Force Base, California 93524, United States
| | - Ghanshyam L Vaghjiani
- In-Space Propulsion Branch, Rocket Propulsion Division, Aerospace Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, AFRL/RQRP, Edwards Air Force Base, California 93524, United States
| | - Mark A Johnson
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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6
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Perez EH, Menges FS, Cattaneo M, Mayer JM, Johnson MA. Characterization of the non-covalent docking motif in the isolated reactant complex of a double proton-coupled electron transfer reaction with cryogenic ion spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:234309. [PMID: 32571036 PMCID: PMC7304996 DOI: 10.1063/5.0012176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The solution kinetics of a proton-coupled electron transfer reaction involving two-electron oxidation of a Ru compound with concomitant transfer of two protons to a quinone derivative have been interpreted to indicate the formation of a long-lived intermediate between the reactants. We characterize the ionic reactants, products, and an entrance channel reaction complex in the gas phase using high-resolution mass spectrometry augmented by cryogenic ion IR photodissociation spectroscopy. Collisional activation of this trapped entrance channel complex does not drive the reaction to products but rather yields dissociation back to reactants. Electronic structure calculations indicate that there are four low-lying isomeric forms of the non-covalently bound complex. Comparison of their predicted vibrational spectra with the observed band pattern indicates that the C=O groups of the ortho-quinone attach to protons on two different -NH2 groups of the reactant scaffold, exhibiting strong O-H-N contact motifs. Since collisional activation does not lead to the products observed in the liquid phase, these results indicate that the reaction most likely proceeds through reorientation of the H-atom donor ligand about the metal center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan H. Perez
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Fabian S. Menges
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Mauricio Cattaneo
- INQUINOA-CONICET, Instituto de Química Física, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, T4000INI San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - James M. Mayer
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Mark A. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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7
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van Dijk B, Rodriguez GM, Wu L, Hofmann JP, Macchioni A, Hetterscheid DGH. The Influence of the Ligand in the Iridium Mediated Electrocatalyic Water Oxidation. ACS Catal 2020; 10:4398-4410. [PMID: 32280560 PMCID: PMC7137537 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Electrochemical
water oxidation is the bottleneck of electrolyzers
as even the best catalysts, iridium and ruthenium oxides, have to
operate at significant overpotentials. Previously, the position of
a hydroxyl on a series of hydroxylpicolinate ligands was found to
significantly influence the activity of molecular iridium catalysts
in sacrificial oxidant driven water oxidation. In this study, these
catalysts were tested under electrochemical conditions and benchmarked
to several other known molecular iridium catalysts under the exact
same conditions. This allowed us to compare these catalysts directly
and observe whether structure–activity relationships would
prevail under electrochemical conditions. Using both electrochemical
quartz crystal microbalance experiments and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,
we found that all studied iridium complexes form an iridium deposit
on the electrode with binding energies ranging from 62.4 to 62.7 eV
for the major Ir 4f7/2 species. These do not match the
binding energies found for the parent complexes, which have a broader
binding energy range from 61.7 to 62.7 eV and show a clear relationship
to the electronegativity induced by the ligands. Moreover, all catalysts
performed the electrochemical water oxidation in the same order of
magnitude as the maximum currents ranged from 0.2 to 0.6 mA cm–2 once more without clear structure–activity
relationships. In addition, by employing 1H NMR spectroscopy
we found evidence for Cp* breakdown products such as acetate. Electrodeposited
iridium oxide from ligand free [Ir(OH)6]2– or a colloidal iridium oxide nanoparticles solution produces currents
almost 2 orders of magnitude higher with a maximum current of 11 mA
cm–2. Also, this deposited material contains, apart
from an Ir 4f7/2 species at 62.4 eV, an Ir species at 63.6
eV, which is not observed for any deposit formed by the molecular
complexes. Thus, the electrodeposited material of the complexes cannot
be directly linked to bulk iridium oxide. Small IrOx clusters
containing few Ir atoms with partially incorporated ligand residues
are the most likely option for the catalytically active electrodeposit.
