1
|
Oka Y, Masai H, Terao J. Multistate Structural Switching of [3]Catenanes with Cyclic Porphyrin Dimers by Complexation with Amine Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217002. [PMID: 36625214 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Catenanes with multistate switchable properties are promising components for next-generation molecular machines and supramolecular materials. Herein, we report a ligand-controlled switching method, a novel method for the multistate switching of catenanes controlled by complexation with added amine ligands. To verify this method, a [3]catenane comprising cyclic porphyrin dimers with a rigid π-system has been synthesized. Owing to the rigidity, the relative positions among the cyclic components of the [3]catenane can be precisely controlled by complexation with various amine ligands. Moreover, ligand-controlled multistate switching affects the optical properties of the [3]catenanes: the emission intensity can be tuned by modulating the sizes and coordination numbers of integrated amine ligands. This work shows the utility of using organic ligands for the structural switching of catenanes, and will contribute to the further development of multistate switchable mechanically interlocked molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Oka
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, 153-8902, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Masai
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, 153-8902, Tokyo, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, 332-0012, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Jun Terao
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, 153-8902, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zilberg S, Stekolshik Y, Palii A, Tsukerblat B. Controllable Electron Transfer in Mixed-Valence Bridged Norbornylogous Compounds: Ab Initio Calculation Combined with a Parametric Model and Through-Bond and Through-Space Interpretation. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:2855-2878. [PMID: 35537213 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c09637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the context of a computationally guided approach to the controllable electron transfer in mixed-valence (MV) systems, in this article, we study the electron transfer (ET) in the series of oxidized norbornadiene C7H8 (I) and its polycyclic derivatives, C12H12 (II), C17H16, (III), C27H24 (IV), and C32H28 (V), with variable lengths of the bridge connecting redox sites. The work combines an ab initio CASSCF evaluation of the electronic structure of systems I-V with the parametric description in the framework of the biorbital two-mode vibronic model. The model involves coupling with the "breathing" mode and intercenter vibration modulating the distances between the redox fragments. The ab initio calculations were performed for two types of optimized structures of I-V: (a) charge-localized global minimum (Cs) and (b) symmetric configuration (C2v) with the delocalized charge. This allows one to estimate the potential barrier separating charge-localized configurations as well as vibronic coupling parameters and the electron transfer integral. Along with the adiabatic approach, the quantum-mechanical analysis of the vibronic levels has been applied to precisely estimate the quantum effect of tunneling splitting. We estimate the "through-space" and "through-bond" contributions to the parameters interrelated with the charge transfer (CT). The through-space effect proves to be a major factor of ET at a short distance between the redox centers, whereas the through-bond contribution is dominant at a long distance. Vibronic coupling under the condition of through-space ET leads to the localization of the positive charge on the π-chromophore, while the through-bond component of ET results in compensating σ-shifts and subsequent charge delocalization over the bridge. The limitations of the parametric approach were discussed in the context of the two components contributing to the ET. Particularly, the bridge polarization in the course of through-bond ET proves to be beyond the basis of the employed parametric model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shmuel Zilberg
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Materials Research Center, Ariel University, 40700 Ariel, Israel
| | - Yaniv Stekolshik
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Materials Research Center, Ariel University, 40700 Ariel, Israel
| | - Andrew Palii
- Laboratory of Molecular Magnetic Nanomaterials, Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russian Federation
| | - Boris Tsukerblat
