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Kem WR, Soti F, Rocca JR, Johnson JV. New Pyridyl and Dihydroisoquinoline Alkaloids Isolated from the Chevron Nemertean Amphiporus angulatus. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:141. [PMID: 38667758 DOI: 10.3390/md22040141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Nemertean worms contain toxins that are used to paralyze their prey and to deter potential predators. Hoplonemerteans often contain pyridyl alkaloids like anabaseine that act through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and crustacean chemoreceptors. The chemical reactivity of anabaseine, the first nemertean alkaloid to be identified, has been exploited to make drug candidates selective for alpha7 subtype nAChRs. GTS-21, a drug candidate based on the anabaseine scaffold, has pro-cognitive and anti-inflammatory actions in animal models. The circumpolar chevron hoplonemertean Amphiporus angulatus contains a multitude of pyridyl compounds with neurotoxic, anti-feeding, and anti-fouling activities. Here, we report the isolation and structural identification of five new compounds, doubling the number of pyridyl alkaloids known to occur in this species. One compound is an isomer of the tobacco alkaloid anatabine, another is a unique dihydroisoquinoline, and three are analogs of the tetrapyridyl nemertelline. The structural characteristics of these ten compounds suggest several possible pathways for their biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Kem
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1200 Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Ferenc Soti
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1200 Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - James R Rocca
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Facility, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Jodie V Johnson
- Mass Spectrometry Research and Education Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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Dong YL, Li XM, Wang YR, Shi XS, Wang BG, Meng LH. Oxepine-containing pyrazinopyrimidine alkaloids and quinolinone derivatives produced by Aspergillus versicolor AS-212, a deep-sea-derived endozoic fungus. Fitoterapia 2023; 168:105559. [PMID: 37271296 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Four new oxepine-containing pyrazinopyrimidine alkaloids, versicoxepines A - D (1-4), two quinolinone alkaloid analogs including 3-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-phenylquinolin-2(1H)-one (5) and 3-methoxy-6-hydroxy-4-phenylquinolin-2(1H)-one (6) which were new naturally occurring compounds, together with two known compounds (7 and 8) were isolated from Aspergillus versicolor AS-212, an endozoic fungus isolated from the deep-sea coral Hemicorallium cf. imperiale, which was collected from the Magellan Seamounts in the Western Pacific Ocean. Their structures were determined by extensive analysis of the spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic data as well as by chiral HPLC analysis, ECD calculation, and DP4+ probability prediction. Structurally, versicoxepines B and C (2 and 3) represent the first example of a new oxepine-containing pyrazinopyrimidine alkaloid whose cyclic dipeptide moiety is composed of the same type of amino acid (Val or Ile). Compound 5 displayed antibacterial activity against aquatic pathogens, Vibrio harveyi and V. alginolyticus, with MICs of 8 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Liang Dong
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ran Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Shan Shi
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin-Gui Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Wenhai Road 1, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ling-Hong Meng
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Wenhai Road 1, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China.
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Zheng L, Guo PJ, Zhu Y, Li CY, Wang WQ, Xuan LJ. Five undescribed guanidine alkaloids from Plumbago zeylanica. Fitoterapia 2023; 168:105538. [PMID: 37178808 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Five undescribed guanidine alkaloids, plumbagines HK (1-4) and plumbagoside E (5), as well as five known analogues (6-10) were isolated from the roots of Plumbago zeylanica. Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods. In addition, 1-10 were accessed their anti-inflammatory activities by measuring nitric oxide (NO) concentrations in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. However, all compounds especially 1 and 3-5 could not inhibit the secretion of NO but significant increase the secretion of NO. The result reminded us that 1-10 may become potential novel immune potentiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Peng-Ju Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Chen-Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Wen-Qiong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Li-Jiang Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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Wen SS, Li P, Gao W. [Characterization and identification of alkaloids in Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex and Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex based on UHPLC-IM-Q-TOF-MS]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2023; 48:3294-3307. [PMID: 37382014 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20221107.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
A strategy combining collision cross section(CCS) prediction and quantitative structure-retention relationship(QSRR) model for quinoline and isoquinoline alkaloids was established based on UHPLC-IM-Q-TOF-MS and applied to Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex and Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex. The strategy included the following three steps.(1) The molecular features were extracted by the "find features" algorithm.(2) The potential quinoline and isoquinoline alkaloids were screened by filtering the original characteristic ions extracted from Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex and Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex by the established CCS vs m/z prediction interval.(3) According to the retention time of candidate compounds predicted by QSRR model, the chemical constituents were identified in combination with the characteristic fragment ions and pyrolysis law of secondary mass spectrometry. With the strategy, a total of 80 compounds were predicted, and 15 were identified accurately. The strategy is effective for the identification of small analogs of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Wen
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ping Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Wen Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198, China
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Saetang J, Tedasen A, Sangkhathat S, Sangkaew N, Dokduang S, Prompat N, Taraporn S, Graidist P. The attenuation effect of low piperine Piper nigrum extract on doxorubicin-induced toxicity of blood chemical and immunological properties in mammary tumour rats. Pharm Biol 2022; 60:96-107. [PMID: 34962450 PMCID: PMC8735876 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.2018470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Many natural extracts have been shown to minimize the toxicity of doxorubicin (Dox). Low piperine Piper nigrum L. (Piperaceae) extract (PFPE) is a natural extract containing many types of antioxidants that may reduce Dox toxicities. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of PFPE in attenuating the side effects of Dox. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tumour-bearing Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups including normal, vehicle, 100 mg/kg BW of PFPE plus 2 mg/kg BW of Dox (P100 + Dox), 100 mg/kg BW of PFPE plus 2 mg/kg BW of Dox (P200 + Dox) and Dox. Rats were treated with Dox and/or PFPE three times/week for 4 weeks. Tumour burden, blood parameters, weight of internal organs and immunological data were investigated. RESULTS The addition of 200 mg/kg PFPE significantly restored the levels of AST from 174.60 ± 45.67 U/L in the Dox group near to normal levels at 109.80 ± 4.99 U/L. The combination of PFPE and Dox also decreased the levels of CXCL7, TIMP-1, sICAM-1 and l-selectin about 1.4-1.6-fold compared to Dox group. Feeding rats with 200 mg/kg BW of PFPE combination with Dox slightly increased Th1 from 161.67 ± 14.28 cells in Dox group to 200.75 ± 5.8 cells meanwhile suppressed Treg from 3088 ± 78 cells in Dox to 2561 ± 71 cells. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS This study showed that PFPE ameliorated Dox toxicity in many aspects indicating the role of antioxidant and other substances in the extract on toxicity attenuation. This suggested the using of PFPE may be valuable for Dox treated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirakrit Saetang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
- EZ-Mol-Design Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Aman Tedasen
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health, Walailak University, Thai Buri, Thailand
| | - Surasak Sangkhathat
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Natnaree Sangkaew
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Sirinapa Dokduang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Napat Prompat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn Taraporn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Potchanapond Graidist
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
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Hendra R, Salib MN, Molinski TF. Spiroisoxazoline Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase from Pseudoceratina verrucosa. Quantitative Chiroptical Analysis of Configurational Heterogeneity, and Total Synthesis of (±)-Methyl Purpuroceratate C. J Nat Prod 2022; 85:2207-2216. [PMID: 36095307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Examination of the MeOH extract of the sponge, Pseudoceratina cf. verrucosa, Berquist 1995 collected near Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia for selective acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, yielded five new bromotyrosine alkaloids, methyl purpuroceratates A and B (1b and 2b), purpuroceratic acid C (3a), and ningalamides A and B (4 and 5). The structures of 1-4 share the dibromo-spirocyclohexadienyl-isoxazoline (SIO) ring system found in purealidin-R, while ketoxime 5 is analogous to ianthelline and purpurealidin I. The planar structures of all five compounds were obtained from analysis of MS, 1D and 2D NMR data, and the absolute configuration of the spiroisoxazoline (SIO) unit was assigned by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and comparison with standards prepared by total synthesis of methyl purpuroceratate C, (±)-3b. Compound 4 is the most complex SIO described, to date. The configuration of the homoserine module (C) in 4 was ascertained, after acid hydrolysis, by derivatization of an l-tryptophanamide derivative based on Marfey's reagent. Chiral-phase HPLC, with comparison to synthetic standards, revealed that most SIOs isolated from P. cf. verrucosa were configurationally heterogeneous; some, essentially racemic. Chiral-phase HPLC, with UV-ECD detection, is demonstrated as a superlative method for configurational assignment and quantitation of the enantiomeric composition of SIOs. Two SIOs─aerophobin-1 and aplysinamisine II─emerged as selective inhibitors of AChE over butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE, IC50 ratio >10), while aplysamine-2 moderately inhibited both cholinesterases (ChEs, IC50, (AChE) 0.46 μM; IC50, (BuChE) 1.03 μM). SIO alkaloids represent a potential new structural manifold for lead-discovery of new therapeutics for treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudi Hendra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Riau, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Pekanbaru 28293, Indonesia
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Kurimoto SI, Suzuki S, Ueno M, Fromont J, Kobayashi J, Kubota T. Zamamiphidins B and C, Manzamine-Related Alkaloids from an Amphimedon sp. Marine Sponge Collected in Okinawa. J Nat Prod 2022; 85:2226-2231. [PMID: 36047675 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Zamamiphidins B (1) and C (2), two new manzamine-related alkaloids with an unprecedented fused diazahexacyclic ring system, were isolated from an Amphimedon sp. marine sponge collected in Okinawa. The structures of zamamiphidins B (1) and C (2) including the relative configurations were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichiro Kurimoto
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
- School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Shoichi Suzuki
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ueno
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - Jane Fromont
- Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC, WA 6986, Australia
| | - Jun'ichi Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kubota
