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Newman DJ, Cragg GM. Endophytic and epiphytic microbes as "sources" of bioactive agents. Front Chem 2015; 3:34. [PMID: 26052511 PMCID: PMC4440917 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2015.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Beginning with the report by Stierle and Strobel in 1993 on taxol(R) production by an endophytic fungus (Stierle et al., 1993), it is possible that a number of the agents now used as leads to treatments of diseases in man, are not produced by the plant or invertebrate host from which they were first isolated and identified. They are probably the product of a microbe in, on or around the macroorganism. At times there is an intricate “dance” between a precursor produced by a microbe, and interactions within the macroorganism, or in certain cases, a fungus, that ends up with the production of a novel agent that has potential as a treatment for a human disease. This report will give examples from insects, plants, and marine invertebrates.
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Maharani R, Sleebs BE, Hughes AB. Macrocyclic N-Methylated Cyclic Peptides and Depsipeptides. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63460-3.00004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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3
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A total synthesis of a highly N-methylated cyclodepsipeptide [2S,3S-Hmp]-aureobasidin L using solid-phase methods. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Pelay-Gimeno M, Tulla-Puche J, Albericio F. "Head-to-side-chain" cyclodepsipeptides of marine origin. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:1693-717. [PMID: 23697952 PMCID: PMC3707169 DOI: 10.3390/md11051693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the late 1980s, a large number of depsipeptides that contain a new topography, referred to as "head-to-side-chain" cyclodepsipeptides, have been isolated and characterized. These peptides present a unique structural arrangement that comprises a macrocyclic region closed through an ester bond between the C-terminus and a β-hydroxyl group, and terminated with a polyketide moiety or a more simple branched aliphatic acid. This structural pattern, the presence of unique and complex residues, and relevant bioactivity are the main features shared by all the members of this new class of depsipeptides, which are reviewed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pelay-Gimeno
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Judit Tulla-Puche
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franqués 1-11, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
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Lassen KM, Joullié MM. Total synthesis of Lys(3) tamandarin M: a potential affinity ligand. Org Lett 2010; 12:5306-9. [PMID: 21033723 DOI: 10.1021/ol1024212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of Lys(3) tamandarin M is described. This analogue can be used as a protein affinity ligand to probe the mechanism of action of this unique class of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M Lassen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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Gasteiger J, Ihlenfeldt WD, Röse P. A collection of computer methods for synthesis design and reaction prediction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19921110605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Abstract
A reliable, high yielding cyclization protocol for the macrocycle of tamandarin B is presented. This strategy will facilitate the synthesis of side chain analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M Lassen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
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Luo JM, Dai CF, Lin SY, Huang PQ. Asymmetric syntheses and Wnt signal inhibitory activity of melleumin A and four analogues of melleumins A and B. Chem Asian J 2009; 4:328-35. [PMID: 19072738 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200800355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Guided by nature: A flexible and epimerization-free approach for the asymmetric syntheses of melleumin A and four analogues of melleumins A and B was developed, which allowed confirming the stereochemistry at C-4 of melleumin A, and revealed that the unnatural 4-epi-melleumin B possesses a modest inhibitory activity on Wnt signaling. The first total synthesis of melleumin A and four analogues of melleumins A and B is described. The N-acyl L-Thr-Gly/beta-hydroxy-gamma-amino acid coupling/macrolactamization strategy allowed the efficient assembly of the three segments being free of epimerization. While the Jouin-Castro method with minor modification allows a rapid entrance to the key syn-beta-hydroxy-gamma-amino acid segment, required for the synthesis of melleumin A, an extension of our malimide-based methodology using a changed N-protecting group affords a flexible access to several anti-beta-hydroxy-gamma-amino acids, and hence analogues of melleumins A and B. Among them, unnatural 4-epi-melleumin B (2 a) exhibits a modest inhibitory activity on Wnt signaling. The total synthesis of melleumin A allowed confirmation of its full structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Min Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
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Ma ZH, Song N, Li CX, Zhang W, Wang P, Li YX. Total synthesis and stereochemical reassignment of tasiamide. J Pept Sci 2008; 14:1139-47. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Adrio J, Cuevas C, Manzanares I, Joullié MM. Synthesis and biological evaluation of tamandarin B analogues. Org Lett 2006; 8:511-4. [PMID: 16435872 DOI: 10.1021/ol0530023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[structure: see text]. The synthesis of two tamandarin B analogues in which the N,O-Me2Tyr5 unit was replaced by N-Me-phenylalanine (N-MePhe5) and (S)-2-(methylamino)-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)propanoic acid (N-MeNaphth5) is described. The choice of the macrocyclization site was crucial to achieve satisfactory macrolactamization. Coupling between norstatine (Nst1) and threonine (Thr6) afforded only a 15% yield, while lactamization between proline (Pro4) and the aromatic moiety could be achieved in 65% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Adrio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA
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Evans DA, Aye Y, Wu J. Asymmetric, anti-Selective Scandium-Catalyzed Sakurai Additions to Glyoxyamide. Applications to the Syntheses of N-Boc d-Alloisoleucine and d-Isoleucine. Org Lett 2006; 8:2071-3. [PMID: 16671784 DOI: 10.1021/ol0604771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] An enantio- and diastereoselective Sakurai-Hosomi reaction, catalyzed by chiral scandium pyridyl-bis(oxazoline) (pybox) complexes, has been developed. Both alkyl- and aryl-substituted allylsilanes are effective coupling partners with N-phenylglyoxamide. Applications of this reaction to the asymmetric syntheses of N-Boc D-alloisoleucine and D-isoleucine are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Evans
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
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Hamada Y, Shioiri T. Recent progress of the synthetic studies of biologically active marine cyclic peptides and depsipeptides. Chem Rev 2006; 105:4441-82. [PMID: 16351050 DOI: 10.1021/cr0406312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasumasa Hamada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Japan.
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Abstract
This review covers the literature published in 2004 for marine natural products, with 693 citations (491 for the period January to December 2004) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green algae, brown algae, red algae, sponges, coelenterates, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates and echinoderms. The emphasis is on new compounds (716 for 2004), together with their relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Biosynthetic studies (8), and syntheses (80), including those that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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A stereodivergent approach to syn- and anti-β-hydroxy-γ-amino acids. Enantioselective synthesis of N-Boc-statine and N-Boc-3-epistatine mediated by sulfoxides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(02)00819-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Vera MD, Joullié MM. Natural products as probes of cell biology: 20 years of didemnin research. Med Res Rev 2002; 22:102-45. [PMID: 11857636 DOI: 10.1002/med.10003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of the didemnin family of marine depsipeptides launched an exciting and intriguing chapter in natural product chemistry. The unusual structure of the didemnin congeners has led to several total syntheses by research groups from around the world. The impressive in vitro and in vivo biological activities of the didemnins resulted in the first human clinical trials in the U.S. of a marine natural product against cancer, and additional clinical trials of a second-generation didemnin, dehydrodidemnin B (aplidine), are underway. As we mark the 20-year anniversary of the discovery of the didemnins, this class of natural products continues to stimulate active research in fields ranging from synthetic and medicinal chemistry to clinical oncology and cell biology. While some progress was made in dissecting the molecular mechanism of action and in establishing structure-activity relationships, there are still more questions than answers. This review covers the recent didemnin literature, highlighting the work directed towards understanding how this group of natural products interact with fundamental processes such as cell proliferation, protein biosynthesis, and apoptosis. The didemnin field illustrates how natural product chemistry may be used as a critical tool for the study of cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Vera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
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Vicario JL, Badía D, Carrillo L. Aziridine ring-opening reactions with chiral enolates. Stereocontrolled synthesis of 5-substituted-3-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-ones. J Org Chem 2001; 66:5801-7. [PMID: 11511255 DOI: 10.1021/jo0103571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A procedure for performing stereocontrolled aziridine ring-opening reactions with chiral enolates derived from (S,S)-(+)-pseudoephedrine amides has been developed leading to gamma-aminoamides in good yields. The diastereoselectivity of the reaction becomes controlled by the presence of the chiral auxiliary on the enolate, although the stereogenic center contained in the structure of the aziridine has a striking influence on the stereochemical course of the reaction which results in the presence of the corresponding matched and mismatched combinations. Besides, the sense of the asymmetric induction of the chiral auxiliary has resulted to be the opposite to the one found with other type of electrophiles, although it is in good agreement with the trend observed in the reaction of the same kind of enolates with epoxides. Finally, the obtained gamma-aminoamide adducts were converted into enantiopure gamma-amino acids, gamma-aminoesters, and pyrrolidin-2-ones using easy to perform and high yielding reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Vicario
- Departamento de Química Orgánica II, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, P.O. Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