Our results emphasize that structure–activity relationships
obtained with sacrificial oxidants do not necessarily translate to
electrochemical conditions. Furthermore, other factors, such as electrodeposition
and catalyst degradation, play a major role in the electrochemically
driven water oxidation and should thus be considered when optimizing
molecular catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas van Dijk
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriel Menendez Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology and CIRCC, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Longfei Wu
- Laboratory for Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jan P. Hofmann
- Laboratory for Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Alceo Macchioni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology and CIRCC, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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8
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Olivares M, van der Ham CJM, Mdluli V, Schmidtendorf M, Müller‐Bunz H, Verhoeven TWGM, Li M, Niemantsverdriet JW(H, Hetterscheid DGH, Bernhard S, Albrecht M. Relevance of Chemical vs. Electrochemical Oxidation of Tunable Carbene Iridium Complexes for Catalytic Water Oxidation. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Olivares
- Departement für Chemie und Biochemie Universität Bern Freiestrasse 3, CH ‐3012 Bern Switzerland
- School of Chemistry University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
| | | | - Velabo Mdluli
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University 15213 Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | | | - Helge Müller‐Bunz
- School of Chemistry University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Tiny W. G. M. Verhoeven
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Mo Li
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University 15213 Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | | | | | - Stefan Bernhard
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University 15213 Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Departement für Chemie und Biochemie Universität Bern Freiestrasse 3, CH ‐3012 Bern Switzerland
- School of Chemistry University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
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9
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Zhang H, Qiao L, Wang W, He J, Yu K, Yang M, You H, Jiang J. Nebulization prior to ionization for mechanistic studies of chemical reactions. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1107:107-112. [PMID: 32200884 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Many important chemical transformations proceed by way of ionic and/or neutral intermediates. Great effort has been expended to understand the mechanism, with only minimum attention given to separate associated ionic and neutral intermediates. Herein, we present a nebulization method followed by on-line ionization to isolate and characterize the ionic and neutral intermediates. The separation of nebulization and ionization and electrical deflection of ionic species guarantee that only neutrals undergo the subsequent on-line ionization. We present data that show the formation of neutral intermediates and iminium ions with short lifetime in Eschweiler-Clarke methylation of di-n-butylamine, as well as data that provide evidence for the formation of carbocation and its isomer lactone products resulting from copper-mediated oxidative cyclization of 4-phenylbutyric acid. Experiments in which dissociation behavior of these two isomers varied at the same collision energy confirmed the carbocation during the cyclization. The nature of this process, which online isolates the ionic and neutral intermediates prior to ionization, greatly advances in mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Lina Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jing He
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Kai Yu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Miao Yang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Hong You
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
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10
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Balcells D, Clot E, Macgregor SA, Maseras F, Perrin L. A Career in Catalysis: Odile Eisenstein. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Balcells
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O.
Box 1033, Blindern, Oslo 0315, Norway
| | - Eric Clot
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Stuart A. Macgregor
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Lionel Perrin
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, INSA Lyon, ICBMS, CNRS UMR 5246, Equipe ITEMM, Bât Lederer, 1 rue V, Grignard, 69622 Villeurbanne France
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11
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Corbucci I, Zaccaria F, Heath R, Gatto G, Zuccaccia C, Albrecht M, Macchioni A. Iridium Water Oxidation Catalysts Based on Pyridine‐Carbene Alkyl‐Substituted Ligands. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Corbucci
- Department of Chemistry Biology and BiotechnologyUniversità di Perugia and CIRCC Perugia I-06123 Italy
| | - Francesco Zaccaria
- Department of Chemistry Biology and BiotechnologyUniversità di Perugia and CIRCC Perugia I-06123 Italy
| | - Rachel Heath
- Department für Chemie und BiochemieUniversität Bern Bern CH-3012 Switzerland
| | - Giordano Gatto
- Department of Chemistry Biology and BiotechnologyUniversità di Perugia and CIRCC Perugia I-06123 Italy
| | - Cristiano Zuccaccia
- Department of Chemistry Biology and BiotechnologyUniversità di Perugia and CIRCC Perugia I-06123 Italy
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Department für Chemie und BiochemieUniversität Bern Bern CH-3012 Switzerland
| | - Alceo Macchioni
- Department of Chemistry Biology and BiotechnologyUniversità di Perugia and CIRCC Perugia I-06123 Italy
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12
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Wright AM, Pahls DR, Gary JB, Warner T, Williams JZ, M Knapp SM, Allen KE, Landis CR, Cundari TR, Goldberg KI. Experimental and Computational Investigation of the Aerobic Oxidation of a Late Transition Metal-Hydride. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:10830-10843. [PMID: 31259542 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b04706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The rational development of homogeneous catalytic systems for selective aerobic oxidations of organics has been hampered by the limited available knowledge of how oxygen reacts with important organometallic intermediates. Recently, several mechanisms for oxygen insertion into late transition metal-hydride bonds have been described. Contributing to this nascent understanding of how oxygen reacts with metal-hydrides, a detailed mechanistic study of the reaction of oxygen with the IrIII hydride complex (dmPhebox)Ir(OAc)(H) (1) in the presence of acetic acid, which proceeds to form the IrIII complex (dmPhebox)Ir(OAc)2(OH2) (2), is described. The evidence supports a multifaceted mechanism wherein a small amount of an initially formed metal hydroperoxide proceeds to generate a metal-oxyl species that then initiates a radical chain reaction to rapidly convert the remaining IrIII-H. Insight into the initiation step was gained through kinetic and mechanistic studies of the radical chain inhibition by BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene). Computational studies were employed to contribute to a further understanding of initiation and propagation in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Wright
