1
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Synthesis of Novel Nanocomposite Materials with Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity based on Poly(Ethylene Glycol Methacrylate)s with Ag, TiO 2 or ZnO Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:291. [PMID: 38334562 PMCID: PMC10857080 DOI: 10.3390/nano14030291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this investigation was to prepare novel hybrid materials with enhanced antimicrobial properties to be used in food preservation and packaging applications. Therefore, nanocomposite materials were synthesized based on two stimuli-responsive oligo(ethylene glycol methacrylate)s, namely PEGMA and PEGMEMA, the first bearing hydroxyl side groups with three different metal nanoparticles, i.e., Ag, TiO2 and ZnO. The in situ radical polymerization technique was employed to ensure good dispersion of the nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. FTIR spectra identified the successful preparation of the corresponding polymers and XRD scans revealed the presence of the nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. In the polymer bearing hydroxyl groups, the presence of Ag-NPs led to slightly lower thermal stability as measured by TGA, whereas both ZnO and TiO2 led to nanomaterials with better thermal stability. The antimicrobial activity of all materials was determined against the Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and the Gram-positive S. aureus, B. subtilis and B. cereus. PEGMEMA nanocomposites had much better antimicrobial activity compared to PEGMA. Ag NPs exhibited the best inhibition of microbial growth in both polymers with all four bacteria. Nanocomposites with TiO2 showed a very good inhibition percentage when used in PEGMEMA-based materials, while in PEGMA material, high antimicrobial activity was observed only against E. coli and B. subtilis, with moderate activity against B. cereus and almost absent activity against S. aureus. The presence of ZnO showed antimicrobial activity only in the case of PEGMEMA-based materials. Differences observed in the antibacterial activity of the polymers with the different nanoparticles could be attributed to the different structure of the polymers and possibly the more efficient release of the NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melpomeni Tsakiridou
- Laboratory of Polymer and Colors Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.T.); (I.T.)
| | - Ioannis Tsagkalias
- Laboratory of Polymer and Colors Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.T.); (I.T.)
| | - Rigini M. Papi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Dimitris S. Achilias
- Laboratory of Polymer and Colors Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.T.); (I.T.)
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2
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Abstract
Novel functional copolymer/clay nanocomposites with active sites such as amide and anhydride groups were successfully produced by in situ interlamellar copolymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serap Kavlak
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Division of Polymer Chemistry, 06800 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
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3
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Montmorillonite clay: Introduction and evaluation of its applications in different organic syntheses as catalyst: A review. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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4
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Abstract
Cost-effective, clean, highly transparent, and flexible as well as a coatable packaging material is envisioned to solve or at least mitigate quality preservation issues of organic materials, originating from moisture interaction under ambient conditions. Liquid phase processing of packaging coatings using nano-clay and polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) has been developed and reported. Detailed analysis of the developed coating revealed moisture permeability of 2.8 × 10−2 g·cm/m2·day at 40 °C and 85% relative humidity (RH), which is in close accordance with Bharadwaj’s theoretical permeability model. Moreover, the developed coatings are not only more than 90% transparent, when exposed to white light, but also exhibit excellent flexibility and even after going through 10,000 bending cycles maintained the same blocking effect against moisture.
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5
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Effect of organoclay modifier structure on the viscoelastic and thermal properties of poly(methyl methacrylate)/organoclay nanocomposites. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03248-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Solution Processed PVB/Mica Flake Coatings for the Encapsulation of Organic Solar Cells. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14102496. [PMID: 34065936 PMCID: PMC8151763 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) die due to their interactions with environmental gases, i.e., moisture and oxygen, the latter being the most dangerous, especially under illumination, due to the fact that most of the active layers used in OPVs are extremely sensitive to oxygen. In this work we demonstrate solution-based effective barrier coatings based on composite of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) and mica flakes for the protection of poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)-based organic solar cells (OSCs) against photobleaching under illumination conditions. In the first step we developed a protective layer with cost effective and environmentally friendly methods and optimized its properties in terms of transparency, barrier improvement factor, and bendability. The developed protective layer maintained a high transparency in the visible region and improved oxygen and moisture barrier quality by the factor of ~7. The resultant protective layers showed ultra-flexibility, as no significant degradation in protective characteristics were observed after 10 K bending cycles. In the second step, a PVB/mica composite layer was applied on top of the P3HT film and subjected to photo-degradation. The P3HT films coated with PVB/mica composite showed improved stability under constant light irradiation and exhibited a loss of <20% of the initial optical density over the period of 150 h. Finally, optimized barrier layers were used as encapsulation for organic solar cell (OSC) devices. The lifetime results confirmed that the stability of the OSCs was extended from few hours to over 240 h in a sun test (65 °C, ambient RH%) which corresponds to an enhanced lifetime by a factor of 9 compared to devices encapsulated with pristine PVB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iftikhar Ahmed Channa
- Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, University Road, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.D.C.); (M.R.); (A.A.S.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ali Dad Chandio
- Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, University Road, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.D.C.); (M.R.); (A.A.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, University Road, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.D.C.); (M.R.); (A.A.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Aqeel Ahmed Shah
- Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, University Road, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.D.C.); (M.R.); (A.A.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Jahanzeb Bhatti
- Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, University Road, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.D.C.); (M.R.); (A.A.S.); (J.B.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Karim Shah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi 74800, Pakistan;
| | - Fayaz Hussain
- Modeling Evolutionary Algorithms Simulation and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Muhammad Ali Shar
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.S.); (A.A.)