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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Kumari S, Kumar R, Singh R, Aggarwal G, Agrawal P, Sahal D, Sharma U. Antiplasmodial diterpenoid alkaloid from Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. ex Royle: Isolation, characterization, and UHPLC-DAD based quantification. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 287:114931. [PMID: 34942322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. ex Royle is a traditionally important medicinal plant having numerous therapeutic actions as documented in Ayurveda. This plant is traditionally known for combating worm infestation, fever, respiratory tract disease, vomiting, diarrhoea, diabetes, skin disorders, anaemia, and joint disorders. Further, it has been used alone and in combination with other plants to prepare various anti-malarial formulations. However, there is no report on the assessment of its anti-plasmodial activity, and the metabolite(s) responsible for this activity. AIM OF THE STUDY The main aim of this study was to conduct phytochemical investigation of A. heterophyllum roots for the preparation of extract, fractions, and isolation of pure molecules to identify active fractions/molecules responsible for the anti-plasmodial activity, and development of UHPLC-DAD based analytical method which can be used for the quantification of marker compounds in the extracts and fractions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hydroalcoholic extract (1:1 v/v) and fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water) were prepared from the dried powdered roots of A. heterophyllum. Fractions were further subjected to silica gel column chromatography to isolate pure specialized secondary metabolites from this plant. All extracts, fractions, and pure molecules were evaluated against the chloroquine resistant Pf INDO and chloroquine sensitive Pf3D7 strains in culture for calculating their IC50 values. UHPLC-DAD based analytical method was also developed for the first time for the quantification of marker compounds and quality assessment of this commercially important Himalayan medicinal plant. RESULTS Phytochemical investigation of A. heterophyllum root led to the isolation of six specialized metabolites viz. 2-O-cinnamoyl hetisine (1), atisinium (2), 4-oxabicyclo [3.2.2] nona-1(7),5,8-triene (3), atisinium cinnamate (4), aconitic acid (5), and atisinium formate (6). Compound 1 is a new hetisine type diterpenoid alkaloid, compounds 4 and 6 are new counter ionic forms observed with atisinium ion, and compound 3 is being reported for the first time from this genus. Chloroform fraction was found to be the most active with IC50 (μg/mL) 1.01 (Pf INDO) and 1.32 (Pf3D7). The molecule 2-O-cinnamoyl hetisine (1), a new diterpenoid alkaloid isolated from chloroform fraction, showed promising antiplasmodial activities with IC50 (μM) 1.92 (Pf INDO) and 10.8 (Pf 3D7). The activity of chloroform fraction was further validated by the developed UHPLC-DAD based method as the quantity of 2-O-cinnamoyl hetisine (1) was higher in the chloroform fraction (≅200 mg/g) than in all other fractions (<7 mg/g). Atisinium (2) and 2-O-cinnamoyl hetisine (1) were found to be the main marker compounds of this plant based on quantity and antiplasmodial activity, respectively. CONCLUSION This study provides the scientific rationale for the traditional use of this plant in treating malaria. Further, this study revealed that the anti-malarial potential of this plant might be due to the presence of diterpenoid alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surekha Kumari
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India; Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Raman Singh
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Gaurav Aggarwal
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India
| | - Prakhar Agrawal
- Malaria Drug Discovery Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Dinkar Sahal
- Malaria Drug Discovery Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Upendra Sharma
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Xu PL, Cheng CS, Jiao JY, Chen H, Chen Z, Li P. Matrine injection inhibits pancreatic cancer growth via modulating carbonic anhydrases- a network pharmacology-based study with in vitro validation. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 287:114691. [PMID: 34597654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Matrine injection is a complex mixture of plant bioactive substances extracted from Sophora flavescens Aiton and Smilax glabra Roxb. Since its approval by the Chinese Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) in 1995, Matrine injection has been clinically used as a complementary and alternative treatment for various cancers; however, the underlying mechanism of pancreatic cancer treatment is yet to be elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study explores the potential mechanism of matrine injection on pancreatic cancer through network pharmacology technique and in vitro experimental validation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genes differentially expressed in pancreatic cancer were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE101448). The potential active components of matrine injection were selected following a literature search, and target prediction was performed by the SwissTarget Prediction database. Overlapping genes associated with survival were screened by the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database. In vitro experimental validation was performed with cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, apoptosis detection, cell cycle analysis, immunoblotting, and co-immunoprecipitation of the identified proteins. RESULTS One thousand seven hundred genes differentially expressed among pancreatic tumor and non-tumor tissues were screened out. Sixteen active components and 226 predicted target genes were identified in matrine injection. A total of 25 potential target genes of matrine injection for the treatment of pancreatic cancer were obtained. Among them, the prognostic target genes carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) and carbonic anhydrase 12 (CA12) based on the GEPIA database are differently expressed in tumors compared to adjacent normal tissue. In vitro experiments, the results of CCK-8 assay, apoptosis and cell cycle analysis, immunoblotting, and co-immunoprecipitation showed that matrine injection inhibited Capan-1 and Mia paca-2 proliferation, arrested the cell cycle at the S phase, and induced apoptosis through up-regulated CA12 and down-regulated CA9. CONCLUSIONS In this study, bioinformatics and network pharmacology were applied to explore the treatment mechanism on pancreatic cancer with matrine injection. This study demonstrated that matrine injection inhibited proliferation, arrested the cell cycle, and induced apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells. The mechanism may be related to the induction of CA12 over-expression, and CA9 reduced expression. As novel targets for pancreatic cancer treatment, Carbonic anhydrases require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Ling Xu
- Department of Chinese Integrative Medicine Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China.
| | - Chien-Shan Cheng
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Ju-Ying Jiao
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Chinese Integrative Medicine Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China.
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Chen F, Pan Y, Xu J, Liu B, Song H. Research progress of matrine's anticancer activity and its molecular mechanism. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 286:114914. [PMID: 34919987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND and ethnopharmacological relevance: Matrine (MT), a type of alkaloid extracted from the Sophora family of traditional Chinese medicine, has been documented to exert a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-viral, anti-fibrosis, and cardiovascular protection. Sophora flavescens Aiton is a traditional Chinese medicine that is bitter and cold. Additionally, it also exhibits the effects of clearing heat, eliminating dampness, expelling insects, and promoting urination. Malignant tumors are the most important medical issue and are also the second leading cause of death worldwide. Numerous natural substances have recently been revealed to have potent anticancer properties, and several have been used in clinical trials. AIMS OF THE STUDY To summarize the antitumor effects and associated mechanisms of MT, we compiled this review by combining a huge body of relevant literature and our previous research. MATERIALS AND METHODS As demonstrated, we grouped the pharmacological effects of MT via a PubMed search. Further, we described the mechanism and current pharmacological research on MT's antitumor activity. RESULTS Additionally, extensive research has demonstrated that MT possesses superior antitumor properties, including accelerating cell apoptosis, inhibiting tumor cell growth and proliferation, inducing cell cycle arrest, inhibiting cancer metastasis and invasion, inhibiting angiogenesis, inducing autophagy, reversing multidrug resistance and inhibiting cell differentiation, thus indicating its significant potential for cancer treatment and prognosis. CONCLUSION This article summarizes current advances in research on the anticancer properties of MT and its molecular mechanism, to provide references for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Chen
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Yunxia Pan
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, China.
| | - Hang Song
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China.
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11
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Alhadrami HA, Burgio G, Thissera B, Orfali R, Jiffri SE, Yaseen M, Sayed AM, Rateb ME. Neoechinulin A as a Promising SARS-CoV-2 Mpro Inhibitor: In Vitro and In Silico Study Showing the Ability of Simulations in Discerning Active from Inactive Enzyme Inhibitors. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20030163. [PMID: 35323462 PMCID: PMC8955780 DOI: 10.3390/md20030163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and its continuing emerging variants emphasize the need to discover appropriate treatment, where vaccines alone have failed to show complete protection against the new variants of the virus. Therefore, treatment of the infected cases is critical. This paper discusses the bio-guided isolation of three indole diketopiperazine alkaloids, neoechinulin A (1), echinulin (2), and eurocristatine (3), from the Red Sea-derived Aspergillus fumigatus MR2012. Neoechinulin A (1) exhibited a potent inhibitory effect against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro with IC50 value of 0.47 μM, which is comparable to the reference standard GC376. Despite the structural similarity between the three compounds, only 1 showed a promising effect. The mechanism of inhibition is discussed in light of a series of extensive molecular docking, classical and steered molecular dynamics simulation experiments. This paper sheds light on indole diketopiperazine alkaloids as a potential structural motif against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Additionally, it highlights the potential of different molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation approaches in the discrimination between active and inactive structurally related Mpro inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani A. Alhadrami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80402, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80402, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agent Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80402, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaia Burgio
- School of Computing, Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK; (G.B.); (B.T.); (M.Y.)
| | - Bathini Thissera
- School of Computing, Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK; (G.B.); (B.T.); (M.Y.)
| | - Raha Orfali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Suzan E. Jiffri
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80402, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Yaseen
- School of Computing, Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK; (G.B.); (B.T.); (M.Y.)
| | - Ahmed M. Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.M.S.); (M.E.R.)
| | - Mostafa E. Rateb
- School of Computing, Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK; (G.B.); (B.T.); (M.Y.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.S.); (M.E.R.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-José U Ferreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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Dutta N, Pemmaraju DB, Ghosh S, Ali A, Mondal A, Majumder C, Nelson VK, Mandal SC, Misra AK, Rengan AK, Ravichandiran V, Che CT, Gurova KV, Gudkov AV, Pal M. Alkaloid-rich fraction of Ervatamia coronaria sensitizes colorectal cancer through modulating AMPK and mTOR signalling pathways. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 283:114666. [PMID: 34592338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ervatamia coronaria, a popular garden plant in India and some other parts of the world is known traditionally for its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. The molecular bases of these functions remain poorly understood. AIM OF THE STUDY Efficacies of the existing therapies for colorectal cancer (CRC) are limited by their life-threatening side effects and unaffordability. Therefore, identifying a safer, efficient, and affordable therapeutic is urgent. We studied the anti-CRC activity of an alkaloid-rich fraction of E. coronaria leaf extracts (AFE) and associated underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Activity guided solvant fractionation was adopted to identify the activity in AFE. Different cell lines, and tumor grown in syngeneic mice were used to understand the anti-CRC effect. Methodologies such as LCMS, MTT, RT-qPCR, immunoblot, immunohistochemistry were employed to understand the molecular basis of its activity. RESULTS We showed that AFE, which carries about six major compounds, is highly toxic to colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. AFE induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and p21 and p27 genes, while those of CDK2, CDK-4, cyclin-D, and cyclin-E genes were downregulated in HCT116 cells. It predominantly induced apoptosis in HCT116p53+/+ cells while the HCT116p53-/- cells under the same treatment condition died by autophagy. Notably, AFE induced upregulation of AMPK phosphorylation, and inhibition of both of the mTOR complexes as indicated by inhibition of phosphorylation of S6K1, 4EBP1, and AKT. Furthermore, AFE inhibited mTOR-driven conversion of cells from reversible cell cycle arrest to senescence (geroconversion) as well as ERK activity. AFE activity was independent of ROS produced, and did not primarily target the cellular DNA or cytoskeleton. AFE also efficiently regressed CT26-derived solid tumor in Balb/c mice acting alone or in synergy with 5FU through inducing autophagy as a major mechanism of action as indicated by upregulation of Beclin 1 and phospho-AMPK, and inhibition of phospho-S6K1 levels in the tumor tissue lysates. CONCLUSION AFE induced CRC death through activation of both apoptotic and autophagy pathways without affecting the normal cells. This study provided a logical basis for consideration of AFE in future therapy regimen to overcome the limitations associated with existing anti-CRC chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naibedya Dutta
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Deepak Bharadwaj Pemmaraju
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India; Department of Biomedical Engineering, IIT, Hyderabad, India
| | - Suvranil Ghosh
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Asif Ali
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Ayan Mondal
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Vinod K Nelson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhash C Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Anup K Misra
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - Chun-Tao Che
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Katerina V Gurova
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Andrei V Gudkov
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mahadeb Pal
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India.
