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Huang H, Alvarez-Hernandez JL, Hazari N, Mercado BQ, Uehling MR. Effect of 6,6'-Substituents on Bipyridine-Ligated Ni Catalysts for Cross-Electrophile Coupling. ACS Catal 2024; 14:6897-6914. [PMID: 38737398 PMCID: PMC11087080 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
A family of 4,4'-tBu2-2,2'-bipyridine (tBubpy) ligands with substituents in either the 6-position, 4,4'-tBu2-6-Me-bpy (tBubpyMe), or 6 and 6'-positions, 4,4'-tBu2-6,6'-R2-bpy (tBubpyR2; R = Me, iPr, sBu, Ph, or Mes), was synthesized. These ligands were used to prepare Ni complexes in the 0, I, and II oxidation states. We observed that the substituents in the 6 and 6'-positions of the tBubpy ligand impact the properties of the Ni complexes. For example, bulkier substituents in the 6,6'-positions of tBubpy better stabilized (tBubpyR2)NiICl species and resulted in cleaner reduction from (tBubpyR2)NiIICl2. However, bulkier substituents hindered or prevented coordination of tBubpyR2 ligands to Ni0(cod)2. In addition, by using complexes of the type (tBubpyMe)NiCl2 and (tBubpyR2)NiCl2 as precatalysts for different XEC reactions, we demonstrated that the 6 or 6,6' substituents lead to major differences in catalytic performance. Specifically, while (tBubpyMe)NiIICl2 is one of the most active catalysts reported to date for XEC and can facilitate XEC reactions at room temperature, lower turnover frequencies were observed for catalysts containing tBubpyR2 ligands. A detailed study on the catalytic intermediates (tBubpy)Ni(Ar)I and (tBubpyMe2)Ni(Ar)I revealed several factors that likely contributed to the differences in catalytic activity. For example, whereas complexes of the type (tBubpy)Ni(Ar)I are low spin and relatively stable, complexes of the type (tBubpyMe2)Ni(Ar)I are high-spin and less stable. Further, (tBubpyMe2)Ni(Ar)I captures primary and benzylic alkyl radicals more slowly than (tBubpy)Ni(Ar)I, consistent with the lower activity of the former in catalysis. Our findings will assist in the design of tailor-made ligands for Ni-catalyzed transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P. O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | | | - Nilay Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P. O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Brandon Q Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P. O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Mycah R Uehling
- Merck & Co., Inc., Discovery Chemistry, HTE and Lead Discovery Capabilities, Rahway, New Jersey, 07065, USA
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2
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Pyles CG, Patrow JG, Cheng Y, Tonks IA, Massari AM. Ruthenium hydrides encapsulated in sol–gel glasses exhibit new ultrafast vibrational dynamics. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:124502. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0082752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrational dynamics were measured by IR pump–probe spectroscopy and two-dimensional IR spectroscopy for triruthenium dodecacarbonyl and the undecacarbonyl hydride that forms when it is encapsulated in an alumina sol–gel glass. For comparison, a triruthenium undecacarbonyl hydride salt was also synthesized and studied in neat solution to identify the potential influence of the confined solvent environment on the dynamics experienced by carbon monoxide ligands. The vibrational lifetime was found to be significantly decreased for both hydride species relative to the dodecacarbonyl compound. Conversely, spectral diffusion of the CO vibrations was measured to be faster for the parent compound. The most significant dynamic changes occurred upon transformation from the starting compound to the hydride, while only minor differences were observed between the dynamics of the freely dissolved and sol–gel encapsulated hydrides. The results suggest that the structural change to the hydride has the largest impact on the dynamics and that its improved catalytic properties likely do not originate from confined solvent effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia G. Pyles
- University of Minnesota–Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454, USA
| | - Joel G. Patrow
- University of Minnesota–Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454, USA
| | - Yukun Cheng
- University of Minnesota–Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454, USA
| | - Ian A. Tonks
- University of Minnesota–Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454, USA
| | - Aaron M. Massari
- University of Minnesota–Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454, USA
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3
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Stuurman NF, Buitendach BE, Twigge L, Swarts PJ, Conradie J. Rhodium(triphenylphosphine)carbonyl-2,4-dioxo-3-pentyl-4-decanyloxybenzoate: synthesis, electrochemistry and oxidative addition kinetics. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj05039a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The influence of a sterically large ligand (CH3COC(C10H21OC6H4COO)COCH3)−, substituted on complex [Rh(CH3COC(C10H21OC6H4COO)COCH3)(CO)(PPh3)], on the ease of rhodium oxidation, is described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Linette Twigge