- Department of Mechanical & Energy Systems, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Abdulaziz AlHazaa
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.S.); (A.A.)
- Research Chair for Tribology, Surfaces and Interface Sciences, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Effect of Na- and Organo-Modified Montmorillonite/Essential Oil Nanohybrids on the Kinetics of the In Situ Radical Polymerization of Styrene. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020474. [PMID: 33668423 PMCID: PMC7918516 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The great concern about the use of hazardous additives in food packaging materials has shown the way to new bio-based materials, such as nanoclays incorporating bioactive essential oils (EO). One of the still unresolved issues is the proper incorporation of these materials into a polymeric matrix. The in situ polymerization seems to be a promising technique, not requiring high temperatures or toxic solvents. Therefore, in this study, the bulk radical polymerization of styrene was investigated in the presence of sodium montmorillonite (NaMMT) and organo-modified montmorillonite (orgMMT) including thyme (TO), oregano (OO), and basil (BO) essential oil. It was found that the hydroxyl groups present in the main ingredients of TO and OO may participate in side retardation reactions leading to lower polymerization rates (measured gravimetrically by the variation of monomer conversion with time) accompanied by higher polymer average molecular weight (measured via GPC). The use of BO did not seem to affect significantly the polymerization kinetics and polymer MWD. These results were verified from independent experiments using model compounds, thymol, carvacrol and estragol instead of the clays. Partially intercalated structures were revealed from XRD scans. The glass transition temperature (from DSC) and the thermal stability (from TGA) of the nanocomposites formed were slightly increased from 95 to 98 °C and from 435 to 445 °C, respectively. Finally, better dispersion was observed when orgMMT was added instead of NaMMT.
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8
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Effect of POSS-Modified Montmorillonite on Thermal, Mechanical, and Electrical Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Nanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12092031. [PMID: 32906616 PMCID: PMC7564685 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Montmorillonite (MMT) displays excellent cohesion with an unsaturated polyester (UP) matrix to generate a material which exhibits an extensive range of commercial applications. The organic modification of MMT using polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) and the effect of POSS-MMT on the thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of UP are reported here. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images were used to characterize the modification of MMT using POSS. Modified MMT (POSS-MMT) was incorporated, at different wt.% (0.5, 1, 3, 5), into UP via in-situ polymerization. The presence of POSS-MMT enhanced the characteristic properties of UP as a consequence of good dispersion in the polymer matrix. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images support effective POSS-MMT dispersion leading to tensile strength enhancement of a UP/POSS-MMT nanocomposite (3 wt.% POSS-MMT) by 54.7% as compared to that for unmodified UP. TGA displays a 35 °C improvement of thermal stability (10% mass loss) at 5% POSS-MMT incorporation, while the electrical conductivity is improved by 108 S/m (3 wt.% POSS-MMT) in comparison to that for unmodified UP. The conventional obstacle of UP associated with shrinkage weight loss during curing seems to be moderated with POSS-MMT incorporation (3%) resulting in a 27.8% reduction in shrinkage weight loss. These fabricated nanocomposites expand the versatility of UP as a high-performance material owing to enhancements of properties.