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Li JS, Ji T, Su SL, Zhu Y, Chen XL, Shang EX, Guo S, Qian DW, Duan JA. Mulberry leaves ameliorate diabetes via regulating metabolic profiling and AGEs/RAGE and p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 283:114713. [PMID: 34626776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mulberry leaves have been used as traditional hypoglycemic medicine-food plant for thousand years in China. According to traditional Chinese medicine theory, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) belongs to the category of XiaoKe. Presently, the research of mulberry leaf hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering direction is mature, but the curative effects of alkaloids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, and other bioactive ingredients and the related mechanism is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This paper aims to study the efficacy and mechanism of alkaloids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, and other bioactive components in mulberry leaves in the treatment of T2DM individually. MATERIALS AND METHODS The determination of levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (T-Cho), and pyruvate kinase (PK), hexokinase (HK), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT/GPT) of in plasma of diabetic mice. Urine metabolomics was analyzed by UPLC-QTOF/MS to evaluate differential metabolites from multiple metabolic pathways. The glucose uptake of HepG2 cells and 3T3-L1 cells. Expression of Caspase-3 and caspase-9, inflammatory injury and p38MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in GLUTag cells. RESULTS Our study revealed alkaloids, flavonoids, and polysaccharides in mulberry leaf could increase the levels of PK, HK, and ALT/GPT, and decrease the levels of TG and T-Cho significantly, and regulate glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) and isoquercitrin (QG) both could increase glucose uptake and promote differentiation of HepG2 cells, increase PPARγ, C/EBPα and SREBP-l expression in 3T3-L1 cells, and inhibit AGEs-induced injury and apoptosis in GLUTag cells, reduce the expression of proteins related to AGEs/RAGE and p38MAPK/NF-κB pathway. Notably, isoquercitrin exhibited more pronounced anti-diabetic efficacy. CONCLUSIONS The alkaloids, flavonoids, and polysaccharides from mulberry leaf exhibited hypoglycemic activity through the regulation of glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism. 1-DNJ and QG increased glucose uptake and promoted differentiation of HepG2 cells, increased PPARγ, C/EBPα and SREBP-l expression in 3T3-L1 cells, and inhibited AGEs-induced injury and apoptosis in GLUTag cells via the AGEs/RAGE and p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Shang Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, And Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tao Ji
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, And Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shu-Lan Su
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, And Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yue Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, And Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xing-Ling Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, And Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Er-Xin Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, And Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Sheng Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, And Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Da-Wei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, And Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, And Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Alhassen L, Dabbous T, Ha A, Dang LHL, Civelli O. The Analgesic Properties of Corydalis yanhusuo. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247498. [PMID: 34946576 PMCID: PMC8704877 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Corydalis yanhusuo extract (YHS) has been used for centuries across Asia for pain relief. The extract is made up of more than 160 compounds and has been identified as alkaloids, organic acids, volatile oils, amino acids, alcohols, and sugars. However, the most crucial biological active constituents of YHS are alkaloids; more than 80 have been isolated and identified. This review paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the phytochemical and pharmacological effects of these alkaloids that have significant ties to analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamees Alhassen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (L.A.); (T.D.); (A.H.); (L.H.L.D.)
| | - Travis Dabbous
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (L.A.); (T.D.); (A.H.); (L.H.L.D.)
| | - Allyssa Ha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (L.A.); (T.D.); (A.H.); (L.H.L.D.)
| | - Leon Hoang Lam Dang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (L.A.); (T.D.); (A.H.); (L.H.L.D.)
| | - Olivier Civelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (L.A.); (T.D.); (A.H.); (L.H.L.D.)
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Correspondence:
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Ibeh LN, Ijioma SN, Emmanuel O, Timothy CO, Ugbogu EA. Psidium guajava leaf extract improves gastrointestinal functions in rats and rabbits: an implication for ulcer and diarrhoea management. Biomarkers 2021; 26:737-746. [PMID: 34634977 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.1992651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Psidium guajava L. (Family, Myrtaceae) is reportedly used in ethnomedicine for the treatment of diarrhoea, inflammation, and gastroenteritis. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the gastrointestinal function of Psidium guajava leaf extract (PGLE) in rats and rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODS Crude ethanolic PGLE was subjected to phytochemical and toxicity tests (acute and sub-acute). Standard analytical procedures were employed to evaluate the in vivo gastrointestinal motility, and gastroprotective effect of PGLE against aspirin-induced ulcers. RESULTS In the phytochemical analysis, phenols were the highest (48.32 mg) followed by flavonoids (32.74 mg) and least in tannins (7.31 mg). The acute toxicity of PGLE was >6000 mg/kg. Administration of PGLE decreased significantly (p < 0.05) the body weight, while the liver biomarkers were not significantly altered (p > 0.05) when compared to the control. PGLE significantly increased extractible mucus weight and lowered gastric acid secretion in rats (p < 0.05). PGLE decreased significantly (p < 0.05) ulcer scores and indexes, and increased percentage ulcer inhibition in a dose-dependent manner compared to the negative and omeprazole-treated groups. PGLE dose-dependently inhibited basal amplitudes of contractions, and significantly inhibited acetylcholine-induced contractions, terminating them completely at higher doses. CONCLUSION PGLE may be a good anti-ulcer and anti-diarrhoeal agent, raising the prospect of novel drug development for such applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Ngozi Ibeh
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Nnah Ijioma
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Okezie Emmanuel
- Department of Biochemistry, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria
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Gou ZP, Zhao YL, Zou LL, Wang Y, Shu SQ, Zhu XH, Zheng L, Shen Q, Luo Z, Miao J, Wang YS, Luo XD, Feng P. The safety and tolerability of alkaloids from Alstonia scholaris leaves in healthy Chinese volunteers: a single-centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase I clinical trial. Pharm Biol 2021; 59:484-493. [PMID: 33899689 PMCID: PMC8086589 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1893349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Capsule of alkaloids from the leaf of Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. (Apocynaceae) (CALAS) is a new investigational botanical drug (No. 2011L01436) for bronchitis, post-infectious cough and asthma. OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical safety and tolerability of CALAS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects were assigned to eight cohorts, and each received randomly CALAS or placebo in one of single ascending dose (SAD) of 8, 40, 120, 240, 360, 480, or in one of multiple ascending dose (MAD) of 40 or 120 mg, three times daily for 7 days. Each cohort contained two placebo subjects. RESULTS Sixty-two enrolled volunteers completed the study and no serious adverse events and clinically significant changes in vital signs, electrocardiography, and upper abdominal Doppler ultrasonography were observed. The ratios of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were reported in 11/46 (23.91%) of CALAS groups and 3/16 (18.75%) of the placebo group (p > 0.05), respectively, based on the results of SAD and MAD. All TEAEs were mild, transient, and disappeared without any intervention. The TEAEs possibly related to CALAS treatment were as followings: hiccups (4/46: 8%), dry mouth and nausea (3/46: 6%), increased sleep (2/46: 4%), abdominal distension (1/46: 2%), bilirubin elevated (1/46: 2%). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS CALAS is safe and well-tolerated with no unexpected or clinically relevant safety concerns up to a single dose of 360 mg and three times daily for 7 days up to 120 mg in healthy Chinese volunteers, supporting further Phase II studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Ping Gou
- Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Ling Zou
- Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Qing Shu
- Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhu
- Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zheng
- Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Shen
- Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhu Luo
- Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Miao
- Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Sheng Wang
- Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Feng
- Institute of Drug Clinical Trials, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Tang BQ, Li ZW, Li L, Li BJ, Bian YQ, Yu GD, Chang Y, Lee SMY, Zhang XQ. New iboga-type alkaloids from Ervatamia officinalis and their anti-inflammatory activity. Fitoterapia 2021; 156:105085. [PMID: 34793883 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.105085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Four new iboga-type alkaloids, ervaoffines H-K (1-4), along with five known compounds were obtained from the aerial parts of Ervatamia officinalis. The absolute configurations of 1-4 were confirmed by X-ray diffraction and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analyses. The isolates were tested for their anti-inflammatory activity. Compounds 1, 5, 6, and 9 showed potential inhibitory effect of NO production in LPS-stimulated BV2 and RAW264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Qin Tang
- Department of Medical Science, Shunde Polytechnic, Foshan 528333, China.