- Department of Chemistry
- University of the Free State
- 9300 Bloemfontein
- Republic of South Africa
| | - Pieter J. Swarts
- Department of Chemistry
- University of the Free State
- 9300 Bloemfontein
- Republic of South Africa
| | - Jeanet Conradie
- Department of Chemistry
- University of the Free State
- 9300 Bloemfontein
- Republic of South Africa
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4
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Olson CM, Grofe A, Huber CJ, Spector IC, Gao J, Massari AM. Enhanced vibrational solvatochromism and spectral diffusion by electron rich substituents on small molecule silanes. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:124302. [PMID: 28964044 PMCID: PMC5848733 DOI: 10.1063/1.5003908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Fourier transform infrared and two-dimensional IR (2D-IR) spectroscopies were applied to two different silanes in three different solvents. The selected solutes exhibit different degrees of vibrational solvatochromism for the Si-H vibration. Density functional theory calculations confirm that this difference in sensitivity is the result of higher mode polarization with more electron withdrawing ligands. This mode sensitivity also affects the extent of spectral diffusion experienced by the silane vibration, offering a potential route to simultaneously optimize the sensitivity of vibrational probes in both steady-state and time-resolved measurements. Frequency-frequency correlation functions obtained by 2D-IR show that both solutes experience dynamics on similar time scales and are consistent with a picture in which weakly interacting solvents produce faster, more homogeneous fluctuations. Molecular dynamics simulations confirm that the frequency-frequency correlation function obtained by 2D-IR is sensitive to the presence of hydrogen bonding dynamics in the surrounding solvation shell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney M Olson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Adam Grofe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | | | - Ivan C Spector
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Jiali Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Aaron M Massari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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5
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Jones BH, Huber CJ, Spector IC, Tabet AM, Butler RL, Hang Y, Massari AM. Correlating solvent dynamics and chemical reaction rates using binary solvent mixtures and two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:212441. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4920953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brynna H. Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Christopher J. Huber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Ivan C. Spector
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Anthony M. Tabet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - RiAnna L. Butler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Ying Hang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Aaron M. Massari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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6
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Jiao Y, Brennessel WW, Jones WD. Oxidative Addition of Chlorohydrocarbons to a Rhodium Tris(pyrazolyl)borate Complex. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhe Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - William W. Brennessel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - William D. Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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7
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Hackenberg JD, Kundu S, Emge TJ, Krogh-Jespersen K, Goldman AS. Acid-catalyzed oxidative addition of a C-H bond to a square planar d⁸ iridium complex. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:8891-4. [PMID: 24896665 DOI: 10.1021/ja503953v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
While the addition of C-H bonds to three-coordinate Ir(I) fragments is a central theme in the field of C-H bond activation, addition to square planar four-coordinate complexes is far less precedented. The dearth of such reactions may be attributed, at least in part, to kinetic factors elucidated in seminal work by Hoffmann. C-H additions to square planar carbonyl complexes in particular are unprecedented, in contrast to the extensive chemistry of oxidative addition of other substrates (e.g., H2, HX) to Vaska's Complex and related species. We report that Bronsted acids will catalyze the addition of the alkynyl C-H bond of phenylacetylene to the pincer complex (PCP)Ir(CO). The reaction occurs to give exclusively the trans-C-H addition product. Our proposed mechanism, based on kinetics and DFT calculations, involves initial protonation of (PCP)Ir(CO) to generate a highly active five-coordinate cationic intermediate, which forms a phenylacetylene adduct that is then deprotonated to give product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D Hackenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