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States
| | - Dale R Pahls
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM) , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle, #305070 , Denton , Texas 76203-5017 , United States
| | - J Brannon Gary
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM) , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle, #305070 , Denton , Texas 76203-5017 , United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Stephen F. Austin State University , P.O. Box 13006, SFA Station , Nacogdoches , Texas 75962-3006 , United States
| | - Theresa Warner
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM) , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle, #305070 , Denton , Texas 76203-5017 , United States
| | - Jacob Z Williams
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM) , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle, #305070 , Denton , Texas 76203-5017 , United States
| | - Spring Melody M Knapp
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53719 , United States
| | - Kate E Allen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States
| | - Clark R Landis
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53719 , United States
| | - Thomas R Cundari
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM) , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle, #305070 , Denton , Texas 76203-5017 , United States
| | - Karen I Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
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13
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Schwarz H, Asmis KR. Identification of Active Sites and Structural Characterization of Reactive Ionic Intermediates by Cryogenic Ion Trap Vibrational Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2019; 25:2112-2126. [PMID: 30623993 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cryogenic ion trap vibrational spectroscopy paired with quantum chemistry currently represents the most generally applicable approach for the structural investigation of gaseous cluster ions that are not amenable to direct absorption spectroscopy. Here, we give an overview of the most popular variants of infrared action spectroscopy and describe the advantages of using cryogenic ion traps in combination with messenger tagging and vibrational predissociation spectroscopy. We then highlight a few recent studies that apply this technique to identify highly reactive ionic intermediates and to characterize their reactive sites. We conclude by commenting on future challenges and potential developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Schwarz
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut R Asmis
- Wilhelm-Ostwald Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 2, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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14
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Sackville EV, Marken F, Hintermair U. Electrochemical and Kinetic Insights into Molecular Water Oxidation Catalysts Derived from Cp*Ir(pyridine-alkoxide) Complexes. ChemCatChem 2018; 10:4280-4291. [PMID: 31007774 PMCID: PMC6470865 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201800916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the solution-phase electrochemistry of seven half-sandwich iridium(III) complexes with varying pyridine-alkoxide ligands to quantify electronic ligand effects that translate to their activity in catalytic water oxidation. Our results unify some previously reported electrochemical data of Cp*Ir complexes by showing how the solution speciation determines the electrochemical response: cationic complexes show over 1 V higher redox potentials that their neutral forms in a distinct demonstration of charge accumulation effects relevant to water oxidation. Building on previous work that analysed the activation behaviour of our pyalk-ligated Cp*Ir complexes 1-7, we assess their catalytic oxygen evolution activity with sodium periodate (NaIO4) and ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) in water and aqueous tBuOH solution. Mechanistic studies including H/D kinetic isotope effects and reaction progress kinetic analysis (RPKA) of oxygen evolution point to a dimer-monomer equilibrium of the IrIV resting state preceding a proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) in the turnover-limiting step (TLS). Finally, true electrochemically driven water oxidation is demonstrated for all catalysts, revealing surprising trends in activity that do not correlate with those obtained using chemical oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma V. Sackville
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical TechnologiesUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUnited Kingdom
| | - Frank Marken
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUnited Kingdom
| | - Ulrich Hintermair
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical TechnologiesUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUnited Kingdom
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15
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Revisiting O–O Bond Formation through Outer‐Sphere Water Molecules versus Bimolecular Mechanisms in Water‐Oxidation Catalysis (WOC) by Cp*Ir Based Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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16
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Keum C, Lee SY. Iridium-Coordinated Histidyl Bolaamphiphile Self-Assemblies as Heterogeneous Catalysts for Water Oxidation. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:2569-2578. [PMID: 29873890 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201800461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Catalysts that can promote oxygen evolution from water are necessary for green energy production. In this study, colloidal heterogeneous catalysts for oxygen evolution were prepared by coordination of Ir species to self-assemblies of histidyl bolaamphiphiles. When dissolved in water, the histidyl bolaamphiphiles self-assembled to form particulate structures with the exposure of densely packed histidine imidazoles on their surface. Subsequent coordination of the Ir species to the bolaamphiphile assembly gave rise to catalytic activity toward the oxygen evolution reaction. The oxygen evolution was examined by using the catalytic assemblies in the presence of a sacrificial oxidant, cerium ammonium nitrate. The Ir-coordinated assemblies showed a turnover frequency of 13 min-1 , which was comparable to those previously reported for molecular water oxidation catalysts. The catalytic activity increased with increasing histidine imidazole/Ir molar ratio, which suggested that multiple coordination of Ir to imidazoles facilitated the formation of active Ir intermediates. This study demonstrates the feasibility of constructing catalytically active interfaces from colloidal bolaamphiphile assemblies with biochemical ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjoon Keum
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Sang-Yup Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