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Materials Research Center, Ariel University, 40700 Ariel, Israel.,Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105 Beer-Sheva, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Synthetic receptors possessing two complexing chromophores connected by a single spacer are referred to as molecular tweezers. We report an electrochemically triggered molecular tweezers, which is a calix[4]arene-bis-porphyrin conjugate, that acts as a proof-of-concept demonstration system showing an electro-statically induced approach to guest release. The electrochemical behavior represents that 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) is released from the complex formed between calix[4]arene-bis-porphyrin conjugate and DABCO, just after cooperative two-oxidation occurs at 0.41 V.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Arimura
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Holler M, Schmitt M, Nierengarten JF. Synthesis and conformational analysis of porphyrin derivatives substituted with calix[4]arene subunits. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424611004099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a complete series of calix[4]arene-substituted porphyrins is described. A detailed conformational analysis based on variable-temperature 1H NMR experiments revealed dynamic phenomena arising from the restricted rotation around the calix[4]arene-porphyrin bond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Holler
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires, Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (UMR 7509), Ecole, Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM), 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Michel Schmitt
- Service de RMN, Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (UMR 7509), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM), 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Jean-François Nierengarten
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires, Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (UMR 7509), Ecole, Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM), 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
D'Urso A, Fragalà ME, Purrello R. From self-assembly to noncovalent synthesis of programmable porphyrins' arrays in aqueous solution. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:8165-76. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc31856c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
6
|
Chapter 4 Conjugates of Calixarenes and Heterocycles in the Design of Newer Chemical Entities. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(08)00204-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
7
|
Arimura T, Ide S, Suga Y, Tachiya M. Syntheses and characterizations of a new calixarene-porphyrin conjugate as electron transfer system. J Oleo Sci 2007; 56:149-53. [PMID: 17898476 DOI: 10.5650/jos.56.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A new calixarene-based donor-acceptor system, cone conformer 1, was prepared for the first time. In this compound, the calix[4]arene serves to juxtapose a tri-chloroquinone acceptor near the porphyrin photo-donor plane. As to the conformational control, the cone conformer 1 gave two peaks of phenolic OH groups at 8.40 and 8.43 ppm. This shows that cone conformer 1 is stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The fluorescence intensity of 1 was 35% of that for the control compound 2. This means the tri-chloroquinone group in 1 efficiently quenched the fluorescence of ZnP*. The shortest edge-to-edge separation of the chromophores of 1 is ca. 8 A (as judged by CPK models). This provides a new calixarene-based supramolecular system in which through-space donor-to-acceptor electron transfer is observed upon photoexcitation.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao GJ, Liu JY, Zhou LC, Han KL. Site-selective photoinduced electron transfer from alcoholic solvents to the chromophore facilitated by hydrogen bonding: a new fluorescence quenching mechanism. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:8940-5. [PMID: 17616225 DOI: 10.1021/jp0734530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 573] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Solute-solvent intermolecular photoinduced electron transfer (ET) reaction was proposed to account for the drastic fluorescence quenching behaviors of oxazine 750 (OX750) chromophore in protic alcoholic solvents. According to our theoretical calculations for the hydrogen-bonded OX750-(alcohol)(n) complexes using the time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) method, we demonstrated that the ET reaction takes place from the alcoholic solvents to the chromophore and the intermolecular ET passing through the site-specific intermolecular