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8
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Oxidative addition of mercury(II)cyanide toβ-diketonatobis-(triphenylphosphite)rhodium(I) complexes. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01023910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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9
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Jawad JK, Adams H, Morris MJ. Synthesis and kinetic studies of new bipyridyl platinum(II) phenoxide complexes by phase transfer catalysis: Crystal structure of [(bipy)Pt(OC6H4-4-OMe)2]. Inorganica Chim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2009.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Stuurman NF, Conradie J. Iodomethane oxidative addition and CO migratory insertion in monocarbonylphosphine complexes of the type [Rh((C6H5)COCHCO((CH2)nCH3))(CO)(PPh3)]: Steric and electronic effects. J Organomet Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2008.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Gottardo C, Kraft TM, Hossain MS, Zawada PV, Muchall HM. Linear free-energy correlation analysis of the electronic effects of the substituents in the Sonogashira coupling reaction. CAN J CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1139/v08-038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Relative rate constants (krel) for the Sonogashira coupling were determined in competitive reactions between iodobenzene and a series of para- and meta-substituted iodobenzenes and compared to the charge on iodine and the z-component of the quadrupole moment of the iodine-bearing carbon. We use an Hammett correlation analysis and the computational data to provide further evidence that the rate limiting step of the Sonogashira reaction is the initial oxidative addition of Pd to the carbon-iodine bond.Key words: Sonogashira, competitive reactions, Hammett correlation.
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12
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Musaev DG, Morokuma K. Potential Energy Surfaces of Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Chemical Reactions. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470141540.ch2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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13
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Knowles JP, Whiting A. The Heck–Mizoroki cross-coupling reaction: a mechanistic perspective. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:31-44. [PMID: 17164903 DOI: 10.1039/b611547k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Heck-Mizoroki cross-coupling reaction is an important part of the synthetic chemist's toolbox, and it has been applied to a huge variety of different substrates. In contrast, the mechanism of the process is much less studied, and consequently less understood. There have been numerous studies reported over recent years, both experimental and theoretical, aimed at uncovering the inner working of this palladium-mediated coupling process. This perspective aims to review and compare these works and to provide an up-to-date view of this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham, UK
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14
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Abstract
The synthesis of several γ,δ-unsaturated-α-amino acid derivatives is described. The method features regioselective stannylation of propargylglycine derivatives followed by Stille coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Robert M. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO 80045
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Bassetti
- CNR, Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy, Fax: +39‐06‐490‐421
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16
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Cundari TR, Vaddadi S. Carbon–hydrogen and carbon–heteroatom bond activation using iridium(I) complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2004.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Duckett S, Blazina D. The Study of Inorganic Systems by NMR Spectroscopy in Conjunction with Parahydrogen‐Induced Polarisation. Eur J Inorg Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200300119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon B. Duckett
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Damir Blazina
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
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18