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17
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Yan X, Bain RM, Cooks RG. Organic Reactions in Microdroplets: Reaction Acceleration Revealed by Mass Spectrometry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 55:12960-12972. [PMID: 27530279 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The striking finding that reaction acceleration occurs in confined-volume solutions sets up an apparent conundrum: Microdroplets formed by spray ionization can be used to monitor the course of bulk-phase reactions and also to accelerate reactions between the reagents in such a reaction. This Minireview introduces droplet and thin-film acceleration phenomena and summarizes recent methods applied to study accelerated reactions in confined-volume, high-surface-area solutions. Conditions that dictate either simple monitoring or acceleration are reconciled in the occurrence of discontinuous and complete desolvation as the endpoint of droplet evolution. The contrasting features of microdroplet and bulk-solution reactions are described together with possible mechanisms that drive reaction acceleration in microdroplets. Current applications of droplet microreactors are noted as is reaction acceleration in confined volumes and possible future scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Ryan M Bain
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - R Graham Cooks
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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18
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Sathyamoorthi S, Lai YH, Bain RM, Zare RN. Mechanistic Analysis of the C–H Amination Reaction of Menthol by CuBr2 and Selectfluor. J Org Chem 2018; 83:5681-5687. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Sathyamoorthi
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yin-Hung Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ryan M. Bain
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Richard N. Zare
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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19
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Bucci A, Dunn S, Bellachioma G, Menendez Rodriguez G, Zuccaccia C, Nervi C, Macchioni A. A Single Organoiridium Complex Generating Highly Active Catalysts for both Water Oxidation and NAD+/NADH Transformations. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Bucci
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia and CIRCC, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Savannah Dunn
- Department
of Chemistry, Longwood University, 201 High Street, Farmville, Virginia 23901, United States
| | - Gianfranco Bellachioma
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia and CIRCC, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Gabriel Menendez Rodriguez
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia and CIRCC, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Cristiano Zuccaccia
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia and CIRCC, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Carlo Nervi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Alceo Macchioni
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia and CIRCC, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg
2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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20
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Sackville EV, Kociok-Köhn G, Hintermair U. Ligand Tuning in Pyridine-Alkoxide Ligated Cp*IrIII Oxidation Catalysts. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma V. Sackville
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriele Kociok-Köhn
- Chemical
Characterisation and Analysis Facility, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrich Hintermair
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, United Kingdom
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21
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DeBlase AF, Harrilal CP, Lawler JT, Burke NL, McLuckey SA, Zwier TS. Conformation-Specific Infrared and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Cold [YAPAA+H]+ and [YGPAA+H]+ Ions: A Stereochemical “Twist” on the β-Hairpin Turn. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:5481-5493. [PMID: 28353347 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b01315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F. DeBlase
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Christopher P. Harrilal
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - John T. Lawler
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Nicole L. Burke
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Scott A. McLuckey
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Timothy S. Zwier
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
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22
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Chen C, Bloomfield AJ, Sheehan SW. Selective Electrochemical Oxidation of Lactic Acid Using Iridium-Based Catalysts. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b05073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Chen
- Catalytic Innovations, 151 Martine Street, Fall
River, Massachusetts 02723, United States
| | - Aaron J. Bloomfield
- Catalytic Innovations, 151 Martine Street, Fall
River, Massachusetts 02723, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Stafford W. Sheehan
- Catalytic Innovations, 151 Martine Street, Fall
River, Massachusetts 02723, United States
- Waste Hub, 11 Broadcommon Road, Suite 341, Bristol, Rhode Island 02809, United States
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23
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Andris E, Navrátil R, Jašík J, Terencio T, Srnec M, Costas M, Roithová J. Chasing the Evasive Fe═O Stretch and the Spin State of the Iron(IV)-Oxo Complexes by Photodissociation Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:2757-2765. [PMID: 28125220 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the application of infrared photodissocation spectroscopy for determination of the Fe═O stretching frequencies of high-valent iron(IV)-oxo complexes [(L)Fe(O)(X)]2+/+ (L = TMC, N4Py, PyTACN, and X = CH3CN, CF3SO3, ClO4, CF3COO, NO3, N3). We show that the values determined by resonance Raman spectroscopy in acetonitrile solutions are on average 9 cm-1 red-shifted with respect to unbiased gas-phase values. Furthermore, we show the assignment of the spin state of the complexes based on the vibrational modes of a coordinated anion and compare reactivities of various iron(IV)-oxo complexes generated as dications or monocations (bearing an anionic ligand). The coordinated anions can drastically affect the reactivity of the complex and should be taken into account when comparing reactivities of complexes bearing different ligands. Comparison of reactivities of [(PyTACN)Fe(O)(X)]+ generated in different spin states and bearing different anionic ligands X revealed that the nature of anion influences the reactivity more than the spin state. The triflate and perchlorate ligands tend to stabilize the quintet state of [(PyTACN)Fe(O)(X)]+, whereas trifluoroacetate and nitrate stabilize the triplet state of the complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Andris
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University , Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Rafael Navrátil