| | - Zi-Wei Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Bao-Jing Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ya-Qi Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Guo-Dong Yu
- Department of Medical Science, Shunde Polytechnic, Foshan 528333, China
| | - Yu Chang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Cao H, Ji W, Liu Q, Li C, Huan Y, Lei L, Fu Y, Gao X, Liu Y, Liu S, Shen Z. Morus alba L. (Sangzhi) alkaloids (SZ-A) exert anti-inflammatory effects via regulation of MAPK signaling in macrophages. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 280:114483. [PMID: 34339793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Morus alba L. (Sangzhi) alkaloids (SZ-A) tablets have been approved by the China National Medical Products Administration for T2DM treatment. Our previous study (Liu et al., 2021) revealed that SZ-A protected against diabetes and inflammation in KKAy mice. However, the mechanism and components in SZ-A exerting anti-inflammatory effects are unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Investigate the effects and molecular mechanisms of SZ-A on inflammation, and identify anti-inflammatory active components in SZ-A. MATERIALS AND METHODS The major ingredients in SZ-A were analyzed by HPLC and sulfuric acid - anthrone spectrophotometry. The inhibitory activities of SZ-A on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammation were determined in bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) and RAW264.7 cells. The cytokine levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in cell culture supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Gene expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were detected by qRT-PCR. The levels of protein phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, ERK, and JNK were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS The main components in SZ-A were found to be 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-D-arabinitol (DAB), fagomine (FAG), polysaccharide (APS), and arginine (ARG). SZ-A reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α secreted by LPS-induced RAW264.7 and BMDM cells. Simultaneously, the mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were all significantly suppressed by SZ-A in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, SZ-A inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, ERK, and JNK in BMDM and the activation of ERK and JNK signaling in RAW264.7 cells. We also observed that DNJ, DAB, FAG, and ARG markedly downregulated IL-6 and TNF-α cytokine levels, while APS did not have an obvious effect. CONCLUSIONS SZ-A attenuates inflammation at least partly by blocking the activation of p38 MAPK, ERK, and JNK signaling pathways. DNJ, FAG, DAB, and ARG are the main constituents in SZ-A that exert anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenming Ji
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Caina Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Huan
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yaxin Fu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Gao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuling Liu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuainan Liu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhufang Shen
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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20
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Fu XL, Zhou J, Tang WW, Liu Y, Li ZL, Li P, Chen J. Study on the compatibility effect and active constituents of Atractylodis Rhizoma in Ermiao Wan against Acute Gouty Arthritis. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 279:114353. [PMID: 34161798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ermiao Wan (EMW), composed of Atractylodis Rhizoma (AR) and Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex (PC), is a classical traditional Chinese medicine prescription having been used to treat the disease named "Tong Feng", which is described as "ache in bones and joints" with the same symptom of modern disease named acute gouty arthritis for many years in TCM clinical practice. Besides, both PC and AR were considered to be effective in anti-inflammatory according to modern pharmacological research. AIM OF THE STUDY Present study was undertaken to probe the compatibility rationality between the two herbs PC and AR in EMW and the active constituents of AR against acute gouty arthritis (AGA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Rat model of AGA was induced by intra-articular injection of monosodium urate (MSU) crystal suspension, and PC combined with or without different AR extracts were used for AGA treatment. Ankle joint swelling, proinflammatory cytokines in serum and pathological changes of synovium were investigated. Using the developed UHPLC-QQQ-MS method, the plasma concentrations of the primary alkaloids in PC, such as berberine, phellodendrine, magnoflorine, jatrorrhizine, berberrubine, palmatine, and tetrahydropalmatine, in AGA rat were determined, and pharmacokinetics properties were compared following oral administration of PC, PC combined with or without different AR extracts. RESULTS PC, PC combined with AR volatile oil (VO) extract or PC combined with whole AR extract significantly attenuated the ankle joint swelling of AGA rats. Besides, the combination of PC and VO extract of AR showed superior efficacy than other groups in ameliorating ankle joint swelling, reducing the IL-6 expression in serum and improving tissue lesions of ankle joints. Furthermore, it turned out that the VO extract of AR increased the blood exposure level of PC related alkaloids than non-volatile oil (NVO) extract of AR, by comparing the pharmacokinetic results of each group. CONCLUSIONS The VO components of AR were the key compatible materials to combine with PC in EMW for AGA treatment. Moreover, the enhanced anti-AGA activity of PC after combining with VO extract of AR may attribute to the influence of VO on the pharmacokinetics of PC. This study may provide useful information for elucidating the compatibility effects of AR in EMW against AGA.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Alkaloids/chemistry
- Alkaloids/isolation & purification
- Alkaloids/pharmacokinetics
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
- Arthritis, Gouty/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Gouty/physiopathology
- Atractylodes/chemistry
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Male
- Mass Spectrometry/methods
- Oils, Volatile/chemistry
- Oils, Volatile/isolation & purification
- Oils, Volatile/pharmacology
- Phellodendron/chemistry
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ling Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wei-Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zi-Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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21
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Chipiti T, Viljoen AM, Cordero-Maldonado ML, Veale CGL, Van Heerden FR, Sandasi M, Chen W, Crawford AD, Enslin GM. Anti-seizure activity of African medicinal plants: The identification of bioactive alkaloids from the stem bark of Rauvolfia caffra using an in vivo zebrafish model. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 279:114282. [PMID: 34118342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Epilepsy is one of the major chronic diseases that does not have a cure to date. Adverse drug reactions have been reported from the use of available anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) which are also effective in only two-thirds of the patients. Accordingly, the identification of scaffolds with promising anti-seizure activity remains an important first step towards the development of new anti-epileptic therapies, with improved efficacy and reduced adverse effects. Herbal medicines are widely used in developing countries, including in the treatment of epilepsy but with little scientific evidence to validate this use. In the search for new epilepsy treatment options, the zebrafish has emerged as a chemoconvulsant-based model for epilepsy, mainly because of the many advantages that zebrafish larvae offer making them highly suitable for high-throughput drug screening. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, 20 medicinal plants traditionally used in South Africa to treat epilepsy were screened for anti-epileptic activity using a zebrafish larvae model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Toxicity triaging was conducted on 120 crude extracts, 44 fractions and three isolated compounds to determine the maximum tolerated concentration (MTC) of each extract, fraction or compound. MTC values were used to guide the concentration range selection in bioactivity studies. The effectiveness of crude extracts, fractions and isolated compounds from Rauvolfia caffra Sond. in suppression of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced seizure-like behaviour in a 6-dpf zebrafish larvae model was measured using the PTZ assay. RESULTS Following a preliminary toxicity triage and bioactivity screen of crude extracts from 20 African plants used traditionally for the treatment and management of epilepsy, the methanolic extract of Rauvolfia caffra Sond. was identified as the most promising at suppressing PTZ induced seizure-like behaviour in a zebrafish larvae model. Subsequent bioactivity-guided fractionation and spectroscopic structural elucidation resulted in the isolation and identification of two tryptoline derivatives; a previously unreported alkaloid to which we assigned the trivial name rauverine H (1) and the known alkaloid pleiocarpamine (2). Pleiocarpamine was found to reduce PTZ-induced seizures in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Accordingly, pleiocarpamine represents a promising scaffold for the development of new anti-seizure therapeutic compounds. Furthermore, the results of this study provide preliminary evidence to support the traditional use of Rauvolfia caffra Sond. in the treatment and management of epilepsy. These findings warrant further studies on the anti-epileptic potential of Rauvolfia caffra Sond. using other models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talent Chipiti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Alvaro M Viljoen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; SAMRC Herbal Drugs Research Unit, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Maria L Cordero-Maldonado
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur- Alzette, 4362, Luxembourg
| | - Clinton G L Veale
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Pietermaritzburg Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa
| | - Fanie R Van Heerden
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Pietermaritzburg Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa
| | - Maxleene Sandasi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Weiyang Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Alexander D Crawford
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur- Alzette, 4362, Luxembourg; Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway; Institute for Orphan Drug Discovery, Bremer Innovations- und Technologiezentrum, Bremen, Germany
| | - Gill M Enslin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
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22
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Chaudhary NK, Taylor WC, Mander LN, Karuso P. Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Additional Alkaloids from the Tropical Rainforest Tree Galbulimima baccata. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:2525-2535. [PMID: 34491059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The structures of five new natural products (GB 27-GB 31, 1-5), isolated as minor components from the bark of Galbulimima baccata, have been determined by 2D NMR spectroscopy in combination with DFT calculations. Among the alkaloids, GB 31 (5) belongs to Class I, GB 27 (1) and 28 (2) belong to Class II, and GB 30 (4) belongs to Class III GB alkaloids. GB 31 is the first non-nitrogen-containing GB "alkaloid", being a biosynthetic oxidation product of himbacine, himandravine, or himbeline. GB 29 (3) has an entirely new natural product scaffold but belongs to Class IV (miscellaneous alkaloids). The isolation of a new Galbulimima scaffold has revealed a new pathway in the biosynthesis of the GB alkaloids. The new molecules isolated have shed further light on the biogenetic relationship among these structurally unique and complex groups of alkaloids. We present, for the first time, a unified biogenesis for the GB alkaloids that were first isolated in the 1950s and now number over 40 examples. This work also brings full circle the story of Galbulimima alkaloids. A life-long project of Wal Taylor involving one of his first students (Lew Mander) and one of his last students (Peter Karuso), a story stretching over six decades, has come to a final conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmal K Chaudhary
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Walter C Taylor
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lewis N Mander
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Peter Karuso
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
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23
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Luyao H, Luesch H, Uy M. GPCR Pharmacological Profiling of Aaptamine from the Philippine Sponge Stylissa sp. Extends Its Therapeutic Potential for Noncommunicable Diseases. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185618. [PMID: 34577088 PMCID: PMC8466755 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first isolation of the alkaloid aaptamine from the Philippine marine sponge Stylissa sp. Aaptamine possessed weak antiproliferative activity against HCT116 colon cancer cells and inhibited the proteasome in vitro at 50 µM. These activities may be functionally linked. Due to its known, more potent activity on certain G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), including α-adrenergic and δ-opioid receptors, the compound was profiled more broadly at sub-growth inhibitory concentrations against a panel of 168 GPCRs to potentially reveal additional targets and therapeutic opportunities. GPCRs represent the largest class of drug targets. The primary screen at 20 µM using the β-arrestin functional assay identified the antagonist, agonist, and potentiators of agonist activity of aaptamine. Dose-response analysis validated the α-adrenoreceptor antagonist activity of aaptamine (ADRA2C, IC50 11.9 µM) and revealed the even more potent antagonism of the β-adrenoreceptor (ADRB2, IC50 0.20 µM) and dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4, IC50 6.9 µM). Additionally, aaptamine showed agonist activity on selected chemokine receptors, by itself (CXCR7, EC50 6.2 µM; CCR1, EC50 11.8 µM) or as a potentiator of agonist activity (CXCR3, EC50 31.8 µM; CCR3, EC50 16.2 µM). These GPCRs play a critical role in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and neurological disorders. The results of this study may thus provide novel preventive and therapeutic strategies for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmie Luyao
- Department of Chemistry, Mindanao State University—Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines;
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery, and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery, and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (M.U.)
| | - Mylene Uy
- Department of Chemistry, Mindanao State University—Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines;
- Premier Research Institute of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao State University—Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (M.U.)
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24
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Chan ZY, Krishnan P, Modaresi SM, Hii LW, Mai CW, Lim WM, Leong CO, Low YY, Wong SK, Yong KT, Leong AZX, Lee MK, Ting KN, Lim KH. Monomeric, Dimeric, and Trimeric Tropane Alkaloids from Pellacalyx saccardianus. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:2272-2281. [PMID: 34342431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Seven new tropane alkaloids, including five monomeric (1-5), one dimeric (6), and one trimeric (7) 3α-nortropane ester, along with two known monomeric nortropane alkaloids (8 and 9), were isolated from the leaves and bark of Pellacalyx saccardianus. Their structures, including the absolute configuration of the enantiomeric pair of (±)-6, were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses. Alkaloids 6 and 7 showed cytotoxicity toward human pancreatic cancer cell lines (AsPC-1, BxPC3, PANC-1, and SW1990). Alkaloids 1, 4, and 9 induced a smooth muscle relaxation effect comparable to that of atropine (Emax 106.1 ± 7.5%, 97.0 ± 5.2%, 100.9 ± 1.4%, 111.7 ± 1.7%, respectively) on isolated rat tracheal rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yang Chan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Premanand Krishnan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Chun-Wai Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | | | | | - Yun-Yee Low
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soon-Kit Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kien-Thai Yong
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Alyssa Zi-Xin Leong
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mei-Kee Lee
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kang-Nee Ting
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kuan-Hon Lim
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
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25
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Imahori D, Μatsumoto T, Saito Y, Ohta T, Yoshida T, Nakayama Y, Watanabe T. Cell death-inducing activities via P-glycoprotein inhibition of the constituents isolated from fruits of Nandina domestica. Fitoterapia 2021; 154:105023. [PMID: 34428520 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.105023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Two new pyrrole alkaloids methyl-E-mangolamide (1) and methyl-Z-mangolamide (2), four new megastigmane glycosides nandinamegastigmanes I-IV (3-6), and eight known compounds (7-14) were isolated from the methanol extract of the fruits of Nandina domestica. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated based on chemical and spectroscopic evidence. The absolute stereochemistry of nandinamegastigmane I (3) was established upon comparing the experimental and predicted electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. Among the isolated compounds, 1 and 2 showed cell death-inducing activity on the Adriamycin-treated HeLa cells. In addition, one of the mechanisms for cell death-inducing activity of 1 and 2 was suggested as inhibition of P-glycoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Imahori
- Department of Public Health, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
| | - Takahiro Μatsumoto
- Department of Public Health, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan.
| | - Youhei Saito
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
| | - Tomoe Ohta
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan
| | - Tatsusada Yoshida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakayama
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Watanabe
- Department of Public Health, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan.
