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Chambers GE, Sayan AE, Brown RCD. The synthesis of biologically active indolocarbazole natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:1794-1820. [PMID: 33666619 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00096e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2020The indolocarbazoles, in particular indolo[2,3-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazole derivatives, are an important class of natural products that exhibit a wide range of biological activities. There has been a plethora of synthetic approaches to this family of natural products, leading to advances in chemical methodology, as well as affording access to molecular scaffolds central to protein kinase drug discovery programmes. In this review, we compile and summarise the synthetic approaches to the indolo[2,3-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazole derivatives, spanning the period from their isolation in 1980 up to 2020. The selected natural products include indolocarbazoles not functionalised at indolic nitrogen, pyranosylated indolocarbazoles, furanosylated indolocarbazoles and disaccharideindolocarbazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- George E Chambers
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - A Emre Sayan
- University of Southampton Cancer Sciences Division, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Richard C D Brown
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
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2
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Mizota I, Maeda M, Imoto K, Shimizu M. Synthesis of Tetramic Acid Derivatives via a Tandem Umpolung Alkylation/Reduction/Cyclization Reaction of γ-Hydrazono β-Ketoester. Org Lett 2020; 22:3079-3083. [PMID: 32227901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient method for the one-pot synthesis of tetramic acid derivatives was developed utilizing tandem umpolung N-alkylation/reduction/cyclization of γ-hydrazono β-ketoester. By using this reaction as a key step, the total synthesis of the 3-spiro 7-hydroxamic acid tetralin which possesses an HDAC inhibitory activity was also achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Mizota
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Miki Maeda
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Kiho Imoto
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Makoto Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.,School of Energy Science and Engineering College, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu Province, China
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Metal-Catalyzed and Metal-Mediated Approaches to the Synthesis and Functionalization of Tetramic Acids. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The heterocyclic ring of tetramic acids is found in naturally occurred biologically active products isolated from fungi, bacteria, molds, and sponges. Thus, these molecules have attracted significant attention as synthetic targets, and various synthetic paths have been developed. Over recent years, a growing number of catalytic approaches toward functionalized products have been established in order to overcome the limitations of the conventional methods. The present review describes the strategies for the metal-catalyzed and metal-promoted synthesis and further derivatization of tetramic acids, with emphasis on recent examples from the literature.
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Rezvanian A, Heravi MM, Shaabani Z, Tajbakhsh M. Five-component synthesis of dihydropyridines based on diketene. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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Heravi M, Talaei B. Diketene as Privileged Synthon in the Syntheses of Heterocycles Part 1. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Pelkey ET, Pelkey SJ, Greger JG. De Novo Synthesis of 3-Pyrrolin-2-Ones. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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7
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Haque A, Nishino H. Mn(III)-catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of 3-Alkyl-4-hydroxy-1H-pyrrol-2(5H)-ones in the Presence of 1,1-Diarylethenes. Synthesis of Stable 8-Aza-1-hydroxy-2,3-dioxabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-7-one Framework. J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aminul Haque
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kumamoto University; Kurokami 2-39-1 Kumamoto 860-8555 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kumamoto University; Kurokami 2-39-1 Kumamoto 860-8555 Japan
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Barhoumi-Slimi TM, Essalah K, Sanhoury MAK, Ourévitch M, El Gaied MM. Diels–Alder reaction of β-chloro-α,β-unsaturated aldehydes with cyclopentadiene: an experimental and theoretical study. Struct Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-013-0339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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3-aminopyrrole-2,5-diones 3*. Synthesis of benzenehexa-carboxylic acid trimethylimide and 1,1′-dimethyl-4-methylamino-[3,3′]bipyrrolyl-2,5,2′,5′-tetraone by the reaction of 1-methyl-3-methylaminopyrrole-2,5-dione with hydrogen chloride. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-009-0355-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Schobert R, Schlenk A. Tetramic and tetronic acids: an update on new derivatives and biological aspects. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:4203-21. [PMID: 18334299 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2007] [Revised: 02/18/2008] [Accepted: 02/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Significant developments in the isolation of tetramic acids and tetronic acids, in the elucidation of their biosyntheses and their biological activities and in laboratory syntheses are reviewed with a focus on those derivatives with medicinal and pharmacological relevance. Important new members of the title compound families isolated since the year 2000 are covered as well as new biological aspects of some earlier congeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
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Mitton-Fry MJ, Cullen AJ, Sammakia T. The total synthesis of the oxopolyene macrolide RK-397. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:1066-70. [PMID: 17051569 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200602601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Mitton-Fry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, 215 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0215, USA
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Mitton-Fry M, Cullen A, Sammakia T. The Total Synthesis of the Oxopolyene Macrolide RK-397. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200602601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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14