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University , Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Jašík
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University , Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Thibault Terencio
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University , Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Srnec
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the CAS , v.v i., Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Miquel Costas
- Departament de Quimica and Institute of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis (IQCC), University of Girona , Campus Montilivi, Girona 17071, Spain
| | - Jana Roithová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University , Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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24
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Melko JJ, Ard SG, Lê T, Miller GS, Martinez O, Shuman NS, Viggiano AA. Determining Rate Constants and Mechanisms for Sequential Reactions of Fe + with Ozone at 500 K. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:24-30. [PMID: 27996263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b08971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present rate constants and product branching ratios for the reactions of FeOx+ (x = 0-4) with ozone at 500 K. Fe+ is observed to react with ozone at the collision rate to produce FeO+ + O2. The FeO+ in turn reacts with ozone at the collision rate to yield both Fe+ and FeO2+ product channels. Ions up to FeO4+ display similar reactivity patterns. Three-body clustering reactions with O2 prevent us from measuring accurate rate constants at 300 K although the data do suggest that the efficiency is also high. Therefore, it is probable that little to no temperature dependence exists over this range. Implications of our measurements to the regulation of atmospheric iron and ozone are discussed. Density functional calculations on the reaction of Fe+ with ozone show no substantial kinetic barriers to make the FeO+ + O2 product channel, which is consistent with the reaction's efficiency. While a pathway to make FeO2+ + O is also found to be barrierless, our experiments indicate no primary FeO2+ formation for this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Melko
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Florida , 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, United States
| | - Shaun G Ard
- Space Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory , Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117-5776, United States
| | - Trí Lê
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Florida , 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, United States
| | - Gregory S Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Florida , 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, United States
| | - Oscar Martinez
- Space Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory , Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117-5776, United States
| | - Nicholas S Shuman
- Space Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory , Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117-5776, United States
| | - Albert A Viggiano
- Space Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory , Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117-5776, United States
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25
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Yan X, Bain RM, Cooks RG. Organische Reaktionen in Mikrotröpfchen: Analyse von Reaktionsbeschleunigungen durch Massenspektrometrie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yan
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Ryan M. Bain
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - R. Graham Cooks
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
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26
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Talbot JJ, Cheng X, Herr JD, Steele RP. Vibrational Signatures of Electronic Properties in Oxidized Water: Unraveling the Anomalous Spectrum of the Water Dimer Cation. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:11936-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b07182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin J. Talbot
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
- Henry
Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Xiaolu Cheng
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
- Henry
Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Jonathan D. Herr
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
- Henry
Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Ryan P. Steele
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
- Henry
Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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27
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Bloomfield AJ, Matula AJ, Mercado BQ, Batista VS, Crabtree RH. Organometallic Iridium Complex Containing a Dianionic, Tridentate, Mixed Organic–Inorganic Ligand. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:8121-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. Bloomfield
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Adam J. Matula
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Brandon Q. Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Victor S. Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Robert H. Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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28
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Koelewijn JM, Lutz M, Dzik WI, Detz RJ, Reek JNH. Reaction Progress Kinetic Analysis as a Tool To Reveal Ligand Effects in Ce(IV)-Driven IrCp*-Catalyzed Water Oxidation. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacobus M. Koelewijn
- Van
‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal and Structural
Chemistry Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Wojciech I. Dzik
- Van
‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Remko J. Detz
- Van
‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joost N. H. Reek
- Van
‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
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29
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Škríba A, Jašík J, Andris E, Roithová J. Interaction of Ruthenium(II) with Terminal Alkynes: Benchmarking DFT Methods with Spectroscopic Data. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Škríba
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Jašík
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Erik Andris
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Roithová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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30