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26
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Venkatachalapathy D, Shivamallu C, Prasad SK, Thangaraj Saradha G, Rudrapathy P, Amachawadi RG, Patil SS, Syed A, Elgorban AM, Bahkali AH, Kollur SP, Basalingappa KM. Assessment of Chemopreventive Potential of the Plant Extracts against Liver Cancer Using HepG2 Cell Line. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154593. [PMID: 34361745 PMCID: PMC8348645 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The edible parts of the plants Camellia sinensis, Vitis vinifera and Withania somnifera were extensively used in ancient practices such as Ayurveda, owing to their potent biomedical significance. They are very rich in secondary metabolites such as polyphenols, which are very good antioxidants and exhibit anti-carcinogenic properties. This study aims to evaluate the anti-cancerous properties of these plant crude extracts on human liver cancer HepG2 cells. The leaves of Camellia sinensis, Withania somnifera and the seeds of Vitis vinifera were collected and methanolic extracts were prepared. Then, these extracts were subjected to DPPH, α- amylase assays to determine the antioxidant properties. A MTT assay was performed to investigate the viability of the extracts of HepG2 cells, and the mode of cell death was detected by Ao/EtBr staining and flow cytometry with PI Annexin- V FITC dual staining. Then, the protein expression of BAX and BCl2 was studied using fluorescent dye to determine the regulation of the BAX and BCl2 genes. We observed that all the three extracts showed the presence of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols or phytochemicals. The W. somnifera bioactive compounds were found to have the highest anti-proliferative activity on human liver cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepthi Venkatachalapathy
- Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, India;
| | - Chandan Shivamallu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570105, India; (S.K.P.); (G.T.S.)
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (S.P.K.); (K.M.B.)
| | - Shashanka K. Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570105, India; (S.K.P.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Gopenath Thangaraj Saradha
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570105, India; (S.K.P.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Parthiban Rudrapathy
- Malabar Cancer Centre, Department of Clinical Laboratory Services & Translational Research, Thalassery, Kannur 670103, India;
| | - Raghavendra G. Amachawadi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5606, USA;
| | - Sharanagouda S. Patil
- ICAR, National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560064, India;
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (A.M.E.); (A.H.B.)
| | - Abdallah M. Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (A.M.E.); (A.H.B.)
| | - Ali H. Bahkali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (A.M.E.); (A.H.B.)
| | - Shiva Prasad Kollur
- Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru Campus, Mysuru 570026, India
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (S.P.K.); (K.M.B.)
| | - Kanthesh M. Basalingappa
- Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, India;
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (S.P.K.); (K.M.B.)
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Huang YY, Chen L, Ma GX, Xu XD, Jia XG, Deng FS, Li XJ, Yuan JQ. A Review on Phytochemicals of the Genus Maytenus and Their Bioactive Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:4563. [PMID: 34361712 PMCID: PMC8347511 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Maytenus is a member of the Celastraceae family, of which several species have long been used in traditional medicine. Between 1976 and 2021, nearly 270 new compounds have been isolated and elucidated from the genus Maytenus. Among these, maytansine and its homologues are extremely rare in nature. Owing to its unique skeleton and remarkable bioactivities, maytansine has attracted many synthetic endeavors in order to construct its core structure. In this paper, the current status of the past 45 years of research on Maytenus, with respect to its chemical and biological activities are discussed. The chemical research includes its structural classification into triterpenoids, sesquiterpenes and alkaloids, along with several chemical synthesis methods of maytansine or maytansine fragments. The biological activity research includes activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as HIV inhibition, which can provide a theoretical basis for the better development and utilization of the Maytenus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Huang
- Scientific Experimental Center of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (Y.-Y.H.); (X.-G.J.); (F.-S.D.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Research Department of Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China;
| | - Guo-Xu Ma
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (G.-X.M.); (X.-D.X.)
| | - Xu-Dong Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (G.-X.M.); (X.-D.X.)
| | - Xue-Gong Jia
- Scientific Experimental Center of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (Y.-Y.H.); (X.-G.J.); (F.-S.D.)
| | - Fu-Sheng Deng
- Scientific Experimental Center of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (Y.-Y.H.); (X.-G.J.); (F.-S.D.)
| | - Xue-Jian Li
- Scientific Experimental Center of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (Y.-Y.H.); (X.-G.J.); (F.-S.D.)
| | - Jing-Quan Yuan
- Scientific Experimental Center of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (Y.-Y.H.); (X.-G.J.); (F.-S.D.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China
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28
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Xie Y, Guo L, Huang J, Huang X, Cong Z, Liu Q, Wang Q, Pang X, Xiang S, Zhou X, Liu Y, Wang J, Wang J. Cyclopentenone-Containing Tetrahydroquinoline and Geldanamycin Alkaloids from Streptomyces malaysiensis as Potential Anti-Androgens against Prostate Cancer Cells. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:2004-2011. [PMID: 34225450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Malaymycin (1), a new cyclopentenone-containing tetrahydroquinoline alkaloid, and mccrearamycin E (2), a geldanamycin analogue bearing a rare ring-contracted cyclopentenone moiety, and a C2-symmetric macrodiolide (7) were isolated from Streptomyces malaysiensis SCSIO41397. Their structures including absolute configurations were determined by detailed analyses of NMR and HRMS data and ECD calculations. The occurrence of mccrearamycin E (2) bearing a ring-contracted cyclopentenone is rare in the geldanamycin class. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicities against five cancer cell lines. As a result, compounds 1, 4, 5, and 7 showed cytotoxicity against some or all of the five cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.067 to 7.2 μM. In particular, compound 1 inhibited the growth of C42B and H446 cell lines with IC50 values of 67 and 70 nM, respectively. Malaymycin (1) significantly induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in C42B cell lines and caused cell shrinkage and inhibited the expression of the androgen receptor (AR) at both the mRNA and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. Further examination by qRT-PCR analysis showed that 1 strongly suppressed the expression of AR target genes KLK2 and KLK3 in the C42B and 22RV1 cell lines, which suggested that 1 might be a promising potential lead compound for the development of a treatment for the castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica/Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of the Ministry of Education of China, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Lang Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Department of Urology Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006,China
| | - Jie Huang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaolong Huang
- Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of the Ministry of Education of China, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ziwen Cong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica/Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of the Ministry of Education of China, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qianshu Wang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica/Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Songtao Xiang
- Department of Urology Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006,China
| | - Xuefeng Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica/Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- Sanya Institute of Oceanology, SCSIO, Yazhou Scientific Bay, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Yonghong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica/Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- Sanya Institute of Oceanology, SCSIO, Yazhou Scientific Bay, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Junjian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Junfeng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica/Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- Sanya Institute of Oceanology, SCSIO, Yazhou Scientific Bay, Sanya 572000, China
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Abstract
Marine and terrestrial environments are rich sources of various bioactive substances, which have been used by humans since prehistoric times. Nowadays, due to advances in chemical sciences, new substances are still discovered, and their chemical structures and biological properties are constantly explored. Drugs obtained from natural sources are used commonly in medicine, particularly in cancer and infectious diseases treatment. Naphthyridines, isolated mainly from marine organisms and terrestrial plants, represent prominent examples of naturally derived agents. They are a class of heterocyclic compounds containing a fused system of two pyridine rings, possessing six isomers depending on the nitrogen atom's location. In this review, biological activity of naphthyridines obtained from various natural sources was summarized. According to previous studies, the naphthyridine alkaloids displayed multiple activities, i.a., antiinfectious, anticancer, neurological, psychotropic, affecting cardiovascular system, and immune response. Their wide range of activity makes them a fascinating object of research with prospects for use in therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Chabowska
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Ewa Barg
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Anna Wójcicka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
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Ma XL, Zhu SS, Liu Y, Chen HW, Shi YT, Zeng KW, Tu PF, Jiang Y. Carbazole alkaloids with potential cytotoxic activities targeted on PCK2 protein from Murraya microphylla. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105113. [PMID: 34175718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
From the 95% aqueous ethanol extract of Murraya microphylla, five pairs of new carbazole alkaloid enantiomers, (+/-)-microphylines N-R (1a/1b-5a/5b), were isolated, together with 20 known carbazole alkaloids. The structures of the new compounds were determined by the HRMS and NMR spectroscopic data, along with the calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and Mo2(AcO)4-induced CD data. The known compound (+)-mahanine (21) showed significant cytotoxicities against Du145, HepG2, HeLa, and HCT-116 cell lines, and its possible mechanism was deduced to target on phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 (PCK2) protein via surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Si Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Tao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Wu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
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Luo J, Xiang JY, Yuan HY, Wu JQ, Li HZ, Shen YH, Xu M. Isolation, synthesis and absolute configuration of 4,5-dihydroxypiperines improving behavioral disorder in AlCl 3-induced dementia. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 42:128057. [PMID: 33892105 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A pair of stereoisomers of new 4,5-dihydroxypiperine was isolated from P. retrofractum and showed profound activity on AlCl3-induced dementia. In order to determine their absolute configurations and biological activities, all four possible stereoisomers of 4,5-dihydroxypiperine were synthesized from piperidine by Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation and Mitsunobu reaction. Their absolute configurations were established as (4R,5R) (1), (4S,5S) (2), (4S,5R) (3) and (4R,5S) (4) by NMR, optical rotation and CD spectra. It is note that only compound 4 improved behavioral disorder in AlCl3-induced dementia. Accordingly, the pair of stereoisomers isolated from P. retrofractum was determined to be (4S,5S) and (4R,5S)-isomers (2 and 4). The ratio of the epimers was present as 1:0.7 (4:2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Luo
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming 650500, People's Republic China
| | - Jia-Yao Xiang
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming 650500, People's Republic China
| | - Hao-Yang Yuan
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming 650500, People's Republic China
| | - Jun-Qi Wu
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming 650500, People's Republic China
| | - Hai-Zhou Li
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming 650500, People's Republic China
| | - Yue-Hai Shen
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming 650500, People's Republic China.
| | - Min Xu
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming 650500, People's Republic China.