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Blum O, Milstein D. Oxidative addition of water and aliphatic alcohols by IrCl(trialkylphosphine)(3). J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:11456-67. [PMID: 12236760 DOI: 10.1021/ja012611c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative addition of aliphatic alcohols to (C(8)H(14))IrCl(PMe(3))(3) in benzene yields the cis-hydrido-alkoxo products mer-cis-HIr(OR)Cl(PMe(3))(3) (R = Me, Et, 1-pentyl, 2-propyl). The analogous hydroxo complex is prepared by oxidative addition of water in THF. The addition rate depends on the nature of the alcohol (methanol > 1-pentanol >> 2-propanol and methanol > water). The reaction is retarded in polar media but accelerated by protic cosolvents. Anionic ligand redistribution involving chloride and alkoxide (or hydroxide) competes with the oxidative addition reaction. A detailed kinetic study suggests that the 16-electron IrCl(PMe(3))(3) is the species undergoing the oxidative addition, and mer-cis-HIr(OR)Cl(PMe(3))(3) is the kinetic product. The reaction proceeds by a single-step nucleophilic attack of the metal on the O-H proton. Pi-donation by chloride stabilizes the transition state and governs the stereochemical course of the reaction. Protic solvent aggregation in the transition state in an apolar medium is suggested. mer-cis-HIr(OH)Cl(PEt(3))(3), obtained by water addition to IrCl(PEt(3))(3), was crystallographically characterized, showing an unusual hydrophobic cage around the hydride ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofer Blum
- Department of Organic Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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20
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Tellers DM, Yung CM, Arndtsen BA, Adamson DR, Bergman RG. Electronic and medium effects on the rate of arene C [bond] H activation by cationic Ir(III) complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:1400-10. [PMID: 11841308 DOI: 10.1021/ja011809u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A detailed mechanistic study of arene C [bond] H activation in CH(2)Cl(2) solution by Cp(L)IrMe(X) [L = PMe(3), P(OMe)(3); X = OTf, (CH(2)Cl(2))BAr(f); (BAr(f) = B[3,5-C(6)H(3)(CF(3))(2)](4))(-)] is presented. It was determined that triflate dissociation in Cp(L)IrMe(OTf), to generate tight and/or solvent-separated ion pairs containing a cationic iridium complex, precedes C [bond] H activation. Consistent with the ion-pair hypothesis, the rate of arene activation by Cp(L)IrMe(OTf) is unaffected by added external triflate salts, but the rate is strongly dependent upon the medium. Thus the reactivity of Cp(PMe(3))IrMe(OTf) can be increased by almost 3 orders of magnitude by addition of (n-Hex)(4)NBAr(f), presumably because the added BAr(f) anion exchanges with the OTf anion in the initially formed ion pair, transiently forming a cation/borate ion pair in solution (special salt effect). In contrast, addition of (n-Hex)(4)NBAr(f) to [CpPMe(3)Ir(Me)CH(2)Cl(2)][BAr(f)] does not affect the rate of benzene activation; here there is no initial covalent/ionic pre-equilibrium that can be perturbed with added (n-Hex)(4)NBAr(f). An analysis of the reaction between Cp(PMe(3))IrMe(OTf) and various substituted arenes demonstrated that electron-donating substituents on the arene increase the rate of the C [bond] H activation reaction. The rate of C(6)H(6) activation by [Cp(PMe(3))Ir(Me)CH(2)Cl(2)][BAr(f)] is substantially faster than [Cp(P(OMe)(3))Ir(Me)CH(2)Cl(2)][BAr(f)]. Density functional theory computations suggest that this is due to a less favorable pre-equilibrium for dissociation of the dichloromethane ligand in the trimethyl phosphite complex, rather than to a large electronic effect on the C [bond] H oxidative addition transition state. Because of these combined effects, the overall rate of arene activation is increased by electron-donating substituents on both the substrate and the iridium complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Tellers
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Abstract
Among the most common ligands found on transition metal catalysts are halide ions. Of the commercially available catalysts or pre-catalysts, most are halo-metal complexes. In recent years, manipulation of this metal-halide functionality has revealed that this can be used as a highly valuable method of tuning the reactivity of the complex. Variation of the halide ligand will usually not alter the nature of the system to the extent that it becomes unreactive but will impart sufficiently large changes that differences in reactivity or selectivity occur. These differences are a product of the steric and electronic properties of the halide ligand which has the ability to donate electron density to the metal occurs in a predictable manner. Despite the common perception in asymmetric catalysis that halide ligands are of secondary importance compared to chiral ligands, halide ligands have been found to exert dramatic effects on the enantioselectivity of asymmetric transformations. While the mechanism of action is known for relatively few of the cases, many intriguing and potentially synthetically useful trends are apparent. This review discusses the physical properties of the halides and their effects on stoichiometric and catalytic transition metal processes. The metal-halide moiety thus emerges as a tunable functionality on the transition metal catalyst that can be used in the development of new catalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Fagnou