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Huang PQ, Tang X, Chen AQ. An Alternative Stereoselective Synthesis of ProtectedTrans-5-Alkyl-4-Hydroxy-2-Pyrrolidinones. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2000. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910008086864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Celli N, Gallardo AM, Rossi C, Zucchetti M, D'Incalci M, Rotilio D. Analysis of aplidine (dehydrodidemnin B), a new marine-derived depsipeptide, in rat biological fluids by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1999; 731:335-43. [PMID: 10510788 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(99)00262-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Aplidine (dehydrodidemnin B) is a new marine-derived depsipeptide with a powerful cytotoxic activity, which is under early clinical investigation in Europe and in the US. In order to investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of this novel drug, an HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the determination of aplidine in biological samples. Didemnin B, a hydroxy analogue, was used as internal standard. After protein precipitation with acetonitrile and extraction with chloroform, aplidine was chromatographed with a RP octadecylsilica column using a water-acetonitrile linear gradient in the presence of formic acid at the flow-rate of 500 microliters/min. The method was linear over a 5-100 ng/ml range (LOD = 0.5 ng/ml) in plasma and over a 1.25-125 ng/ml range (LOD = 0.2 ng/ml) in urine with precision and accuracy below 14.0%. The intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy were below 12.5%. The extraction procedure recoveries for aplidine and didemnin B were 69% and 68%, respectively in plasma and 91% and 87%, respectively in urine. Differences in linearity, LOQ, LOD and recoveries between plasma and urine samples seem to be matrix-dependent. The applicability of the method was tested by measuring aplidine in rat plasma and urine after intravenous treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Celli
- G. Paone Environmental Health Center, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy.
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Schmidt U, Griesser H, Haas G, Kroner M, Riedl B, Schumacher A, Sutoris F, Haupt A, Emling F. Synthesis and cytostatic activities of didemnin derivatives. THE JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE RESEARCH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PEPTIDE SOCIETY 1999; 54:146-61. [PMID: 10461749 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3011.1999.00097.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The highly cytostatic didemnins contain a 23-membered cyclopeptolide with a side chain attached to the backbone through the amine group of threonine. Thirty-six derivatives varying the side chain were prepared, but only compounds with D-MeLeu attached to threonine show remarkable biological activities. To protect the macrocycle from degradation by lipases the two ester bonds were replaced successively by amide bonds. Although these variations have a major effect on the conformation and rigidity of the ring, the compound which contains exclusively amide bonds is highly active, equivalent to acetyl-didemnin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Schmidt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Banaigs B, Mansour EA, Bonnard I, Boulanger A, Francisco C. [Hysp2] and [Hap2]Didemnin B, two new [Hip2]-modified didemnin B from the tunicate Trididemnum cyanophorum. Tetrahedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(99)00524-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Portonovo P, Liang B, Joullié MM. A practical stereoselective synthesis of (2R,3S)-alloisoleucine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(99)00118-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kazmaier U, Krebs A. A straightforward synthesis of protected isostatine from achiral precursors using the asymmetric chelate Claisen rearrangement. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(98)02486-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Huang PQ, Ye JL, Chen Z, Ruan YP, Gao JX. A Versatile Approach to the Activated Form of (3S, 4R)-Statine and Its Analogues. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/00397919808005095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Humphrey JM, Chamberlin AR. Chemical Synthesis of Natural Product Peptides: Coupling Methods for the Incorporation of Noncoded Amino Acids into Peptides. Chem Rev 1997; 97:2243-2266. [PMID: 11848900 DOI: 10.1021/cr950005s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 892] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John M. Humphrey
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92717
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Pettit GR. The dolastatins. FORTSCHRITTE DER CHEMIE ORGANISCHER NATURSTOFFE = PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS. PROGRES DANS LA CHIMIE DES SUBSTANCES ORGANIQUES NATURELLES 1997; 70:1-79. [PMID: 9088158 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6551-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G R Pettit
- Cancer Research Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
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Castejón P, Moyano A, Pericàs MA, Riera A. A Straightforward, Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of Protected Isostatine Derivatives. Chemistry 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.19960020816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Castejón P, Moyano A, Pericàs MA, Riera A. Ready access to stereodefined β-hydroxy-γ-amino acids. Enantioselective synthesis of fully protected cyclohexylstatine. Tetrahedron 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(96)00328-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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González I, Jou G, Caba JM, Albericio F, Lloyd-Williams P, Giralt E. Synthesis of derivatives of (2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3-oxohexanoic acid, a constituent of the didemnins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1039/p19960001427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hossain MB, Van Der Helm D, Antel J, Sheldrick GM, Weinheimer AJ, Sanduja SK. Crystal and molecular structure of didemnin A, an antiviral depsipeptide. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 1996; 47:20-7. [PMID: 8907495 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1996.tb00805.