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32
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Hwang BS, Jeong YT, Lee S, Jeong EJ, Rho JR. Densazalin, a New Cytotoxic Diazatricyclic Alkaloid from the Marine Sponge Haliclona densaspicula. Molecules 2021; 26:3164. [PMID: 34070629 PMCID: PMC8198397 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Densazalin, a polycyclic alkaloid, was isolated from the marine sponge Haliclona densaspicula collected in Korea. The complete structure of the compound was determined by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and comparison of the calculated and measured electronic circular dichroism spectra. Densazalin possesses a unique 5,11-diazatricyclo[7.3.1.02,7]tridecan-2,4,6-triene moiety, which is connected by two linear carbon chains. This compound was derived from the biogenetic precursor bis-1,3-dialkylpyridnium. Densazalin exhibited cytotoxic activity on two human tumor cell lines (AGS and HepG2) in the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) bioassay, with IC50 values ranging from 15.5 to 18.4 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyng Su Hwang
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk 54150, Korea; (B.S.H.); (S.L.)
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Gyeongbuk 37242, Korea;
| | - Yong Tae Jeong
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Gyeongbuk 37242, Korea;
| | - Sangbum Lee
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk 54150, Korea; (B.S.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Department of Plant & Biomaterials Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea
| | - Jung-Rae Rho
- Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk 54150, Korea; (B.S.H.); (S.L.)
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33
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Waidha K, Anto NP, Jayaram DR, Golan-Goldhirsh A, Rajendran S, Livneh E, Gopas J. 6,6'-Dihydroxythiobinupharidine (DTBN) Purified from Nuphar lutea Leaves Is an Inhibitor of Protein Kinase C Catalytic Activity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092785. [PMID: 34066895 PMCID: PMC8125885 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Water lily (Nuphar) bioactive extracts have been widely used in traditional medicine owing to their multiple applications against human ailments. Phyto-active Nuphar extracts and their purified and synthetic derivatives have attracted the attention of ethnobotanists and biochemists. Here, we report that 6,6'-dihydroxythiobinupharidine (DTBN), purified from extracts of Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. leaves, is an effective inhibitor of the kinase activity of members of the protein kinase C (PKC) family using in vitro and in silico approaches. We demonstrate that members of the conventional subfamily of PKCs, PKCα and PKCγ, were more sensitive to DTBN inhibition as compared to novel or atypical PKCs. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated the interaction of DTBN, with the kinase domain of PKCs depicting the best affinity towards conventional PKCs, in accordance with our in vitro kinase activity data. The current study reveals novel targets for DTBN activity, functioning as an inhibitor for PKCs kinase activity. Thus, this and other data indicate that DTBN modulates key cellular signal transduction pathways relevant to disease biology, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Waidha
- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) Leh, Ladakh UT-194101, India;
| | - Nikhil Ponnoor Anto
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8400501, Israel; (N.P.A.); (D.R.J.)
| | - Divya Ram Jayaram
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8400501, Israel; (N.P.A.); (D.R.J.)
| | - Avi Golan-Goldhirsh
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research (BIDR), Sede Boqer Campus, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8499000, Israel
- Correspondence: (A.G.-G.); (S.R.); (E.L.); (J.G.)
| | - Saravanakumar Rajendran
- Chemistry Division, Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai Campus, School of Advanced Sciences, Chennai 600127, India
- Correspondence: (A.G.-G.); (S.R.); (E.L.); (J.G.)
| | - Etta Livneh
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8400501, Israel; (N.P.A.); (D.R.J.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.-G.); (S.R.); (E.L.); (J.G.)
| | - Jacob Gopas
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8400501, Israel; (N.P.A.); (D.R.J.)
- Department of Oncology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva 8400501, Israel
- Correspondence: (A.G.-G.); (S.R.); (E.L.); (J.G.)
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Abstract
Cannabis sativa is one of the oldest medicinal plants in the world. It was introduced into western medicine during the early 19th century. It contains a complex mixture of secondary metabolites, including cannabinoids and non-cannabinoid-type constituents. More than 500 compounds have been reported from C. sativa, of which 125 cannabinoids have been isolated and/or identified as cannabinoids. Cannabinoids are C21 terpeno-phenolic compounds specific to Cannabis. The non-cannabinoid constituents include: non-cannabinoid phenols, flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids and others. This review discusses the chemistry of the cannabinoids and major non-cannabinoid constituents (terpenes, non-cannabinoid phenolics, and alkaloids) with special emphasis on their chemical structures, methods of isolation, and identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Radwan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Suman Chandra
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Shahbaz Gul
- ElSohly Laboratories, Inc., 5 Industrial Park Drive, Oxford, MS 38655, USA;
- Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Mahmoud A. ElSohly
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.C.)
- Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
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35
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Beretta G, Moretti RM, Nasti R, Cincinelli R, Dallavalle S, Montagnani Marelli M. Apoptosis-mediated anticancer activity in prostate cancer cells of a chestnut honey (Castanea sativa L.) quinoline-pyrrolidine gamma-lactam alkaloid. Amino Acids 2021; 53:869-880. [PMID: 33945018 PMCID: PMC8172409 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-02987-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in men and represents the second leading cause of cancer deaths in Western countries. PCa is initially androgen-dependent, however, this tumor inevitably progresses as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which represents the most aggressive phase of the pathology. In this work, in two CRPC cell lines (DU145 and PC3), we studied the in vitro inhibitory properties of the tryptophan-derived endogenous metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA) and of the lactam form of 3–2′-pyrrilonidinyl-kynurenic acid (3-PKA-L), alkaloids usually present in combination in chestnut honey. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, cell colony formation assay, and Western blot analysis of the major mediator proteins involved in apoptotic processes. In all experiments, KYNA was scarcely or not active while 3-PKA-L showed anticancer activity in the high concentration range (0.01 mM – 1 mM) from 24 to 72 h. The results obtained showed that cell death was induced by extrinsic apoptotic pathway, by cell morphological changes and reduction of cell colonies number. These novel results represent the first promising step to the accurate description of 3-PKA-L cytotoxic effect, not observed with KYNA, paving the way to the search of new anticancer agents, as well as to the better understanding of the physiopathological role of this interesting natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giangiacomo Beretta
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Roberta Manuela Moretti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Nasti
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy
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36
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Cinelli MA, Jones AD. Alkaloids of the Genus Datura: Review of a Rich Resource for Natural Product Discovery. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092629. [PMID: 33946338 PMCID: PMC8124590 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Datura (Solanaceae) contains nine species of medicinal plants that have held both curative utility and cultural significance throughout history. This genus’ particular bioactivity results from the enormous diversity of alkaloids it contains, making it a valuable study organism for many disciplines. Although Datura contains mostly tropane alkaloids (such as hyoscyamine and scopolamine), indole, beta-carboline, and pyrrolidine alkaloids have also been identified. The tools available to explore specialized metabolism in plants have undergone remarkable advances over the past couple of decades and provide renewed opportunities for discoveries of new compounds and the genetic basis for their biosynthesis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of studies on the alkaloids of Datura that focuses on three questions: How do we find and identify alkaloids? Where do alkaloids come from? What factors affect their presence and abundance? We also address pitfalls and relevant questions applicable to natural products and metabolomics researchers. With both careful perspectives and new advances in instrumentation, the pace of alkaloid discovery—from not just Datura—has the potential to accelerate dramatically in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maris A. Cinelli
- Correspondence: or (M.A.C.); (A.D.J.); Tel.: +1-906-360-8177 (M.A.C.); +1-517-432-7126 (A.D.J.)
| | - A. Daniel Jones
- Correspondence: or (M.A.C.); (A.D.J.); Tel.: +1-906-360-8177 (M.A.C.); +1-517-432-7126 (A.D.J.)