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Gelin S, Chantegrel B, Chabannet M. Synthesis of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-6h-furo[3,4-c]pyrazole and 4-oxo-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-C]pyrazole Systems from Acyl Tetronic and Tetramic Acids. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00397918208065948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Schobert R, Jagusch C. An expedient synthesis of 3-acyltetramic acids of the melophlin family from α-aminoesters and immobilized Ph3PCCO. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Synthesis of 5-substituted 4-aminoalkylpyrazol-3-ones (isoxazol-3-ones) from 3-acyllactams. Russ Chem Bull 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-005-0240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Lemarchand A, Bach T. Synthesis of a para-quinone macrolactam related to geldanamycin by ring closing metathesis. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.06.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Gossauer A. Monopyrrolic natural compounds including tetramic acid derivatives. FORTSCHRITTE DER CHEMIE ORGANISCHER NATURSTOFFE = PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS. PROGRES DANS LA CHIMIE DES SUBSTANCES ORGANIQUES NATURELLES 2003; 86:1-188. [PMID: 12899123 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6029-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Gossauer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Knölker HJ, Reddy KR. Isolation and synthesis of biologically active carbazole alkaloids. Chem Rev 2002; 102:4303-427. [PMID: 12428991 DOI: 10.1021/cr020059j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1073] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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Nishino H, Alam Chowdhury F, Kurosawa K. Simple Route to Azabicyclic Peroxides from Tetramic Acid Derivatives Using Manganese(III)-based Molecular Oxygen Trapping Reaction. HETEROCYCLES 1999. [DOI: 10.3987/com-98-8417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Wender PA, Dore TM. A formal synthesis of crinipellin B based on the arene-alkene meta-photocycloaddition reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(98)01965-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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22
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Chowdhury FA, Nishino H, Kurosawa K. One-pot synthesis of azabicyclic peroxides from tetramic acid derivatives by manganese(III)-mediated oxidative [2+2+2]cycloaddition. Tetrahedron Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(98)01765-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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23
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Göttlich R, Schopfer U, Stahl M, Hoffmann RW. Flexible Molecules with Defined Shape, VII. Conformational Analysis of 3,5-Dimethylhexene Derivatives, Subunits of Polyketide Derived Natural Products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.199719970819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Papageorgiou G, Corrie JE. Synthesis and properties of carbamoyl derivatives of photolabile benzoins. Tetrahedron 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(97)00009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Synthesis of the Tetramic Acid Antibiotics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-81780-8.50009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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26
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Advances in Tetramic Acid Chemistry. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(08)60888-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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27
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Ikegami S, Okamura H, Kuroda S, Katsuki T, Yamaguchi M. Stereoselective Synthesis of (±)-Ireland Alcohol Using Titanium-Mediated [2,3]Wittig Rearrangement Product as a Starting Material. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1992. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.65.1841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Ley SV, Smith SC, Woodward PR. Further reactions of t-butyl 3-oxobutanthioate and t-butyl 4-diethyl-phosphono-3-oxobutanthioate : Carbonyl coupling reactions, amination, use in the preparation of 3-acyltetramic acids and application to the total synthesis of fuligorubin A. Tetrahedron 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)88210-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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A concise route to a key intermediate in the total syntheses of (+)-tirandamycic acid and (-)-tirandamycin a †. Tetrahedron 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)85948-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Lithium n-benzyltrimethylsilylamide (LSA): a new reagent for conjugate addition - enolate trapping reactions. Tetrahedron 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)86664-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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31
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Ley SV, Woodward PR. The use of β-ketothioesters for the exceptionally mild preparation of β-ketoamides. Tetrahedron Lett 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)96273-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Chantegrel B, Nadi AI, Gelin S. Synthesis of some 3-alkenyl-4-oxo-1-phenyl-5,6-dihydro-1 H,4 H, -pyrano[2,3- C]pyrazole derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 1985. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570220121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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34
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Synthesis of racemic domincalure ? The aggregation pheromone of the lesser grain borerRhyzopertha dominica. Chem Nat Compd 1985. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00574261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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35
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Kelly T, Arvanitis A. A synthon for chiral glycolate enolate (rohcoor'): a camphor-based oxazoline. Tetrahedron Lett 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)91142-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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36
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Kochhar KS, Carson HJ, Clouser KA, Elling JW, Gramens LA, Parry JL, Sherman HL, Braat K, Pinnick HW. Synthesis of 4-alkoxy-Δ3-pyrrolin-2-ones and tetramic acids. Tetrahedron Lett 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)90063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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37
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Capraro HG, Martin P, Winkler T. [2+2]-Cycloaddition von Ketenen an �Maleinisoimide� und �berf�hrung der spiroverkn�pften ??-Laktame in Mucons�ure- und Tetrams�urederivate. Helv Chim Acta 1983. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19830660132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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38
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Jones RC, Peterson GE. Directed metallation of tetramic acids: a new synthesis of 3-acyl tetramic acids. Tetrahedron Lett 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)86248-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jones RC, Peterson GE. Acylation of pyrrolidine-2,4-diones : boron difluoride complexes of 3-acyl tetramic acids. Tetrahedron Lett 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)86250-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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A facile construction of the 2,9-dioxabicyclo-[3.3.1]- non-7-en-6-one ring system: A model for tirandanycin. Tetrahedron Lett 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)92371-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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DiCioccio RA, Srivastava BI, Rinehart KL, Lee VJ, Branfman AR, Li LH. Structure-activity relationship, selectivity and mode of inhibition of terminal deoxyribonucleotidyltransferase by streptolydigin analogs. Biochem Pharmacol 1980; 29:2001-8. [PMID: 6985561 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(80)90484-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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McClure W. On the mechanism of streptolydigin inhibition of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. J Biol Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)86076-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Tanaka K, Yamagishi N, Tanikaga R, Kaji A. New Methods for Synthesis of α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Esters from Carbonyl Compounds Using Monoanions of Dithiocarbonates, and Dianions of Ethyl Mercaptoacetate and Ethyl 2-Mercaptopropionate. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1979. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.52.3619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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