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9
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The critical organic modifier aliphatic
tail length
for the formation of poly(methyl methacrylate)‐montmorillonite nanocomposites. POLYM ENG SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajkiran R. Tiwari
- Division of Polymer Science and EngineeringNational Chemical Laboratory Pune Maharashtra India
- Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas USA
| | - Upendra Natarajan
- Division of Polymer Science and EngineeringNational Chemical Laboratory Pune Maharashtra India
- Department of Chemical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology, (I.I.T.) Madras Chennai Tamil Nadu India
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10
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Effect of reactive montmorillonite with amino on the properties of polyimide/montmorillonite nanocomposite. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-02767-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Organically Modified Nanoclay Filled Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membranes for Reverse Osmosis Application. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12223803. [PMID: 31752359 PMCID: PMC6888354 DOI: 10.3390/ma12223803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study validates, for the first time, the effectiveness of two nanoclays, that is, cloisite (CS)-15A and montmorillonite (MNT) at the polyamide (PA) active layer in the reverse osmosis (RO) membrane. Cloisite-15A is natural montmorillonite modified with dimethyl dihydrogenated tallow quaternary ammonium salt. Thin-film composite (TFC) membranes were fabricated by the interfacial polymerization (IP) process between the trimesoylchloride (TMC)-n-hexane solution and m-phenylenediamine (MPD)-aqueous solution; the IP process took place on a polysulfone support sheet. The two types of nanoparticles were added in various weight ratios (0.005 wt.%-0.04 wt.%) in the n-hexane solution of TMC. Different characterizations like X-ray diffraction (XRD), contact angle, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and membrane performance tests were performed to analyse the membrane properties. Both XRD and TEM studies proved that the two nanoclays are successfully anchored at the different sites of the PA layer. CS-15A could accelerate the water flux from 15 to 18.65 L/m2·h with NaCl rejection enhancement from 72% to 80%, relative to the control membrane. Conversely, MNT also enhanced the flux from 15 to 40 L/m2·h, but NaCl rejection reduced from 70% to 23%. The mechanism of water uptake in nanoclays was also discussed. The results pave the way for a complete future study, in which these phenomena should be studied in great detail.
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12
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Mechanical Behavior of PMMA/SiO2 Multilayer Nanocomposites: Experiments and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Macromol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-020-8035-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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13
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Ionic Liquid-Nanostructured Poly(Methyl Methacrylate). NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1376. [PMID: 31561407 PMCID: PMC6835392 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, ionic liquids (ILs) based on imidazolium and ammonium cations were used as modifying agents for poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) by extrusion. The effects of the chemical nature of the cation and/or counter anion on the resulting properties of IL-modified PMMA blends were analyzed. It was found that the use of low amounts of ILs (2 wt.%) improved the thermal stability. A plasticizing effect of ILs is evidenced by a decrease in glass transition temperature Tg of the modified PMMA, allowing to get large strains at break (i.e., up to 280% or 400%) compared to neat PMMA. The deformation and fracture mechanisms of PMMA under uniaxial tensile stress (i.e., crazing) reveal that the presence of IL delayed the strain during the initiation step of crazing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarice Fedosse Zornio
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, INSA Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sébastien Livi
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, INSA Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Jannick Duchet-Rumeau
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, INSA Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jean-François Gerard
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, INSA Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France.
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14
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Interfacial In Situ Polymerization of Layered-Silicate/Poly (Hexamethylene Isophthalamide) Nanocomposites. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-019-01088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Interaction of nanoclay-reinforced packaging nanocomposites with food simulants and compost environments. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2019; 88:275-298. [PMID: 31151726 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The production of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) has increased exponentially over the last few decades. ENMs, made from use of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs), have been applied to the food, agriculture, pharmaceutical, and automobile industries. Of particular interest are their applications in packaging nanocomposites for consumer and non-consumer goods. ENPs in nanocomposites are of interest as a packaging material because they reduce the amount of polymer needed, while improving the physical properties. However, the transformation of ENPs in nanocomposite production, their fate, and their toxicity remain unknown while in contact with the package content or after the end of life. The objectives of this chapter are (a) to provide an overview of the main nanoclays used in packaging; (b) to categorize the main polymeric packaging nanocomposites; (c) to provide an overview of the fate and mass transport of ENPs, especially nanoclays; (d) to describe the mass transfer of nanoclays in food simulants and in compost environments; and (e) to identify current and future research needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Xia
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Maria Rubino
- School of Packaging, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.
| | - Rafael Auras
- School of Packaging, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.