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, M5S 3H6 Canada
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24
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Reactions of Rh(SbPh3)3(CO)X (X=Cl, Br) with organic propargyl compounds. Synthesis, structure and reactivity of rhodiacyclopent-3-ene-2-one complexes. J Organomet Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(01)00879-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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25
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Krogstad DA, Halfen JA, Terry TJ, Young VG. Synthesis and characterization of iridium 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA) complexes. X-ray crystal and molecular structures of [Ir(PTA)4(CO)]Cl and [Ir(PTAH)3(PTAH2)(H)2]Cl6. Inorg Chem 2001; 40:463-71. [PMID: 11209602 DOI: 10.1021/ic000501l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The first 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA) ligated iridium compounds have been synthesized. The reaction of PTA with [Ir(COD)Cl]2 (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) under a CO atmosphere produces an inseparable mixture of [Ir(PTA)3(CO)Cl] (1) and the PTA analogue of Vaska's compound, [Ir(PTA)2(CO)Cl] (2). Compound 1 and [Ir(PTA)4(CO)]Cl (3) were prepared via ligand substitution reactions of PTA with Vaska's compound, trans-Ir(PPh3)2(CO)Cl, in absolute and 95% ethanol, respectively. Complex 3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca with a = 20.3619(4) A, b = 14.0345(3) A, c = 24.1575(5) A, and Z = 8. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies show that 3 has a trigonal bipyramidal structure in which the CO occupies an axial position. This is the first crystallographically characterized [IrP4(CO)]+ complex in which the CO is axially ligated. Compound 1 was converted into 3 by ligand substitution with 1 equiv of PTA in water. Interestingly, the reaction of 3 with excess NaCl did not result in the production of 1, but instead the formation of the dichloro species, [Ir(PTAH)2(PTA)2Cl2]Cl3 (4) (PTAH = protonated PTA). Dissolution of 1 or 3 in dilute HCl produced 4 and a dihydrido species, [Ir(PTAH)4(H)2]Cl5 (5), which were readily separated by inspection due to their different crystal habits. Compound 5 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1 with a = 12.4432(9) A, b = 12.5921(9) A, c = 16.3231(12) A, alpha = 76.004(1) degrees, beta = 71.605(1) degrees, gamma = 69.177(1) degrees, and Z = 2. Complex 5 exhibits a distorted octahedral geometry with two hydride ligands in a cis configuration. A rationale consistent with these reactions is presented by consideration of the steric and electronic properties of the PTA ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Krogstad
- Department of Chemistry, University of the South, Sewanee, Tennessee 37375, USA
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Lamprecht D, Lamprecht GJ. Electrochemical oxidation of Rh(I) to Rh(III) in rhodium(I) β-diketonato carbonyl phosphine complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)00235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Paisner SN, Burger P, Bergman RG. Mechanistic Investigation of the Reaction of Iridium Dihydride Complexes with Organic Acid Chlorides. Organometallics 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/om000039c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara N. Paisner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Peter Burger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Robert G. Bergman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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28
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Jawad JK, Al-Obaidy FN, Hammud JA, Al-Azab F. Solvent effects on the rate of oxidative addition of methyl iodide to di(4-thiocresol)(2,2′-bipyridyl) platinum(II). J Organomet Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(99)00759-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Niu S, Hall MB. Theoretical studies on reactions of transition-metal complexes. Chem Rev 2000; 100:353-406. [PMID: 11749240 DOI: 10.1021/cr980404y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 743] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Niu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
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Kulasegaram S, Kulawiec RJ. On the mechanism of the palladium(0)-catalyzed isomerization of epoxides to carbonyl compounds. Tetrahedron 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(97)10363-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Anderson JC, Namli H, Roberts CA. Investigations into ambient temperature biaryl coupling reactions. Tetrahedron 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(97)10010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Levy CJ, Puddephatt RJ. Rapid Reversible Oxidative Addition of Group 14−Halide Bonds to Platinum(II): Rates, Equilibria, and Bond Energies. J Am Chem Soc 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ja971532r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Levy