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Roithová J, Gray A, Andris E, Jašík J, Gerlich D. Helium Tagging Infrared Photodissociation Spectroscopy of Reactive Ions. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:223-30. [PMID: 26821086 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The interrogation of reaction intermediates is key for understanding chemical reactions; however their direct observation and study remains a considerable challenge. Mass spectrometry is one of the most sensitive analytical techniques, and its use to study reaction mixtures is now an established practice. However, the information that can be obtained is limited to elemental analysis and possibly to fragmentation behavior, which is often challenging to analyze. In order to extend the available experimental information, different types of spectroscopy in the infrared and visible region have been combined with mass spectrometry. Spectroscopy of mass selected ions usually utilizes the powerful sensitivity of mass spectrometers, and the absorption of photons is not detected as such but rather translated to mass changes. One approach to accomplish such spectroscopy involves loosely binding a tag to an ion that will be removed by absorption of one photon. We have constructed an ion trapping instrument capable of reaching temperatures that are sufficiently low to enable tagging by helium atoms in situ, thus permitting infrared photodissociation spectroscopy (IRPD) to be carried out. While tagging by larger rare gas atoms, such as neon or argon is also possible, these may cause significant structural changes to small and reactive species, making the use of helium highly beneficial. We discuss the "innocence" of helium as a tag in ion spectroscopy using several case studies. It is shown that helium tagging is effectively innocent when used with benzene dications, not interfering with their structure or IRPD spectrum. We have also provided a case study where we can see that despite its minimal size there are systems where He has a huge effect. A strong influence of the He tagging was shown in the IRPD spectra of HCCl(2+) where large spectral shifts were observed. While the presented systems are rather small, they involve the formation of mixtures of isomers. We have therefore implemented two-color experiments where one laser is employed to selectively deplete a mixture by one (or more) isomer allowing helium tagging IRPD spectra of the remaining isomer(s) to be recorded via the second laser. Our experimental setup, based on a linear wire quadrupole ion trap, allows us to deplete almost 100% of all helium tagged ions in the trap. Using this special feature, we have developed attenuation experiments for determination of absolute photofragmentation cross sections. At the same time, this approach can be used to estimate the representation of isomers in a mixture. The ultimate aim is the routine use of this instrument and technique to study a wide range of reaction intermediates in catalysis. To this end, we present a study of hypervalent iron(IV)-oxo complexes ([(L)Fe(O)(NO3)](+)). We show that we can spectroscopically differentiate iron complexes with S = 1 and S = 2 according to the stretching vibrations of a nitrate counterion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Roithová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, Prague 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew Gray
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, Prague 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Erik Andris
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, Prague 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Jašík
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, Prague 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Dieter Gerlich
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, Prague 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
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31
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Menges FS, Craig SM, Tötsch N, Bloomfield A, Ghosh S, Krüger HJ, Johnson MA. Capture of CO2
by a Cationic Nickel(I) Complex in the Gas Phase and Characterization of the Bound, Activated CO2
Molecule by Cryogenic Ion Vibrational Predissociation Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian S. Menges
- Department of Chemistry; Yale University; 225 Prospect St. New Haven CT 06511 USA
| | - Stephanie M. Craig
- Department of Chemistry; Yale University; 225 Prospect St. New Haven CT 06511 USA
| | - Niklas Tötsch
- Department of Chemistry; Yale University; 225 Prospect St. New Haven CT 06511 USA
| | - Aaron Bloomfield
- Department of Chemistry; Yale University; 225 Prospect St. New Haven CT 06511 USA
| | - Subrata Ghosh
- Fachbereich Chemie; Technische Universität Kaiserslautern; Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Krüger
- Fachbereich Chemie; Technische Universität Kaiserslautern; Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Mark A. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry; Yale University; 225 Prospect St. New Haven CT 06511 USA
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32
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Menges FS, Craig SM, Tötsch N, Bloomfield A, Ghosh S, Krüger HJ, Johnson MA. Capture of CO2
by a Cationic Nickel(I) Complex in the Gas Phase and Characterization of the Bound, Activated CO2
Molecule by Cryogenic Ion Vibrational Predissociation Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:1282-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian S. Menges
- Department of Chemistry; Yale University; 225 Prospect St. New Haven CT 06511 USA
| | - Stephanie M. Craig
- Department of Chemistry; Yale University; 225 Prospect St. New Haven CT 06511 USA
| | - Niklas Tötsch
- Department of Chemistry; Yale University; 225 Prospect St. New Haven CT 06511 USA
| | - Aaron Bloomfield
- Department of Chemistry; Yale University; 225 Prospect St. New Haven CT 06511 USA
| | - Subrata Ghosh
- Fachbereich Chemie; Technische Universität Kaiserslautern; Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Krüger
- Fachbereich Chemie; Technische Universität Kaiserslautern; Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Mark A. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry; Yale University; 225 Prospect St. New Haven CT 06511 USA
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Murai T, Nagaya E, Shibahara F, Maruyama T, Nakazawa H. Rhodium(I) and iridium(I) imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine-1-ylalkylalkoxy complexes: Synthesis, characterization and application as catalysts for hydrosilylation of alkynes. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ingram AJ, Boeser CL, Zare RN. Going beyond electrospray: mass spectrometric studies of chemical reactions in and on liquids. Chem Sci 2015; 7:39-55. [PMID: 28757996 PMCID: PMC5508663 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02740c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently developed and applied ionization techniques have brought mass spectrometry to bear on previously inaccessible chemistry. We offer our perspective on this field and its application for studying reaction mechanisms.
There has been a burst in the number and variety of available ionization techniques to use mass spectrometry to monitor chemical reactions in and on liquids. Chemists have gained the capability to access chemistry at unprecedented timescales, and monitor reactions and detect intermediates under almost any set of conditions. Herein, recently developed ionization techniques that facilitate mechanistic studies of chemical processes are reviewed. This is followed by a discussion of our perspective on the judicious application of these and similar techniques in order to study reaction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Ingram
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , CA 94305 , USA .
| | | | - Richard N Zare
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , CA 94305 , USA .