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16
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Poly(methyl methacrylate) films reinforced with coconut shell lignin fractions to enhance their UV-blocking, antioxidant and thermo-mechanical properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 125:171-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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17
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A Review of the Synthesis and Applications of Polymer–Nanoclay Composites. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8091696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in material technologies have promoted the development of various preparation strategies and applications of novel polymer–nanoclay composites. Innovative synthesis pathways have resulted in novel polymer–nanoclay composites with improved properties, which have been successfully incorporated in diverse fields such as aerospace, automobile, construction, petroleum, biomedical and wastewater treatment. These composites are recognized as promising advanced materials due to their superior properties, such as enhanced density, strength, relatively large surface areas, high elastic modulus, flame retardancy, and thermomechanical/optoelectronic/magnetic properties. The primary focus of this review is to deliver an up-to-date overview of polymer–nanoclay composites along with their synthesis routes and applications. The discussion highlights potential future directions for this emerging field of research.
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18
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Thermal Degradation Kinetics and Viscoelastic Behavior of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate)/Organomodified Montmorillonite Nanocomposites Prepared via In Situ Bulk Radical Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E491. [PMID: 30966525 PMCID: PMC6415509 DOI: 10.3390/polym10050491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocomposites of polymers with nanoclays have recently found great research interest due to their enhanced thermal and mechanical properties. Deep understanding of the kinetics of thermal degradation of such materials is very important, since the degradation mechanism usually changes in the presence of the nano-filler. In this investigation, poly(methyl methacrylate)/organomodified clay nanocomposite materials were prepared by the in situ free radical bulk polymerization technique. The thermal degradation of the products obtained was studied by means of thermogravimetric analysis at several heating rates. Isoconversional kinetic analysis was conducted in order to investigate the effect of degradation conversion on the activation energy. Both, pure poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and its nanocomposites were found to degrade through a two-step reaction mechanism. Data arising from a differential and an integral method were used to disclose the correlation between activation energies (Eα) and the extent of degradation (α). It was found that Eα value improved for all nanocomposites at α values higher than 0.3. Moreover, the viscoelastic behavior of the obtained nanocomposites was examined by means of dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. All nanocomposites exhibited higher storage modulus in comparison to the virgin PMMA at room temperature, while the increment of clay amount improved their stiffness gradually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros K Nikolaidis
- Laboratory of Polymer and Colour Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Dimitris S Achilias
- Laboratory of Polymer and Colour Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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19
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Polymer-Based Black Phosphorus (bP) Hybrid Materials by in Situ Radical Polymerization: An Effective Tool To Exfoliate bP and Stabilize bP Nanoflakes. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018; 30:2036-2048. [PMID: 29887671 PMCID: PMC5989699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b05298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Black phosphorus (bP) has been recently investigated for next generation nanoelectronic multifunctional devices. However, the intrinsic instability of exfoliated bP (the bP nanoflakes) toward both moisture and air has so far overshadowed its practical implementation. In order to contribute to fill this gap, we report here the preparation of new hybrid polymer-based materials where bP nanoflakes (bPn) exhibit a significantly improved stability. The new materials have been prepared by different synthetic paths including: (i) the mixing of conventionally liquid-phase exfoliated bP (in dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO) with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) solution; (ii) the direct exfoliation of bP in a polymeric solution; (iii) the in situ radical polymerization after exfoliating bP in the liquid monomer (methyl methacrylate, MMA). This last methodology concerns the preparation of stable suspensions of bPn-MMA by sonication-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) of bP in the presence of MMA followed by radical polymerization. The hybrids characteristics have been compared in order to evaluate the bP dispersion and the effectiveness of the bPn interfacial interactions with polymer chains aimed at their long-term environmental stabilization. The passivation of the bPn is particularly effective when the hybrid material is prepared by in situ polymerization. By using this synthetic methodology, the nanoflakes, even if with a gradient of dispersion (size of aggregates), preserve their chemical structure from oxidation (as proved by both Raman and 31P-solid state NMR studies) and are particularly stable to air and UV light exposure. The feasibility of this approach, capable of efficiently exfoliating bP while protecting the bPn, has been then verified by using different vinyl monomers (styrene and N-vinylpyrrolidone), thus obtaining hybrids where the nanoflakes are embedded in polymer matrices with a variety of intriguing thermal, mechanical, and solubility characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Passaglia
- Istituto
di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Cicogna
- Istituto
di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Federica Costantino
- Istituto
di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Serena Coiai
- Istituto
di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Legnaioli
- Istituto
di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Lorenzetti
- Istituto
di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Borsacchi
- Istituto
di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Geppi
- Istituto
di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale (DCCI), Via Moruzzi 13, 56121 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Telesio
- NEST,
Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefan Heun
- NEST,
Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Ienco
- Istituto
di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Manuel Serrano-Ruiz