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5B7
| | - Richard J. Puddephatt
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5B7
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Mulla SA, Rode CV, Kelkar AA, Gupte SP. Activity of homogeneous transition metal catalysts for oxidative carbonylation of aniline to N,N′diphenyl urea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(97)00023-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nicasio MC, Perutz RN, Walton PH. Transient Photochemistry, Matrix Isolation, and Molecular Structure of cis-Ru(dmpm)2H2 (dmpm = Me2PCH2PMe2). Organometallics 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/om961018e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Carmen Nicasio
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO1 5DD, U.K
| | - Robin N. Perutz
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO1 5DD, U.K
| | - Paul H. Walton
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO1 5DD, U.K
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Zamashchikov VV, Popov VG. Functionalization and H/D exchange of alkanes by the action of platinum complexes: Reactions of intermediate organometallic compounds. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00531242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Musaev DG, Morokuma K. Ab initio molecular orbital study of oxidative addition of H2 and CH4 to the RhCl(CO)(PH3)2 complex. J Organomet Chem 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(95)05612-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Cano M, Heras J, Lobo M, Pinilla E, Monge M. Oxidative additions of I2 and CH3I to [Rh(quin)(CO)|P(R-C6H4)3|] complexes. Crystal structure of [Rh(I)(CH3)(quin)(CO)|P(4-CH3-C6H4)3|] ·Et2O—IV. Polyhedron 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0277-5387(00)80239-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Cook RL, Macduff RC, Sammells A. Organophosphine transition metal complexes as selective surfaces for the reversible detection of sulfur dioxide with piezoelectric crystal sensors. Anal Chim Acta 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)80390-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Van Zyl G, Lamprecht G, Leipoldt J, Swaddle T. Kinetics and mechanism of the oxidative addition of iodomethane to β-diketonatobis(triphenylphosphite)rhodium(I) complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)83693-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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A highly selective synthesis of R2SnX2 (R = alkyl, X = Br, Cl) species directly from tin and alkyl halides. J Organomet Chem 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(87)80275-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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The Nucleophilicity of Metal Complexes Towards Organic Molecules. ADVANCES IN PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY VOLUME 23 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3160(08)60202-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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The oxidative addition of methyl iodide to β-diketonecarbonyltriphenylphosphinerhodium(I) complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)82403-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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A discussion of the different kinds of solute-solute and solute-solvent interactions acting in homogeneous catalysis by transition metal complexes. Coord Chem Rev 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(00)82100-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Constable AG, Langrick C, Shabanzadeh B, Shaw BL. Neighbouring group participation in oxidative addition reactins of platinum(II) and rhodium(I). Inorganica Chim Acta 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)93526-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Senoff CV. Correlational aspects of substituent effects in transition metal complexes containing non-fused phenyl rings transition metal complexes containing non-fused phenyl rings. Coord Chem Rev 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(00)80373-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Kuwae R, Tanaka T. Halogenotriphenyltin(IV) Adducts of Tetrakis(t-butyl isocyanide)rhodium(I) Perchlorate. Preparation and Kinetics. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1980. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.53.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Doyle MJ, Mayanza A, Bonnet JJ, Kalck P, Poilblanc R. Complexes dinucleaires pontes des metaux d8. J Organomet Chem 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(00)88757-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kubota M, Curtis C, Chappell T. A kinetic and mechanistic study of the formation of sulfinato iridium(III) complexes by oxidative addition reactions. Inorganica Chim Acta 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)87294-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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