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Pouny I, Long C, Batut M, Aussagues Y, Jean Valère N, Achoundong G, David B, Lavaud C, Massiot G. Quinolizidine Alkaloids from Cylicomorpha solmsii. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:1198-1202. [PMID: 33606529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Five new quinolizidine alkaloids were isolated from the leaves of Cylicomorpha solmstii (Urb.) Urb. (Caricaceae) and named cylicomorphins A-E (1-5). They all are ester derivatives of the same basic quinolizidine skeleton bearing hydroxy, methyl, and ethanoic acid substituents. Their structures were mainly established by NMR spectroscopy, and the absolute configuration is proposed on the basis of VCD data and Mosher ester derivatization. Compound 5 displayed cytotoxicity in the 10 μM range against an HCT-116 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Pouny
- USR CNRS-Pierre Fabre No. 3388 ETaC, Centre de Recherche et Développement Pierre Fabre, 31035 Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Long
- USR CNRS-Pierre Fabre No. 3388 ETaC, Centre de Recherche et Développement Pierre Fabre, 31035 Toulouse, France
| | - Muriel Batut
- USR CNRS-Pierre Fabre No. 3388 ETaC, Centre de Recherche et Développement Pierre Fabre, 31035 Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Aussagues
- USR CNRS-Pierre Fabre No. 3388 ETaC, Centre de Recherche et Développement Pierre Fabre, 31035 Toulouse, France
| | - Naubron Jean Valère
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Spectropole FR1739, 13397 Marseille, France
| | | | - Bruno David
- Pôle Actifs Végétaux, Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, 31035 Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Lavaud
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR CNRS 7312, BP 1039, 51687 Reims, Cedex 2, France
| | - Georges Massiot
- USR CNRS-Pierre Fabre No. 3388 ETaC, Centre de Recherche et Développement Pierre Fabre, 31035 Toulouse, France
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR CNRS 7312, BP 1039, 51687 Reims, Cedex 2, France
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Lombe BK, Feineis D, Mudogo V, Kaiser M, Bringmann G. Spirombandakamine A 3 and Cyclombandakamines A 8 and A 9, Polycyclic Naphthylisoquinoline Dimers, with Antiprotozoal Activity, from a Congolese Ancistrocladus Plant. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:1335-1344. [PMID: 33843232 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Spirombandakamine A3 (7) is only the third known naphthylisoquinoline dimer with a spiro-fused novel molecular framework and the first such representative to possess a relative trans-configuration at the two chiral centers in both tetrahydroisoquinoline subunits. It was found in the leaves of a botanically as yet unidentified Congolese Ancistrocladus plant, which is morphologically closely related to the Central African taxon Ancistrocladus ealaensis. Likewise isolated were the new cyclombandakamines A8 (8) and A9 (9), which belong to another most recently discovered type of unusual oxygen-bridged naphthylisoquinoline dimers and two previously described "open-chain" analogues, mbandakamines C (10) and D (11). The full absolute stereostructures of these compounds were assigned by combining spectroscopic, chemical, and chiroptical methods. Preliminary biomimetic investigations indicated that both spirombandakamine- and cyclombandakamine-type dimers result from the oxidation of their open-chain mbandakamine-type congeners. The new dimeric alkaloids 7-9 displayed potent growth-inhibitory activity against Plasmodium falciparum, the protozoal pathogen causing malaria, and moderate effects on Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, the parasite responsible for African sleeping sickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaise Kimbadi Lombe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, B.P. 202, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Straße 50, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Doris Feineis
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Virima Mudogo
- Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kinshasa, B.P. 202, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Xu WF, Chao R, Hai Y, Guo YY, Wei MY, Wang CY, Shao CL. 17-Hydroxybrevianamide N and Its N1-Methyl Derivative, Quinazolinones from a Soft-Coral-Derived Aspergillus sp. Fungus: 13 S Enantiomers as the True Natural Products. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:1353-1358. [PMID: 33765387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Under the guidance of MS/MS-based molecular networking and HPLC-UV, two new alkaloid racemates, (±)-17-hydroxybrevianamide N (1) and (±)-N1-methyl-17-hydroxybrevianamide N (2), featuring a rare o-hydroxyphenylalanine residue and an imide subunit, were isolated from a soft-coral-derived Aspergillus sp. fungus. The true natural products (+)-1 and (+)-2 were further monitored and obtained from the freshly prepared EtOAc extracts, while (-)-1 and (-)-2 are artifacts generated during extraction and purification processes. Simultaneously, the structures including absolute configurations of (+)-13S-1, (-)-13R-1, (+)-13S-2, and (-)-13R-2 were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, ECD calculations, and X-ray diffraction data. Interestingly, basic solution promotes the racemization of (+)-1 and (-)-1, whereas acidic solution suppresses the transformation. The current research was concerned with the true natural products and their artifacts, providing critical insight into the isolation and identification of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Feng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Chao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Hai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Yan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Lun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, People's Republic of China
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Izzati F, Warsito MF, Bayu A, Prasetyoputri A, Atikana A, Sukmarini L, Rahmawati SI, Putra MY. Chemical Diversity and Biological Activity of Secondary Metabolites Isolated from Indonesian Marine Invertebrates. Molecules 2021; 26:1898. [PMID: 33801617 PMCID: PMC8037762 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine invertebrates have been reported to be an excellent resource of many novel bioactive compounds. Studies reported that Indonesia has remarkable yet underexplored marine natural products, with a high chemical diversity and a broad spectrum of biological activities. This review discusses recent updates on the exploration of marine natural products from Indonesian marine invertebrates (i.e., sponges, tunicates, and soft corals) throughout 2007-2020. This paper summarizes the structural diversity and biological function of the bioactive compounds isolated from Indonesian marine invertebrates as antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer, and antiviral, while also presenting the opportunity for further investigation of novel compounds derived from Indonesian marine invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Asep Bayu
- Research Center for Biotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM 46 Cibinong, Bogor, West Java 16911, Indonesia or (F.I.); (M.F.W.); (A.P.); (A.A.); (L.S.); (S.I.R.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Masteria Yunovilsa Putra
- Research Center for Biotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM 46 Cibinong, Bogor, West Java 16911, Indonesia or (F.I.); (M.F.W.); (A.P.); (A.A.); (L.S.); (S.I.R.)
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Wang J, Lou H, Li J, Liu Y, Han H, Yang Z, Pan W, Chen Z. C 19-diterpenoid alkaloids from the rhizomes of Aconitum pendulum. Fitoterapia 2021; 151:104887. [PMID: 33775817 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.104887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Six new C19-aconitine-type diterpenoid alkaloids, pendulumines A-F (1-6), together with six known ones (7-12), were isolated from the rhizomes of Aconitum pendulum. Their structures were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic data analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR, MS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The isolates were also tested for their analgesic activity based on the thermal avoidance response of the roundworm Pirstionchus pacificus, and 9 showed significant biological activity with an EC50 value of 0.08 ± 0.02 mg.mL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; Bijie Medical College, Bijie 551700, China
| | - Huayong Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Jinyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Bijie Medical College, Bijie 551700, China
| | - Hongping Han
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Zaichang Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Weidong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China.
| | - Zhi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China.
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42
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Liu M, Han J, Feng Y, Guymer G, Forster PI, Quinn RJ. Antimicrobial Benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline-Derived Alkaloids from the Leaves of Doryphora aromatica. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:676-682. [PMID: 33667101 PMCID: PMC8008450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Four new alkaloids, (R)-nomimantharine trifluoroacetate (2), 12-demethylphaeantharine trifluoroacetate (3), nominanthranal trifluoroacetate (4), and the enolic form of 1-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methylisoquinoline trifluoroacetate (5), together with the known dimeric alkaloid phaeantharine trifluoroacetate (1), have been isolated from the extract of the leaves of the rainforest tree Doryphora aromatica (Monimiaceae). The structures of these compounds were elucidated by HRMS and 1D and 2D NMR data. (R)-Nomimantharine trifluoroacetate (2) contains an ether linkage connecting a benzylisoquinoline unit with a tetrahydroisoquinoline, a novel class of dimeric alkaloid. The absolute configuration of (R)-nomimantharine trifluoroacetate (2) was established via electronic circular dichroism data. The compounds isolated were subjected to in vitro antimicrobial assays against a panel of pathogenic microorganisms, including Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. tuberculosis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus (SA), and five clinical isolates of oxacillin/methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Phaeantharine trifluoroacetate (1) and (R)-nomimantharine trifluoroacetate (2) showed moderate inhibitory activities against Mycobacteria and MRSA strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- Griffith
Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Jianying Han
- Griffith
Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Yunjiang Feng
- Griffith
Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Gordon Guymer
- Queensland
Herbarium, Department of Environment and Science, Brisbane
Botanic Gardens, Brisbane, QLD 4066, Australia
| | - Paul I. Forster
- Queensland
Herbarium, Department of Environment and Science, Brisbane
Botanic Gardens, Brisbane, QLD 4066, Australia
| | - Ronald J. Quinn
- Griffith
Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
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Takaki M, Freire VF, Nicacio KJ, Bertonha AF, Nagashima N, Sarpong R, Padula V, Ferreira AG, Berlinck RGS. Metabolomics Reveals Minor Tambjamines in a Marine Invertebrate Food Chain. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:790-796. [PMID: 33371682 PMCID: PMC8627181 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics analysis detected tambjamine alkaloids in aqueous and EtOAc extracts of the marine invertebrates Virididentula dentata, Tambja stegosauriformis, Tambja brasiliensis, and Roboastra ernsti. Among several tambjamines, the new amino acid derivatives tambjamines M-O (17-19) were identified by Marfey's advanced analysis, UPLC-MS/MS analyses, and total synthesis. The tambjamine diversity increased from the bryozoan V. dentata to its nudibranch predators T. stegosauriformis and T. brasiliensis and attained a higher diversity in R. ernsti, the nudibranch that preys upon T. stegosauriformis and T. brasiliensis. The total tambjamine content also increases among the trophic levels, probably due to biomagnification. Tambjamines A (1), C (3), and D (4) are the major metabolites in the tissues of V. dentata, T. stegosauriformis, T. brasiliensis, and R. ernsti and are likely the main chemical defenses of these marine invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirelle Takaki
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Vítor F Freire
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Karen J Nicacio
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Ariane F Bertonha
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Nozomu Nagashima
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Vinicius Padula
- Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20940-040, Brazil
| | - Antonio G Ferreira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Roberto G S Berlinck
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil
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Kucała M, Saładyga M, Kaminski A. Phytoremediation of CYN, MC-LR and ANTX-a from Water by the Submerged Macrophyte Lemna trisulca. Cells 2021; 10:699. [PMID: 33801135 PMCID: PMC8004190 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanotoxins are harmful to aquatic and water-related organisms. In this study, Lemna trisulca was tested as a phytoremediation agent for three common cyanotoxins produced by bloom-forming cyanobacteria. Cocultivation of L. trisulca with Dolichospermum flos-aquae in BG11 medium caused a release of the intracellular pool of anatoxin-a into the medium and the adsorption of 92% of the toxin by the plant-after 14 days, the total amount of toxin decreased 3.17 times. Cocultivation with Raphidopsis raciborskii caused a 2.77-time reduction in the concentration of cylindrospermopsin (CYN) in comparison to the control (62% of the total pool of CYN was associated with the plant). The greatest toxin limitation was noted for cocultivation with Microcystis aeruginosa. After two weeks, the microcystin-LR (MC-LR) concentration decreased more than 310 times. The macrophyte also influenced the growth and development of cyanobacteria cells. Overall, 14 days of cocultivation reduced the biomass of D. flos-aquae, M. aeruginosa, and R. raciborskii by 8, 12, and 3 times, and chlorophyll a concentration in comparison to the control decreased by 17.5, 4.3, and 32.6 times, respectively. Additionally, the macrophyte stabilized the electrical conductivity (EC) and pH values of the water and affected the even uptake of cations and anions from the medium. The obtained results indicate the biotechnological potential of L. trisulca for limiting the development of harmful cyanobacterial blooms and their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kucała
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Michał Saładyga
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Ariel Kaminski
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.K.); (M.S.)