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35
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Turlington CR, White PS, Brookhart M, Templeton JL. Half-sandwich Rh(Cp*) and Ir(Cp*) complexes with oxygen atom transfer reagents as ligands. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Peters KC, Comi TJ, Perry RH. Multistage Reactive Transmission-Mode Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2015; 26:1494-1501. [PMID: 26091888 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-015-1171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating reaction mechanisms is important for advancing many areas of science such as catalyst development. It is often difficult to probe fast reactions at ambient conditions with high temporal resolution. In addition, systems involving reagents that cross-react require analytical methods that can minimize interaction time and specify their order of introduction into the reacting system. Here, we explore the utility of transmission mode desorption electrospray ionization (TM-DESI) for reaction monitoring by directing a microdroplet spray towards a series of meshes with micrometer-sized openings coated with reagents, an approach we call multistage reactive TM-DESI (TM (n) -DESI, where n refers to the number of meshes; n = 2 in this report). Various stages of the reaction are initiated at each mesh surface, generating intermediates and products in microdroplet reaction vessels traveling towards the mass spectrometer. Using this method, we investigated the reactivity of iron porphyrin catalytic hydroxylation of propranolol and other substrates. Our experimental results indicate that TM (n) -DESI provides the ability to spatially separate reagents and control their order of introduction into the reacting system, thereby minimizing unwanted reactions that lead to catalyst deactivation and degradation products. In addition, comparison with DESI-MS analyses (the Zare and Latour laboratories published results suggesting accessible reaction times <1 ms) of the reduction of dichlorophenolindophenol by L-ascorbic acid suggest that TM (1) -DESI can access reaction times less than 1 ms. Multiple meshes allow sequential stages of desorption/ionization per MS scan, increasing the number of analytes and reactions that can be characterized in a single experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin C Peters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- James D. Blakemore
- Department of Chemistry and
Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Robert H. Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry and
Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Gary W. Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry and
Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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38
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A molecular catalyst for water oxidation that binds to metal oxide surfaces. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6469. [PMID: 25757425 PMCID: PMC4382695 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular catalysts are known for their high activity and tunability, but their solubility and limited stability often restrict their use in practical applications. Here we describe how a molecular iridium catalyst for water oxidation directly and robustly binds to oxide surfaces without the need for any external stimulus or additional linking groups. On conductive electrode surfaces, this heterogenized molecular catalyst oxidizes water with low overpotential, high turnover frequency and minimal degradation. Spectroscopic and electrochemical studies show that it does not decompose into iridium oxide, thus preserving its molecular identity, and that it is capable of sustaining high activity towards water oxidation with stability comparable to state-of-the-art bulk metal oxide catalysts.
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39
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Lehman MC, Pahls DR, Meredith JM, Sommer RD, Heinekey DM, Cundari TR, Ison EA. Oxyfunctionalization with Cp*Ir(III)(NHC)(Me)(Cl) with O₂: identification of a rare bimetallic Ir(IV) μ-oxo intermediate. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:3574-84. [PMID: 25700811 DOI: 10.1021/ja512905t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Methanol formation from [Cp*Ir(III)(NHC)Me(CD2Cl2)](+) occurs quantitatively at room temperature with air (O2) as the oxidant and ethanol as a proton source. A rare example of a diiridium bimetallic complex, [(Cp*Ir(NHC)Me)2(μ-O)][(BAr(F)4)2], 3, was isolated and shown to be an intermediate in this reaction. The electronic absorption spectrum of 3 features a broad observation at ∼660 nm, which is primarily responsible for its blue color. In addition, 3 is diamagnetic and can be characterized by NMR spectroscopy. Complex 3 was also characterized by X-ray crystallography and contains an Ir(IV)-O-Ir(IV) core in which two d(5) Ir(IV) centers are bridged by an oxo ligand. DFT and MCSCF calculations reveal several important features of the electronic structure of 3, most notably, that the μ-oxo bridge facilitates communication between the two Ir centers, and σ/π mixing yields a nonlinear arrangement of the μ-oxo core (Ir-O-Ir ∼ 150°) to facilitate oxygen atom transfer. The formation of 3 results from an Ir oxo/oxyl intermediate that may be described by two competing bonding models, which are close in energy and have formal Ir-O bond orders of 2 but differ markedly in their electronic structures. The radical traps TEMPO and 1,4-cyclohexadiene do not inhibit the formation of 3; however, methanol formation from 3 is inhibited by TEMPO. Isotope labeling studies confirmed the origin of the methyl group in the methanol product is the iridium-methyl bond in the [Cp*Ir(NHC)Me(CD2Cl2)][BAr(F)4] starting material. Isolation of the diiridium-containing product [(Cp*Ir(NHC)Cl)2][(BAr(F)4)2], 4, in high yields at the end of the reaction suggests that the Cp* and NHC ligands remain bound to the iridium and are not significantly degraded under reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Lehman
- ‡Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Dale R Pahls
- †Department of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Joseph M Meredith
- §Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Roger D Sommer
- ‡Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - D Michael Heinekey
- §Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Thomas R Cundari
- †Department of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Elon A Ison
- ‡Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
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40
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Boeser CL, Holder JC, Taylor BLH, Houk KN, Stoltz BM, Zare RN. Mechanistic analysis of an asymmetric palladium-catalyzed conjugate addition of arylboronic acids to β-substituted cyclic enones. Chem Sci 2015; 6:1917-1922. [PMID: 25729560 PMCID: PMC4338963 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc03337j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An asymmetric palladium-catalyzed conjugate addition reaction of arylboronic acids to enone substrates was investigated mechanistically. Desorption electrospray ionization coupled to mass spectrometry was used to identify intermediates of the catalytic cycle and delineate differences in substrate reactivity. Our findings provide evidence for the catalytic cycle proceeding through formation of an arylpalladium(II) cation, subsequent formation of an arylpalladium-enone complex, and, ultimately, formation of the new C-C bond. Reaction monitoring in both positive and negative ion modes revealed that 4-iodophenylboronic acid formed a relatively stable trimeric species under the reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey C. Holder