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The molecular structure of didemnin A, the parent compound of a series of antiviral cytotoxic depsipeptides extracted from a marine tunicate Trididemnum solidum of the family of Didemnidae, has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In the crystal, didemnin A molecules form pseudo-symmetric dimeric pair. The two molecules in the dimer are held together by strong N--H center dot center dot center dot O and N--H center dot center dot center dot N hydrogen bonds. A chloride ion, placed almost symmetrically between the dimeric pair, forms N--H center dot center dot center dot Cl hydrogen bonds (3.19 and 3.23 Angstrom) with both the molecules. The two independent molecules in the structure have closely similar geometry. For each molecule, the 23-membered depsipeptide ring assumes a folded conformation in the shape of a 'bent figure-of-eight' similar to that observed in the didemnin B crystal structure. The major conformational differences in the macrocycle of didemnin A and didemnin B are around the Hip residue. The root mean-square (RMS) difference of 20 of the 23 endocyclic torsion angles for the two structures is less than 10 degrees, while the three bond torsions in the Hip residue vary by about 50 degrees. The macrocycle conformation is stabilized by a transannular N--H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bond linking the isostatine amide group with the leucine carbonyl group. The truncated linear chain is folded back toward the macrocyclic ring and is held by a N--H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bond between the leucine amide group and Me-Leu carbonyl group. The transannular hydrogen bond in the didemnin A structure (N4--H center dot center dot center dot O3 = 2.83 Angstrom in both molecule a and molecule b) is noticeably stronger than that observed in the didemnin B structure (3.02 Angstrom). The X-ray structure of didemnin A is generally consistent with that obtained by NMR studies. Within the crystal, the molecules are packed in zig-zag chains formed by intermolecular O--H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds. The crystal structure and packing of didemnin A are quite different from that of the didemnin B structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Hossain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA
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Fukuzawa S, Matsunaga S, Fusetani N. Ten more ritterazines, cytotoxic steroidal alkaloids from the tunicate Ritterella tokioka. Tetrahedron 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(95)00327-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pettit GR, Thornton TJ, Mullaney JT, Boyd MR, Herald DL, Singh SB, Flahive EJ. The Dolastatins 20. A Convenient Synthetic Route to Dolastatin 15. Tetrahedron 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)89562-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Stereoselective synthesis of (3R,4S)-statine utilising the iron acetyl complex [(η5-C5H5)Fe(CO)(PPh3)COMe] as a chiral acetate enolate equivalent. Tetrahedron 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)88019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Rinehart KL. Antiviral agents from novel marine and terrestrial sources. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1992; 312:41-60. [PMID: 1514445 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-3462-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K L Rinehart
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
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The Didemnins: Biological Properties, Chemistry and Total Synthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-89558-5.50033-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Kobayashi J, Ishibashi M. Chapter 2 Marine Alkaloids II. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0099-9598(08)60105-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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Reetz MT. Neue Wege zur Nutzung von Aminosäuren als chirale Bausteine in der organischen Synthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1991. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19911031204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kessler H, Mronga S, Will M, Schmidt U. Solution Structure of [Me-L-Leu7]Didemnin B Determined by NMR Spectroscopy and Refined by MD Calculation. Helv Chim Acta 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19900730104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Stereocontrolled synthesis of N,O-dimethyl-γ-amino-β-hydroxy acids : analogues of the (R)-MeIle-ψ(CHOMe)-Gly residue of the cytotoxic marine pseudopeptide dolastatin 10. Tetrahedron 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)88373-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Chapter 21. Macrocyclic Immunomodulators. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(08)61597-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Burke TR, Chandrasekhar B. Preparative reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography in the synthesis of viscosin, a cyclic depsipeptide. J Chromatogr A 1989; 484:293-8. [PMID: 2613788 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)88976-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The importance of peptides in biochemical research and the facility with which they can be prepared by solid-phase techniques highlights the need for continuing research in the chromatographic purification of these molecules on a preparative scale. In this regard, synthesis of the cyclic depsipeptide antibiotic, viscosin, has provided the opportunity to demonstrate the use of radial compression cartridge technology in the reversed-phase purification of three key peptide intermediates on a scale of several hundred milligrams. Superior resolution of linear and cyclic peptide mixtures on a Bondapak C18 radial compression cartridge by using an aqueous acetonitrile solvent system containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid contributed significantly to the first total synthesis of viscosin, and demonstrates the applicability of this system to the purification of peptide mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Burke
- Peptide Technologies Corporation, Washington, DC 20017
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