hydrogen bonds exhibits an unambiguous site selectivity. In our motivated experiments of femtosecond time-resolved stimulated emission pumping fluorescence depletion spectroscopy (FS TR SEP FD), it could be noted that the ultrafast ET reaction takes place as fast as 200 fs. This ultrafast intermolecular photoinduced ET is much faster than the diffusive solvation process, and even significantly faster than the intramolecular vibrational redistribution (IVR) process of the OX750 chromophore. Therefore, the ultrafast intermolecular ET should be coupled with the hydrogen-bonding dynamics occurring in the sub-picosecond time domain. We theoretically demonstrated for the first time that the selected hydrogen bonds are transiently strengthened in the excited states for facilitating the ultrafast solute-solvent intermolecular ET reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Jiu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bian Y, Chen X, Wang D, Choi CF, Zhou Y, Zhu P, Ng DKP, Jiang J, Weng Y, Li X. Porphyrin-Appended Europium(III) Bis(phthalocyaninato) Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Photophysical Properties. Chemistry 2007; 13:4169-77. [PMID: 17304601 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Mixed cyclization of 3-mono-, 4-mono-, or 4,5-di(porphyrinated) phthalonitrile compounds 2, 3, or 6 and unsubstituted phthalonitrile with the half-sandwich complex [EuIII(acac)(Pc)] (Pc=phthalocyaninate, acac=acetylacetonate) as the template in the presence of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) in n-pentanol afforded novel porphyrin-appended europium(III) bis(phthalocyaninato) complexes 7-9 in 30-40% yield. These mixed tetrapyrrole triads and tetrad were spectroscopically and electrochemically characterized and their photophysical properties were also investigated with steady-state and transient spectroscopic methods. It has been found that the fluorescence of the porphyrin moiety is quenched effectively by the double-decker unit through an intramolecular photoinduced electron-transfer process, which takes place in several hundred femtoseconds, while the recombination of the charge-separated state occurs in several picoseconds. By using different phthalocyanines containing different numbers of porphyrin substituents at the peripheral or nonperipheral position(s) of the ligand, while the other unsubstituted phthalocyanine remains unchanged in these double-deckers, the effects of the number and the position of the porphyrin substituents on these photophysical processes were also examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhong Bian
- Department of Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ezoe M, Yagi S, Nakazumi H, Itou M, Araki Y, Ito O. Molecular recognition of viologen by zinc porphyrinic receptors with diarylurea sidearms. Toward construction of a supramolecular electron transfer system. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
11
|
KUMAMOTO S, ARIMURA T, TACHIYA M. Electrochemical Properties of A Dual Porphyrin System with Marked Affinity toward DABCO. J Oleo Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.55.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
12
|
|
13
|
Tremblay-Morin JP, Faure S, Samar D, Stern C, Guilard R, Harvey PD. Synthesis, Characterization, and Photophysical Properties of a Free Base and a Biszinc(II) Complex of 1,3-Bisporphyrincalix[4]arene: Evidence for “Tunable Intramolecular Open and Closed Conformations”. Inorg Chem 2005; 44:2836-42. [PMID: 15819572 DOI: 10.1021/ic048261n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The bismacrocycle 5,17-bis[5-(2,8,13,17-tetraethyl-3,7,12,18-tetramethylporphyrinyl)]-25,26,27,28-tetrapropoxycalix[4]arene (4) was synthesized in three steps from the corresponding bisaldehyde 5,17-diformyl-25,26,27,28-tetrapropoxycalix[4]arene. The biszinc(II) complex (5) was prepared as well, and the photophysical properties were measured using 2-MeTHF as solvent at 298 and 77 K. While computer modeling for 5 predicts that both pinched cone conformers, closed (porphyrins near each other) and open (porphyrins away from each other), may exist in the "gas phase", the experimental data indicate clearly that no zinc porphyrin...zinc porphyrin interactions are present in solution at 298 K, favoring the open conformer, where the two macrocycles are placed away from each other. On the other hand, clear evidence for a closed conformer is observed at 77 K. Variable-temperature (1)H NMR experiments show that 5 is fluxional between 298 and 183 K, while 4 keeps the open conformation for the whole temperature range. This behavior is unprecedented for calix[4]areneporphyrin compounds, and the relative porphyrin ring rigidity is postulated to explain this difference.