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Liu YP, Li YJ, Zhao YY, Guo JM, Liu YY, Wang XP, Shen ZY, Qiang L, Fu YH. Carbazole alkaloids from the fruits of Clausena anisum-olens with potential PTP1B and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Bioorg Chem 2021; 110:104775. [PMID: 33725509 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The phytochemical investigation on the fruits of Clausena anisum-olens led to the isolation of 18 carbazole alkaloids (1-18), containing three new ones, clausenanisines A-C (1-3), and three new naturally occurring carbazole alkaloids, clausenanisines D-F (4-6), as well as 12 known analogues (7-18). The chemical structures of clausenanisines A-F (1-6) were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods. Notably, clausenanisine A (1) was a novel carbazole alkaloid with a unique five-membered cyclic ether, while clausenanisine E (5) is an unusual carbazole alkaloid owning an unprecedented naturally occurring carbon skeleton possessing 14 carbon atoms. The known carbazole alkaloids (7-18) were identified by the comparison of their spectral data with those data reported in the literature. All known carbazole alkaloids 7-18 were isolated from C. anisum-olens for the first time. Moreover, all isolated compounds 1-18 were assessed for their protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities in vitro. Compounds 1-18 exhibited remarkable PTP1B inhibitory activities with IC50 values in the range of 0.58 ± 0.05 to 38.48 ± 0.32 μM, meanwhile, compounds 1-18 displayed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC50 values ranging from 3.28 ± 0.16 to 192.23 ± 0.78 μM. These research results imply that the separation and identification of these carbazole alkaloids showing notable PTP1B and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities from the fruits of C. anisum-olens can be very significant for discovering and developing new PTP1B inhibitors and α-glucosidase inhibitors for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China; Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Tropical Fruit and Vegetable of Haikou City, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Industrialization of Southern Medicinal Plants Resources of Hainan province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China
| | - Yu-Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Industrialization of Southern Medicinal Plants Resources of Hainan province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China
| | - Ying-Ying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Industrialization of Southern Medicinal Plants Resources of Hainan province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China
| | - Jia-Ming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Industrialization of Southern Medicinal Plants Resources of Hainan province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China
| | - Yun-Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Zhang-Yang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Industrialization of Southern Medicinal Plants Resources of Hainan province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China
| | - Lei Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yan-Hui Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China; Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Tropical Fruit and Vegetable of Haikou City, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Industrialization of Southern Medicinal Plants Resources of Hainan province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, PR China.
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Alhilal M, Sulaiman YAM, Alhilal S, Gomha SM, Ouf SA. Antifungal Activity of New Diterpenoid Alkaloids Isolated by Different Chromatographic Methods from Delphinium peregrinum L. var. eriocarpum Boiss. Molecules 2021; 26:1375. [PMID: 33806579 PMCID: PMC7961722 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper aimed to investigate the potential antifungal influences of new alkaloids from Delphinium peregrinum L. var. eriocarpum Boiss. New Diterpenoid alkaloids Delcarpum (1), Hydrodavisine (4) and known alkaloids Peregrine (2), Delphitisine (3) were isolated by different chromatographic methods from the aerial parts of D. Peregrinum eriocarpum Boiss, which grows in Syria. The structures of alkaloids were proposed based on 1D NMR spectroscopy 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT-135, DEPT-90, 2D NMR spectroscopy DQF-COSY, HMQC, EI-Ms mass spectrum, and IR spectroscopic measurements. The antifungal activity of the isolated alkaloids was evaluated against different dermatophyte fungal isolates compared with fluconazole. In the case of Peregrine (2) the minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs) recorded 128-256, 32-64, and 32 for Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum canis, and Trichophyton rubrum, respectively, compared to 32-64, 16, and 32 μg/mL in the case of fluconazole, respectively. The MICs recorded on application of the four alkaloids mixture were 64, 32, and 16 in the case of E. floccosum, M. canis, and T. rubrum, respectively, which were significantly lower than that measured for each of the individual alkaloid and were compatible for fluconazole. In conclusion, MICs of the tested alkaloids showed a variable potential effect on the investigated fungal isolates. Peregrine (2) was the most effective alkaloid, however, the application of the mixture of alkaloids induced significant synergistic activity that was more pronounced than the application of individual ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alhilal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yaser A. M. Sulaiman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Pharmacy, Tikrit University, Tikrit 34001, Iraq;
| | - Suzan Alhilal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Albaath, Homs, Syria, 25070 Erzurum, Turkey;
| | - Sobhi M. Gomha
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University in Almadinah Almonawara, Almadinah Almonawara 42351, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salama A. Ouf
- Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
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TANG W, CHANG J, WANG Y, WANG A, WANG R. [Research progress on chiral separation of amphetamines, ketamine, cathinones]. Se Pu 2021; 39:271-280. [PMID: 34227308 PMCID: PMC9403806 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2020.05020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantiomers are ubiquitous in nature, and they are especially important in the field of pharmaceutical chemistry. Although the enantiomers of chiral drugs have identical chemical structures, they differ notably in their pharmacological, toxicological, pharmacokinetic, metabolic, and other biological activities. The same is true for amphetamines, ketamine, and cathinones, as the chiral separation of these three drugs is representative of drugs. Gas chromatography (GC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and capillary electrophoresis (CE) are widely used for the chiral separation of these three kinds of drugs. There are some similarities among the three methods for the chiral separation of amphetamines, ketamine, and cathinones: n-trifluoroacetyl-L-prolinyl chloride and (+)R-α-methoxy-α-trifluoromethylphenylacetic acid are the two typical chiral derivatization reagents used in GC. In HPLC, three kinds of chiral stationary phases are used: proteins, polysaccharides, and macrocyclic antibiotics. Cyclodextrin and its derivatives are most commonly used in CE. However, these three methods have inherent shortcomings. In the case of GC, impurities produced during chiral derivatization may interfere with the analysis, and high reaction temperatures affect the efficiency of chiral separation. HPLC has limited application scope and is expensive. In CE, there has no established process to determine the appropriate chiral selector. In recent years, research into application of the chiral separation of the above-mentioned three kinds of drugs has its own characteristics in forensic toxicology. The chiral separation of amphetamine drugs is mostly used to infer the prototype and synthesis route of drugs on the market. The chiral separation of ketamine involves a variety of biological samples. For cathinones, chiral separation methods emphasize their wide applicability. In this review, 66 reports published in professional local and overseas magazines during the past decade are collated. The characteristics of the enantiomers of amphetamines, ketamine, and cathinones as well as the mechanism of chiral recognition are briefly introduced. The commonness of the research and the application of chiral separation in forensic toxicology are reviewed. This paper proposes that the chiral separation of drugs can be further investigated from the following three aspects: 1) the use of computer technology to establish a molecular model for exploring the mechanism of chiral recognition; 2) developing new technologies for chiral separation and carrying out commercial research on the supercritical fluid method; 3) applying chiral separation to judicial practice, pharmaceutical research and development, and other practical fields.
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Lee YJ, Cho Y, Tran HNK. Secondary Metabolites from the Marine Sponges of the Genus Petrosia: A Literature Review of 43 Years of Research. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19030122. [PMID: 33668842 PMCID: PMC7996255 DOI: 10.3390/md19030122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sponges are prolific sources of various natural products that have provided the chemical scaffolds for new drugs. The sponges of the genus Petrosia inhabit various regions and contain a variety of biologically active natural products such as polyacetylenes, sterols, meroterpenoids, and alkaloids. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the chemical structures and biological activities of Petrosia metabolites covering a period of more than four decades (between 1978 and 2020). It is also described in this review that the major groups of metabolites from members of the genus Petrosia differed with latitude. The polyacetylenes were identified to be the most predominant metabolites in Petrosia sponges in temperate regions, while tropical Petrosia species were sources of a greater variety of metabolites, such as meroterpenoids, sterols, polyacetylenes, and alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Ju Lee
- Marine Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 385 Haeyangro, Busan 49111, Korea; (Y.C.); (H.N.K.T.)
- Department of Applied Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-664-3350
| | - Yeonwoo Cho
- Marine Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 385 Haeyangro, Busan 49111, Korea; (Y.C.); (H.N.K.T.)
- Department of Applied Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Huynh Nguyen Khanh Tran
- Marine Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 385 Haeyangro, Busan 49111, Korea; (Y.C.); (H.N.K.T.)
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Bakr RO, El-Behairy MF, Elissawy AM, Elimam H, Fayed MAA. New Adenosine Derivatives from Aizoon canariense L.: In Vitro Anticholinesterase, Antimicrobial, and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Its Extracts. Molecules 2021; 26:1198. [PMID: 33668096 PMCID: PMC7956659 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aizoaceae is a large succulent family characterized by many psychoactive species. Aizoon canariense L., a wild neglected plant traditionally used in gastrointestinal ailments, has been the subject of a limited number of phytochemical and biological studies. Therefore, herein, we investigated the in vitro cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and anticholinesteraseactivity of the aerial parts of A. canariense L. and analyzed the phytochemical compositions of the lipoidal and alkaloidal fractions. Petroleum ether extract showed the presence of behenic and tricosylic acid, while an in-depth investigation of the alkaloidal fraction revealed the identification of new adenine based alkaloids (1-5), which were isolated and identified for the first time from Aizoon canariense L. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analyses. The alkaloidal extract showed a powerful cytotoxic effect (IC50 14-28 μg/mL), with the best effect against colon carcinoma, followed by liver and breast carcinomas. The alkaloidal extract also had a potent effect against Candida albicans and Escherichia coli, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values of 312.5 and 625 µg/mL. The in vitro anticholinesterase activity was potent, with IC50 < 200 ng/mL for the tested extracts compared with 27.29 ± 0.49 ng/mL for tacrine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riham O. Bakr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza 11787, Egypt;
| | - Mohammed F. El-Behairy
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat 32897, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed M. Elissawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
- Center for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Hanan Elimam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat 32897, Egypt;
| | - Marwa A. A. Fayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat 32897, Egypt
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Zheng M, Chen M, Liu C, Fan Y, Shi D. Alkaloids extracted from Uncaria rhynchophylla demonstrate neuroprotective effects in MPTP-induced experimental parkinsonism by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 266:113451. [PMID: 33049346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alkaloids isolated from Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq. ex Havil. (Rubiaceae), alkaloids (URA) have been used to treat diseases related to the central nervous system, such as Parkinson's disease. Nevertheless, the potential mechanisms underlying their neuroprotective effects are not well-understood. AIM OF THE STUDY We investigated the neuroprotective effects of URAs in a mouse model of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinson's disease (PD) and the possible involvement of a molecular signaling pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two typical experiments for animal behavior despair, the spontaneous motor activity and the rotarod experiments, were employed to evaluate the efficacy of URAs in mice with PD symptoms. Dopamine (DA) neurons and their metabolism were evaluated using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The mechanism of action of the alkaloids was investigated by analyzing their effects on the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) signaling pathway using western blotting. RESULTS URA treatment effectively improved the behaviors of the mice during the "spontaneous motor activity and latency to fall off the rotarod test". Moreover, URAs demonstrated a protective role in dopaminergic neurons by increasing the expression of the dopamine transporter and tyrosine hydroxylase, which were supposed to be reduced by MPTP, inhibiting dopamine turnover, and changing dopamine and relevant metabolites. In addition to its association with the increase in the Bcl-2/Bad ratio, URA treatment also attenuated the cleaved caspase-3 level and enhanced the phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR. CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence that URA can effectively protect neurons from the neurotoxicity caused by MPTP in mouse models of PD by up-regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizhu Zheng
- The Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Minghui Chen
- College of Life Science, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Chunming Liu
- The Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Yajun Fan
- College of Life Science, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Dongfang Shi
- The Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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