- Istituto
di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Maurizio Peruzzini
- Istituto
di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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20
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Ecofriendly modification of acetosolv lignin from oil palm biomass for improvement of PMMA thermo-oxidative properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davi Rabelo de Oliveira
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry; Federal University of Ceara; 60440-900 Fortaleza CE Brazil
| | - Izabel de Menezes Nogueira
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry; Federal University of Ceara; 60440-900 Fortaleza CE Brazil
- Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry; Rua Dra Sara Mesquita 2270, Planalto do Pici 60511-110 Fortaleza CE Brazil
| | | | - Morsyleide Freitas Rosa
- Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry; Rua Dra Sara Mesquita 2270, Planalto do Pici 60511-110 Fortaleza CE Brazil
| | - Selma Elaine Mazzetto
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry; Federal University of Ceara; 60440-900 Fortaleza CE Brazil
| | - Diego Lomonaco
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry; Federal University of Ceara; 60440-900 Fortaleza CE Brazil
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21
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Polymerization Kinetics of Poly(2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Hydrogels and Nanocomposite Materials. Processes (Basel) 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/pr5020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels based on poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) are a very important class of biomaterials with several applications mainly in tissue engineering and contacts lenses. Although the polymerization kinetics of HEMA have been investigated in the literature, the development of a model, accounting for both the chemical reaction mechanism and diffusion-controlled phenomena and valid over the whole conversion range, has not appeared so far. Moreover, research on the synthesis of nanocomposite materials based on a polymer matrix has grown rapidly recently because of the improved mechanical, thermal and physical properties provided by the polymer. In this framework, the objective of this research is two-fold: to provide a kinetic model for the polymerization of HEMA with accurate estimations of the kinetic and diffusional parameters employed and to investigate the effect of adding various types and amounts of nano-additives to the polymerization rate. In the first part, experimental data are provided from Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) measurements on the variation of the reaction rate with time at several polymerization temperatures. These data are used to accurately evaluate the kinetic rate constants and diffusion-controlled parameters. In the second part, nanocomposites of PHEMA are formed, and the in situ bulk radical polymerization kinetics is investigated with DSC. It was found that the inclusion of nano-montmorillonite results in a slight enhancement of the polymerization rate, while the inverse holds when adding nano-silica. These results are interpreted in terms of noncovalent interactions, such as hydrogen bonding between the monomer and polymer or the nano-additive. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) measurements were carried out to verify the results.
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22
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Effect of Dispersed Polymeric Nanoparticles on the Bulk Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Meng
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry
and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hua Wu
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry
and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Storti
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry
and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Morbidelli
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry
and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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23
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Toward the development of a mathematical model for the bulk in situ radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate in the presence of nano-additives. CAN J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George D. Verros
- Laboratory of Organic Chemical Technology; Department of Chemistry; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; 541 24 Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Dimitris S. Achilias
- Laboratory of Organic Chemical Technology; Department of Chemistry; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; 541 24 Thessaloniki Greece
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24
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25
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Synthesis, characterization and reaction kinetics of PMMA/silver nanocomposites prepared via in situ radical polymerization. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Synthesis and characterisation of poly(epichlorohydrin-g-Fe3O4/congo red)-co-poly(methylmethacrylate). IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-015-0354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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27
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Anin situintercalative polymerization method for preparing UV curable clay-polymer nanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin Pavlacky
- Department of Coatings and Polymeric Materials; North Dakota State University; PO Box 6050 Dept 2760 Fargo 58108 North Dakota
| | - Dean C. Webster
- Department of Coatings and Polymeric Materials; North Dakota State University; PO Box 6050 Dept 2760 Fargo 58108 North Dakota
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28
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Release of nanoclay and surfactant from polymer-clay nanocomposites into a food simulant. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:13617-13624. [PMID: 25369541 DOI: 10.1021/es502622c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Release assessment of organo-modified montmorillonite (O-MMT) nanoclay and the organo-modifiers (surfactants) was performed on two types of polymer–clay nanocomposites: polypropylene (PP) and polyamide 6 (PA6) with O-MMT. In accordance with ASTM D4754-11, nanocomposite films were exposed to ethanol as a fatty-food simulant at 70 °C. The release of O-MMT, with Si and Al used as the nanoclay markers, was evaluated by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The nanoclay particles released in ethanol were visualized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). More nanoclay particles were released from PP–clay films (0.15 mg L(–1)) than from PA6–clay films (0.10 mg L(–1)), possibly due to the lack of interaction between the nanoclay and PP as indicated by the structure and morphology in the TEM images. The surfactant release was quantified by a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. A substantial amount of surfactant was released into ethanol (3.5 mg L(–1) from PP–clay films and 16.2 mg L(–1) from PA6–clay films), indicating changes in the nanoclay structure within the nanocomposite while it was exposed to ethanol. This research has provided information for the determination of exposure doses of nanoclay and surfactant in biosystems and the environment, which enabled the risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Xia