Collapse
|
14
|
Lü JM, Rosokha SV, Lindeman SV, Neretin IS, Kochi JK. “Separated” versus “Contact” Ion-Pair Structures in Solution from Their Crystalline States: Dynamic Effects on Dinitrobenzenide as a Mixed-Valence Anion. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:1797-809. [PMID: 15701015 DOI: 10.1021/ja043998x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Qualitative structural concepts about dynamic ion pairs, historically deduced in solution as labile solvent-separated and contact species, are now quantified by the low-temperature isolation of crystalline (reactive) salts suitable for direct X-ray analysis. Thus, dinitrobenzenide anion (DNB(-)) can be prepared in the two basic ion-paired forms by potassium-mirror reduction of p-dinitrobenzene in the presence of macrocyclic polyether ligands: L(C) (cryptand) and L(E) (crown-ethers). The crystalline "separated" ion-pair salt isolated as K(L(C))(+)//DNB(-) is crystallographically differentiated from the "contact" ion-pair salt isolated as K(L(E))(+)DNB(-) by their distinctive interionic separations. Spectral analysis reveals pronounced near-IR absorptions arising from intervalence transitions that characterize dinitrobenzenide to be a prototypical mixed-valence anion. Most importantly, the unique patterns of vibronic (fine-structure) progressions that also distinguish the "separated" from the "contact" ion pair in the crystalline solid state are the same as those dissolved into THF solvent and ensure that the same X-ray structures persist in solution. Moreover, these distinctive NIR patterns are assigned with the aid of Marcus-Hush (two-state) theory to the "separated"ion pair in which the unpaired electron is equally delocalized between both NO(2)-centers in the symmetric ground state of dinitrobenzenide, and by contrast, the asymmetric electron distribution inherent to "contact"ion pairs favors only that single NO(2)-center intimately paired to the counterion. The labilities of these dynamic ion pairs in solution are thoroughly elucidated by temperature-dependent ESR spectral changes that provide intimate details of facile isomerizations, ionic separations, and counterion-mediated exchanges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ming Lü
- Chemistry Department, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5003, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Martínez-Álvarez R, Gómez-Gallego M, Fernández I, Mancheño MJ, Sierra MA. ESI Mass Spectrometry as a Tool for the Study of Electron Transfer in Nonconventional Media: The Case of Bi- and Polymetallic Carbene Complexes. Organometallics 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/om049772k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Martínez-Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Gómez-Gallego
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María J. Mancheño
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Sierra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
ARIMURA T, NISHIOKA T, KUMAMOTO S, MURATA S, TACHIYA M. Synthesis and Carbon-13 NMR Longitudinal Relaxation Time Studies of Porphyrin Dimers Possessing Conformational Fluctuation. J Oleo Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.53.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
17
|
ARIMURA T, NISHIOKA T, IDE S, KUMAMOTO S, MURATA S, TACHIYA M. Molecular Complexation of Arenediazonium Ions by a Calix[4]arene Possessing Two Ester Groups: Molecular Tweezers. J Oleo Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.53.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
18
|
Agbaria RA, Oldham PB, McCarroll M, McGown LB, Warner IM. Molecular fluorescence, phosphorescence, and chemiluminescence spectrometry. Anal Chem 2002; 74:3952-62. [PMID: 12199560 DOI: 10.1021/ac020299z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rezik A Agbaria
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jokic D, Asfari Z, Weiss J. The first versatile synthetic approach to cofacial bis-porphyrins with calixarene spacers. Org Lett 2002; 4:2129-32. [PMID: 12074649 DOI: 10.1021/ol0258583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[structure: see text] A versatile stepwise synthetic approach to cofacial bis-porphyrin species with calix[4]arene spacers has been designed. The three examples described demonstrate that the method allows selection, in a tailor-made fashion, of the calix[4]arene conformation, the type of functionalization of the calixarene rims, and the anchoring point of the chromophores on the calix[4]arene spacer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danica Jokic
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Chimie Physique du Corps Solide UMR 7512 au CNRS, Institut Le Bel, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mori Y, Sakaguchi Y, Hayashi H. Spin Effects on Decay Dynamics of Charge-Separated States Generated by Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Zinc Porphyrin−Naphthalenediimide Dyads. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013453e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukie Mori
- Molecular Photochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshio Sakaguchi
- Molecular Photochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hisaharu Hayashi
- Molecular Photochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Laudien R, Yoshida I, Nagamura T. Synthesis and photophysical properties of porphyrins containing viologen units for ultrafast molecular photonics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1039/b202991j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
22
|
SUGA Y, ARIMURA T, NISHIOKA T, MURATA S, TACHIYA M. Photophysical and Electrochemical Properties of Novel Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxydiimide Derivatives. J Oleo Sci 2002. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.51.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|