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCalifornia 91125USA
| | - Buck L. H. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia 90095USA
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia 90095USA
| | - Brian M. Stoltz
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCalifornia 91125USA
| | - Richard N. Zare
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA
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41
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Thomsen JM, Huang DL, Crabtree RH, Brudvig GW. Iridium-based complexes for water oxidation. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:12452-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00863h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Activation of organometallic Ir precatalysts can yield either homogeneous or heterogeneous water-oxidation catalysts with very high activity.
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42
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Hohloch S, Kaiser S, Duecker FL, Bolje A, Maity R, Košmrlj J, Sarkar B. Catalytic oxygenation of sp3 “C–H” bonds with Ir(iii) complexes of chelating triazoles and mesoionic carbenes. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:686-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02879a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ir(iii) complexes with chelating triazole and mesoionic carbene ligands are potent pre-catalysts for the direct oxygenation of C–H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Hohloch
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Anorganische Chemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Berlin
- Germany
| | - Selina Kaiser
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Anorganische Chemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Berlin
- Germany
| | - Fenja Leena Duecker
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Anorganische Chemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Berlin
- Germany
| | - Aljoša Bolje
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
- University of Ljubljana
- Ljubljana
- Slovenia
| | - Ramananda Maity
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Anorganische Chemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Berlin
- Germany
| | - Janez Košmrlj
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
- University of Ljubljana
- Ljubljana
- Slovenia
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Anorganische Chemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Berlin
- Germany
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43
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Škríba A, Schulz J, Roithová J. Monitoring of Reaction Intermediates in the Gas Phase: Ruthenium-Catalyzed C–C Coupling. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500933w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Škríba
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Schulz
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Roithová
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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44
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Thomsen JM, Sheehan SW, Hashmi SM, Campos J, Hintermair U, Crabtree RH, Brudvig GW. Electrochemical Activation of Cp* Iridium Complexes for Electrode-Driven Water-Oxidation Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:13826-34. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5068299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julianne M. Thomsen
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Stafford W. Sheehan
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Sara M. Hashmi
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 9 Hillhouse
Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Jesús Campos
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Ulrich Hintermair
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Robert H. Crabtree
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Gary W. Brudvig
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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45
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Turlington CR, Morris J, White PS, Brennessel WW, Jones WD, Brookhart M, Templeton JL. Exploring Oxidation of Half-Sandwich Rhodium Complexes: Oxygen Atom Insertion into the Rhodium–Carbon Bond of κ2-Coordinated 2-Phenylpyridine. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500660n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Turlington
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - James Morris
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Peter S. White
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - William W. Brennessel
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - William D. Jones
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Maurice Brookhart
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Joseph L. Templeton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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46
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Turlington CR, White PS, Brookhart M, Templeton JL. Oxygen Atom Transfer to a Half-Sandwich Iridium Complex: Clean Oxidation Yielding a Molecular Product. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:3981-94. [DOI: 10.1021/ja413023f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Turlington
- W. R. Kenan Laboratory, Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Peter S. White
- W. R. Kenan Laboratory, Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Maurice Brookhart
- W. R. Kenan Laboratory, Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Joseph L. Templeton
- W. R. Kenan Laboratory, Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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47
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48
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Parent AR, Nakazono T, Lin S, Utsunomiya S, Sakai K. Mechanism of water oxidation by non-heme iron catalysts when driven with sodium periodate. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:12501-13. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01188k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-heme iron complexes were determined to serve as homogeneous water oxidation catalysts when driven with sodium periodate. Both mononuclear and dinuclear complexes were found to be active for water oxidation, with the monomeric species exhibiting higher rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R. Parent
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER)
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakazono
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Shu Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Satoshi Utsunomiya
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Ken Sakai
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER)
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
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