- School of Packaging, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226, United States
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29
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Detection and quantification of montmorillonite nanoclay in water-ethanol solutions by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2013; 30:2177-83. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2013.845800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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30
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Polymerization Kinetics and Thermal Degradation of Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacylate) / Organo-Modified Montmorillonite Nanocomposites Prepared by In Situ
Bulk Polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201300065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Panoraia Siafaka
- Laboratory of Organic Chemical Technology, Department of Chemistry; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; 54124 Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Dimitris S. Achilias
- Laboratory of Organic Chemical Technology, Department of Chemistry; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; 54124 Thessaloniki Greece
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31
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Surface treatment of cellulose fibers with methylmethacrylate for enhanced properties ofin situpolymerized PMMA/cellulose composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Moloy Banerjee
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology; University of Calcutta; Kolkata 700009 India
| | - Sunanda Sain
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology; University of Calcutta; Kolkata 700009 India
| | | | - Suparna Sengupta
- Department of Basic Science; Humanities and Social Sciences; Calcutta Institute of Engineering and Management; Tollygunge Kolkata 700040 India
| | - Tanusree Kar
- Department of Materials Science; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Dipa Ray
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology; University of Calcutta; Kolkata 700009 India
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32
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Effect of Nanoclay on Styrene and Butyl Acrylate AGET ATRP in Miniemulsion: Study of Nucleation Type, Kinetics, and Polymerization Control. INT J CHEM KINET 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Hatami
- Department of Chemistry; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran; Iran
| | - Vahid Haddadi-Asl
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology,; P.O. Box 15875-4413; Tehran; Iran
| | | | - Hossein Roghani-Mamaqani
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology,; P.O. Box 15875-4413; Tehran; Iran
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33
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Synthesis and characterization of novel nanocomposite materials based on poly(styrene-co-butyl methacrylate) copolymers and organomodified clay. Eur Polym J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2012.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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34
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Nanoclay, intumescent flame retardants, and their combination with chemical modification for the improvement of the flame retardant properties of polymer nanocomposites. Macromol Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-012-0185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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35
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Effect of different modified nanoclays on the kinetics of preparation and properties of polymer-based nanocomposites. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-012-9954-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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36
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Effects of Incorporation of Organically Modified Montmorillonite on the Reaction Mechanism of Epoxy/Amine Cure. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:5786-94. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3021722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Alzina
- Laboratoire de Physique
de la Matière Condensée, Université de Nice − Sophia Antipolis, CNRS UMR 7336, Parc
Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Alice Mija
- Laboratoire de Physique
de la Matière Condensée, Université de Nice − Sophia Antipolis, CNRS UMR 7336, Parc
Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Luc Vincent
- Laboratoire de Physique
de la Matière Condensée, Université de Nice − Sophia Antipolis, CNRS UMR 7336, Parc
Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Nicolas Sbirrazzuoli
- Laboratoire de Physique
de la Matière Condensée, Université de Nice − Sophia Antipolis, CNRS UMR 7336, Parc
Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
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37
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Polymerization kinetics and thermal properties of poly(alkyl methacrylate)/organomodified montmorillonite nanocomposites. POLYM INT 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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38
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Encapsulation of organomodified montmorillonite with PMMA via in situ SR&NI ATRP in miniemulsion. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-012-9868-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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39
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Effect of the type of organic modifier on the polymerization kinetics and the properties of poly(methyl methacrylate)/organomodified montmorillonite nanocomposites. Eur Polym J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2011.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Bakar
- a Department of Organic Materials Technology , Technical University of Radom , Radom , Poland
| | - A. Białkowska
- a Department of Organic Materials Technology , Technical University of Radom , Radom , Poland
| | - J. Molenda
- b Institute for Sustainable Technologies, Department of Proecological Technologies , Radom , Poland
| | - J. Piasek
- a Department of Organic Materials Technology , Technical University of Radom , Radom , Poland
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41
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Poly(methyl acrylate)/Na-montmorillonite intercalated composites: Preparation and characterization. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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